Different Kinds of Weather

By : Jehda White

What is a Hurricane

A hurricane is a type of tropical cyclone. It can be up to 600 miles wide and have strong winds at

speeds of 75 to 200 mph. A hurricane can last for a week. Can move 10-20 miles per hour over the open ocean. The center of the hurricane is the calmest part. It is called

the eye. The eye has only light winds and fair weather. The low level storm winds blow counterclockwise around

the eye.

life cycle of hurricanes Tropical DepressionA tropical disturbance that develops a closed circulation and is blowing around a

center of low pressure in the Northern Hemisphere is called a tropical depression. This can contain maximum sustained winds of 38 miles per hour or less on the surface.

Tropical StormA disturbance is called tropical storm once its winds are between 39 to 73 mph.

The system is given a name by the National Hurricane Center.

Hurricanes A storm is classified as a hurricane once its wind field has sustained winds of

greater than 73 miles per hour.

How Hurricanes Form

Hurricanes do a important job for the Earth.1. Help move heat from warm tropical places to the cooler

temperate zones.2. They form 5 to 15 degrees latitude north and south of the

equator.3. Happen when the oceans have been warmed during summer

months 4. Most hurricanes happen in the fall.

Storm Surge

One of the most dangerous parts of a hurricane is a storm surge.

When a hurricanes winds spiral around the storm, it can push water into a mound at the storms center.

This can become dangerous when the storm reaches land because it could cause flooding.

Hurricanes can cause more storm surges in areas where the ocean floor slopes gradually.

What are Tornadoes ….. A tornado is a violent, dangerous,

rotating column of air. Tornado’s rotation appears to happen

when winds are at two different speeds.

If a tornado gets caught in an updraft, it tightens the spin and speeds up.

The rain and hail in the thunderstorm cause the funnel to touch down creating a tornado.

How Tornadoes Form First it starts in a thunderstorm called a super cell. Super cells can last longer than a regular thunderstorm. Wind that is coming into the storm starts to swirl and forms

a funnel. Air in the funnel can spin faster and faster. It can create a

very low pressure area. Tornadoes can form anytime during the year, but most

form during May. They cause most damage in April.

Where do Tornadoes Form

In a region called Tornado Alley which is located in the Great Plains.

Occur in the late afternoon and early evening hours.

They are most common from 4pm to 9pm

What are Tsunamis…… It is a series of waves travelling across the

ocean due to a sudden displacement of a large body of water.

Caused by events such as undersea earthquakes, undersea landslides, land sliding into the ocean, volcanic eruptions or even asteroid impacts.

Move at speeds of a jet aircraft (500mph or more).

At the shores a tsunami slows down. It moves at about 70km/hour at the shores.

How tsunamis form Tsunami are formed as a result of

earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides that can occur under the sea.

The events that occur under the water are huge amounts of energy released as a result of quick upward bottom movement.

For example if a volcanic eruption occurs, the ocean floor may very quickly move upward several hundred feet.

When this occurs, huge volumes of ocean water are pushed upward and a wave is formed.

The Pacific Ocean is especially prone to tsunamis as a result of the large amount of undersea geological activity.

The Ten destructive tsunamis

How are Droughts Caused Droughts are caused when global wind patterns

allow high pressure systems to affect an area for weeks, months, or years!

High pressure causes the air around the area to sink, which in terms prevents moisture from rising and creating clouds.

Humans can influence droughts by, over gazing, poor treatment of soil, poor crop selection, clearing the forest, and mining.

Where Droughts Occur and When

Droughts can occur in the hot dry areas. Basically anywhere without water.

Popular spots are Africa, Brazil, India, and the Philippines. Droughts can occur at any time of the year, as for it can

rain anytime of the year.

What are Floods An over flowing of a large amount of water

beyond it’s normal confines. Flooding can arise from: Over flowing rivers Heavy rainfall over a short duration Unusual inflow of sea water onto land. Ocean

flooding can be caused by storms such as hurricanes, high tides, seismic events or large land slides.

How do Floods Occur…Flash Floods

When heavy thunderstorms occur in dry places like the southwest United State, or any desert area.

Due to the dry ground and the water not being able to absorb the water efficiently.

Occur when rain falls closer to the source of a river or stream, and the water than flows downhill quickly.

Visuals

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