dia-urbanism ii - istanbul - burgazada island

URBANISM IIIstanbul – Creating a Location

12/04/2011

Emre Can Vural

Introduction

- The world’s Megacities

- Geographical Location of Turkey

- Location of Istanbul

- Current Urban Situation

- History of Development in Istanbul

- Economy

- Investments

- Princess Islands

- Case study; Burgaz Ada

The World’s Megacities

Geographical Location of Turkey

Location of Istanbul

Current Urban Situation

HOW?

Istanbul

Istanbul

(Turkish: İstanbul, historically also known as Byzantium and Constantinople is thelargest city in Turkey and fifth largest city proper in the world with a population of 13.8 million.

Istanbul is also a megacity, as well as the cultural, economic, and financial centre of Turkey. The city covers 39 districts of the Istanbul province. It is located on theBosphorus Strait and encompasses the natural harbour known as the Golden Horn, in the northwest of the country.

It extends both on the European (Thrace) and on the Asian (Anatolia) sides of theBosphorus, and is thereby the only metropolis in the world that is situated on twocontinents.

History of Development

The population of the metropolis more than tripled during the 25 years between 1980 and 2005. Roughly 70% of all Istanbulites live in the European section and around30% in the Asian section. Due to high unemployment in the southeast of Turkey, manypeople from that region migrated to Istanbul, where they established themselves in theoutskirts of the city.

Migrants, predominantly from eastern Anatolia arrive in Istanbul expecting improvedliving conditions and employment, which usually end with little success. This resultseach year with new ‘Gecekondus’ at the outskirts of the city, which are later developedinto neighbourhoods and integrated into the greater metropolis.

The city has a population of 11,372,613 residents according to the latest count as of 2007, and is one of the largest cities in the world today. The rate of population growthin the city is currently at 3.45% a year on average, mainly due to the influx of peoplefrom the surrounding rural areas. Istanbul's population density of 1,700 per square kmfar exceeds Turkey's 81 people per square km.


The following overview shows thenumbers of inhabitants by year. Population tallies up to 1914 areestimated with variations of up to 50% depending upon researcher. The numbersfrom 1927 to 2000 are results of censuses.

The numbers of 2005 and 2006 are basedon computer simulation forecasts. Thedoubling of the population of Istanbulbetween 1980 and 1985 is due to a natural increase in population as well as the expansion of municipal limits.


HOUSING TYPES;

Existing Buildings


HOUSING TYPES;

Illegal Housing

- Gecekondu (house put up quickly without proper permissions)

- Apartment Blocks


HOUSING TYPES;

Apartment Blocks


HOUSING TYPES;

Gated Communities

- Apartment Gated Communities

- Villa Gated Communities


HOUSING TYPES;

Luxury Residences

- Skyscrapers

- Villas (Gated communities)

- Luxury Apartment Blocks (Gated communities)


OFFICE BUILDINGS;

Old Office Buildings


OFFICE BUILDINGS;

New Office Buildings

- Office Blocks

- Skyscrapers


COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS;

Economy

During the 19th century and early 20th century, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial centre of the Ottoman Empire, where the headquarters of the Ottoman Central Bank (established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and laterreorganised as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i �ahane in 1863) and the Ottoman StockExchange (1866) were located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's mainfinancial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving theirheadquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In1995, the Istanbul Stock Exchange moved to its current building in the İstinyequarter.

Economy

Apart from being the largest city and former political capital of the country, Istanbulhas always been the centre of Turkey's economic life because of its location as a junction of international land and sea trade routes. Istanbul is also Turkey's largestindustrial centre. It employs approximately 20% of Turkey's industrial labour andcontributes 38% of Turkey's industrial workspace.

According to Forbes magazine, Istanbul had a total of 35 billionaires as of March2008, ranking fourth in the world.

Today, the city generates 55% of Turkey's trade and 45% of the country's wholesaletrade, and generates 21.2% of Turkey's gross national product. Istanbulcontributes 40% of all taxes collected in Turkey and produces 27.5% of Turkey'snational product. In 2005 the City of Istanbul had a GDP of $133 billion. In 2005 companies based in Istanbul made exports worth $41,397,000,000 and importsworth $69,883,000,000; which corresponded to 56.6% and 60.2% of Turkey'sexports and imports, respectively, in that year.

Economy

Result of Economic Growth..

KANYON SHOPPING MALL

Location: Kanyon is a multi-purpose complexlocated at Büyükdere Avenue Nr. 185 in the Leventfinancial district of Istanbul, Turkey.

General Information: Opened on 6 June 2006, it unites a 160-store shopping mall, a 30-floor officetower and a 22-floor residential block with 179 residential apartments into a complex undulatingaround a dramatic architectural “canyon”.

The total construction area of the project is 250,000 m2, with 30,000 m2 of rentable office area, 37,500 m2 of rentable retail area, 180 residential flats, 160 stores, 9 theater halls with a capacity of 1,600 spectators, and a parking facility for 2,300 vehicles.

Development: Kanyon is a joint venture of theEczacıbaşı Group and İPGYO of Turkey. It wasdesigned by The Jerde Partnership of Los Angeles, USA, who collaborated with Tabanlıoğlu Architect of Istanbul, Turkey, for developing the project.

Investments

Investments

TRUMP TOWER ISTANBUL

Location: Trump Towers Istanbul are two conjoinedtowers in Pişli, Istanbul, Turkey.

General Information: One of the towers is an officetower, and the other a residential tower, consisting of over 200 residences. They are the first Trump Towersin Europe.

Development: Trump Towers are designed by BrigitteWeber Architects based in Nisantasi, Istanbul, forTasyapi Construction, a major Istanbul-basedconstruction and contracting company.

Investments

Investments

ISTINYE PARK

Location: Istinye Park is a shopping center in the İstinyequarter of Istanbul, Turkey with 291 stores, 85,250 sqmof retail area, and four levels of underground parking.

General Information: The center features both enclosedand open air sections. The open air section has a greencentral park and offers street side shopping. The centerincludes an authentic Turkish food bazaar- a traditionalmarket place, inspired by Turkish architecture andhistory.

Development: The project designer is DevelopmentDesign Group Inc., based in Baltimore. The designperiod -from conceptual, schematic, to development-lasted for about a year. Ömerler Mimarlik, based in Istanbul, drafted construction drawings and handledimplementation. The construction period went on for 26 months- from the first lay of foundation until the grandopening. From the first sketch to the completion of theproject, it took (2004-2007) 3 years in total.

Investments

Investments

SAPPHIRE TOWER

Location: Istanbul Sapphire, is a skyscraper, and tallestbuilding of Istanbul's Levent main business district andthe second tallest building in Istanbul and Turkey

General Information: It is the country's first ecologicalskyscraper. Sapphire rises 54 floors above ground levelhaving an above-ground roof height of 238 meters (anda structural height of 261 meters including its spire, which is part of the design and not a radio antenna, andis therefore counted as a part of the overall structuralheight of the building.)

Development: Sapphire Istanbul is the luxury residenceproject of Biskon Construction (a subsidiary of the Kiler group of companies). Istanbul Sapphire has beendesigned by Tabanlıoğlu Architecture as a high-techstructure that consists of 64 floors (54 above-groundand 10 basement floors), communal living floors, extensive parking spaces, a large shopping mall, and 47 floors for residences.

Investments

Investments

VARYAP MERIDIAN

Location: Located in the Atasehir district of Istanbulwhich the Turkish government intends to transform intothe country’s new financial district and business centre.

General Information: The development has beencommissioned by Turkish real estate developmentcompany VARYAP, part of Varlibas GroupInternational. It includes a 60-storey tower, 1,500 residential units, a five-star hotel, offices andconference facilities with landscaped public areas andparking facilities.

Active ‘green’ design features include rainwatercollection sites and facilities to optimise water usageand reduce energy consumption, wind turbinetechnology, cooling water pools that enhance theexternal landscape and a co-generation plant that willproduce electricity for the development. The uniquecontext and culture of Istanbul is incorporated into thedesign including a spectral tiled facade, ranging from

terracotta to blue to white.

Development: The luxury 372,000 sq m development– being designed by RMJM’s New York and Istanbulstudios.

Investments

Investments

Princess Islands

Turkish: Prens Adaları are a chain of nine islands off the coast of Istanbul, Turkey, in the Sea of Marmara.

They consist of four larger islands;- Büyükada (meaning "Large Island") with an area of 5.46 km2- Heybeliada (meaning "Saddlebag Island") with an area of 2.4 km2- Burgazada with an area of 1.5 km2- Kınalıada (meaning "Henna Island") with an area of 1.3 km2and five much smaller ones;- Sedef Adası (meaning "Mother-of-Pearl Island") with an area of 0.157 km2- Yassıada (meaning "Flat Island") with an area of 0.05 km2- Sivriada (meaning "Sharp Island") with an area of 0.05 km2- Kaşık Island (meaning "Spoon Island") with an area of 0.006 km2- Tavşanadası (meaning "Rabbit Island") with an area of 0.004 km2

The islands also constitute the Adalar District ("Island district") of Istanbul Province. The mayor is Mustafa Farsakoğlu (CHP).

Princess Islands

Princess Islands

Regular or fast passenger ferries operate to thefour of these islands from different parts of the city; from Bostanci, Kadikoy and Kartal neighborhoods on the Asian side, fromSirkeci and Kabatas neighborhoods on theEuropean side.

The name of the islands comes from theByzantine period, when royal princes andempresses were exiled there. With theintruduction of steamboats during the lateOttoman period around the 19th century, these islands became popular resorts for therich people who built their wooden houses. Jewish, Greek and Armenian communitieswere a large part of the inhabitants here. Today, the islands are popular touristdestinations for daily excursions especially in the summer time. There are manymonasteries and historic buildings on theislands, besides 19th century Victorian styleold wooden mansions.

Case Study..Burgazada

Burgazada

Burgazada, third largest of the Princess Islands, was known as Panormos during theHellenistic period. Today, it's famous for the house of Sait Faik Abasiyanik, a Turkishstory writer from the beginning of 20th century, who lived here. His house is nowconverted into a museum. Kalpazan Kaya is a place where he used to visit often witha cafeteria offering great views of the sunset.

There are some churches and monasteries from the Byzantines, such as HagiaIoannes Prodromos (Aya Yani) church, Christos Metamorfosis Monastery, and HagiaGheorghios (Aya Yorgi) Church and Monastery. There is a nice sailing and watersports club and many beaches. Burgazada was covered with pine forests but in 2003 most of it was destroyed by a big fire unfortunately.

Demetrius I of Macedon, one of the Diadochi (Successors) of Alexander the Great, built a fort here and named it after his father Antigonus I Monophthalmus. The islandtook this name, but is generally known by the Turks today as simply Burgaz.

Burgazada

The forest which covered the island fell into ruin after the conflagration of 2003. Inactive collaboration with the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and other organizations, the island has begun replantation efforts in recent years which have gradually begun towork.

Location of Burgaz Ada in Urban Scale

Burgazada

Burgazada Map

- Urban space

- Green areas

- Popular pedestrianroutes

Burgazada

Creating a Location;

THANK YOU0

dia-urbanism ii - istanbul - burgazada island

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