different types of government, what they mean and how they work out
TRANSCRIPT
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF GOVERNMENT, WHAT THEY MEAN
AND HOW THEY WORK OUT
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Dictatorship
ONE PERSON MAKES THE DECISION FOR THE WHOLE GROUP
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Advantages of Dictatorship UNITY - People may be united in their
loyalty to a dictator since there is no competition for trust and affection.
FAST ACTION - In an emergency, a dictator can move quickly to take action. No time is lost in debate or discussion.
STABILITY - Strong leadership – good leader = stability
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Disadvantages of Dictatorship PEOPLE’S OPINIONS IGNORED - People
are afforded little or no individual liberty. Civil rights are trampled on.
SELFISH / EGOISTIC LEADER - A dictator’s policies suit his/her own needs. Needs of the people may be neglected.
LIMITED IDEAS - Decision making has a narrow base - can be flawed, wrong, dangerous, and not fully supported by the people.
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THEOCRACY
A combination of strong national pride and strong religious beliefs that has led to the control of the government by religious
leaders.
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Advantages of Theocracy LIKE-MINDED IDEAS - General
agreement on the operation of the country.
TRADITIONS INTACT - Helps to keep the tradition of a country – religious doctrine or record used to rule.
ADORE LEADER - People will admire and look up to the rulers.
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Disadvantages of Theocracy CONFLICTING RELIGIOUS & GOVERNING
IDEA - Driven by religion – may result on poor decisions made by the government.
MINORITIES IGNORED -Can result in discrimination if one is not a member of the majority or dominant religion.
EXTREMISM - Disagreement over interpretations of the religious doctrine can occur.
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MONARCHY
Power is inherited and passed down the
royal family line.
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Advantages of Monarchy
SAVE $ & TIME - No worry or conflict over elections.
AWARENESS OF LEADER - Stable long line of heirs or rulers.
CONTINUITY - Traditions of the country will be carried on.
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Disadvantages of Monarchy PEOPLE HAVE NO CHOICE - Can be
restrictive because people do not have the right to vote.
ELITISM - Does not represent the entire society.
POOR LEADERSHIP IN PAST - Legacy of the past may be negative – elitism.
INHERITED POWER DOES NOT GUARANTEE GOOD LEADERSHIP - May not be prepared.
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Aristocracy/ Oligarchy
A government in which the power is in the hands of a
few persons or a small group (who have the combined power of a
dictator.
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Advantages of Aristocracy/ Oligarchy FAST DECISIONS - Decisions can be
made relatively quickly. BEST PEOPLE CHOSEN - May provide
expert leadership while avoiding the danger of one-person rule.
INTELLIGENCE - In theory, they are the most educated members of society.
SOME DIFFERENT IMPUT - Members of the oligarchy listen to each other - they work together to rule.
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Disadvantages of Aristocracy/ Oligarchy
ELITISM - Concerns of the lower classes may be ignored.
CORRUPTION - Rich will benefit more than the poor – the rich get richer and the poor get poorer
SAME AS DICTATORSHIP
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Direct Democracy
Government in which all citizens have equal
power in decision-making.
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Advantages of Direct Democracy LOTS OF IMPUT - Every citizen has equal
power in matters of government. Every citizen is involved in the decision-making.
INVOLVMENT OF PEOPLE - Since all citizens are involved in decision-making, there is a broad base of support and loyalty.
CHOICES & FREEDOM - Individual liberties are protected.
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Disadvantages of Direct Democracy
SIZE LIMITS SUCCESS - Only works when a small number of people are involved. Ability to gather all citizens in one place is necessary.
NEED TIME - Decision making involving all citizens is time-consuming. All citizens give input, debate, etc.
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Representative Democracy
Government in which people elect representatives who hold the decision making
power.
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Advantages of Representative Democracy VOICE OF PEOPLE HEARD - Citizens are involved
in decision making through their representatives, lobbying, and voting.
RE-ELECTION A CONCERN - Representatives are aware their jobs depend on meeting the needs of their constituents.
REPRESENT DIVERSE GROUPS - More likely that all elements of the population are represented.
QUALITY LEADERS - Generally, reps are educated, more capable citizens who can devote time needed to solve complex problems.
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Disadvantages of Representative Democracy TIME & COMPROMISES - Decision-making is
time consuming. Desire of representatives to please everyone may cripple system.
INDIVIDUALS - Representatives may not always agree with those they represent.
MAJORITY RULES - Lack of involved citizenry may allow special interest groups to influence or dominate representatives.
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Constitutional Monarchy
A parliament, consisting of elected officials, and a
monarchy rule together under a constitution.
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Advantages of Constitutional Monarchy CHOICE - Concerns of all classes
and people are addressed COMPETITON - Checks and
balances because of the two areas of government
NEW & OLD IDEAS - A progressive form of government that still keeps some tradition
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Disadvantages of Constitutional Monarchy
DIVISION OF THOUGHTS - Competition between the two areas of government
TIME - Decision making process is slow – too much negotiation
DIVISION OF GROUPS - Power struggle can lead to armed conflict
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Facism/NazismA movement of large masses, with new leaders chosen from the rank and file. It celebrates the nation or the race as an
organic community transcending all other loyalties. It emphasizes a myth of national or racial rebirth after a period of decline or destruction. Characterized by strong
militarism, secret police, demonstrations or power, etc.
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Advantages of Facism/Nazism LIMITS DISSENT - Keeps political
opponents quiet – no disturbance FAST - Decision making process is
quick RECOGNITION - Good leaders can
take all the credit SOLIDARITY - Unifies the nation -
patriotic
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Disadvantages of Facism/Nazism
PREVENTS CRITICISM - No alternative views are accepted
USE OF FORCE - Brutal violence and repression
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Communism
The government owns all land and property; all production and
distribution is controlled by the state; in theory everyone is equal
and works towards sharing the wealth.
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Advantages of Communism EQUALITY - Everyone is treated the
same, no social classes. 2) SHARED RESSOURCES – Government
has access & shares all with people. CO-OPERATION – Country & people
benefit. SHARED BELIEFS – All have common
ideas.
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Disadvantages of Communism
1) POSSIBLE CORRUPTION – Some leaders could take more for themselves.
2) NO INDIVIDUALITY – No reason to work hard or excel, all the same (no extra $ or benefits).
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Key Differences!
It is important for all citizens in a democracy to know the basic difference between constitutional and non-constitutional governments. Distinguishing characteristics are limited government and unlimited government.
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LIMITED VS. UNLIMITED GOVERNMENTS
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Limited Government In Canada, the powers of government are
limited. A limited government is a constitutional government.
A limited government makes sure that leaders of government do not misuse the powers they have been given.
It insists that all people, including people in authority such as the president and members of the congress, obey the laws.
A limited government has effective controls over the power of people in authority and protects the rights of individuals.
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Unlimited Government An unlimited government includes authoritarian
and totalitarian governments. Under authoritarian systems, all power is
concentrated in one person or a small group. People who live under an authoritarian system do
not have an effective way to restrain the power of the rulers.
Totalitarian governments regulate every part of the lives of individuals.
An unlimited government is a non-constitutional government.
An unlimited government does not have effective controls over the power of its rulers.
The people in authority cannot be easily removed from office by peaceful and legal means.