digital photos and 3d models for documentation and … · 2016. 3. 25. · digital photos and 3d...
TRANSCRIPT
Digital Photos and 3D Models for Documentation and Visualization of Failed Slopes
Jeffrey R. Keaton - AMEC E&I, Inc., Los Angeles, CA
John C. Mason - AMEC E&I, Inc., Knoxville, TN
Carl D. Tockstein - AMEC E&I, Inc., Knoxville, TN
Stanley L. Hite - AMEC E&I, Inc., Richmond, VA
Chattanooga, TNAugust 4, 2011
2Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Methods and imagesConventional and special aerial photos Aerial and ground-based laser scanningGround-based stereo photos Terrestrial photogrammetry For visualization For measurements (ShapeMetriX3D – 3GSM)Calibrated camera and lens
Limitations, of course
Documentation and Visualization
3Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Stereo Pairs of Aerial Photos
4Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Low-Sun Angle Illumination
5Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Aerial Lidar – Synthetic Low-Sun Illumination
Bluegill Landslide, Idaho
Data from Nancy GlennIdaho State University Department of Geology
6Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
3D Laser Scanning
Siefko Slob, ITCDelft, The Netherlands
Rock Slope in Spain(Optec Scanner)
7Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
3D Laser Scanning
Siefko Slob, ITCDelft, The Netherlands
Cluster Analysis using Matlab Script
8Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
3D Model for Visualization
9Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Terrestrial Photogrammetry - Parallax
D
B ≈ D5
D8to
10Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Stereo Pair with Range Pole
Range Pole
Right Image
Left Image
Bull's-eyeLevel
2.35 m
Azimuth (x,y,z)
Stereo Model
- Handheld camera- Calibrated digital
camera & lens- Range reference- Vertical reference- North reference- Spatial reference
11Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Range Pole and Ground Target
12Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Rock Structure Measured with ShapeMetriX3D
GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERSPositions (X,Y,Z) [m, ft]Distances, lengths [m, ft]Areas [m2, ft2]Orientations from faces [°/°]Orientations from traces [°/°]Bridges between tracesFree grouping to setsSpacing, StereogramsExport directly into CAD, MS Excel
13Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Rock Structure Measured with ShapeMetriX3D
Geologist's mapping tool for assessing joint setsAccess difficulty eased and safety enhanced
14Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Stereographic Projection
15Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Basic Model – Detailed Model
Distinctive points (red) identified in this model become ...
Basic model normalized with range pole
16Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Basic Model – Detailed Model
Detailed model normalized with distinctive points from basic model
... reference pointsin this detailed model.
17Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Bedding Plane Roughness
Export modelsurface for usein other software(GIS, AutoCAD)
Use profile toolin ShapeMetriX3Dand export values
18Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Model Point Density
48,985 pts
543,746 pts
632,852 pts
19Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Bedding Plane Roughness
20Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Bedding Plane Roughness
142,362 points
21Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Bedding Plane Roughness
22Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Bedding Plane Roughness
JRC > 20
JRC = 15.5
Hoek, 2004
23Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Rock Block Dimensions Volume
24Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Rock Block Dimensions
25Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Slope Profile
26Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Slope Profile
27Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Westbound I-24 near Monteagle, TN
Model Gap
Rock Fall Release Area
28Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Westbound I-24 near Monteagle, TN
Model Gap
29Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Westbound I-24 near Monteagle, TN
Model Gap
Scale in Feet
Ele
vatio
n in
Fee
t
30Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Vertical Section from I-24 near Monteagle, TN
Stereo photos with calibrated camera Surveyed range pole & ground targets 3D model (ShapeMetriX3D) Vertical section tool (ShapeMetriX3D) Extract x,y data (comma-separated) Read data in spreadsheet (Excel) Plot to scale (1”=20’ in SigmaPlot) Time requirements (after field work) Build 3D model = 20 minutesMake vertical section = 15 secondsRead in Excel = 30 seconds Plot in SigmaPlot = 5 minutes
115-ft-high slope nearly
ready for CRSP
or Rocfall
31Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Stereo Model of 1959 Aerial Photos
Landslide terrain in Southern California
32Chattanooga, TN, Aug 4, 201111th Annual Technical Forum – Geohazards Impacting Transportation in the Appalachian Region
Limitations
What you see is what you can model Vegetation and other obstructions Blowing leaves and dust; snowHigh-contrast patchy sun and shadowDraped wire mesh in sun with rock in shadow
Accuracy depends on the number of pixels in an areaOblique view angle gives nonlinear range of accuracy Small features must be close to the camera
The software works with pixel clustersUniform surfaces, like painted walls, have non-unique pixels
Digital Photos and 3D Models for Documentation and Visualization of Failed Slopes
Jeffrey R. Keaton - AMEC E&I, Inc., Los Angeles, CA
John C. Mason - AMEC E&I, Inc., Knoxville, TN
Carl D. Tockstein - AMEC E&I, Inc., Knoxville, TN
Stanley L. Hite - AMEC E&I, Inc., Richmond, VA
Chattanooga, TNAugust 4, 2011