dhikre ilahi new - islamahmadiyya · 2 znivsd cemln dhikre ilaahi (malayalam translation of an urdu...

1ZnIvsd Cemln

ZnIvsd Cemln

(ssZh kvacW)

KŸ-I¿Ømhv

lZvdØv an¿km _io-dp-±o≥ alvaqZv AlvaZv (d)

Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv c≠m-a≥

hnh¿Ø\w

kn±oJv Aao¿ Aen, samKm¬

]km[-I¿:

Ckvemw C‚¿\m-j-W¬ ]ªntI-j≥kv, tIcf

t^m¿´v tdmUv, IÆq¿ ˛ 670001

2ZnIvsd Cemln

DHIKRE ILAAHI

(Malayalam Translation of an Urdu work)

Author

Hadhrath Mirza Bashirudhin Mahmood Ahmad (R)

Translated by:

Siddique Ameer Ali; Mogral.

Printed :

Geethanjali Offset Printers, Calicut.

First Edition :

second Edition : 2011

Copies : 1000

Price : 40/

Publishers

Ialam international Publication, Kerala.

Fort Road, Kannur - 1

IIPK/11

3ZnIvsd Cemln

]kvXm-h\Alva-Znøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ c≠m-asØ Jeo-^bpw

hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ hmKvZØ ]pX-\p-amb lZvdØv ao¿km _io-dp-±o≥ alvaqZv AlvaZv JmZn-bm\n¬ sh®v sNbvX AXn-a-l-ØmbHcp ]`m-j-W-Øns‚ ae-bmf ]cn-`m-j-bmWv ZnIvsd Cemln F∂Cu Ahn-kvacWob KŸw.

ssZh-kva-c-W-bpsS A\n¿∆-N-\ob \n¿hr-Xnsb hni-zm-kn-IsfsIm≠v A\p-`-hn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp IrXn-bmWv CXv. ZnIvsd Cem-ln(ssZh-kva-c-W)-bpsS \n¿∆-N-\w, ]m[m-\-yw, ]tbm-P-\w, e£-yw,-k-zm-bØam-°m-\p≈ \n¿t±ißƒ Ch-sbm-s°bpw Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

ssZh-Øns‚ kvacW Hcp `‡\v kΩm-\n-°p∂ Bflo-b-amb AhkvXm hnti-j-sØbpw AXp \¬Ip∂ ]cn-th-j-sØbpwAlva-Znøm Jeo^ efn-X-amb hm°p-I-fn¬ hy-‡-am-°p-∂p.

Bflob\p`q-Xn-bpsS ]ca]m]vXn°v ssZh-kva-cW klm-b-I-am-Ipw. F∂m¬ CXp t\Sm≥ Nne¿ \n¿t±-in-°p∂ hgn-Iƒ hnNn-Xhpw A_-≤-a-b-hp-am-Wv. ln]vt\m-´n-khpw ankvsa-d-nkhpw sXm´v D®-ÿm-bn-bmb i_vZm-h-ÿ-bn¬ A`n-c-an-°p∂ kq^nkw hsc ssZh-kva-c-W-bpsS am¿§ambn°cp-Xp∂ IrXna coXn-Isf ZnIvsd CemlnF∂ IrXn-bn¬ ]cn-tim-[\m hnt[-b-am-°p-∂p. ambw Ie¿∂ Hcpssk≤m-¥nI XØ-z-im-kvXhpw Bflo-b-X-bp-sS ]qap-‰Øv ]thi-\m¿l-hp-am-hp-∂n-√. ZnIvsd Cemln sNm√p-∂-h-cpsS Ahÿ ip≤-amb Pohn-X-Øns‚ Ah-ÿ-bm-Wv.

Cu ]pkvXIw ae-bm-f-Øn-te°v ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv tIcfmAlva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ ]Ya Aaodpw kzm-ØnI km∂n-≤-y-hp-am-bn-cp∂ a¿lpw kn±oJv Aao¿ Aen kmln-_m-Wv. A√mlp At±-l-Øn\v Bfl im¥n \¬Ip-am-dm-Is´. Bao≥ a\-n¬ ssZh-kva-c-W-bpsS Zn-hy Zo]vXn ]k-cn-∏n-°p∂ Cu a[p-tcm-]-lmcw ‡¿°v kΩm-\n-°m≥ Bh-i-y-amb kmº-ØnI klmbw \¬In-bXv tIcfm ePv\mCam-C-√mlv BWv. Ah-cpsS Cu Xym-K-]q¿Æ-amb tkh-\-Øn\v A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v X°-Xmb ]Xn-^ew e`n-°p-am-dm-I-s´. Bao≥.

lrZbw \ndsb ssZh-kva-c-W-bp-ambn k-zbw PohnXwssZhØn\v ka¿∏Ww sNøp∂ hnizmkn°v kz¿§hmXn¬ Xpd-∂n-Sp∂ ZnIvsd Cemln F∂ Cu ]pkvXIw klrZbcmb hmb-\°mcpsSap∂n¬ khn-\bw ka¿∏n°p∂p.IÆq¿14.08.2011 bp.a≥kq¿ AlvaZv

sNb¿am≥ tIcf Alva-Znøm ]ªn-t°-j≥ kan-Xn.

4ZnIvsd Cemln

Ah-Xm-cnI

A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn®p sIm≠p≈ Bcm[\ Ckvemans‚

Poh¬h-i-am-Wv. C∂v BNm-c-]-c-amb Bcm-[\-Iƒ \nc-h-[n-

bp-s≠-¶nepw lrZ-b-Ønepw Bflmhnepw ^e-ap-≠m-Ip∂

hn[w ssZhkvac-W-tbmsS Bcm-[n-°p-∂-h¿ hfsc Ipd-hm-

Wv. A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Bcm-[-\-bn-eqsS amXta

a\p-jy\v Bfl kwXr-]vXnbpw a\-k-am-[m-\hpw ssIh-cn-I-

bp≈q F∂Xv hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-am-Ip-∂p.

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-ßfpw Xncp-\_n -bpsS

DØa amXr-Ibpw C∂p temIØp ]p\x-ÿm-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

th≠n ÿm]n-X-amb ssZhnI ]ÿm-\-amWv AlvaZnøm Pam-

A-Øv. CkvemanI A≤ym-]-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw \_n Xncp-ta-\n

-bpsS DØa amXr-Ib-n¬ \n∂pw A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn-®p-sIm-

≠p≈ Bcm-[-\-bn¬ \n∂pw apkvenwIƒ s]mXpsh AI∂p

t]mbn-cn-°p∂ C°m-eØv ‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ F∂ Cu IrXn

Ah¿°v am¿§ Z¿i\w \¬Ip-sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.

hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ hmKvZØ ]pX\pw AlvaZnøm Pam-

A-Øns‚ c≠mw Jeo-^-bp-amb lZvdØv an¿km _io-dp-±o≥

alvaqZv AlvaZv s‚ Cu IrXn P: kn±oJv Aaoden kmln_v

(sam-Km¬) hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXv ‘kXy-Zq-X≥’ amkn-I-bn¬

Jfii: ]kv≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.

AlvaZn-Iƒ°v ]tXy-In®pw, apkvenw ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ°v

s]mXp-shbpw Ah-cpsS Bflo-tbm-∂-a-\-Øn\v Cu IrXn hf-

sc-tbsd ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-sa∂ DØa hnizm-k-tØmSpw ip`

]Xo-£-tbmSpw IqSn-bmWv AlvaZnøm kwÿm-\-°-Ωn‰n CXv

]kn≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-b-Xv.

tImgn-t°mSv apl-ΩZv A_p¬h-^m,

1˛9-˛1363/1984 AlvaZnøm apkvenw anj-\dn

5ZnIvsd Cemln

(lZvdØv Aao-dp¬ apAvan\o≥ Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv

II 1916 se hm¿jnI ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ JmZn-bm-\n¬

sh®v sNbvX ]kw-Kw, ]n∂o-SXv ‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ F∂

t]cn¬ ]kn≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. AXns‚ Bi-bm-\p-hm-Z-

amWv Cu KŸw)

6ZnIvsd Cemln

7ZnIvsd Cemln

ZnIvsd Cemln

‘ZnIvsd Cemln’(ssZh-kva-cW) F∂-Xns‚ Dt±-i-ysa-

¥mWv? ZnIvsd Cemln FX Xc-Øn-ep≠v? ZnIvsd Cem-ln-

bn¬ Fs¥√mw kq£vaX ]men-t°-≠-Xp≠v? ZnIvsd Cemln

a\-n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬ P\-ßƒs°-s¥√mw ]ng-hp-Iƒ ]‰n-bn-

´p≠v? \a-kvImc thf-bn¬ ]nimNv ]e A\m-hiy Nn¥-Ifpw

CS-bn¬ ISØn hnSp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v i≤ tIµo-I-cn®p \n¿Øm-

\p≈ am¿§-sa-¥mWv? F∂n-XymZn hnj-b-ßsf Ipdn®v hnh-

cn-°m-\mWv Rm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.

A√mlp Ignhv ]Zm\w sNbvXm¬ C∂v Rm≥ ]d-

bm≥ t]mIp∂ hnj-b-Øns‚ mK-ßfmWv Ch-. GsX-¶nepw

Hcp ]tX-yI P\-hn- m-K-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ hnj-b-a√m CsX∂v

Bap-J-Øn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ a\-n-em-°n-bn- p-≠m-Ipw. adn®v

Db¿∂-hcpw Xmgv∂-hcpw, kº-∂cpw Zcn-Zcpw, sNdn-b-hcpw

hen-b-hcpamb Hmtcm hy-‡nbp-ambpw _‘-s∏´ hnj-b-am-

WnXv. Bb-Xn-\m¬ \nm-c-sa∂v tXm∂p∂ Fs¥¶nepw

Imcyw F∂n¬ \n∂v tI´m¬ t]mepw AXns\ X≈n°f-b-cp-

Xv. ImcWw \nß-fXv ]mh¿ØnIam°p-tºmƒ AXv \nm-c-

a-s√∂pw adn®v AX-y-[nIw ^e-ap-f-hm-°p-∂-XmWsX∂pw

\nßƒ°v h-y-‡-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

ZnIvsd Cemln F∂m¬ F¥v?

‘ZnIvdv’ F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w kvacn-°pI F∂m-Wv.

At∏mƒ ZnIvsd Cemln F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ ssZhsØ kvacn-

°pI F∂m-bn. AXn-\m¬ A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn-°p-∂-Xn\v

ZnIvsd Cemln F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. AXm-bXv A√m-lp-hns‚

KpW-a-lm-fly-ßsf kvacn-®p-sIm≠v \mhp-sIm-≠v A-hsb

8ZnIvsd Cemln

Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Ønt®‰p ]d-bp-∂-Xp-sa√mw ZnIvsd Cemln

Xs∂-bm-Wv.

‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ F∂ hnjbw FX I≠v Bh-iy-am-

bXpw ][m-\-s∏- -Xp-am-sW∂p tNmZn-®m¬ hfsc AXym-h-

iyhpw hfsc ][m-\-s∏- Xpw BsW-∂mWv AXns‚ a¿Ω-

amb Npcpßnb DØ-cw. Cu hnj-b-hp-ambn Rm≥ ]kw-Kn-

°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Aßns\ ]d-bp-∂-sX∂v h√-hcpw [cn-

°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv icn-b-√. A√mlp Xs∂ AXp hfsc

hep-Xm-sW∂pw ][m-\-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

“A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIv¿ as‰√m Imcy-sØ-

°mfpw hepXpw ][m-\-s∏- Xpw BWv. ” A√mlp Xs∂

AXns\ -hepXpw ][m\-s∏- Xpw BsW∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXv

Fs‚ hN-\-a√ A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-bt√m.

ZnIvsd Cemln ][m-\-s∏´ Hcp Imcy-am-sW∂p hcp-

tºmƒ AXn-s\-°p-dn®v kKu-chw i≤n-°m-\p≈ B⁄-

Ifpw A[n-I-ambn D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-X-s√-sb-s∂mcp tNmZy-ap-

≠m-Imw. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp∂ Hcmƒ°v

AXns‚ Kuchw hy‡-ambpw a\-n-em-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. A√mlp

]d-bp∂p;

“\ns‚ d∫ns\ cmhn-sebpw

sshIp-t∂-chpw [ym\n®p sIm≠n-cn-°pI”. GsXmcp kZ-n¬

A√m-lp-hns\ Ipdn-®p≈ A\p-kva-c-Whpw [ym\hpw D≠m-

hp-∂pthm B kZns\ ae-°p-Iƒ s]mXn-™p-sIm≠v

AhnsS A√m-lphns‚ A\p-K-l-ßƒ h¿jn-°p-∂-XmWv

F∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-bp-∂p. Cu hnjbw hm¿jnI

ktΩ-f-\-Øn-te°p th≠n Rm≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXpw A°mcyw

Hm¿Øn´p Xs∂-bm-Wv. Bbn-c-I-W-°n\m-fp-Iƒ hnZqc ]tZ-

i-ß-fn¬ \n∂p h∂v ChnsS ktΩ-fn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-cn-se√mw

9ZnIvsd Cemln

A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-ßfpw _¿°Øpw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

Ah¿ Ah-c-h-cpsS hoSp-I-fn-te°v Xncn-®p-sN-∂m¬ Ahn-sSbpw

Ah¿ Cu hnjbw Bh¿Øn®p ]d-bp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

At∏mƒ ae-°p-Iƒ Ahn-sSbpw A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-

lßƒ Cd-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Aßns\ ssZhm-\p-K-l-ßƒ apgp-

h≥ P-am-A-Ønepw hym]n-°p-∂-Xn\v CS-bm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xm-Wv.

‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ hfsc ][m-\-s∏- Xpw al-Øm-bXpw

BsW∂v ]kvXpX lZo-kn¬ \n∂pw a\-n-em-°mw. ae-

°p-Iƒ t]mepw ZnIvsd Cemln tIƒ°m≥ hcp-∂p. ZnIvsd

Cemln sNøp-∂-h¿ ae-°p-I-fpsSIqSn DkvXm-Zvam-cm-sW∂v

hcp-tºmƒ Ahsc ae-°p-Iƒ FX _lp-am-\n-°p-sa∂v ]d-

tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. Ah-cn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-ßƒ Cd°n

sImSp-°p-hm≥ th≠n ae-°p-Iƒ ZpB sNøp-sa∂pw \∑

sNøm-\p≈ ]tNm-Z\w Ah-cn¬ D≠m°n sImSp-°p-sa∂pw

hy‡-am-bn. ae-°p-Iƒ hcp-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv shdpw

km¶¬]nI Imcy-a√; Jfin-X-amb Hcp bmYm¿∞y-amWv.

Rm\-Xn¬ kzbw A\p- -h-ÿ-\m-Wv. ae-°p-Iƒ Ft∂mSp

kw`m-jWw \S-ØpI IqSn sNbvXn- p-≠v. Npcp-°-Øn¬ ZnIvsd

Cemln sNøp-∂-h-cp-ambn ae-°p-Iƒ kvt\l-_-‘-Øn¬ Ign-

™p-Iq-Sp-Ibpw Ahsc ssZhm-\p-K-l-ßƒ°v ]mX-am-°n-

Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

“G, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf! \nß-fpsS kz-Øp-Ifpw

\nß-fpsS k¥m-\-ßfpw \nßsf ssZh-kva-c-W-bn¬ \n∂v

10ZnIvsd Cemln

XS-bm-Xn-cn-°-s´. ssZhkvac-W-°v H∂pw-Xs∂ \nßƒ°v XS-

-am-Im-Xn-cn-°-s´. \nßƒ sNøp∂ Hcp ]h¿Ø-\hpw Imc-

W-ambn ZnIvsd Cemln Dt]-£n-t°-≠-Xmbn hcm-Xn-cn-°-s´.

as‰m∂n-s\bpw \nßƒ Kuc-h-ap-≈-Xmbn IW-°m-°-cp-Xv. G,

kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf \nßƒ A[n-I-ambn A√m-lp-hns\

Hm¿Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I. cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-chpw Ahs\

kvacn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°pIbpw sNøpI”.

CXp-t]mse Xs∂ dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n bpsS Hcp lZo-

kn¬ A_q-aqkm Aiv-Acn cnhm-bØv sNøp-∂p.

“A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn-°p-∂-h\pw kvacn-°m-Ø-h\pw XΩn-

ep≈ A¥-c-Øns‚ DZm-l-cWw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h\pw acn-®-

h\pw XΩn-te-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn-°p-∂-h≥

Poh-\p-≈-h-\mWv, kvacn-°m-Ø-h≥ acn-®-h\pw”.

Xp¿a-pZn-bn¬ \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏´ Hcp lZo-kn¬ ]d-bp-

∂p. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n klm-_n-amsc A`n-

kwt_m[\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v

‘Rm≥ \nßƒ°v G‰hpw \√Xpw s]m∂pw sh≈nbpw

sNehv sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-°mfpw \√Xpw Pnlm-Zn\p t]mbn iXp-

°sf sIm∂p-sIm≠v kzbw c‡ km£n-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xn-

s\-°mfpw \√-Xp-amb Hcp Imcyw ]d-™p-X-c- tbm F∂p

tNmZn®p. klm-_n-Iƒ ‘]d-™p-X-∂mepw’ F∂p ]Xn-h-Nn-

11ZnIvsd Cemln

®p. At∏mƒ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-™p. A√m-lp-hns\

ZnIv¿ sNøp-I-bm-sW-∂v. as‰mcp lZo-kn¬ \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-

cn-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bmWv. ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS ÿm\w hfsc

D∂-X-am-b-Xm-sW∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-™-t∏mƒ Pnlm-

Zns‚ ÿm\-tØ-°mfpw D∂-X-am-b-XmtWm F∂v klm-_n-

am¿ tNmZn-®p. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n adp-]Sn ]d-™p. “AsX,

AXn-t\-°mƒ D∂-X-am-b-Xm-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ AXv

Pnlm-Zn\p t]mepw ]tNm-Z\w \¬Ip∂p”.

ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bn-te°v i≤ Ipd-bm-\p≈ ImcWw

ta¬ D≤-cn® Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw lZo-kp-

I-fn¬ \n∂pw ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS Bh-iyhpw ]m[m-\yhpw

a\-n-em-°m-a-t√m. F∂m¬ \ΩpsS Pam-A-Ønse ]e¿°pw

ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS Nne mK-sØ-°p-dn®v th≠X i≤-bn-

√. Ds≠-¶n¬ Xs∂ hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv. sNdp-∏-Øn¬Øs∂

Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw At\z-jWw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]Ir-Xn-

bmWv Fs‚-Xv. AXn-\m¬ hnthIw D≠m-b-Xp-ap-X¬°p Xs∂

F\n-°-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥bpw thh-em-Xnbpw D≠m-bn- p-≠v.

ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS Nne hi-ß-sf-°p-dn®v \ΩpsS Pam-A-

Ønse Ai≤bpw \yq\-Xbpw Fßns\ ]cn-l-cn-°m≥ Ign-

bp-sa∂ hnNmcw Ct∏mgpw Fs∂ _m[n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

]m¿∞-\-bpsS Imcyw l: akolv auDuZv hfsc i‡n-

bmbn Du∂n-]-d-™n- p-≠v. A√m-lp-hn\p \µn. \ΩpsS Pam-

AØv ]m¿∞-\-bpsS Imcyw icn°pw [mcm-f-ambn D]-tbm-K-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS a‰p Imcy-Ønepw

l:akolv auDuZv hfsc Du∂n-∏-d-™n- ps≠¶nepw A°m-

cy-Øn¬ Pam-A-Øns‚ i≤ th≠X ]Xn-™n- n-s√∂v ]d-

bmsX \nhr-Øn-bn-√. Cw•ojv hnZy- ymkw a\p-jys‚ Nn¥m-

K-Xn-bn¬ hcp-Ønb am‰-amWv AXn\p ][m-\-Im-c-W-sa∂p

]d-bmw. A√m-lp-hns‚ t]¿ shdpsX D®-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw

H‰-s°mcp ÿeØv Ccp-∂p-sIm≠v emC-eml C√√mlp

12ZnIvsd Cemln

F∂pw, A√mlp Jp±q-kmWv, A√mlp I_odmWv, A√mlp

Aeo-amWv, A√mlp JmZn-dmWv Fs∂ms° Bh¿Øn®p Dcp-

hn-Sp∂-Xp-sIm≠pw bmsXmcp ]tbm-P-\hpw Cs√-∂mWv AØ-

c-°m-cmb Bfp-I-fpsS Nn¥m-K-Xn. \ΩpsS Pam-A-Ønse Hcp

hn`mKw Bfp-Iƒ Cw•ojv hnZym- ym-k-hp-ambn _‘-ap-≈-h-

cm-b-Xp-sIm≠v Ah-cn¬ ]e-scbpw ]kvXpX Nn¥m-KXn Xs∂

_m[n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. \ΩpsS Pam-A-Ønse as‰mcp

hn`mKw I¿j-I-cm-Wv. Ah-cn¬ Hcp hn`m-K-Øn\v apºv Xs∂

ZnIvsd Cem-lnsb Ipdn®pw AXns‚ ]tbm-P-\-sØ-°p-dn®pw

H∂pw Adn-bp-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ ‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ bpsS icn-

bmb t\´hpw ]tbm-P-\hpw icn°v a\-n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°msX

Pam-A-Øns‚ i≤ th≠pthmfw A°m-cy-Øn¬ ]Xn-bp-I-

bn-s√∂v F\n°v tXm∂n.

\a-kvIm-chpw ZnIvsd Cemln Xs∂-bm-Wv. \a-kvImc Imcy-

Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øm¬ \ΩpsS Pam-A-Øn\v

th≠p-thmfw i≤-bp-≠v. F∂m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v ]pd-sabpw

a‰p ]e ‘ZnIvdp’-Ifpw D≈-Xp-sIm≠v A°m-cy-Ønepw Pam-A-

Øn\p Xm¬]-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠Xpw AXns\ ]tbm-P-\-

s∏-Sp-tØ-≠Xpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. AXn¬ Pam-A-Øn\v i≤

Xosc-bns√∂p Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂n-s√-¶nepw hfsc Ipd-hm-sW∂v

Xo¿®-bmbpw ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AsXmcp \yq\X Xs∂-

bm-Wv. as‰√m kuµc-y-ap-hp≈ HcmfpsS ItÆm, aqt°m,

sNhntbm hnIrXamsW¶n¬ Abmsf kpµcs\∂v ]dbm≥

Ignbptam? Hcn°epan√, adn®v Abmsf hncq]nsbt∂ ]dbm≥

Ignbq. CXp-t]mse \ΩpsS Pam-A-Ønse Nne Bfp-Iƒ

ZnIvsd CemlnbpsS F√m hihpw ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-ØmsX

AXns‚ Nne hi-ßƒ Dt]-£n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv \√

hkvX-[m-c-W-coXn ssIs°m-≈p∂ Hcmƒ sNcn-t∏m, _qt´m

[cn-°m-Ø-Xp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cn-°pw. AbmfpsS hkvXßsf√mw

\√Xp Xs∂bmsW¶nepw Xe∏mhpw sNcn∏pw C√mØXv

sIm≠v AXn¬ Hcp \yq\X D≠mbncn°p∂Xn\m¬

13ZnIvsd Cemln

D∂Xcmbn´p≈ hy‡nIƒ Abmsf CjvSs∏SpIbn√. ssZh-

kva-c-W-bpsS F√m am¿K -ßfpw Ah-ew-_n-°m-Xn-cn-°pI

F∂Xv \yq-\X Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p

]pdsa thsd Nne ZnIvdp-Ifpw sNøm≥ A√m-lphpw Ahs‚

dkqepw I¬]n-®n- p-s≠∂v ÿm]n-X-am-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B

ZnIvdp-I-fpsS cl-ky-ßfpw XØz-ßfpw \ap°v a\-n-em-bmepw

Cs√-¶nepw \ΩpsS Bflob ]ptcm-K-Xn-°p-th≠n Ah-sbbpw

A\p-jvTm-\-Øn¬ hcp-tØ-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-bn-Øo-cpw.

\ΩpsS Pam-A-Ønse Nne ktlm-Z-c≥am¿ ‘\ ven-

bmb’(sF—o-I-am-b) Nne I¿Ω-ß-fpsS mK-tØ°v th≠X

i≤ \¬Im-Xn-cn-°m-\p≈ ImcWw AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ ZnIvsd

Cem-ln-bpsS ]tbm-P\w icn°pw a\-n-em-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠m-

Wv. Ah¿ ‘^¿fmb’ (\n¿_-‘-amb) Imcy-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-®p-

sIm≠v a\-n-em-°p-∂Xv Rßƒ sNtø-≠Xv sNbvXp

Ign™p F∂m-Wv. Hcp lZo-kn¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-

bp-∂p; AXpw kz¥-am-bn-∏-d-bp-I-b-√. A√mlp Xt∂mSp ]d-

™-Xm-bn v ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

) (

“Fs‚ Zmk≥ \^ven-bmb (sF-—o-I-am-b) I¿Ω-ßƒ

aptJ\ Rm\p-ambn hf-sc-b-SpØp hcp-∂p. FX amX-sa-∂m¬

Ah≥ tIƒ°p∂ Ahs‚ sNhn Rm\m-bn-Øo-cp∂p; Ah≥

ImWp∂ Ahs‚ IÆv Rm\m-bn-Øo-cp∂p; Ah≥ ]nSn-°p∂

Ahs‚ ssI Rm\m-bn-Øo-cp∂p; Ah≥ \S-°p∂ Ahs‚

Im¬ Rm\m-bn-Øo-cp∂p” F∂v. ]kvXpX lZokv sF—o-I-

amb k¬°¿Ω-ß-fpsS \√ ^ew \ap°v a\-n-em-°n-Ø-

∂n-cn-°pIbmWv. AØcw ‘\^ven-bmb’(sF—o-I-am-b)

k¬°¿Ω-ßƒ A\p-jvSn-°p∂ Bfp-Iƒ°v D∂-X-amb

14ZnIvsd Cemln

Bflob ]Zhn e`n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v a\-n-em-hp-∂p. Npcp-

°Øn¬ \^ven-bmb k¬°¿Ω-ßƒ \nm-c-ß-f-√, hfsc

][m-\y-a¿ln-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv.

sF—oI Bcm[\Iƒ°v A√mlp FX D∂Xamb

]ZhnbmWv \¬Inbncn°p∂sX∂pw Cu Bcm[\Iƒ

\n¿∆ln°p∂h¿°v FX alØmb ÿm\amWv

\¬Inbncn°p∂sX∂pw Cu lZokn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ°v

a\nem°mhp∂XmWv. CXv a\p-jys\ A√m-lp-hns‚

KpWßsf kzmb-Ø-am-°m≥hsc ]m]vX-\m-°n-Xo¿°p-∂p.

Npcp°-Øn¬ \ ven-bmb (sF-—o-I-amb) I¿Ω-ßƒ \nm-

c-ß-f-√. F∂m¬ A[nIw Bfp-Ifpw AXn-te°v th≠X

i≤ sImSp-°p-∂n-√ F∂Xv hfsc tJZ-Icw Xs∂. a\p-jy≥

s]mXpsh _e-lo-\-\pw- a-Sn-b-\p-am-Wv. Ign-bp-∂Xpw Ipd-™-

tXm-Xn-ep≈ k¬°¿Ω-ßƒ sNbvXp-sIm≠v Ah≥ Xr]vXn-

s∏-Sp-∂p. A√m-lp-hn\v Ahs‚ Zmks‚ _e-lo-\-X-sb-Ip-

dn®v t_m[-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Xs∂-bmWv Ah-t\mSv ImcpWyw

hnNm-cn®v k¬°¿Ω-ßsf \n¿_-‘- I¿Ω-ß-sf∂pw (^¿fp-

Iƒ) sF—oI I¿Ω-ß-sf∂pw (\- vep-Iƒ) c≠mbn mKn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \n¿_‘ I¿Ω-ßƒ icn°pw Hcmƒ \n¿∆-ln-

®m¬ ]ns∂ Abmƒ Ip‰°mc\-√. lZo-kn¬ h∂n-cn-°p∂p:

Hcmƒ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n bpsS ASpØv h∂v Ckvemans\

Ipdn®v tNmZn-®p, Xncp-ta-\n ]d™p

Znh-k-Øn¬ A©p XhW \a-kvIm-c-am-Wv. AX-√msX a‰p

h√-Xp-ap-t≠m-sb∂v h∂-bmƒ tNmZn-®p. Xncp-ta\n

15ZnIvsd Cemln

]d™p C√; ]s£ \n\°v sF—o-I-ambn \a-kvI-cn-°m-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. ]ns∂ dwkm≥ amk-Ønse t\mºm-Wv. AX-√msX

thsd-bp-t≠m-sb∂v h∂-bmƒ tNmZn-®p. C√; ]s£ \n\°v

sF—o-I-ambn t\mºv t\m¬°m-hp-∂-XmWv F∂v Xncp-ta-\n

]d-™p. Ckveman¬ k°mØpw \n¿_-‘-amWv F∂v dkq¬

Xncp-ta\n ]d-™-t∏mƒ AX-√msX a‰p-h-√-Xp-ap-t≠m-

sb∂p BK-X≥ ]ns∂bpw tNmZn-®p. Xncp-ta\n ]d-™p. C√;

]s£ sF—o-I-amb \ne-bn¬ Zm\w sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv,

CXbpw ]d-™Xv tI -t∏mƒ h∂-bmƒ, Rm\-Xn¬ H´pw Xs∂

G‰-°p-d-®n¬ hcp-Øp-I-bn-s√∂v A√m-lp-hns\ kXyw

sNbvXp- ]d™psIm≠v Xncn-®p-t]m-bn. kXy-am-W-bmƒ ]d-

™-sX-¶n¬ Abmƒ hnP-bn-®p-sh∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n

At∏mƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.(_pJmcn )

]kvXpX lZo-kn¬\n∂v \n¿_‘ I¿Ω-ßƒ icn°pw

IrXyambpw \n¿∆-ln-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v hnPbw ]m]n-°m-sa∂v

a\-n-em-hp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Zo¿L-Zr-jvSn-bp-≈-h\pw _p≤n-

am\pw kq£vaX ]men-°p-∂-h\pw Bb Hcmƒ \n¿_‘ I¿Ω-

ßƒ amXw sNbvXp-sIm≠v Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Ign-bp-∂Xpw

Abmƒ sF—o-I-amb I¿Ω-ßƒ sNøm\pw ian-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

\n¿_‘ I¿Ωßfn¬ h√ hogvN-Itfm Ipdhp-Itfm kw -

hn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ sF—oI I¿Ω-ßƒ AXns‚ ]cn-lm-c-

am-bn-Øo-c-s -sb-∂-bmƒ Icp-Xpw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Znh-k-Øn¬

A©p-t\cw - \-a-kv°cn-t°-≠Xv \n¿_-‘ IS-a-bm-Wv.

F∂m¬ Hcmƒ A©pt\c \akvImcw hfsc IrXyambn

A\pjvTn°pIbpw sF—oIamb Bcm[\Iƒ H∂pw Xs∂

\n¿∆ln°mXncn°pIbpw sNbvXm¬ Hcp ]t£ AbmfpsS

GsX¶nepw \akvImcw h√ sXddpw ImcWØm¬

d±m°s∏SpIbpw JnbmaØv \mfn¬ AXn\v ]mb›nØw

\evtI≠XmbnØocpIbpw sNbvtX°mw. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n

Hcn-°¬ ]≈n-bn¬ Ccn-°sh Hcmƒ hcn-Ibpw \a-kvI-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n Abm-tfmSv ho≠pw \a-

16ZnIvsd Cemln

kvI-cn-°p-hm≥ \n¿t±-in®p. Abmƒ hn≠pw \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. F∂m¬ dkq¬ Xncpta\n Abm-tfmSv ]ns∂-

bpw- \-a-kvI-cn-°p-hm≥ I¬∏n-®p. Abmƒ ho≠pw \a-kvI-cn-

®p. \mem-aXpw \a-kvI-cn-°m≥ dkq¬ Xn-cp-ta-\n Abm-

tfmSv ]d-™t∏mƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ dkqse CXn-ep-]-cn-bmb

Hcp \a-kvImcw F\n-°-dn-bn-s√∂pw Xm¶ƒ Xs∂ \a-kvI-cn-

t°-≠-sX-ßn-s\-bm-sW∂v a\-n-em-°n-Ø-tc-W-sa∂pw

A`y¿∞n-®p. Xncp-\_n ]d-™p:“\nßƒ [rXn-bn-emWv

\a-kvI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv AXv kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. kmh-Im-

i-Øn¬ \a-kvI-cn-t°-≠-XmWv”-. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Nne ka-b-

ß-fnep≠m-Ip∂ \yq-\-X-Iƒ ImcWw \a-kvIm-cw kzoIcn-

°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√-. AXn-\m¬‘^¿fv’\a-kvI-mcØns‚ IqsS

‘\^¬’ \a-kvIm-chpw Hcmƒ \a-kv°-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

Abm-fpsS FsX-¶nepw Hcp ¿fv \a-kvI-mcw kzoIcn-°-s∏-

ń-s√-¶n¬ Xs∂‘\^¬’ \a-kvIm-cw AXn\v ]cn-lmc-am-bn-

Øo¿t∂°mw. 50 am¿°v e`n-®m¬ ]mm-Ip-sa∂v \n›-bn®

Hcp ]co-£-bn¬ 50 am¿°ns‚ amXw DØ-c-sa-gp-Xp∂ Hcmƒ

GsX-¶nepw Hcp DØ-c-Øn¬ ]ng-®p-t]m-bm¬ ]co-£-bn¬

tXm‰p-t]m-hp-a-t√m. F∂m¬ _p≤n-am-\mb Hcmƒ F√m tNmZy-

ßƒ°pw Ign-bp-∂Xpw DØ-c-sa-gp-Xm-\mWp ian-°p-I. AXv

t]mse bmX sNøm≥ Dt±in°p∂ Hcmƒ IrXyambn

bmXsNehpIƒ IW°pIqń AXn\pth≠X ]Ww amXw

IønseSp°pIbmsW¶n¬, Nne kµ¿`ßfn¬ Xs‚ IW°v

IqépIƒ sX‰mbnt]mhpIbpw AXp aptJ\ ]e hn[

hnjaßfpw klnt°≠XmbnhcnIbpw sNøp∂p.

BbXn\m¬ _p≤nbp≈h¿ bmZr—nIambn kw`hn°mhp∂

sNehpIfn¬ hnjaw t\cnSmXncn°p∂Xn\mbn bYm¿∞

sNehns\°mƒ Aev]w A[nIXpI IønseSp°p∂p.

\^vepIƒ (sF—oI Bcm[\Iƒ) bmZr—n Iambn hcp∂

sNehpIsf t]mseXs∂bmWv.AXv A\nhmcyambXn\m¬

Ah ]mh¿ØnIam°p∂Xnte°v ]tXyIw i≤bp≠m

17ZnIvsd Cemln

tI≠XmWv.

\ΩpsS Pam-A-Ønse Bfp-Iƒ F√m-Xcw ‘ZnIvsd

Cemln’bpsS Imcy-Ønepw th≠X i≤ ]Xn-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-

°m-\p≈ c≠m-asØ ImcWw C°m-eØv ]e kq^n-amcpw

D≠m-°n-sh-®n- p≈ A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ°pw _nZv-AØpIƒ°pw

FXn-cmbn lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv i_vZw Db¿Øn-b-Xm-

Wv. XØsbt∏mse Nne a¥-ßƒ Dcp-hn-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v amXw

Hcp ^ehpw Cs√∂v lpkq¿ Fgp -Xp -bn -cn -°p -∂p.

Ckvemans‚ta¬ \m-ep- m-KØp \n∂pw hnhn-[-ß-fmb Bt£-

]-ßfpw AI-a -ßfpw D≠m-bn -s°m-≠n-cn -°ptºmƒ

‘apk√’bn¬ Ccp-∂p-sIm≠v \nßƒ F¥mWv sNøp-∂-

sX∂pw F¥p-sIm≠v Fgp-t∂‰v Bt£-]-ßƒ°v adp-]Sn ]d-

bm≥ Xp\n-bp-∂n-√m-sb∂pw Ah-tcmSv lpkq¿ tNmZn-°p-I-bp-

≠m-bn. lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv AØcw BNm-cm-\p-h¿Øn-

I-fmb kq^n-am-sc-bmWv Bt£-]n-®-Xv. Ah¿ Bt£-]m¿l¿

Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- HcnSØn-cp∂v ZnIvsd Cemln sNøp-∂Xv

Xs∂ sX‰m-sW∂v AXp-sIm≠v Nne¿ [cn-®Xv icn-b-√. H‰-

°n-cp∂v ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂Xp sX‰p-a-√. ho´n\p ]pdØv iXp-

°ƒ A√m-lp -hn -s\bpw apl-ΩZv \_n sbbpw

Ckvemans\bpw Bt£-]n-°p-Ibpw ]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xn\v adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ Xp\n-bmsX Hcp aqe-bn¬ Hcp apk-√-

bn¬ Ccp∂p sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns\ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw ]pI-

gvØp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v A¿∞-an-√. lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv AØ-c-°m-sc-bmWv Bt£-]n-®-Xv. Ah¿

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Bt£-]m¿l¿ Xs∂-bp-am-Wv. ssZh t]ahpw

`‡nbpw Bflm¿∞-am-bn- p-≈-Xm-sW-¶n¬ ap°nepw aqe-bnepw

Ccp∂v A√m-lp-hns\ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw ]pI-gvØp-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xp-t]mse ]ªn°v tÃPnepw h∂v A]-Imcw sNtø-≠-Xm-

Wv. F∂-m¬ ta¬ ]d-™-h-¿ A]-Imcw sN-øp-∂n√. CXp

I]-S-amb \ne-]m-SmWv F∂v lZvdØv akolv auDuZv

Ahsc Xm°oXv sNbvXn- p-≠v.

18ZnIvsd Cemln

]ns∂ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv Cu kq^nam-sc∂pw

ssiJpamsc∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-hsc Bt£-]n-°m≥ as‰mcp

ImcWw Ch¿ ZnIvsd Cem-lnsbØs∂ XnI®pw am‰n adn®v

hnIr-X-am-°n-Øo¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p F-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-am-bncp-∂p.

Ckv emw Fs¥mcp ‘ZnIvsd Cem-ln’ sbbmtWm -a-\-n-em-

°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- A-Xns‚ t]cpt]mepw Ah-ti-jn-°mØ

hn[w Ah¿ AXns\ Ae-t¶m-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ch-

cpsS kzbwIrX-amb ZnIv¿ F∂p ]d-™m¬ lrZ-b-Øn¬

\n∂v i_vZw ]pds∏-Sp-hn®v Xe hsc FØn-°p-I, ASp-Øp-

≈-h¿°v Dd-ßm≥ t]mepw km[n-°mØ Xc-Øn¬ H®-bn´p

A -l-kn-°pI Np‰p-]m-Sp-ap-≈-h-cpsS Bcm-[-\-Iƒ°v hnLv\w

hcp-ØpI apX-em-b-h-bmbn amdn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. lrZ-b-Øn\v

]l-c-ta¬∏n-°pI F∂mWv AXn\v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Ah-cpsS

A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ lrZ-b-sa-∂m¬ ‘emC-eml C√-√mlp’ -a-pXem-

bh sIm≠v Bg-ap≈ ]mSp-≠m-°m≥ km[n-°p∂ Hcp km[-

\-am-Wv. a‰p Nne-cpsS ‘ZnIvsd Cem-ln’ ]m´pw Um≥kp-ambn

amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]m´n\pw Um≥kn\pw apdp°w IqSp-tºmƒ

ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS kZv NqSp-]n-Sn-°p∂p F∂mWv AXns\

hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ A¤p-X-ßƒ ]eXpw I≠p-

]n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂v A√mlp F∂ i_vZ-

ap-≠m-°p-I, lrZ-b-Øn\v ASn-tb¬∏n-°pI, lrZbw Dcp-°pI

F∂n-XymZn t]cp-Iƒ Ah¿ AXn\p kz¥ambn sh®n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. Nne-t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]dbpw Rßƒ Bflm-hn¬ \n∂v

i_vZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®v A¿in-te-°-b®v ‘kpPqZv ’sNøn-∏n®v

aS-°n-s°m≠v hcp-sa-∂v. Nne¿ ]dbpw ico-c-Ønse F√m

Ah-b-h-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ‘A√mlp’F∂ i_vZ-ap-≠m-Ip-sa-∂v.

Cßns\ A\-h[n _nZv-A-Øp-Iƒ Ah¿ I≠p-]n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. Nne¿ Jp¿-B≥ Bb-Øp-Iƒ HmXn-s°m≠v Um≥kv

sNøp-∂p. As√-¶n¬ Hcmƒ h√ ZnIvtdm ]Zytam sNm√p-tºmƒ

a‰p Nne¿ Um≥kv sNøp-∂p. AXn\v lcw aq°p-tºmƒ Ah¿

AXn\v ‘hPZv’ F∂v ]dbp∂p. t_m[-£bw h∂p F∂pw

19ZnIvsd Cemln

]d-bpw. ]ns∂ kZ-n¬ \n∂v F√m-hcpw D®-Øn¬ ‘A√mlp’

F∂p ]d-™psIm≠v Xp≈n-®m-Sp-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈ A¤p-

X-Ic-ß-fmb ]e ZnIvdp-Ifpw Ah¿ I≠p ]nSn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. F∂m¬ AØcw ZnIvdp-Iƒ°v Ckvemw aX-hp-ambn

bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-√. AXp-sIm≠v ZnIv¿ Xs∂ Cs√t∂m

AXv NoØ-bm-sWs∂m ]d-bm≥ ]mSn-√. Ah¿ I≠p-]n-Sn-®n-

cn-°p∂ ]pØ≥ kº-Zm-b-ßƒ amX-amWv NoØ-bm-bn- p-≈-

Xv. F∂m¬ Ch¿°v CXn-s\-Ip-dn®v bmsXmcp thh-em-

Xnbpan√. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-bp∂p:

aX-Øn¬ \n¿Ωn®p hnSp∂

F√m ]pØ≥ BNm-c-ßfpw hgn-tI-SmWv; F√m hgn-tISpw

\cI--Øn-te°v X≈nhnSp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. A°m-c-W-Øm¬

Xs∂-bmWv Ch¿ \n¿Ωn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]pØ≥ Bcm-[\m kº-

Zm-b-ßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao]yw D≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw

Ah-\n¬\n∂pw AI-‰n If-bp-∂-Xv. CØcw ZnIvdp-Iƒ I≠p

]nSn-®-Xn-\p-tijamWv apkvenwIƒ- A√mlphn¬ \n∂pw

hfsc AI∂p t]mIm≥ XpS-ßn-b-Xpw. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬

CsX√mw _nZv-A-Øm-Wv. A√m-lphpw apl-ΩZv \_n bpw

a\-n-em°n X∂n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒs°-Xn-cmbn h√Xpw ]d-

b-s∏-Sp-tºmgpw sNø-s∏-Sp-tºmgpw AXp-sIm≠v Bflo-bX

_elo-\-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bmWv sNøp-I. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ Xs∂-

bmWv apkveow-I-fn¬ C∂p s]mXpsh Bflo-bX \in®p

t]mbn-cn-°p-∂-Xpw.

as‰mcp Imcyw Cu ]pØ≥ _nZvAØv kº-Zm-b-ß-fn¬

Hcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ _mly-amb A`n-cp-Nnbpw B\-µhpw A\p-

-h-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬ B A`n-cp-Nnbpw B\-µhpsa√mw IrXn-

a -amWv. AXn\m¬ bYm¿∞amb B\µØn¬\n∂v

Ai≤cmbnsIm≠v IrXnaamb B\µØns‚ ]n∂mse

t]mbm¬ \miambncn°pw ew. hbdp thZ-\-bp≈ Hcmƒ°v

icn-bmb acp∂p \¬ImsX A^o≥ sImSp-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-

20ZnIvsd Cemln

bm-Wn-Xv. Aô≥ Xn∂m¬ Xm¬°m-en-I-amb kpJw tXm∂n

Ah≥ ab°w h∂p Dd-ßn-sb∂p hcmw. F∂m¬ bYm¿∞-

amb hb-dp-th-Z\ AXp-sIm≠p ian-°p-I-bn-√. Aô≥ AXn-

\p≈ bYm¿∞ ]cnlmc-a√. B IrXn-a-amb ab°w ImcWw

Ah\p Xm¬°m-enI kpJw tXm∂n-tb-°m-sa-¶nepw Ime-I-

a-Øn¬ Ahs‚ th-Z\ Ahs\ \in-∏n-®p-sh∂p hcmw.

C∂p Nne¿ ‘ZnIvdv ’ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp Hcp ]pXn-b-Xcw

hn⁄m\-Øn-\m-Wv. ‘C¬ap-Øp¿_v ’ F∂p ]d-bp-∂ B

hn⁄m-\-Øn\p Cw•o-jn¬ ‘sakva-cnkw ’ F∂mWv ]d-bp-

∂-Xv. AXn-t\mSv GXm≠v _‘-ap-≈Xpw kmZr-iy-ap-≈-Xp-amb

Hcp hn⁄m-\-ap-≠v. AXn\p Cw•o-jn¬ ‘ln]vt\m- nkw’ F∂p

]d-bp-∂p. ^©p-Im-c-\mb Hcp tUmIvS-dmWv AXp -I-≠p]n-

Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn\p Bflo-b-X-bp-ambn bmsXmcp _‘hpw

C√. hnNmc hnIm-c-ß-fp-am-bn- mWv AXn\p _‘w. A√mlp

a\p-jys‚ Nn¥-Ifn¬ Hcp i‡n sh-®n-´p-≠v. \ΩpsS

Nn¥Isf ]tXy-I-amb `mK-tØ°pw ]tXyI e£y-Øn-

te°pw tIµo-I-cn®p \n¿Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXp-ap-tJ\

]tXy-I-am-sbmcp kzm-[o\w D≠mbn hcn-Ibpw AXp-ap-tJ\

a\-n\v Hcp Xcw B\µhpw kt¥m-jhpw D≠m°nsbSp-

°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bpw sNøp-∂p. B B\µhpw kt¥m-jhpw

BI-s´, Aô≥,- I-©m-hv, apX-em-b ab°p acp-∂p-I-fn¬\n-

∂p-≠m-hp∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈Xpw Btcm-Ky-Øn\v tZmj- -e-ap-≠m-

°p-∂-Xp-amb Hcp ab°w amX-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Hcp Xcw

B\µw A\p- -h-s∏-Sp-∂p. C]Imcw Nn¥Isf GIoIcn

®psIm≠v \mUnIfn¬ i‡n sNepØptºmƒ Hcp XcØn

ep≈ ab°w D≠mhpIbpw AXneqsS Hcm\µw A\p`

hs∏SpIbpw sNøp∂p. Ch¿ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p, AXv ‘A√mlp’

‘A√mlp ’ F∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ B\-µ-am-sW-∂v. Aß-s\-

bp≈ kµ¿ -Øn¬ dmw, dmw, F∂p ]d-™mepw AtX B\-

µw Xs∂-bm-Wv A\p- -h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

Hcp IY-bp≠v. Hcp kq^n tXmWn-bn-en-cp∂p Fhn-sStbm

21ZnIvsd Cemln

t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. -At±lw tXmWn-bn-en-cp∂p sIm≠v ZnIv¿

sNøm≥ XpS-ßn. ItaW B ZnIvdns‚ i_vZw hep-Xm-bn.

tXmWn-bn-ep≈ ]ecpw lnµp-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ t]mepw

At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w ‘A√mlp A√mlp’F∂p ]d-bm≥ XpS-

ßn. tXmWn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp lnµp k\y-mkn-bpsS

hmbn¬ \n∂p amXw B ZnIv¿ ]pd-s∏- n-√. CXp a\-n-em-

°nb kq^n Xs‚ ]tXy-I-amb i≤bpw e£yhpw B mK-

tØ°p Xncn-®p-sIm≠v ‘A√mlp A√mlp’ F∂p ZnIv¿

sNbvXp XpS-ßn. F∂m¬ kq^n Xs‚ ]tXyI i≤ B

k\ym-kn-bpsS `mK-tØ°v Xncn®p hn -t∏mƒ kq^n Xs∂

kzbw ‘dmw, dmw ’ F∂p ]d-bm-\mWv XpS-ßn-b-Xv. k\ymkn

At±-l-Øns‚ ]tXy-I-amb i≤ kq^n-bpsS mK-tØ°v hn´n-

cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CX--\p- -hn-®-dn™ kq^n Aº-c∂p t]mhp-

Ibpw A∂p apX¬ Xs‚ AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ ZnIv¿ aXn-bm-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ CsXmcp Xcw hn⁄m-\-

amsW∂pw ZnIvdv aptJ-\-bp≈ ]Xn-I-c-W-a-s√∂pw a\-n-

em-bn. a‰p≈htcmSv A\nbn¥Xambn A√mlp F∂v ]d-

bn-∏n-°p∂Xv A√mlp F∂v ]dbp∂XpsIm-≠m-sW-¶n¬

]ns∂¥psIm≠mWv dmw dmw F∂pw ]d-bn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-

bp∂Xv? Cßs\bp≈hcpsS Ahÿ C]Imcw BWv.

AXmbXv, Hcmƒ Hcp h\ØneqsS t]mhpIbmbncp∂p.

Abmƒ°v \√ hni∏pw D≠mbncp∂p. Abmƒ°v Hcp Ingn

In´n . AXn¬ [m\yamIpsa∂pIcpXn Abmƒ

kt¥mjn°p∂p. F∂m¬ bYm¿∞Øn¬ AXn¬ I√n≥

IjWßfmbncp∂p. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ InXna ‡n Ah-ew-

_n-°p∂h¿ hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xv Rßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao-

]yhpw _‘hpw Ic-ÿ-am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. AXm-

Is´ Hcp Xcw ab-°hpw Xm¬°m-en-I-amb B\-µhpw amXta

\¬IpIbp-≈q. B cwKØv ]tX-yI ÿm\w Ic-ÿ-am-°n-b-

h-cpsS t]mepw lrZbw apºsØt∏mse aen-\hpw A]-cn-ip-

≤-hp-am-bn-Ø-s∂-bn-cn-°p-∂XmWv.

22ZnIvsd Cemln

Cß-s\-bp≈ InXnam am¿Kw Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂XpsIm≠v

Hcp ]tXy-I-amb B\-µ-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p-sh-∂ v\ΩpsS Pam-A-

Ønse \njvI-f-¶-\mb Hcp kplrØv Ft∂mSp ]d-

bmdp≠mbncp∂p. Aô≥ Xn∂n- p-≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-ep≈ Hcp

Xm¬°m-enI ab-°hpw B\-µhpw amX-amWv AsX∂v Rm\-

t±-l-tØmSp adp-]Sn ]d-™p. AØcw `‡≥am¿ aptJ\

Bflo-b-amb ]cn-ip≤n ssIh-cp-∂n-√. Rß-fpsS \a-kvIm-

chpw ZnIvdpw A¿iv hsc-sb-Øp∂p F∂v ]d-bp-∂-hsc \ap°v

ImWm≥ km[n-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Bflo-b-amb bmsXmcp ]cn-

ip-≤nbpw \mw ImWp-∂n-√. Rm\nXv ]d-™-t∏mƒ ]kvXpX

kplr-Øn\v AXp hfsc t_m[y-am-bn. At±lw Xs∂ At±-

l-Øns‚ A\p-`hw FSpØp ]d™p; F√m ]Z-hn-Ifpw

Db¿∂ ÿm\-ßfpw Ic-ÿ-am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂v hmZn-°p∂

Hcmƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ At±lw P\-ß-tfmSp bmNn-®p-

sIm-≠mWv Xs‚ D-]-Po-h\w Ign-®p-Iq- n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. At±lw

CX henb kvYm\w ]m]n® Bfm-sW-¶n¬ ]ns∂ P\-ß-

tfmSp bmNn-°m≥ F¥p ImcWw F∂p Rm≥ Nn¥n-°m-dp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv akolv auDuZv Hcm-sf-°p-dn®p ]d-

bm-dp-≠m-bncp∂p. B Bƒ Xs∂ Ipdn®v D∂-X-amb ÿm\hpw

]Z-hnbpw e`n® Bfm-bn- mWv Icp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Hcn°¬ Xs‚

Hcp injys‚ ASpØv sN∂v Fs‚ -ImWn° \¬IW-sa-∂m-

h-iys∏´p. £ma- Im-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssIbn¬ H∂pw Xs∂

D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. C]m-hiyw am∏p Xc-W-sa∂v apcoZv hfsc

hn\o-X-ambn ]d™p t\m°n. ]o¿km-ln_v hnń-√. Iptd t\cw

Ie-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Ah-km\w Abm-fpsS hoń-ep-

≠mbncp∂ Ft¥m km[\w hn¬∏\ sNøn-∏n®p Xs‚

ImWn° hkq¬ sNbvXp- sIm-≠p-t]m-bn. CXbpw aen-\hpw

Ahn-ip-≤hpamb Pohn-X-amWv Cu Db¿∂ ]Zhn e`n-®p-sh∂v

hmZn-°p∂cptSXv .

A√mlp a\p-jys‚ i_vZ-Ønepw Nn¥-bnepw Hcp Xc-

Øn-ep≈ kzm-[o-\-i‡n sh®n- p-≠v. Ah≥ GsX-¶nepw Hcp

23ZnIvsd Cemln

Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®v ‘B Imcyw ’C∂ cq]-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

ÿnc-ambn \ncq-]n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]ns∂ AX-hs‚ mh-\-

bn¬ Xs‚ mh-\-°-\p-kr-X-amb hn[-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw ImWpI

‘A√mlp A√mlp’ F∂ i_vZw Xs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂v

]pd-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂p Hcmƒ kZm- \n-cq-]n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv

Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬\n∂v hcp-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p∂ hn[-Øn¬

Xs∂ B i_vZw tIƒ°m≥ XpS-ßpw. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ AXv

Abm-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬\n∂p hcp∂ i_vZ-a-√. AXp lrZ-b-

Øn¬ \n∂p hcp-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ F¥p-sIm≠v AX-hs\

PohnX ]cn-ip-≤n-bp≈h\m-°n-Øo¿°p-∂n√? CØcw hmZ-

ß-fm-Is´ apkvenwIsf At]-£n®v lnµp-°-fn-emWv A[n-

Ihpw ImWm≥ CS-bm-Ip-∂-Xv. Ah¿ kz¥w lrZbw amX-a-

√, a‰p≈h-cpsS lrZbw t]mepw Cf-°n-hn-Sp-∂p.

F\n°v Cu hnj-b-I-ambn Hcp ]pkvXIw Xs∂ Fgp-X-

W-sa∂pw A√m-lp-hns‚ kXy-]-hm-N-I≥amcpw CØcw sN∏-

Sn-hn-Zy-°mcpw XΩnep≈ A-¥cw a\-n-em°n sImSp-°W-

sa-∂p-ap-t±-i-yap-≠v. Cu hnZy-bm-Is´ Hcp km[m-cW

hn⁄m\w amX-am-Wv. ]s£ AXp Imc-W-ambn a\p-jy≥

X∂n¬ Hcm-flob ]cn-ip≤n hcp-Øp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Ai-

≤\mbn-Øo-cp-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao]yw Ic-ÿ-am-°msX

Xs∂ Rm≥ A√m-lp-hn-s‚-b-SpØv FØn-b-Xmbn Ah≥ hnNm-

cn-°p-∂p. Ah-\m-Is´ Hcn-SØpw FØn-bn- n-√. D≈-nSØp Xs∂-

bm-Wp-≈-Xv. Hcp ]tXyI ÿe-tØ°p t]mIm≥ Dt±-in-°p∂

Hcmƒ as‰m-cn-S-Øn-cp∂psIm≠p Xm≥ FtØ-≠n-S-sØ-Øn-

sb∂p hnNm-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AX-h-\n¬ henb \jvSw

hcp-Øp-It-bbp-≈q. AXpt]mse CØcw ]h¿ØnIƒ

sNøp∂h¿ Xßƒ bYm¿∞ ÿm\Øv FØnbncn°p∂p

sh∂v sXddn≤mcW sh®v ]pe¿ØpIbmWv sNøp∂Xv.

Ah≥ A^o≥ elcn t]msemcp el-cn-bn¬ ebn®p InS-

°pI amX-amWv sNøp-∂-Xv. lZvdØv akolv auDuZv

AØcw hy¿Y-amb ‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ sb shdp-°p-Ibpw hntcm-

24ZnIvsd Cemln

[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ lnµp-°ƒ°pw

InkvX-y-\n-Iƒ°pw AXp sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂n-cns° AsX-

ßns\ ‘ZnIvdp√mlv’F∂p ]d-b-s∏Spw?

C\n ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv B¿Øp hnfn-®p-sIm≠pw kwKoXw

Be-]n-®p-sIm≠pw C∂p \S∂p hcp∂ ‘ZnIvdp’Isf Ipdn-

®mWv. Rm≥ apºv ]d-™Xp t]mse a\p-jys‚ \mUn Rc-

ºpIfn¬ ]XnI-c-W-ßƒ kzoIcn°m\pw a‰p-≈-h-cn¬ ]Xn-

I-cWw sNep-Øm\pw -]tXyI i‡n sh®n-´p-≠v.

\mUnRcºpIsf kzm[o\n°p∂ am¿Kßfn¬ H∂mb

I¿Æ]pSw \√ i_vZsØ BI¿jns®Sp°p∂p. a\p-j-y≥

amX-a-√, P¥p-°ƒ t]mepw a[p-c-amb i_vZ-Øm¬ BI¿jn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. ]mºp-I-fpsS apºmsI aIpSw DuXp-

tºmƒ AXv BSp-∂p. F∂m¬ AXv ]mºn¬ Bflo-b-amb

kzm-[o\w D≠m-b-Xp-sIm-≠msW∂v Bcpw ]d-bp-I-bn-√. AXp-

t]mse Xs∂ kwKoXw Be]n°ptºmƒ h√-hcpw \rØw

sh®p t]mIp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXpw Bflo-b-amb ew sIm≠-

√, i_vZ-Øns‚ hiyX ImcWw tIƒ°p-∂-Xn¬ D≠m-Ip∂

Hcp ]Xn-I-cWw amX-amWv AXv. AXn\v A≤ym-flo-I-X-bp-

ambn Hcp _‘-hp -an√. kwKoXw apXembhbv°v

B≤ymflnIXbv°v kzm[o\w sNepØm≥ Ignbp∂XmsW∂v

Bsc¶nepw [cn°pIbmsW¶n¬ AXv AbmfpsS sX‰mb

[mcWbpw aSbØchpw Bbncn°pw.ImcWw aIpSw

DuXptºmƒ ]mºv AXn¬ ebn®v D∑mZØm¬ ASns∏Sp

∂Xpt∏msebmWv, sIm´pw ]m´pw tIƒ°ptºmƒ C°me sØ

kq^nIƒ BSp∂Xv. Db¿∂ i_vZ-Øn¬ ZnIvdv sNøp-∂Xv

Hcp A\m-Nm-c-hp-am-Wv.

l: A_q-aq-km \nth-Z\w sNbvXn- p≈ Hcp lZo-kn¬

]d-bp∂p:˛ Hcn-°¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n bpw klm-_n-amcpw

Hcn-SØv t]mIp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hgn at≤y klm-_n-am¿

‘A√mlp AIv_¿’ ‘‘A√mlp AIv_¿’F∂v Dds° hnfn®p

]d-bm≥ XpS-ßn. CXp-tI- -t∏mƒ lpkq¿ ]d™p:

25ZnIvsd Cemln

“\nßƒ \nßtfmSv IcpW ImWn-°p-I. Bsc-bmtWm

\nßƒ hnfn-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ (A-√m-lp) sNhn-S-\√; ad-™-h-

\√; Ah≥ \nß-fpsS kao-]-ÿ-\mWv; \nß-fpsS

H∂n®p≈h-\mWv ”.

F∂m¬ C∂sØ kq^n-am-cp-sS ZnIvdns‚ kZv \S-

°p∂ sXcp-hp-Iƒ Ah¿ i_vZ-ap-J-cn-X-am°nØo¿°p-∂p.

AsXmcp k¬I¿Ω-am-sW∂mWv ]e-cp-sSbpw [mc-W. hmkvX-

h-Øn¬ AsX√mw ico-A-Øn\v hn]-co-X-amb Imcy-ß-fm-Wv.

ZnIvdns‚ t]cn¬ \SØn hcp∂ AØcw tNjvS-I-fpw Km\-

ßfpw B¿∏vhnfnIfpw i_vZmbam\amb Zn°vdpIfpw hogepw

Xebn´Sn°epw H∂pw Xs∂ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ \n∂p-

≠m-b-Xmbn sXfn-bp-∂n-√.

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n IhnX tIƒ°m-dp-≈-Xmbn ]d-b-s∏-

Sp-∂p. ]s£ AXv ZnIvsd Cemln F∂ \ne-°m-bn-cp-∂p tI´n-

cp-∂sX∂v Hcn-°epw ÿm]n-X-am-hp-I-bn√. Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ

lpkq-dn-s\-Xn-cn¬ h√ Km\hpw cNn-®m¬ AXn\p adp-]-Sn-

bmbn l: lm≥ XncpZqXtc, C∂ FXncmfn

Xm¶ƒs°Xncmbn IhnX FgpXnbncn°p∂p;Rm≥AXn\v

adp]Snbmbn C]Imcw IhnX cNn-®ncn°p-∂p F∂p ]dbpw.

Xncp-ta\n AXp tIƒ°m-dp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

CsX-t]mse Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ bp≤°p-‰-hm-fn-bmb Hcmsf

h[n-°m≥ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n A⁄m-]n-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

B hy‡n A\p-hmZw hmßn lpkq-dns‚ kZ-n¬ Hcp IhnX

tIƒ∏n-°p-Ibp≠mbn. B Ihn-X-bn¬ At±lw Xs‚ ]mW

kwc-£-W-Øn-\mbn ka¿∞-amb \ne-bn¬ At]-£n-°p-I-

bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Ihn-X-bpsS kmcmwiw Cßn-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Rm≥ Aß-bpsS kZ-n-te°v hcm≥ Xp\n-™-t∏mƒ Bfp-

26ZnIvsd Cemln

Iƒ ]d™p Rm≥ h[n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂.v ]s£ Rm\Xv hnizkn-

®n-√. F¥v! Rm≥ h∂p am∏p-tNm-Zn-®mepw Rm≥ h[n-°-s∏-

Sptam? AXv Hcn-°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. CXbpw ]mSn-b-t∏mƒ

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n DSs\ Xs‚ ta¬ hkvXw-sIm≠p At±-

lsØ ]pX∏n-°-Ibpw Bcpw At±-lsØ sIm∂p-t]m-I-cp-

sX∂v I¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. “Rm≥ sIm√-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-e√,

Ahn-izm-kn-bmb \ne-bn¬ sIm√-s∏- p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-em-bn-cp∂p

Rm≥ `b-s∏- n-cp-∂-Xv. ImcWw Ckvemw kXy-a-X-am-sW∂v

Rm≥ a\-n-em°n Ign-™n-cp∂p” F∂v ]n∂oSv At±lw

]d-™p. Cßs\bp≈ IhnXIƒ \_n

tIƒ°mdp≠mbncp∂p. F∂m¬ Cu kw`hßfn¬ \n∂v

\_n bpsS k∂n≤nbn¬ J∆men ]mSmdp≠mbncp∂

Xmbpw \rØw sh°mdp≠mbncp∂Xmbpw ssZhnI

kvt\lØns‚ IhnXIƒ Be]n®vsIm≠v klm_nIƒ

\rØw sh®v Ah¿°v t_m[£bw D≠mImdp≠m

bncp∂Xmbpw Hcn°epw sXfnbp∂n√. C∂v s]mXphmbn

]Ncn®psIm≠ncn°p∂ Cu coXnbnep≈ Zn°vdpIƒ F√mw

_nZvAØpIfmWv.

bp≤m-h-k-c-Ønepw dkq¬Xn-cp-ta\n IhnX tI´n- p-≠v. Hcp

klm_n ssk\y-ßƒ°v Bthiw ]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-°m-\mbn

Cßns\ ]mSn-bn-cp∂p “C∂v Rßƒ Pbn°pw; As√-¶n¬

Rßƒ acn°pw; Hcn-°epw Rßƒ ]n≥am-dp-I-bn√ ”.

ta¬ hnh-cn® kw -h-ß-fn¬ \ns∂√mw dkq¬ Xncp-ta-

\n IhnX tI´n-cp-∂Xv ‘ZnIv¿’ F∂ \ne-°m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-

∂pw XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p-

sh∂pw Ffp∏w a\-n-em-Ip-a-t√m. F∂m¬ C∂p ZnIvdns‚

kZ-p-I-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ kwKo-X-ßfpw Xmf-ta-f-ßfp-

sa√mw A¿∞-c-ln-X-am-Wv, _nZv-A-Øp-I-fm-Wv. ico-A-Øn\v

hn]-co-X-amb Imcy-ß-fm-Wv.

A©v Ah-ÿ-Iƒ

‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ sNøp∂hcn¬ t_m[-£-b-ap-≠m-Ip-

27ZnIvsd Cemln

∂-Xm-bnt´m Ah¿ A¥w hn v \neØp hogp-∂-Xm-bnt´m BSp-

Ibpw ]mSp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-bnt´m Xe-bn- -Sn-°p-∂-Xm-bnt´m

D≈ Hcp ]kvXm-h-\bpw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ImWp-I-bn-√.

adn®p Ah-cn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ ]Xn-I-c-W-ß-sf-Ip-dn®v B ]hnX

KŸw ]d-bp-∂Xv Cßn-s\-bmWv:˛

“A√mlphns\ ZnIvdv sNø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ kXy hnizm-

kn-I-fpsS lrZbw b-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv ”. (3-8)

“Xß-fpsS d∫ns\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿, A√m-lp-hns‚

ZnIvdns‚ thf-bn¬ Ah¿°v tcmam-©-ap-≠m-Ip-Ibpw Ah-cpsS

tZlw Xf-cp-Ibpw lrZbw b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p”. (24-39)

“dlvam-\mb A√m-lp-hns‚ Bb-Øp-Iƒ Ah¿°v HmXn-

t°ƒ∏n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ah¿ kpPq-Zn¬ hogp-Ibpw Ic-bp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AYhm Ah¿ Bcm-[-\-bn¬ apgp-Ip∂p”.

ZnIvsd Cemln sNøp-∂-h-cpsS Ah-ÿ-Iƒ.

1. Xß-fpsS \mY-\mb A√mlp hfsc D∂-X\pw ]Xm-]hm-

\p-am-sW∂v kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ a\-n-em-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Ah¿ ZnIvdv sNøp-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS lrZ-bw b-s∏-Sp-∂p; Ah-

cn¬ `oXn Df-hm-Ip-∂p.

2. b-Øm¬ Ah-cn¬ tcmam©w D≠m-Ip-∂p.

3. Ah-cpsS tZlw Xf¿∂p t]mhp-Ibpw lrZbw arZp-e-am-bn-

Øo-cp-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p.

4. Ah¿ kpPqZv sNøp-∂p. AYhm Bcm-[-\-bn¬ apgp-Ip-∂p.

5. Ah¿ I-c-bp-∂p.

28ZnIvsd Cemln

ZnIvsd Cemln sNøp-∂-h-cn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ ]kvXpX A©v

]Xn-I-c-W-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]kvXm-hn-®n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. AX-√msX BSp-I, ]mSp-I, \rØw sh°p-I, A¥w

hn´p hogp-I, A -l-kn-°p-I, t_m[-£-b-ap-≠m-IpI apX-emb

a‰p ]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-sa-¶n¬ B ]hnX KŸw AXpw

FSpØp ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXmbXv hnizmknIfpsS apºmsI

A√mlphns‚ ZnIv¿ sNøptºmƒ Ah¿ XßfpsS hkvXw

hen®v Iodn Zqsc FdnbpIbpw NmSpIbpw A´lkn°pIbpw

Xe Iogvt∏m´m°ns°m≠v Cf°pIbpw sNøp∂p. F∂m¬

Chbn¬ H∂vt]mepw A√mlp hnhcn®n´n√. AXpsIm≠v

Chs°m∂pw ZnIvsd Cemlnbpambn bmsXmcp

_‘hpan√msb∂v hy‡amIp∂p.

A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-ßƒ FX A¿∞-K¿ -am-Wv. CØcw

tNjvS-Isfsb√mw AXv BZ-yta Xs∂ Jfin-°p--∂p-≠v.

ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS kµ¿ -Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa∂v hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ ]d™ ]kvXpX A©v ]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ°v ]pdsa

AXn¬ ]d-™n- n-√mØ a‰p Nne ]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ IqSn D≠m-

Ip-∂-Xn\v F¥mWv XS--sa∂v Nne¿ ktµ-ln-t®-°mw.

F∂m¬ B ktµ-lhpw _p≤n iq\y-am-Wv. ZnIvsd Cem-ln-

bpsS kµ¿ -Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa∂p ]d™ ]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ°v

th≠n hnip-≤-Jp¿B≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]Z-ßƒ Xs∂

Ch-cpsS AØcw tNjvS-Isf Jfin-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv.

]kvXpX Jp¿-B≥ Bb-Øp-I-fn¬ ‘hP¬’ F∂pw

‘CJvindm¿’ F∂pw ‘Xeo≥’ F∂pw ‘PpeqZv ’ F∂pap≈ ]Z-

ß-fmWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ad_n `mj-bn¬ ‘hP¬’

F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w arZpeX F∂mWv. CXv

kam[m\sØ kqNn∏n°p∂ A¿∞amWv. F∂m¬ C∂sØ

kq^nIƒ BSm≥ XpSßp∂p. CXv ]kvXpX A¿∞Øn\v

XnI®pw hn]coXamb ]XnIcW amWv.‘CJvindm¿’ F∂p

]d-bp-∂Xv s]´∂v tcmam©w D≠m-hp-Ibpw Xcn®p \n∂p

t]mhp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ah-ÿ-°m-Wv. CXpw Cf-°hpw Nm -

29ZnIvsd Cemln

hp-a√ AS-°hpw HXp-°-hp-amWv kqNn-∏n°p-∂-Xv. AXp-t]mse

Xs∂ ‘Xeo≥ ’F∂pw ‘PpeqZv ’ F∂pap≈ ]Z-ßfpw `mj-

bn¬ AS-°hpw HXp-°hpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂- ]Z-ß-fm-Wv. Cf-

°-Øn\pw Nm -Øn\pw th≠n Ad_n `mjbn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-∂Xv ‘Yd_v ’ F∂ ]Z-am-Wv. kt¥mjw \nanØw \rØw

sh°p-I, IpXn®p NmSpI F∂mWv AXns‚ A¿∞w. ZnIvsd

Cem-ln-bpsS kµ¿`sØ hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥

Cu ]Zw Fhn-sSbpw D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xm-bn- Im-Wp-I-bn-√. B

kµ¿`Øn¬ D≠m-tI-≠-Xv ‘JpiqDw ’ ‘JpfqDw’ BWv.

AYhm bhpw ‡n-bpw. mj-⁄≥am¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv ‘Yd_v

’ F∂ ]Zw ‘Jpiq ’bn∂pw ‘Jpfq’ bn∂pw FXn-cm-b-Xm-sW-

∂m-Wv. AXm-bXv \rØw sh°epw Xp≈epw b- -‡n-s°-Xn-

cm-sW∂p hywKyw.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS kµ¿ -Øn¬ `b- -

‡nbpw Ic-®nepw AS-°hpw kpPqZpw a‰p-amWv D≠m-Ip-I.

D≠m-tI-≠Xpw AXp-s∂-bm-Wv. AXn-s\-Xn-cmb ‘Yd_n’ ¬

Dƒs∏Sp∂Nm´hpw Xp≈epw ]mSepw \rØ-hp-a√ D≠m-tI-

≠-Xv. Ckvemw a\p-jy\v _p≤nbpw hnth-Ihpw \ne-\n¿Øp-

∂Xpw a\p-jys\ t\¿am¿§-Øn¬ Ncn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-amb A≤ym-

]-\-amWv \¬Ip-∂-Xv. t_m[-£bap≠m°p-Ibpw hnVn-I-fm-

°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ A≤-ym-]-\-ßf√ \¬Ip-∂-Xv. B´hpw

Nm´hpw A¥w hn´p hog-ep-sa√mw Ahn-th-I-Øn-s‚bpw _p≤n-

lo-\-X-bp-sSbpw ê-am-Wv. AsXm-cn-°epw Ckvemans‚

A≤ym-]-\-am-Im≥ Xc-an-√. t_m[w sI v hogp-∂Xpw CjvS-I-

c-amb Hcp Imcy-a√. ASpØ _‘p-°ƒ ac-W-s∏- m¬ Ic-bp-

∂Xp Ckv emw \ntcm-[n-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw Aeapd Iqń Ic-bp-

∂-Xn-s\bpw t_m[w sI´p hogp-∂-Xn-s\bpw Ckvemw hntcm-

[n-°p-∂p. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n Hch-kcØn¬ Hcp kvXo Xs‚

aIs‚ I_-dn-\-Sp-Øn-cp∂p A£a ]I-Sn-°p∂Xp I≠-t∏mƒ

kvXotbmSv £a ssIsIm-≈m≥ D]-tZ-in-®p. Xm¶-fpsS Ipń

ac-W-s∏- n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ At∏mƒ ImWm-am-bn-cp∂p F∂m-bn-

30ZnIvsd Cemln

cp∂p B kvXobpsS ]Xn-I-c-Ww. AXv Ah-fpsS hnh-c-t°-

Sm-bn-cp-∂p. Xncp-\_n -bpsS FXtbm Ipń-Iƒ ac-W-s∏-

ń- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Aeapd Iq´p-∂Xpw t_m[-£-b-am-Ip-∂-Xp-sa√mw A£-

a-bp-sSbpw \ncm-i-bp-sSbpw e-am-bm-Wv. As√-¶n¬ AXp am\-

kn-I-amb _e-lo-\X Imc-W-am-Wv. am\-kn-I-amb Zu¿_eyw

ImcWw Bbmepw AsXmcp \√ Imcytam qj-Wtam A√-.

lkvdØv Pqss\-Zn(-dlv) s‚ Ime-Øp-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp alms\

Ipdn®v Fgp-X-s∏- n-cp∂p; At±-l-Øn\p ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS

kµ¿`-Øn¬ t_m[-£-b-ap-≠m-Im-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v.

injy≥am¿ AXns‚ Imc-WsØ Ipdn®v At±-l-tØmSv tNmZn-

®-t∏mƒ At±lw ]d-™Xv Rm\n-t∏mƒ hr≤\pw _e-lo-

\\pw Bbn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p- --∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. Rm\n-t∏mƒ Db¿∂

]Z-hn-bn¬ FØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂√ At±lw ImcWw ]d-

™-X.v C\n t_m[-£-b-ap-≠m-Ip-∂Xv \ncm-i-bp-sSbpw ]Xo-

£-bn-√m-bva-bp-sSbpw ê-am-bn- m-sW-¶n¬ AXpw icn-b-√.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]dbp∂p:˛

“A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-sØ-°p-dn®v \nßƒ \ncm-i-s∏´p

t]mI-cpXv; Ahn-izm-kn-I-f-√msX a‰mcpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Imcp-

Wy-sØ-°p-dn®p \ncm-i-s∏-Sp-I-bn√”. (kqd bqk^v --- - 87).

At∏mƒ \ncmi ImcWw h√-h¿°pw t_m[-£-b-ap-≠m-Ip-

∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah≥ Ahn-izm-kn-bmbn Xocp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-

Xv. am\-knI _e-lo-\X sIm≠mWv h√-h¿°pw t_m[-£-

b-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-sX-¶n¬ AsXmcp tcmK-amWv. AXns\ A\p-I-

cn-°p-∂Xv hnth-I-a-√.

klm-_n-am-cpsS ImeØpw CØcw Imcy-ßsf°pdn®v

N¿® D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. l: A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p kpss_¿ Xs‚

amXm-hmb lkvdØv Akva(-d)-tbmSv ZnIvdns‚ thf-bn¬

Nne¿°v t_m[-£-b-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ

31ZnIvsd Cemln

Ah¿ F∂v HmXp-I-bmWv

sNbvX-Xv. as‰mc-h-k-c-Øn¬ lkvdØv A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p

kpss_-dn s‚ ]nXm-a-ln-tbmSp Rm≥ Hcp ÿeØv t]mbn-

cp-∂p-sh∂pw Ahn-sS- Nn-e¿°v Jp¿-B≥ HmXp∂hk-c-Øn¬

t_m[-£bw D≠m-Ip-∂p-sh∂pw ]d™p. At∏mgpw

lkvdØv A_q-_-°¿ kn±o-Jn s‚ aI-fmb Akva(-d) Xs‚

]uX-t\mSv ]d-™Xv AXp ]nim-Nns‚ ]hrØn BsW-

∂m-Wv.

lkvdØv A_q-lp-ssd -bpsS Pmam-Xmhpw henb kz]v\

imkvX-⁄-\p-amb l: C_v\p koco-\n-s\(-dlv) ]‰n Hcp

dnt∏m¿ v D≠v. Hcmƒ hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ h√ hN-\hpw tI´m¬

t_m[-£-b-ambn hoWp-t]m-Ip-∂p-sh-∂v At±-l-Øns‚

ASpØ Hcmƒ ]d™p. CXv tI -t∏mƒ At±lw ]d-™Xv

Rm\Xv hniz-kn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ B Bsf Db¿∂ aXn-en¬

\n¿Øn-bn´v Jp¿-Bs‚ Hcp Bb-Ø√ apgp-h≥ Jp¿-B\pw

HmXn tIƒ∏n®p ]cntim[n°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. C∂pw ZnIvsd

Cemln sNøp∂ kZ-n¬ h√-hcpw t_m[-£-b-ap-≠mbn

hogp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Bfp-Iƒ A[n-I-ap≈ mK-tØ°v hogp-∂-

Xmbn ImWmw. Bfp-Iƒ ]nSn-°s´ F∂p Icp-Xnbpw ]cn-°p-

Iƒ A[nIw ]‰n-t∏m-I-cp-sX∂p Icp-Xn-bp-amWv Aßns\

sNøp-∂-Xv. A_-≤-Øn¬ as‰mcp mK-tØ°v hoWp t]mIp-

∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv thsd Imcy-am-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ ZnIvdp-IfpsS k-µ¿`Øn¬ ImWn®p hcp∂

AØcw tNjvS-I-sf√mw Bt£-]m¿l-amWv; \njn≤-am-Wv.

AXv a\p-jys‚ A≤ym-flo-Im-h-ÿsb \in-∏n®p Ifbp-∂-

h-bm-Wv. a\p-jys\ AXv Ipcßpw Ic-Sn-bp-ambn am‰p-I-bmWv

sNøp-∂-Xv. Ckvemw a\p-jys\ ae-°mbn Db¿Øm-\mWv

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

bYm¿Y ZnIvdp-Iƒ \mep-Xcw

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ hfsc i‡n-bmb \ne-bn¬ sNø-W-

32ZnIvsd Cemln

sa∂p I¬]n-®n-cn-°p∂ bYm¿∞-amb ‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ thsd

Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXv \mev hn[-Øn-em-Wv. Ahsb Dt]-£n-°p-I

F∂Xv- h-enb ]pWyw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ø-em--bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\m¬

Ahsb Hcn-°epw Isøm-gn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. AXn¬ H∂m-a-tØXv

\a-kvIm-c-- am-Wv. c≠m-a-tØXv Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-amWv; aq∂m-

a-tØXv A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW alm-fly-ßƒ G‰p ]d™p

sIm≠v \mhp-sIm≠v AXns\ Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v Dcp-hn-

Sp-I-bmWv; \mem-a-tØXv A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-a-lm-fly-ßsf

H‰°pw cl-ky-ambpw Dcp-hn-Sp-∂Xp t]mse Xs∂ A-hsb

P\Xm a≤y-Øn-epw Xpd∂v ]Jym-]n-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu \mep

Xcw ZnIv-dp-Ifpw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂v Xs∂ a\-n-em-

hp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXv a\p-jys‚ Bflob ]ptcm-K-Xn°v hfsc

AXym-h-iyhpw Hgn-®pIq-Sm-Ø-Xp-am-Wv.

C\n Rm≥ Cu \mev hn[ ZnIvdpIsf Ipdn®v ]d-™n-cn-

°p∂ sXfnhpIƒ Fs¥-√m-am-sW∂v ]d-bmw. \a-kvIm-c-sØ-

°p-dn®v A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

“Rm≥ Xs∂-bmWv A√m-lp. Rm\-√msX \n\°v as‰m-cm-

cm-[y-\n-√. AXn-\m¬ Fs∂ amXw Bcm-[n-°p-I. Fs∂ kvacn-

°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n \a-kvIm-csØ \ne-\n¿ØpI”. Cu Bb-

Øn¬ \n∂v a\-n-em-hp-∂Xv A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv

Ahs\ ZnIv¿ sNøm≥ th≠n ]d-t™-SØv AXns‚ Hcp

hnh£ tl! kXy hnizm-kn-Isf \nßƒ \a-kvI-cn-°pI

F∂m-Wv. as‰m-cn-SØv Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

\akvIcn°m≥ Xm°oXp sNbvX-tijw hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. “iXp-°-fn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ°v h√

33ZnIvsd Cemln

`oXnbpw Ds≠-¶n¬ \nßƒ \S∂p sImt≠m hml-\-Øn¬

k©-cn-®p-sImt≠m D≈ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Xs∂ \a-kvI-cn-°p-

I. \nßƒ°v kam-[m-\-hÿ ssI h∂m¬ Ah≥ ]Tn-∏n®

hn[-Øn¬ Xs∂ A√m-lp-hns\ ZnIv¿ sNøpI”. Cu Bb-

Ønepw \a-kvI-cn-°pI F∂-Xn\v ‘^ZvIp-dp-√ml’ AXmbXv

‘ZnIv¿ sNøpI’ F∂ ]Z-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Jp¿-

B-\n¬ CXp kw_-‘-ambn thsdbpw Bb-Øp-I-fp-≠v. Rm≥

Ct∏mƒ CXbpw sIm≠-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv.

c≠m-asØ ZnIv¿ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-am-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp -∂p:˛ “\mamWv Cu ZnIvdn (Jp¿-B≥)s\ Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \mw

X-s∂-bmWv AXns‚ kwc-£-I\pw” . ChnsS Jp¿-B≥ Cd-

-°n-b-Xns\ ZnIvdns\ Cd-°n-b-Xm-bn- mWv ]d™n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

At∏mƒ DZp-Ip-dp√ml F∂v Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-t™-SØv

AXns‚ Hc¿∞w \nßƒ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-I-sb-

∂p-Iq-Sn-bm-sW∂p a\-n-em-bn. as‰m-cn-SØv A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

“CXv A\p-K-lo-X-amb Hcp ZnIvdm-Wv. \mamWv Cu ZnIvdns\

Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-X.v F∂n´pw \nßƒ AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-I-

bmtWm?.” Cu Bb-Ønepw ]cn-ip≤ Jp¿-Bs\ ZnIv¿

F∂mWv hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

aq∂m-asØ ZnIv¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-a-lm-fly-ßsf G‰p

]d-bp-Ibpw Ahsb Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v Dcp-hn-Sp-I-bp-am-Wv.

AXn-\p≈ sXfnhv Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂pw ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. \a-

kvIm-c-Øn¬ Xs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-\m-a-ß-ƒ Dcp-hn-Sp-

∂-Xp-sIm≠v AXp-Xs∂ aXn-bm-Ip-sa-∂mWv Nne-cpsS A`n-

]m-bw. F∂m¬ AXp icn-b-√. \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p ]pd-sabpw

ZnIvsd Cemln Ds≠∂v Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂pw a\-n-em-hp-

∂p≠v. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

34ZnIvsd Cemln

“\a-kvI-cn®p Ign-™m¬ \n∂p-sIm≠pw Ccp-∂p-sIm≠pw InS-

∂p-sIm≠pw \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ ZnIv¿ sNøp-I”. CXp-

sIm≠v a\-n-em-hp-∂Xv Cu ZnIv¿ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p ]pd-sa-

bm-sW-∂m-Wv. \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Xs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW

alm-fly-ßsf D®-cn-°p-∂Xp aXn-bm-hp-sa-¶n¬ ]ns∂ \a-kvIm-

c-\¥cw A√m-lp-hns\ \n∂p-sIm≠pw Ccp-∂p-sIm≠pw InS-

∂p-sIm≠pw ZnIv¿ sNø-W-sa∂p F¥n\p I¬]n-°Ww?

as‰mcp ÿeØv A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:˛

“Aß-s\-bp≈h¿ apl-ΩZv \_n bpsS

kl-N-c-∑m-cm-Wv. Ah-sc, I®-hS CS-]m-Sp-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns\

ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw

k°mØp sImSp-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw XS-bp-∂n-√. (F-¥p-sIm-

s≠-∂m¬) Ah-cpsS IÆp-Iƒ°pw lrZ-b-ßƒ°pw Cf-°-

ap-≠m-Ip∂ Znh-ksØ Ah¿ `b-s∏-Sp∂p”. ChnsSbpw \a-

kvIm-c-Øn\v ]pdsa A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIvdns\ Ipdn®v FSpØp

]d-™-Xmbn ImWmw.

\mem-a-Xmbn ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ ZnIv¿ A√mlphns‚ KpW-

a-lm-fly-ßsf P\-ß-fpsS apºmsI Xpd∂p ]Jym-]n-°p-I-

sb-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:-

Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øn¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n tbmSv

I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv “Fgp-t∂¬°pI apgp-h≥ P\-ßƒ°pw

35ZnIvsd Cemln

ap∂-dnhv \¬Ip-Ibpw Xs‚ d∫ns‚ alXzw hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-

°p-Ibpw sNøpIsb∂mWv”. At∏mƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ D∂-X-

amb ÿm\ alm-fly-ßsf P\-ß-fpsS apºmsI hnh-cn®p

sImSp-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-sW-∂mWv CXn¬ \n∂v a\-n-em-

hp-∂-Xv.

]kvXpX \mev ZnIvdp-Iƒ sNøm≥ th≠n-bmWv A√mlp

\tΩmSp I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B ZnIvdp-Iƒ GXp Ia-Øn¬

sNø-W-sa-∂mWv \mw a\-n-em-t°-≠Xv? ZnIvdp-Iƒ c≠p

Xc-Øn-em-Wv. H∂v ^¿fp-I-fmWv (\n¿_-‘-am-b-h) c≠m-a-

tØXp \ -ep-I-fmWv (sF-—o-I-am-b-h). ChnsS \n¿_‘

\a-kvIm-c-ßƒ \ΩpsS Pam-A-Ønse Bfp-Iƒ icn°pw \n¿∆-

ln-°p-∂p-≠v. sF—o-I-amb \a-kvIm-c-ßsf kw_-‘n®v

A¬]w hnh-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

BZyw Jp¿-B≥ Fßn-s\-bmWv ]cm-bWw sNtø-≠Xp

F∂-Xns\ Ipdn®p Rm≥ hnh-cn-°mw. AXns\ Ipdn®v a\-n-

em-t°-≠p∂ Hcp Imcyw \nXyhpw ]Xn-hmbn \n›nX `mKw

Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNø-W-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. F√m Znh-khpw

Jp¿-Bs‚ CXbpw mKw HmXp-sa-∂p≈ Hcp \n›-b-ap-≠m-

bn-cn-°-Ww. C∂p Iptd A[nIw HmXpI \msf Xosc HmXm-

Xn-cn-°pI As√-¶n¬ Aev]w HmXn aXn-bm-°p-I-sb∂

kºZmbw icn-b√. AXp-sIm-s≠mcp ]tbm-P-\hpw D≠m-hp-

I-bn-√. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ \n›nX \ne-bn¬ \nXyhpw ]mcm-

bWw sNø-W-sa-∂p≈ Hcp Xocp-am-\-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. AXp

Hcp ‘Pqkp’ hmbncp∂mepw icn-, Ac Pqkp-hm-bn-cp-∂mepw

icn. Hcp Pqkphns‚ aq∂n-semcp Awi-am-bn-cp-∂mepw icn

\men-sem-cw-i-am-bn-cp-∂mepw icn. ]Xn-hmbn ]mcm-bWw sNø-

W-sa-∂p≈ Xocp-am-\-ap-≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-Wv.

AXn¬ Ipdthm hogvNtbm h∂p t]mI-cp-Xv. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-

\n ]d-bp-∂Xv a\p-jy≥ ÿnc-ambpw ]Xn-hmbpw sNøp∂

k¬°¿Ω-amWv A√m-lp-hn\p IqSp-X¬ CjvS-sa-∂m-Wv. AXn-

\m¬ A°m-cy-Øn¬ \ap°v hogvN h∂p t]mI-cpXv. hogvN

36ZnIvsd Cemln

hcp-Øp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v a\-n-em-hp-∂Xv Ah\v AXn¬ Xm¬]-

cy-an-s√-∂m-Wv. Xm¬]-cyhpw lrZ-b-_-‘hpw Cs√-¶n¬

lrZbw ]cn-ip-≤-am-hp-I-bn-√.

GsX-¶nepw KŸ-c-N-\-bn¬ apgp-Ip-∂-Xp-sImt≠m at‰-sX-

¶nepw ImcWw sImt≠m GsX-¶nepw Hcp Znhkw F\n°v

Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøm≥ km[n-®n-´n-s√-¶n¬ A∂p

F\n°v lrZ-b-Øn\p hfsc hnjaw tXm∂pw. a‰p Bcm-[-\-

I-fnepw AXns‚ ]Xn-I-cWw A\p- -h-s∏-Spw. AXn-\m¬ H∂m-

a-Xmbn \nXyhpw Jp¿B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøm\p≈ ]Xn-hp-

≠m-°-Ww. c≠m-a-Xmbn Jp¿-Bs‚ A¿∞w a\-n-em-°n-

s°m≠v ]mcm-bWw sNø-Ww. Jp¿-Bs‚ kmc-sa-¥m-sW∂v

a\-n-em-°m≥ km[n-°mØ hn[-Øn¬ [rXn-bn¬ ]mcm-bWw

sNø-cp-Xv. Ia-ambpw kmh-Im-i-Ønepw ]mcm-bWw sNtø-≠-

Xm-Wv. aq∂m-a-Xmbn Ign-bp-∂Xpw Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-

∂-Xn\p apºmbn ‘hpfzp’ sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. ‘hpfzp’ C√msX Jp¿-

B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-∂Xv Fs‚ A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ A\p-h-Z-

\o-b-am-Wv. Nne ]fin-X≥am¿ AXp icn-b-s√∂p ]d-™n- p-

≠v. Fs‚ A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ hpfzp- C-√msX ]mcm-bWw sNøp-

∂Xp ]mSn-√m-Ø-X-√. ]s£ \√Xpw A\p-tbm-Py-am-bXpw

^ehpw ]pWyhpw A[nIw e`n-°m≥ CS-bm-°p-∂Xpw hpfzp

sNbvXp-sIm≠p ]mcm-bWw sNø-p∂Xnem-Wv.

Jp¿-Bs‚ A¿Yw a\-n-em-hm-Ø-h¿ F¥p sNø-W-

sa∂v Hcp kvt\ln-X≥ tNmZn-°p-∂p. Aßn-s\-bp-≈-h¿ Jp¿-

Bs‚ A¿Yw ]Tn-°m≥ ian-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. apgp-h≥ Jp¿-Bs‚

A¿Yhpw ]Tn-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ GXm\pw Nne Jp¿-

B≥ hN-\-ß-fp-sS-sb-¶nepw A¿Yw ]Tn-°m≥ ian-t°-≠-

Xm-Wv. \nXyhpw ]Xn-hmbn HmXm≥ \nivNbn-®n-cn-°p∂ Jp¿-

Bs‚ mK-ßƒ HmXp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ A¿Yw Adn-bp∂

hN-\-ßfpw \nXyhpw ]mcm-bWw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

Jp¿-Bs‚ A¿Yw Adn-bmØ a‰p mK-ßƒ ]ns∂ HmXp-

∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]tbm-P-\-sa-¥msW∂v h√-hcpw tNmZn-°p-I-bm-

37ZnIvsd Cemln

sW-¶n¬ AXn-s\-°p-dn®v a\-n-em-t°-≠Xv GsXmcp ]hr-

Ønbpw kZp-t±itØmSpw \njvI-f-¶-ambpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

A√mlp AXn\p Xo¿®-bmbpw ]Xn- ew \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

h√-hcpw Jp¿-Bs‚ A¿Yw Adn-bmsX Xs∂ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-

bWw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ A√mlp Ahs‚ kZpt±iyhpw

\njvIf¶Xbpw IW°nseSpØpsIm≠v AXn\p Xo¿®-

bmbpw ]Xn- ew \¬Ip-∂Xm-Wv.

tIhew _mly-amb hN-\-ßƒ°pw kzm[o-\hpw ehpw

Ds≠-∂p≈ hkvXpX IqSn a\-n -em -t°-≠-Xp -≠v.

AXpsIm≠mWv Ipń-Iƒ P\n-®m¬ ImXn¬ _m¶v sImSp-°-

W-sa∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. B ka-

bØv Ipń-Iƒ°v H∂pw Xs∂ a\-n-em-°m\pw Adn-bm\pw

km[n-°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw AXv Ipń-bn¬ Hcp Xc-

Øn-ep≈ êhpw kzm[o-\hpw sNep-Øp-sa-∂p-≈Xv Xo¿®-

bm-Wv.

Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-Øn\v ]pdsa a‰p Nne ZnIvdp-Ifpw

Xkv_o-lp-Ifpw H‰-°n-cp-∂p-sImt≠m kZ-n¬ sht®m sNtø-

≠-Xp-≠v. Ah-bn¬ NneXv \n¿_-‘-hp-am-Wv. arK-ßsf Adp-

°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ XIv_o¿ sNmt√-≠Xv \n¿_-‘-am-W-

t√m. Adhv thf-bn¬ XIv_o¿ sNm√n-bn- n-s√-¶n¬ Aß-s\-

bp≈ arK-ß-fpsS amwkw \njn-≤-am-bn-cn-°pw. ZnIvdp-I-fn¬

thsd NneXv sF—o-I-am-b-Xm-Wv. Aßn-s\-bp≈ ZnIvdp-Iƒ

a‰p ]e kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ ]Xn-hm-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. AØcw ZnIvdp-

Isf dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n hfsc hn]p-e-am-°n-bn- p-≠v. hnhn[

kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-ambn A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIvdp-Isf

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. £Ww Ign-°m≥

XpS-ßp-tºmƒ _nkvan√mln ¿dlvam\n ¿dlow HmXm≥ th≠n

\n¿t±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ‘_nkvan’ HmXmsX `£Ww Ign-®m¬

hbdp \nd-bp-I-bn√ F∂√ AXns‚ A¿Yw. GsXm-cp-t±-i-

Øn\p th≠n-bmtWm \mw £Ww Ign-°p-∂Xv B Dt±iyw

]q¿Æ-ambpw ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-∂Xv ‘_nkvan’ sNm√n-°-gn°p∂

38ZnIvsd Cemln

`£Ww aptJ-\-bm-bn-cn-°pw. Aßns\ sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

\ΩpsS Bflo-b-Xbv°v henb ]tbm-P\w D≠m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

AXn-\m¬ GXv ]hr-Øn-bnepw A\p-Klw D≠m-bn-Øo-cm≥

th≠n AXns‚ Bcw`Øn¬ ‘_nkvan’ sNm√Wsa∂v \tΩmSv

\n¿t±-in-®n-cn-°-bm-Wv. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ AXv Ah-km-\n®p

Ign-™m¬ F∂v sNmt√-≠-Xm-Wv.

]pXnb hkvXw [cn-°p-tºmgpw ]pXnb h√ km[-\-ßƒ D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-tºmgpw A¬lwZpen-√mlv F∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v

A√m-lp-hn\v \µn tcJ-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. Zp-xJØns‚bpw

B]-Øn-s‚bpw kµ¿ -Øn¬ F∂v

]d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. \ΩpsS Ign-hn\v A∏p-d-Øp≈ h√ Imcyhpw

\sΩ t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ em lue hem Ip∆Ø C√m _n√mlv

F∂v ]d-tb-≠-XmWv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ hnhn[ kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ sNmt√-≠p∂ ZnIvdp-

I-fmWv ta¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m-h¿°pw Znh-k-Øn¬

kt¥m-jtam ZpxJtam D≠m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. kt¥m-jm-h-k-c-am-

sW-¶n¬ ‘A¬lwZp en-√m-ln- d-∫n¬ Be-ao≥’ F∂p ]d-bp-

I. ZpxJØns‚ Ah-k-c-am-sW-¶n¬ ‘C∂m-en-√mln h C∂m

Csseln dmPn-Du≥’ F∂p ]d-bp-I. A√mlp \tΩmSv ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂Xv “\nßƒ

Ccn-°p-tºmgpw \n¬°p-tºmgpw InS-°p-tºm-gp-sa√mw A√m-

lp-hns\ ZnIvdv sNøW” sa∂mWv. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n

hnhn[ kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-amb ZnIvdp-Iƒ \n›bn®p

Xcn-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. AX-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ

a\p-jy≥ F√m Ah-ÿ-bnepw A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIvdp-I-fn¬

G¿s∏- -h-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Hcmƒ h√ Hm^o-

knepw Ccp∂p ]h¿Øn-°p-tºm-gmWv Xs∂-°p-dn®v h√ kphn-

ti-jhpw tIƒ°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ B kµ¿ -Øn¬ A¬lw Zpen-

39ZnIvsd Cemln

√mlv F∂v ]d-bpI. \S-∂p-t]m-hp-tºm-gmWv h√ kphn-ti-

jhpw tIƒ°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ At∏mgpw A¬lw Zpen-√mlv F∂p

]d-bpI. InS-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-emWv Hcmƒ°v

h√ kt¥mj hm¿Øbpw e`n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ At∏mgpw Ah\v

A¬lw Zpen-√mln d∫n¬ Be-ao≥ F∂p ]d-tb≠-Xm-Wv.

Cßs\ hcp-tºmƒ \n∂p-sIm≠pw Ccp∂psIm≠pw In-S-∂p-

sIm≠pw A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIvdn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-s∂m-c-hÿ \ap-

°p-≠mbn hcp-∂p.

l: Pm_n¿ aptJ\ Xp¿apZn-bn¬ h∂n-cn-°p∂ Hcp

\nth-Z-\-Øn¬ dkq¬ Icow Acpƒ sNbvX-Xmbn Cßns\

]d-bp∂p: G‰hpw DØ-a-amb ZnIv¿

em Ceml C√-√mlv F∂mWv . ‘A√m-lp-h-√msX as‰m-cm-cm-

[y-\n√’ F∂mWXns‚ A¿∞w. a‰p Nne ZnIvdp-Iƒ°v hnhn[

Xc-Øn-ep≈ ta≥a-Ifpw al-Xz-ßfpw D≠v.

(kp_vlm\≈mln h_n lwZnln kp_vlm\ √mln¬

Afzow) F∂ ZnIvdns\-°p-dn®v dkq¬ Icow ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

F-∂m-Wv. AXm-bXv D®-cn-°m≥ hfsc Ffp-∏-am-bXpw \msf

]c-tem-IØv Xpem-kn¬ hfsc mc-ta-dn-bXpw dlvam-\mb A√m-

lp-hn\p ]nb-¶-c-am-b-Xp-amb c≠p hN-\-ßƒ BWv AsX-

∂m-Wv. CXpw Hcp D∂Xamb ZnIvdmWv. Cu ZnIvdn-s\-Ip-dn®v

l: akolv auDuZn ∂v Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ C¬lmw D≠m-bn-

´p-≠v. Hcn-°¬ lkvdØv akolv auDuZn \v Xosc kpJ-

an-√mØ Hc-h-ÿ-bp-≠m-bn. ISpØ tcmK-tØm-Sp-IqSn Xs∂

lpkq¿ Xl-÷qZv \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p th≠n Fgp-t∂-‰p.

F∂m¬ lpkq¿ Xe-Np‰n hoWp-t]m-bn. \a-kvI-cn-°m≥ Ign-

™n-√. At∏mƒ A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v C¬lmw D≠m-bn.

40ZnIvsd Cemln

Cßs\bp≈ Ahÿbn¬ Xl-÷qZv \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p ]Icw

InS-∂p-sIm≠v Xs∂ ta¬]-d™ ZnIv¿ sNm√n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

I-sb∂v. CXp-sIm≠v a\-n-em-hp-∂Xv B ZnIv¿ hfsc ][m-

\-am-bXpw al-Xz-ta-dn-b-XpamsW∂mWv. lZo-kp-I-fn¬ \n∂v

a\-n-em-hp-∂-Xv dkq¬ Icow ]kvXpX ZnIv¿ [mcm-f-ambn

sNm√m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv.

taep-≤-cn® c≠v ZnIvdp-Ifpw hfsc ][m-\-s∏´ ZnIvdp-I-

fm-sW∂v a\-n-em-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ ][m-\-s∏´

as‰mcp ZnIv¿ IqSn-bp-≠v. AXn-s\-°p-dn®v dkq¬ s‚ ]tXy-

I-amb \n¿t±iw tcJ-s∏´p ImWp-∂n-s√-¶nepw \ΩpsS _p≤n

a\-n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv AXpw D∂-X-amb ZnIv¿ Xs∂-bmWv

F∂m-Wv. AXv hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ hN-\-ßƒ ZnIv¿ F∂

\ne-bn¬ sNm√n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ

ZnIv¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ \mw sNm√n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

\ap-°-Xp-sIm≠v Cc´n ]Xn- ew e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. H∂v Jp¿-

B≥ ]mcm-b-W-Øn-s‚-Xv. as‰m∂v ZnIvdn-s‚-Xv.

ZnIvdv sNøp-tºmƒ ]men-t°≠ kq£-a-X-Iƒ

C\n ZnIvsd Cemln sNøp-tºmƒ ]men-t°≠ kq£va-X-

Isf°pdn®p ]d-bmw.

1) dkq¬ Icow ]d-bp-∂Xv a\-n\v aSp∏pw shdp∏pw

tXm∂p-∂X t\cw ZnIvsd Cemln sNø-cp-Xv.

2) a\-n\v kzÿ-Xbpw kam-[m-\hpw C√mØ kµ¿ -Ønepw

ZnIv¿ sNø-cp-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn AXym-h-iy-amb h√ tPmenbpw

sNøm-\p≈t∏mƒ ZnIv¿ sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \ΩpsS i≤

ZnIvdns‚ `mK-tØ°v tIµo-I-cn-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. B

ka-bØv ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-Xv- A√mlphns‚ hN-\sØ hne-bn-

√m-Xm-°n-Øo¿°pw. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ \mw Ip‰-°m-cm-bn-Øo-

cp-∂XmWv. AXn-\m¬ H∂m-a-Xmbn \ΩpsS a\v aSpØp

t]mhp-∂X kabw hsc ZnIv¿ sNø-cp-Xv. c≠m-a-Xmbn \ΩpsS

a\v at‰-sX-¶nepw hnNm-c-Øn¬ ebn-®n-cn-°p∂ kµ¿`-

Ønepw ZnIv¿ sNø-cp-Xv. Npcp-ßnb coXnbn¬ i≤ tIµo-I-

41ZnIvsd Cemln

cn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ ka-bwhsc ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-XmWv DØ-aw.

Hc-h-kcØn¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ho´n¬ h∂p Ib-dn-

b-t∏mƒ lkvdØv Bbn-i(-d)-tbmSv Hcp kvXo kwkm-cn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. F¥mWv kwkm-cn-®-sX∂p Bbn-

i(-d)-tbmSv Xncp-ta-\n At\z-jn-®p. Rm≥ hf-sc-t\cw C_m-

ZØv sNøm-dp-≠v F∂m-bn-cp∂p kvXn ]d™-sX∂p Bbn-

i(-d) ]d-™p.“CsXmcp ta∑-sbm-∂p-a√; IrXy-ambpw ]Xn-

hmbpw sNøp∂ Bcm-[-\-bmWv A√mlp CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂Xv”

F∂m-bn-cp∂pdkq¬ At∏mƒ ]d-™-Xv. \o≠-t\cw C_m-

ZØv sNøp-∂Xp sIm≠v A√mlp aSpØpt]mhp-I-bn√; a\p-

jy≥ Xs∂-bmWv aSpØp t]mhp-I. ]ns∂ Ahs‚ Bcm-

[\ Hcp ]tbm-P-\hpw C√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ AXncp

Ihn™v £oWn-°p-thmfw A[n-I-t\cw ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm-

≠p≈ tZmj- ew Ah≥Xs∂ A\p- -hn-t°≠n hcp-∂-Xm-

Wv.

A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p Awdn_v\p Bkn s\ Ipdn®p ]d-

b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv At±lw \√ Imb-_-e-ap≈ Hcp klm-_n-

bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. At±lw apgp cmXnbpw \a-kvI-cn-°m-

dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]I¬ t\mºv t\m¬°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

Hcp Znhkw sIm≠p Xs∂ Jp¿-B≥ apgp-h\pw HmXn-Øo¿°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Cu hnhcw Adn-™-t∏mƒ dkq¬ Xncp-

ta-\n AXp hntcm-[n-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. \a-kvI-cn-°p-

∂Xv cmXn-bpsS \men-semcp mKtam aq∂n-semcp mKtam Gdn-

bm¬ c≠n-semcp `mKtam amXta ]mSp-≈q-sh∂pw t\mºp-

t\m¬°p-∂Xp A[n-I-cn-®m¬ Hcp Znhkw hn v as‰mcp Znhkw

F∂ \ne-bn¬ Bbn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw Jp¿B≥ aq∂p Znh-

k-Øn¬ Ipd™ ka-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ HmXn ]q¿Øn-bm-°-cp-

sX-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂p lpkq-dns‚ I¬]-\. F∂m¬ Ipd-s®-¶nepw

A[nIw A\p-h-Zn®p In´p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Awdn_v\p Bkv

A`y¿∞n®p t\m°n-sb-¶nepw Xncp-ta-\n AXv A\p-h-Zn-

®n-√. Ah-km\w At±lw lpkq-dns‚ I¬]-\-b-\p-k-cn®p

42ZnIvsd Cemln

Xs∂ ]h¿Øn®p h∂p. At±-l-Øn\v hm¿≤Iyw ]m]n-®-

t∏mƒ At±lw hfsc ZpxJw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. At±lw ]d™p:

Rm≥ CXbpw sNøp-sa∂v lpkq-dn-t\mSv hm°p-sIm-Sp-Øp-

t]m-bn. Ct∏m-gm-sW-¶n¬ AXp Xs∂ sNøm≥ F\n°p km[n-

°p-∂n√; hfsc hnjaw tXm∂p-∂p. ZnIv¿ \√-Xm-sW-¶nepw

\√ Imcyhpw AXncp Ihn-™m¬ tZmj-hp-am-Wv. _ncn-bmWn

\√-Xm-sW-¶nepw A[nIw Ign-®m¬ Zl-\-t°-Sp-≠m-hp-sa-t√m.

AXp-t]mse Xs∂ ZnIvdpw IW-°n-e-[n-I-am-bm¬ \ΩpsS

Bflm-hn\v mc-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ]ns∂ Ime-I-a-Øn¬ ZnIvdn-

t\m-Sp-Xs∂ shdp∏pw aSp-∏p-amWv D≠m-hp-I. AXn-\m¬ kmh-

Im-i-Øn¬ kln-°m\pw hln-°m\pw Ign-bp∂ Xc-Øn¬

Bflm-hn¬ mcw Npa-Øp-I-bmWv th≠-Xv.

3) \mw ]men-t°-≠p∂ kq£-a-X, \ΩpsS ]IrXn

ZnIvdns‚ `mKØv Xm¬]cyw ImWn-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw Bcw- -

Øn¬ lrZ-b-sØ-s°m≠p \n¿_-‘n®p AXv sNøn-°p-I-sb-

∂-Xm-Wv. Xo¿®-bmbpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-sa∂p Dd® Xocp-am\w

FSp°pIbpw ]nimNv FX-Xs∂ ian-®mepw Rm≥ Ahs‚

hm°p kzoI-cn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. a\p-

jy≥ Cu \ne-bn¬ Xocp-am\w FSp°pI-bm-sW-¶n¬ \ΩpsS

]Ir-Xnsb \ap°v A\p-Iq-e-am-°n-s°m≠p hcm≥ km[n-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv. td -tS-°¨ Fs∂mcp ]kn≤\mb h°o-ep-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. Hcp tIn¬ At±-l-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn as‰mcp h°o¬

h°m-e-sØ-Sp-Øp. td -tS-°-t\mSv hmZn®p Pbn-°m≥ km[n-

°p-I-bn-s√∂v a\-n-em-°nb B h°o¬ Hcp X¥w

]tbmKn®p. aPn-kvtS-‰p-ambn kwkm-cn-°p∂ Hcp kµ¿ -Øn¬

kwkmc at≤y B h°o¬ aPn-kvtS-‰n-t\mSp ]d-™p. tdtS-

°s‚ hmZw, FX ka¿∞-\mb aPn-kvtS-‰m-bmepw Abmsf

X\n°\pIq-e-am°n am‰m≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂m-Wv. CXv tI -t∏mƒ

aPn-kvtS-‰n\p hmin-Iq-Sn. aPn-kvtS‰v Xocp-am-\n-®p, tdtS-°¨

FX ka¿∞-ambn hmZn-®mepw Xm≥ At±-l-Øn-\-\p-Iq-e-ambn

tIkv hn[n-°p-I-bn-s√∂v. Ah-km\w tdt -°s‚ tIkv aPn-

43ZnIvsd Cemln

kvtS-‰ns‚ apºmsI h∂p. tdtS-°¨ hfsc ka¿∞-amb

\ne-bn¬ hmZn-®p. ]s£ At±-l-Øns‚ hmZsØ aPn-kvtS‰v

Jfi-n-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. hnhn[ cq]-Øn¬ hmZn®p t\m°n-

bn´pw Ah-km\w aPn-kvtS v tIkv At±-l-Øn\p ]Xn-Iq-e-

am-bmWv hn[n-®-Xv. CXp a\-n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv, a\p-jy≥

Hcp Imcy-Øn-\p-th≠n ZrV-\n-›bw sNbvXm¬ B \n›bw

am‰m≥ a‰v Hcp i‡n°pw Ffp-∏-Øn¬ km[y-a-s√-∂m-Wv.

Bcw- -Øn¬ Cu Hcp \ne-]mSv Xs∂bmWv ZnIvsd Cem-ln-

bpsS Imcy-Ønepw \mw kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xv.

4) ZnIv¿ sNøptºmƒ i≤nt°≠ Hcp kq£va-X, ZnIv¿ sNøp-

tºmƒ tZlØn\p hnj-atam thZ-\tbm D≠m-hp∂ Ah-ÿ-

bntem ÿetØm ZnIv¿ sNø-cpXv F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. DZml-c-W-

ambn ZnIv¿ sNøm≥ Ccn°p∂ ÿeØv IpØp-Ibpw Xd-°p-

Ibpw sNøp∂ km[-\-ßƒ H∂pw Xs∂ D≠m-h-cp-Xv. Ds≠-

¶n¬ AXmZyw \o°w sNbvXn´p amXsa ZnIvdn¬ G¿s∏-Sm≥

]mSp-≈q.

5) ZnIvdn¬ \ap°v e`n-°p∂ Ahÿ F¥p Xs∂-bm-bmepw

AXv kzoI-cn-°m-\p≈ a\-xÿnXnbp≠m-I-Ww. BZy-L-´-

Øn¬ ZnIvdn¬ Xm¬]-cy-°p-dhpw Ai-≤bpw D≠m-bm¬

t]mepw Ime-I-a-Øn¬ Ahs‚ ]IrXn ZnIvdns‚ mK-tØ°p

Nm™p hcp-∂-Xm-Wv.

6) ZnIv¿ `b- ‡ntbm-Sp-IqSn sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. bYm¿∞ `b-

`‡n BZy-L- -Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬Xs∂ _mly-ambn

`b- ‡n tXm∂n-°p∂ Hc-hÿ \mw D≠m-°-Ww. Nne Imcy-

ßƒ Bcw- -Øn¬ IrXn-a-am-bp≠m°m≥ ian-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ ]n∂o-SXv bYm¿∞-ambnØs∂ D≠mbn hcp-∂-Xm-Wv.

AXn-\m¬ `b- -‡n-bp-≠m-°m-\p≈ iaw \S-Øp-Ibpw Ic-

®n-ens‚ \ne-]mSv _mly-ambn D≠m-°n-Øo¿°m≥ ian-°p-

Ibpw sNtø-≠-X-sX. AXns‚ ^e-ambn Ime-I-a-Øn¬

bYm¿∞-amb b- ‡n Xs∂ D≠m-bn-Øo-cpw.

Hcp s]m -k-sd-Ip-dn®p ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p; At±lw BZyw

44ZnIvsd Cemln

hfsc ab-ap≈ lrZ-b-tØmSp-Iq-Snb Bfm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬

]n∂oSv At±lw ISpØ lrZ-b-ap-≈ Bfmbn amdn-t∏m-bn.

At±-l-Øns‚ arZpe kz`mhw Imc-W-ambn At±-l-Øn\p

hfsc hnjaw t\cn-tS-≠-Xmbn h∂n-cp-∂p. A°m-c-W-Øm¬

At±-l-Øn\p Xs‚ kz`m-h-Øn¬ Hcp am‰w hcp-Øm≥ Xocp-

am-\n-®p. Aßns\ At±lw Xs‚ ]Ir-Xn°v hncp-≤-amb \ne-

bn¬ Bfp-I-tfmSp Iqc-ambn s]cp-am -dm≥ XpS-ßn.

At±lØns‚ ]IrXw teme-ambncps∂¶nepw X¬ -e-ambn

kmh-Im-i-Øn¬ At±-lØns‚ ]IrXn ISp-∏-ap-≈-Xm-bn-

Øo¿∂p. s]m -k¿ Xs‚ ]Ir-Xn-sbbpw kº-Zm-b-sØbpw

Xn∑-bpsS `mK-tØ-°mWv sIm≠p t]mb-Xv. \nßƒ \nß-

fpsS ]Ir-Xnsb \∑-bpsS mK-tØ°v sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥ ian-

°p-I. Aßns\ sNbvXm¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw \nß-fn¬ sas√-

sas√ bYm¿∞-amb `b-`‡n D≠mbn hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp

Znhkw Hcp sk°-s‚-¶nepw bYm¿∞-amb `b- ‡n D≠m-

°m≥ Ign-™m¬ c≠masØ Znhkw AXp IqSp-X¬ kabw

D≠m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-km\w Xo¿®-bmbpw \nßƒ°-

Xn¬ hnPbw ssIh-cp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

ZnIv¿ sNtø-≠Xp hfsc Bh-iy-am-sW∂p hy‡-ambn.

C\n AXv GsX√mw ka-bØv thW-sa∂v a\-n-em-t°-≠n-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:˛

“\akvImcw \n¿∆-ln®p Ign-™m¬ \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\

\n∂p-sIm≠pw Ccp-∂p-sIm≠pw InS-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bnepw

kvacn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I(-ZnIv¿ sNbvXp sIm≠n-cn-°p-I)”. kZm-

k-a-bhpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIvdn¬ \mw G¿s∏-Sp-I-bmWv th≠-

Xv. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n -sb Ipdn®v Bbni kn±o-J(-d) ]d-bp-

∂Xv:˛

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n

45ZnIvsd Cemln

kZm-k-a-bhpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIvdn¬ apgpInbn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-

Wv. F∂m¬ Nne ]tXyI kabw ZnIvdn-\p-th≠n hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn a\-n-em-°mw. AXv

]d-bp∂p:˛

“\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ ‘_pIvd’ ‘Akoe’ F∂o

ka-b-ß-fn¬ kvacn-°p-I.” Cu c≠p ka-bhpw ssZhkvac-

W°v hfsc DØ-aambXm-sW∂v a\-n-em-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

‘_pIvd’ sb∂v Ad-_n-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv ]`mXw apX¬ kptcym-

Zbw hsc-bp≈ ka-b-Øn-\m-Wv. AXn-\m¬ ]`mX \a-kvIm-

cm-\-¥cw kptcym-Zbw hsc-bp≈ ka-bØv ‘ZnIv¿’sNø-W-sa-

∂mWv a\-n-em-hp-∂-Xv. as‰mcp ka-bw ‘Akoe’bmWv

‘Ako¬’F∂v Ad_n `mj-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv Ak¿

( kmbm”w) apX¬ kpcym-kXva\w hsc-bp≈ ka-b-Øn-\m-

Wv. AXn-\m¬ B ka-bhpw ZnIv¿ sNøm-\p≈ \√ Ah-k-c-

am-sW∂p a\-n-em-bn.

ZnIvdn-\p≈ aq∂m-a-sØbpw \mem-a-sØbpw A©m-a-

sØbpw kabw Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂p a\-n-em-hp-∂-Xp -C-Xm-

Wv.

“kqtcym-Z-b-Øn\v apºpw kqcym-kvX-a-\-Øn\p apºpw (Cu

c≠v ka-b-sØ-Ip-dn®pw apºp ]d™p Ign™p) cmXn ka-

b-ß-fnepw ]I-ens‚ c≠-‰-ß-fnepw \o \ns‚ d∫ns\ kvXpXn-

°p-Ibpw kvtXmXw sNøp-Ibpw sNøpI: \ns‚ BK-l-ßƒ

]q¿Øn-bm-hm≥ th≠n.” Cu Bb-Øn¬ BZyw ]d™ c≠p

ka-b-ßƒ°p ]pdsa kptcym-Z-b-Øn\p tij-ap≈ ka-bhpw

cmXn-bpsS BZy-sØbpw Ah-km-\-sØbpw mKhpw ZnIvsd

46ZnIvsd Cemln

Cem-ln°v hfsc ]tbm-P-\-I-c-amb ka-b-am-sW∂p a\-n-

em-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

ZnIv¿ sNøm-\p≈ Bdm-asØ kabw F√m Hmtcm \a-

kvIm-cm-\-¥-c-hp-am-Wv. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n Cu ka-b-ß-fn¬

]Xn-hmbn ZnIv¿ sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Aßns\ AXp Hcp

kp∂-Øm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. C_v\p A∫m-kv ]d-

bp-∂Xp:˛

F∂ ZnIv¿

tIƒ°p-tºmƒ \a-kvImcw Ah-km-\n-®p-sh∂p Rßƒ a\-

n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. At∏mƒ \a-kvIm-cm-\¥cw

sNtø≠ Hcp ZnIv¿ CXm-sW∂p a\-n-em-bn. as‰mcp ZnIv¿

kp_-lm-\-√m-lv, A¬lw-Zp-en-√m-lv, A√mlp AIv_¿ F∂

ZnIvdp-I-fm-Wv. CXn¬ BZysØ c≠pw 33 ]mh-iyhpw Ah-

km-\-tØXv 34 ]mh-iyhpw sNms√--≠XmWv. Cu ZnIvdns\

Ipdn®p hnhn[ cq]-Øn¬ dnt∏m¿´v sNø-s∏- n- p-s≠-¶nepw

]_e-amb \nth-Z\w Cu hnh-cn® coXn-bn¬ Xs∂-bm-sW-

∂mWv a\-n-em-hp-∂-Xv.AXmbXv BZysØ c≠v ZnIvdpIfpw

33 ]hiyhpw aq∂matØXv 34 ]mhiyhpw sNm√pI. \a-

kvIm-cØn\v tijap≈ kabw ZnIvdn\p \√ ka-b-am-sW∂p

a\-n-em-bn. B kabw Xo¿®-bmbpw ZnIvdv sNmt√≠XmWv.

Fs∂bpw Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv A∆-¬ hns\bpw lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv ans\bpw I≠psIm≠v Rßƒ \a-kvIm-

cm-\-¥cw ZnIv¿ sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂pw Nne¿ sX‰n-≤-cn-

®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXp icn-b-√. lZvdØv akolv auDuZv apw

Jeo^Øp¬ akolv A∆epw ZnIv¿ sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Rm\pw sNøm-dp-≠v. ]s£ D®-Øn¬ sNøm-dn-s√∂p

amXw.AXn\m¬ \akv°mcØn\v tijw A\nhmcyambpw

ZnIvdv sNtø≠XmWv.

ZnIvdns\ kw_-‘n®v a‰p Nne kq£v-a-X-Iƒ ]men-t°-

≠-Xp≠v. lZo-kn¬ hy‡-am-Ip∂ Nne kµ¿ -ß-fn-sem-gnsI

47ZnIvsd Cemln

kZ-n¬ sh®v i_v≤-ap-b¿Øn ZnIv¿ sNø-cp-Xv. Aßns\

sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Nne-t∏mƒ ]IS\mflIX kwPmXamIm≥

CS-h-cp-∂-XmWv; a‰p-≈-h¿°v AXp \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw

ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-Xn\pw hnj-a-ap-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

Hm¿Ω-sh-bvt°-≠p∂ as‰mcp Imcy-an-Xm-Wv. ]pXp-Xmbn

kzoI-cn-°p∂ Nne kº-Zmbw \ap°p `mc-am-bn -tXm-∂n-tb-

°mw. AXp sNøm≥ lrZbw ssha-\kyw ImWn-®p-sh∂pw

hcmw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Nne¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-Xn¬

lrZb km∂n≤yw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√m-sb-∂v. F∂m¬ GsX-¶nepw

Hcp Ie-bn¬ Hcp hy‡n Hcp Znh-kw-sIm≠p ]q¿Æ-\m-bn-

Øo-cptam? Hcn-°-ep-an-√. ]s£ sas√ sas√ Aev] Ime-Øn-

\p-ti-j-amWv AXn-e-h≥ \n]p-W-\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬

Bcw- -Øn¬ ZnIvsd Cem-ln-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Ah\v lrZb

km∂n≤yw D≠m-hp-∂n-s√-¶nepw Ah\v AXp mc-am-bn-tØm-

∂p∂p-sh-¶nepw AXn-e-h≥ ]cn`an-t°-≠-Xn-√. Ia-Øn¬

lrZbw AXn¬ CW-ßn-t®-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ AXn-\p-

th≠n ZnIv¿ \ne-\n¿Øn-t∏m-tc-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv.

Nne¿ ]d-bm-dp≈Xv ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ Hcp Xcw B\-

µhpw A`n-cpNnbpw D≠m-Im-dp-s≠-∂v. ]s£ am\-kn-I-amb

B\-µhpw A`n-cp-Nnbpw \mw At\z-jn-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

ZnIv¿ sNøp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ \ΩpsS e£yw B\µw e`n-

°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv. AsXmcp Bcm-[-\-bm-sW∂p Icp-

Xn-bm-bn-cn-°Ww \maXv \n¿∆-ln-t°-≠-Xv. B\µw bYm¿∞-

amb Dt±-i-a√; bYm¿∞-amb e£yw Bcm-[-\-bm-Wv. Bcm-

[\ kzoIm-cy-am-Ip-∂Xv AXv Bcm-[-\-bm-sW∂p IcpXn sNøp-

tºm-gm-Wv.

ZnIv¿ sNøm≥ Nne Znh-k-ß-fn¬ a\-n\p hnIm-khpw

A`n-cp-Nnbpw D≠m-Ip-∂p-sh-¶nepw a‰p Nne Znh-k-ß-fn¬ a\-

n\v CSp-°hpw kXw-`-\m-h-ÿbpw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-sh∂p

Nne¿ ]d-bp-∂p. Aßns\bp≈-hcpw ]cn-`-an-t°-≠-Xn-√.

kvXw -\m-h-ÿbpw CSp-°hpw F√m-X-c-°m-cmb Bfp-I-fnepw

48ZnIvsd Cemln

D≠m-Im-dp-≠v. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ Hcp klm_n dkq¬ Xncp-ta-

\n- bpsS kZ-n¬ h∂n´p ]d™p: ‘lpkq¿, Rm≥ I]S

hnizm-kn-bmWv.’ lpkq¿ ]d™p: A√; \nßƒ apk¬am-

\mWv; At±lw ]d™p Rm≥ Aß-bpsS apºmsI hcp-

tºmƒ kz¿§hpw \c-Ihpw Fs‚ I¨ap-ºmsI Zriy-am-Ip-

∂-Xp-t]mse tXm∂p∂p; ho´n¬ Xncn-®p-sN-√p-tºm-ƒ B Hc-

hÿ C√m-Xm-hp-∂p. Xncp\_n ]d™p: AtX Ah-ÿ-

Xs∂ kZm-k-a-bhpw \nß-fn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

\nßƒ acn®p t]mIpw. hmkvX-h-an-Xm-Wv, F√m ka-bhpw

a\p-jy-\n¬ Htc Ah-ÿ-Xs∂ D≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]ns∂

Ah hnI-kn-°m\pw ]ptcm-KXn ]m]n-°m-\p-ap≈ Ignhv hn\-

jvS-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bmWv sNøp-I. AXn-\m¬ A√mlp Nne-t∏mƒ

a\p-jys\ Ahs‚ bYm¿∞ ÿm\-Øp-\n∂p Xmtgm´v

sIm≠v hcp-∂p. AXv Ah≥ IqSp-X¬ Db-c-Øn¬ Ib-dn-®m-

Sm\pw Db¿∂ ]Zhn Ic-ÿ-am-°m\pw th≠n-b-sX. Nne-t∏mƒ

A√mlp Ahs\ ta¬t∏m- p-b¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

kvXw -\m-h-ÿ-sb-Ip-dn®v a\-n-em-t°-≠p∂ Imcyw, Hcp

Xc-Øn-ep≈ CSp-°hpw kvXw -\m-h-ÿbpw \√-Xpw as‰mcp

Xc-Øn-ep-≈Xv NoØ-bp-am-sW-∂m-Ip-∂p. AXp Xncn-®-dn-tb-

≠Xv Cß-s\-bmWv. ZnIv¿ sNøp-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ Bflo-bm-

`n-cp-Nn-sb-°p-dn®v Hcp ]Zhn \n›-bn-°p-I. DZm-l-c-W-ambn

H∂masØ ]Z-hn. AXn\p apIfn¬ c≠pw aq∂pw \mepw

A©pw ]Z-hn-Iƒ F∂nßs\bp≠v. c≠mw ]Z-hn-bn-ep≈

Hcm-fn¬ kvXw -\m-hÿ D≠m-hpIbpw AXv Ahs\ H∂mw

]Z-hn-bn-te°v XmgvØp-I-bp-amWv sNøp-∂-sX-¶n¬ B kvXw-

-\m-hÿ Ahs\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw NoØb-√. AXv Ah-

\n¬ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bp-≠m-°m-\p≈ kvXw -\m-h-ÿ-bm-sW∂p

Icp-Xmw. F∂m¬ \memw ]Z-hn-bn-ep≈ Hcmsf kvXw -\m-hÿ

aq∂n\p ]Icw c≠m-a-sØtbm H∂m-a-sØtbm ]Z-hn-bn-te-

°mWv XmgvØp-∂-sX-¶n¬ B kvXw -\m-hÿ Ahs\ kw_-

‘n-®n-StØmfw B]¬°-c-amWv. AØ-c-°m¿ IqSp-X¬ kml-

49ZnIvsd Cemln

k-s∏ v ]cn-i-an-t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv.

\a-kvImcw

C\n Rm≥ \a-kvIm-c-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bmw. CXp hfsc

Bh-iy-am-bXpw ][m-\-s∏- -Xp-amb ‘ZnIv¿’ BWv. F¥p-sIm-

s≠-∂m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ a\p-jy≥ \n∂v sIm≠pw Ip\n-

™p-sIm≠pw (dp-Iq-Av) kmjvSmwKw ]Wan®psIm≠pw (kp-

Pq-Zv) Ccp∂p sIm≠p-sa√mw ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂p. IqSmsX \a-

kvIm-c-Øn¬ Jp¿-B≥ HmXp-∂p, thsd Nne ZnIvdp-Ifpw sNøp-

∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬ ]e-hn[ ZnIvdp-I-fp-sSbpw kΩn-i-amb Hcp

Bcm-[-\-bmWv \a-kvIm-c-sa∂v ]d-bmw. hfsc hniZoIcWw

Bhiyamb Hcp hnjbambXn\m¬ XpS°Øn¬ Rm≥

CXns\ hn´pIf™Xmbncp∂p. F∂m¬ CXns\ Ipdn®v

A¬]w hniZoIcn°pIbmWv.

\a-kvImcw aq∂p Xc-Øn-em-Wv. 1) ^¿fv 2) kp∂Øv 3)

\^¬. ^¿fv \a-kvIm-chpw kp∂Øv \akv°mchpw

F√mhcpw \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂p≠v. kp∂Øp \a-kvImcw \n›-

bn®ncn-°p-∂Xv ^¿fv \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ h∂v t]mtb-°m-\n-S-

bp≈ sX‰p-Iƒ°pw Ipd-hp-Iƒ°pw Hcp ]cn-lm-c-am-bn-Øo-

cm≥ th≠n-bm-sW∂v a\-n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ssZh k∂n-[n-

bn¬ ]q¿Æ-amb \a-kvIm-c-a-√msX A]q¿Æ-amb \a-kvImcw

kzoImcy-am-hp-I-bn-√. ^¿fp \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw

\yq\X h∂p t]mbm¬ kp∂Øp \a-kvImcw aptJ\ AXv

]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Hmcmƒ°v \a-kvIm-

c-Øn¬ Hcp dIA-Øn¬ h√ Nn¥-Ifpw ImcWw icn°pw

i≤ tIµoI-cn-°m≥ km[n-®n-s√∂p h∂m¬ A°m-c-W-

Øm¬ Ahs‚ B dIAØv kzoIm-cy-am-bn-s√∂p hcmw.

AXn\p ]Icw kp∂Øp \a-kvImcw AXn\p ]cn-lm-c-am-bn-

Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. dkq¬ Xncpta\n °v a\p-jys‚ am\-kn-I-

\ne \∂mbn Adn-bmw. AXn-\m-emWv Xncp\_n

^¿fpItfmsSm∏w kp∂Øpw \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXv

B ]pWy-]p-am≥ kap-Zm-b-Øn\p sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ hen-sbmcp

50ZnIvsd Cemln

\∑-bm-Wv.

C\n \ -ep-I-sf-Ip-dn-®mWv a\-n-em-°m-\p-≈-Xv. AXv

A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao]yw Ic-ÿ-am-°m-\p≈ am¿§-am-Wv. AXv

a\p-jys\ tam£-Øn\p ]pdsa D∂-X-amb ]Zhn Ic-ÿ-am-

°m≥ klm-bn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao]yw

Ic-ÿ-am-°m≥ BK-ln-°p-∂-h¿ \ -en-bmb (sF-—o-I-am-

b) \a-kvIm-c-ßƒ A[n-I-ambn sNøm≥ ian-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

]e \^ven-bmb \a-kvIm-c-ßfpw D≠v. NneXv ]I-e-\p-jvTn-

t°-≠-h, NneXv cmXn-b-\p-jvTn-t°-≠-h. a≤ycmXn Ign™p

A\p-jvTn-°p-s∂mcp \^¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v Xl-÷qZv \a-

kvIm-c-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p.-AXp ][m-\-s∏´ Hcp \a-kvIm-c-am-

Wv. AXns‚ al-Xz-sØ-Ip-dn®v A√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬

Cßn-s\-bmWv hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

“cmXn-bn¬ Fgp-t∂‰v \a-kvI-

cn-°p-∂Xp Bflm-hns\ \nb-¥n-°p-∂-Xn\pw kwkm-csØ

EPp-hm-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ G‰hpw \√ am¿§-am-Ip∂p.”

‘Xlv÷qZv’\a-kvIcn°p-∂-h¿°v hºn® Bflob ]cn-jvI-

c-W-ap-≠m-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ]tXy-I-amb Bflob Ignhpw

i‡nbpw e`y-am-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw A\p- hw aptJ\ a\-n-

em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. _lp-am-\y-cmb klm-_n-am¿ ]ecpw AXp

]Xn-hmbn \n¿∆ln°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sF—o-I-amb \a-kvIm-

c-am-bn-cp-∂n v t]mepw ‘Xlv÷qZv’ klm_namcn¬ Bscemw

\n¿∆-ln-°m-dp≠v, Bsc√mw \n¿∆-ln-°m-dn√m F∂v a\-n-

em-°m≥ th≠n dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n cmXn kabw Np‰n-

°dßn t\m°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ Hcp kZ-n¬

sh®p A_vZp-√m-ln-_v\p -D-a-dn s\ Ipdn-®p≈ ]kvXm-h-ap-

≠m-bn. At±lw \s√mcp hy‡n-bm-sW∂pw At±-l-Øn¬

]e \√ KpW-ßfpw Ds≠∂pw Bfp-Iƒ ]d-™p. CXp-tI- -

t∏mƒ dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ]d™p ‘AtX, At±lw, \s√m-

cmfp Xs∂-bmWv; At±lw ‘Xlv÷qZv’ IqSn \a-kvI-cn-°p-sa-

51ZnIvsd Cemln

¶n¬. A_vZp-√m-ln-_v\p -D-a-¿ bphm-hm-bn-cp-∂p. ‘Xlv÷qZv’

\a-kvI-cn-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ At±lw aSn-Im-Wn°mdp≠mbn-

cp∂p . AXn-\m-em-bn-cp∂p dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n Cu hn[-Øn¬

CXn-te°v At±-l-Øns‚ i≤ Xncn-®-Xv.

lZvdØv dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n Acpƒ sNøp-I-bm-Wv. cmXn

kabw Xlv÷qZv \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n kzbw DW-cp-

Ibpw Xlv÷qZv \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw `mcysb Xlv÷qZv \a-

kvI-cn-°m-\mbn DW¿Øp-Ibpw DW¿∂n-s√-¶n¬ apJØp

sh≈w IpS-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ¿Øm-hn-s‚bpw AXp-t]mse

Xs∂ cmXn kzbw DW-cp-Ibpw Xlv÷qZv \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw

Xlv÷qZv \a-kvI-cn-°m-\mbn `¿Øm-hns\ DW¿Øp-Ibpw

DW¿∂n-s√-¶n¬ apJØp sh≈w IpS-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂ mcy-

bpsS bpw ta¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-Klw D≠m-I-s -. ¿Øm-

hns\ _lp-am-\n-°-W-sa∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ dkq¬ Xncp-

ta\n Xs∂-bmWv ChnsS Xlv÷qZv \a-kvIm-c-Øn\pW¿

Øm-\mbn `¿Øm-hns‚ apJØv sh≈w IpS-bm-\p≈ A\p-

hmZw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Xlv÷qZv \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p FX henb

]m[m-\y-amWv B ]pWy-]qam≥ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v

CXn¬\n∂pw a\-n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. cmXn-bn¬ Fgp-t∂‰v

\a-kvI-cn-°p-∂Xp Bflm-hns\ kwkvI-cn-°p-sa∂v hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p. A°m-c-W-Øm-emWv c≠v d°-A-sØ-

¶nepw Xl-÷qZv Xo¿®-bmbpw \a-kvI-cn-t°-W-sa∂v dkq¬

Xncp-ta-\n klm-_n-h-cy≥am-tcmSv B⁄m-]n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.

cmXn-bpsS Ah-km-\-bm-a-Øn¬ A√mlp ASpØv hcp-∂p-

sh∂pw ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ hfsc A[n-I-ambn kzoI-cn-°p-∂p-

sh∂pw lZo-kp-I-fn¬ \n∂p sXfn-bp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Xl-

÷qZv \a-kvI-cn-t°-≠Xv hfsc Bh-iy-am-sW∂pw hfsc

]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-sW∂pw a\-n-em-hp-∂p.

Xl-÷qZv \a-kvI-cn-t°-≠Xv Bh-iyhpw ]tbm-P-\-I-

chpw Xs∂-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Xlv÷q-Zn\v th≠n cmXn-bn¬

Fßs\ DW-cm≥ km[n°pw F∂-XmWv ]iv\w. AXn-\p-

52ZnIvsd Cemln

th≠n \nm-c-amb Hcp hgn Rm≥ BZyw ]dbmw; AXn¬

Nne tZmj-ß-fp-s≠-¶nepw C°m-e-Øv- A-emdw LSn-∏n-®n-cn-

°p∂ ssSw]okv e`n°p∂Xm-W-t√m. AXp-ap-tJ\ cmXn-bn¬

DW-cm≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ AXv ]tbm-P-\-I-c-amb

am¿§-a-s√-∂mWv F\n°v a\-n-em-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-≈-Xv.

ImcWw \n›nX ka-bØp ssSw]okv DW¿Øp-sa∂ hnizm-

k-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v kzbw DW¿∂p \a-kvI-cn-°m\p≈ i≤bpw

hnNm-chpw \ap°v D≠m-Ip-∂-X-√. At∏mƒ kzbw DW¿∂p

\a-kvI-cn-°pI F∂ \∑ \ap-°nh-√m-Xm-Ip∂p. F∂m¬

kzbw DW-c-W-sa-∂ D-t±-i-ytØmSpw i≤-tbmSpw IqSn-bmWv

Hcmƒ Dd-ßp-∂-sX-¶n¬ Abm-fpsS cmXn-bnse apgp-h≥ Dd-

°hpw Hcm-cm-[-\-bm-bn-Øo-cp-I-bmWv sNøp-I. F∂m¬

Aemdw aptJ\ DW-cm-\p-t±-in-°p∂ Hcmƒ aSn-Im-cWw

Aemdw \n¿Ø¬ sNbvXp XpS¿∂p-d-ßn-sb∂pw hcmw. DWc-

W-sa∂ Dt±-iy-]q¿∆w Dd-ßp∂ Hcmƒ \n›nX ka-bØv DW-

cpI Xs∂ sNøpw. Aemdw aptJ\ DW-cp∂ Bƒ°v \a-

kvIm-c-Øn¬ Dd°w hcp-∂-Xmb Bh-emXn D≈-Xmbpw

ImWmw. AXns‚ Imc-Whpw Ah¿ kzbw DW-cp-∂-h-c-√,

Aemdw aptJ\ DW-cp-∂-h-cmWv F∂Xp Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXn-

\m¬ Cu am¿§w henb ]tbm-P-\-I-c-amb am¿§-a-√. ]s£

Bcw- -L- -Ønepw ]tXyIw Nne kµ¿ -ß-fnepw ]tbm-P-

\-I-c-am-bn-Øo¿t∂-°mw.

Xl÷pZn\v DWcp∂Xn\p≈ am¿§ßƒ

Fs‚ A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ cmXn ‘Xlv÷qZv’\v th≠n DW-

cm≥ klm-b-I-am-bn-Øo-cp∂ am¿§-ßƒ ]Xn-aq-∂p-≠v. B

am¿§-ßƒ A\p-k-cn®p h√-hcpw ]h¿Øn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

A√m-lp-hns‚ A-\p-K-l-Øm¬ Ah¿°p hnPbw Ic-ÿ-am-

°m≥ km[n-°p-sa-∂mWv Fs‚ Dd® hnizmkw. Bcw- -Øn¬

GXv Imcy-Ønepw ]bm-k-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂Xp icn-X-

s∂. F∂m¬ Ah-km\w AXp aptJ\ Xo¿®-bmbpw hnPbw

Ic-ÿ-am-°m≥ km[n-°pw. ChnsS Rm≥ hnh-cn-°m≥

53ZnIvsd Cemln

t]mIp∂ Imcy-ßƒ F√mw Xs∂ hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂pw

lZo-kn¬ \n∂pw \nK-a\w sNbvX-h-bm-Ip-∂p. Fs‚ kz¥-

am -bn -´p -≈-h -b -√. A√mlp Ahs‚ ]tXy -I -amb

‘^fvep’sIm≠v Ah F\n°p amXw shf-ns∏ SpØn X∂n-

cn-°p-∂p. a‰p-≈-h-cn¬ \n∂v Ah am™p-In-S-°p-I-bm-Wv. kab

]cn-an[n ImcWw Rm\o Imcy-ßƒ \nK-a\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂

Bb-Øp-Ifpw lZo-kp-Ifpw ChnsS D≤-cn-°m≥ Dt±-in-°p-

∂n-√. \nK-a\w sNbvX Imcy-ßƒ amXw hnh-cn-°mw.

H∂m-asØ am¿§w:˛ A√mlp ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ Hcp \nbaw h®n-

cn-°p-∂p. GsXmcp ka-bØp Hcp km[\w D¤-hn-®n- pt≠m

AsX kabw ho≠pw hcp-tºmƒ B km[-\-Øn¬ Hcp i‡n

AYhm Hcp Bthiw kwPm-X-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. CXn\v ]Ir-Xn-

bn¬ [mcmfw sXfn-hp-Iƒ ImWmw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn ssiih

ImeØp Hcmƒ°p-≠m-Ip∂ tcmKw ssiim-h-ÿ°v Xpey-amb

hm¿≤Iy ImeØp Abm-fn¬ aSßn hcp-∂-Xmbn ImWmw.

Cu Hc-hÿ Xs∂ kky-ß-fnepw ]dhI-fnepw ImWm-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. ]Ir-Xn-bnse Cu \nb-a-Øn¬ \n∂v cmXn Xl-

÷q-Zns‚ ka-bØp DW-cm-\p≈ Hcp am¿§w Is≠-Ømw. AXn-

ß-s\-bm-Wv. Cim \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v tijw Hcp \n›nX

kabw hsc \mw ZnIv¿ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°pI. FX kabw

\mw ZnIv¿ sNøptam ]`m-X-Øn\v AXbpw kabw apºv

ZnIv¿ sNøm-\mbn \ΩpsS IÆv Xpd-°p-∂-XmWv (\mw Dd-°-

ap-W-cp-∂-Xm-Wv).

c≠masØ am¿§w:˛ Cim \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v tijw BtcmSpw

kwkm-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Cim \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v

tijw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n \ntcm-[n-

®n-cn-°p-∂p. Nne kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ Cim \a-kvIm-cm-\-¥cw

dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n kwkm-cn-®-Xmbn sXfn-bp-sa-¶nepw s]mXp-

hn¬ AXns\ hntcm-[n-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv. Cim°v

tijw kwkm-cn-°m-≥ XpSßnbm¬ IqSp-X¬ t\cw DW¿∂n-

cn-°m≥ CS-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ ]`m-X-Øn¬ Fgp-

54ZnIvsd Cemln

t∂¬°m\pw Xma-kn-t®-°pw. ]ns∂ aX-]-c-a-√mØ Imcy-ß-

fm-Wv kwkmc hnj-b-sa-¶n¬ \ΩpsS i≤ Zo\n-bmb Imcy-

ß-fn¬ \n∂v AI∂p t]mIp-Ibpw sNøpw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv

Cim-\-a-kvIm-cm-\-¥cw kwkm-cn-°msX InS-∂p-d-ß-W-sa∂p

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n B⁄m-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Zo\n-bmb

Nn¥I-fn¬ Xs∂ cmXn \ΩpsS IÆv AS-bp-Ibpw cmhnse

\ΩpsS IÆv Xpd-°p-Ibpw sNø-s -sb∂v Icp-Xn-bmWv dkq¬

Xncp-ta-\n Aßns\ I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Cim°v

tijw Hm^okv kw_-‘-am-btXm ASn-b-¥n-c-am-btXm Bb

h√ tPmenbpw sNøp-∂Xv hntcm-[-ap≈ Imcy-a-√. ]s£, Dd-

ßp-∂-Xn\v apºmbn ZnIv¿ sNtø-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv.

aq∂m-asØ am¿§w:˛ Cim \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p tijw Dd-ßm-

\mbn Xøm-dm-Ip-tºmƒ \ap°v ‘hpfp’ Ds≠¶nepw ]pXnb

‘hpfp’sNbvXp-sIm≠v hncn-∏n¬ InS-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. AXns‚ e-

ambn \ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ ]pXn-sbmcp Dt∑jw D≠mbn hcpw.

]pXnb ‘hpfp’ hns‚ Imc-W-Øm¬ D≠mhp∂ \h-ssN-X-\y-

tØm-Sp-IqSn \mw Dd-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ DW-cp-tºmgpw \ap°v

\s√mcp Dt∑jw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. Zp-xJtØmSv IqSntbm Ic-

™p-sImt≠m InS-∂p-d-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Hcmƒ DW-cp∂ ka-

bØpw s]mXpsh ZpxJnX-\m-bn-cn-°pw. Nne-t∏mƒ Dd-°-Øn¬

s]´∂v Ic-™p-sIm-≠-bmƒ Fgp-t∂¬°p-∂-Xmbpw ImWmw.-

k-t¥m-j-tØmSpw Nncn-®p-sIm≠pw Dd-ßp∂ Hcmƒ DW-cp-∂-

Xpw Dt∑-j-h-\m-bn´p Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\m¬ ‘hpfp’

sNbvXp \√ Dt∑-j-tØm-Sp-IqSn InS-∂p-d-ßp∂ Hcmƒ Dt∑-

j- -cn-X-am-bn-Øs∂ DW-cp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Dd-°-Øn¬ Abmsf

DW¿Øm\pw AXv klm-bn-°pw.

\mem-asØ am¿§w:˛ Ddßm≥ InS-°p-tºmƒ Fs¥-¶nepw

‘ZnIv¿’ sNbvXn v Dd-ßp-I F∂Xm-Wv. AXns‚ e-ambn cmXn-

bn¬ ho≠pw ‘ZnIv¿’ sNøm\mbn DW-cp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

lkvdØv dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n Dd-ßm≥ InS-°p-tºmƒ ‘Bb-

Øp¬ Ip¿knøpw’ ‘kqd-Øp¬ CJvemkpw’ ‘kqd-Øp¬

55ZnIvsd Cemln

^eJpw’ ‘kqd-Øp-∂mkpw’HmXp-Ibpw D≈w ssII-fn¬ DuXp-

Ibpw ssIIƒ c≠pw apgp-h≥ ico-c-Øn¬ XS-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-

cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw heXp `mKØv apJw Xncn-®p sIm≠v

Cu hmIyw HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p:

) (

A√mlpΩ AkvewØp \^vko CsseI h

h÷lvØ hPvlnb CsseI h ∆fvØp Awdo CsseI

dKv_Ø≥ h dlv_Ø≥ CsseI em a¬PA hem a≥PA

an≥I C√m CsseI. Ba≥Øp _n InØm_n°√Zo

A≥k¬Ø h \_nøn°√Zo Advk¬Ø

]ns∂ Dd-ßp-∂Xp hsc GsX-¶nepw ‘ZnIvtdm’

kp_vlm\√mlnh_n

lwZnln kp_vlm\√mln¬ Afow F∂v sNm√ns°m≠v InS-

∂n-cp-∂p. F√m kXy hnizm-kn-Ifpw A]-Imcw Xs∂ sN-

tø-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv. a\p-jy≥ GsXm-c-h-ÿ-bn¬ Dd-ßp-

∂pthm s]mXp-hn¬ AtX Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cn°pw apgp-h≥

cmXn-bnepw Ah≥ Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-I. AXn-\m¬ ‘Xkv_olpw’

‘XlvvaoZpw’ sNbvXpsIm≠v Dd-ßp∂ Bƒ apgp-h≥ cmXn-bnepw

AXn¬ Xs∂ apgp-In-bn-cn-°pw. Fs¥-¶n-epw ZpxJØntem

thh-em-Xn-bntem InS-∂p-d-ßp∂ kvXoItfm Ip´n-Itfm Dd-

°-Øn¬ Xncn-bp-tºmgpw adn-bp-tºmgpw thZ-\-bp-sSbpw

ZpxJØn-s‚bpw i_vZ-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. Dd-

ßm≥ InS-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ZpxJhpw

thh-em-Xn-bp-amWv AXn\p Imc-Ww. AXn-\m¬ ‘Xkv_olpw’

‘XlvaoZpw’ sNbvXpsIm≠v Dd-ßp∂ Hcmƒ Dd-- °Øn¬ Xncn-

56ZnIvsd Cemln

bp-tºmgpw adn-bp-tºmgpw ‘Xkv_olns‚bpwXlvaoZns‚bpw’

i_vZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠mWv hnip≤ Jp¿-

B-\n¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sf-°p-dn®p Cßs\ ]d-™n-cn-°p-

∂Xv:

“Ah-cpsS ico-c- m-K-ßƒ hncn-∏n¬ \n∂pw thdn´p

t]mIp-∂p. `b-tØmSpw BImw-£-tbm-Spw- IqSn Ah¿ Xß-

fpsS d∫ns\ hnfn-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p∂p. \mw Ah¿°v \¬In-

b-Xn¬ \n∂v Ah¿ sNehgn°pIbpw sNøp∂p.” (33:17)

_mly-ambn Cu ]d-™Xv icn-bm-sW∂p tXm∂p-I-

bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n bpw Dd-ßm-dp-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. a‰p kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw Dd-ßp-∂-h¿ Xs∂-bm-Wv.

F∂m¬ Ah¿ ‘Xkv_olv’ sNbvXpsIm≠v Dd-ßp∂hcm-

bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ah-cpsS Dd°w Dd-°-a√; Xkv_olv’

Bbncp-∂p. _mly-ambn Ah¿ Dd-ßp-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah¿ Dd-ßp-∂-h-c√. Ah-cpsS tZl-ßƒ hncn-

∏n¬ \n∂pw thdn´p sIm≠p ssZhkvac-W-bn¬ Ign®p Iq´p-

I-bm-Wv.

A©masØ am¿§w:˛ Ddßm≥ InS-°p-tºmƒ ‘Xl÷qZvv’

\akvIm-c-Øn-\p-th≠n Xo¿®-bmbpw Fgp-t∂¬°p-sa∂v ZrV-

\n-›bw sNøp-I-bm-Wv. hfsc i‡n-bmb \ne-bn¬ a\p-jy≥

Ahs‚ a\-n-t\mSv Hcm⁄ \¬In-bm¬ AXp A\p-k-cn-

°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ]Ir-Xn-bmWv A√mlp a\p-jy\v

\¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. _p≤n-am≥am-cmb ]ecpw kΩ-Xn-°p∂

bmYm¿∞y-am-Wn-Xv. AXn-\m¬ Dd-ßm≥ t]mIp∂ Ah-k-c-

Øn¬ Xl-÷q-Zn\v th≠n Xo¿®-bmbpw DW-cp-sa∂v kzbw

Hcp ZrV-\n-›bw sNøpI. Cßs\ sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

\nßƒ Dd-ßn-bmepw \nß-fpsS Bflmhv Dd-ßmsX DW¿∂p-

57ZnIvsd Cemln

sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pw. C∂ ka-bØv DW¿Ø-W-sa∂v F\n°v

B⁄ e`n-®n-cn-°p∂p Fs∂mcp t_m[w AXn-\p-≠mhpw.

Aßs\ \n›nX ka-bØv Xs∂ AXv \nßsf DW¿Øp-

Ibpw sNøpw.

Bdm-asØ am¿§w:˛ CXv Rm≥ \√ hnizmky Zm¿Vy-ap-≈-

h¿°v amXw A\p-h-Zn-°p-s∂m-cp- hgnbmWv. Ah¿ Cim \a-

kvIm-c-tØm-sSm∏w ‘hnXvdvvv’ \akvIcn-°msX AXns\ Xl-

÷q-Zns‚ ka-bØp \a-kvI-cn-°m-\mbn \ndp-Øn-sh-°p-I-sb-

∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. km[m-c-W-bmbn a\p-jy≥ \n¿_‘ Imcy-ßƒ

icn°v \n¿∆-ln-°p∂XmWv. F∂m¬ \ ven-bmb (sF-—o-I-

am-b) Imcy-ß-fn¬ aSn ImWn-s®∂p hcmw. AXn-\m¬ \ -en-

bmb Imcy-Øns‚ sbm∂n®v \n¿_-‘-amb Imcy-ßƒIqSn

Iq´n-t®¿Øm¬ \n¿_-‘-Imcyw \n¿∆-ln-°msX Ah\v

kzÿ-X-bp-≠m-hn-√. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ \n¿_‘ Imcy-tØm-

Sp-Iq-Sn-Øs∂ \ ven-bmb Imcyhpw \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- hn-

Xvdv \a-kvI-cn®pdßn-bm¬ Xl-÷q-Zns‚ kabw DW¿∂mepw

hnX¿ \a-kvI-cn®p Ign-™t√m C\n \^¬ \a-kvI-cn-®n-s√-

¶n¬Øs∂ AXX kmc-an-s√∂v ]d™v a\v Abmsf

Bizm-k-s∏-Sp-Øpw.- hnXv¿ \a-kvImcw _m°n-bp-s≠-¶n¬

hnXv¿ \-a-kvI-cn-°m-\mbn Fgp-t∂¬°p-tºmƒ hn-Xvdn-s‚ -Iq-

sS-Øs∂ Xl-÷qZpw \a-kvI-cn-s®∂p hcpw. Rm≥ Cu hgn

A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂Xv hnizm-ky-Zm¿Vy-ap-≈-h¿°v amX-am-Wv.

hnXvdn-\p-th≠n DW-cp-tºmƒ Ah¿ Xl-÷qZv \a-kv°-cn-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv. A√m-Ø-h¿°v hnXv¿ \a-kvImcw Xs∂ \jvS-s∏´p

t]mI-bmWv sNøp-I.

Ggm-a-sØ-am¿§w:- CXpw Bflo-b-amb \ne-bn¬ Db¿∂-

h¿°p-≈-Xm-Wv. Cim \a-kvIm-cm-\¥w \^¬ \a-kvI-cn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-sb-∂p-≈-Xm-W-Xv. \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Xs∂

Dd°w hc-Ø° hn[-Øn¬ A[n-I-t\cw \^¬ \a-kvI-cn-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬Xs∂ Ak-ly-amb

Dd°w h∂n´p Ddßp-I-bp-am-Wv. Cu hgn kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v

58ZnIvsd Cemln

kabw A[nIw ]nSn-t®-°pw. F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]`m-X-Øn¬

t\csØ Dd-°-ap-W-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXp Bflo-b-amb Hcp

hymbmaw IqSn-b-sX.

F´m-asØ am¿§w:˛ CXv \ΩpsS kq^n-am-cn¬ ]Xn-hp-s≈mcp

kº-Zm-b-am-Wv. F\n-°-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX tXm∂n-bn- n-√. F∂n-

cp-∂mepw ]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-Wv. GsXmcp Znhkw Dd-°-Øns‚

B[nIyw ImcWw IrXy ka-bØv DW-cp-I-bn-s√∂v tXm∂p-

∂pthm B Znhkw arZp-e-amb hncn∏v \o°w sNøp-I-sb-∂-

XsX AXv.

Hº-Xm-asØ am¿§w:˛ Dd-ßp-∂-Xn\p aWn°qdpIƒ°p apºp

Xs∂ `£Ww Ign-°p-I-. aKvcn_n\p aptºm As√-¶n¬

aKvcn_v \a-kv°cn® DSt\tbm- £Ww Ign-°p-I. ]e-t∏mgpw

a\p-jys‚ Bflm-hv Dt∑jap-≈-Xm-bncn°psa¶nepw icocw

Ae-k-am-bn-cn-°pw. icocw Hcp N -Iq-Sm-Wv. AXp Bflm-hns\

s]mXn™p InS-°p-∂p. Cu N -°q-Sn\p `mcw IqSp-tºmƒ

Bflm-hn-em-bn-cn°pw AXns‚ kΩ¿±w ]Xn-bp-I. AXn-\m¬

Dd-ßp∂ kabw Bam-ibw \nd-™n-cn-°-cp-Xv. \nd-™m¬

AXns‚ tZmj- ew lrZ-bsØ hf-sc-b-[nIw _m[n°pw.

AX-hs\ aSn-b-\m-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

]Øm-asØ am¿§w:˛ a\p-jy≥ kvJen-Xm-h-ÿ-bntem Aip-

≤-amb Ah-ÿ-bntem Dd-ß-cpsX∂p≈-Xm-Wv. ae-°p-Iƒ°v

]cn-ip-≤n-bp-ambn henb _‘-ap-≠v. aen-\-cmb Bfp-I-fpsS

kao]w ae-°p-Iƒ hcn-I-bn-√. Ah-cn¬ \n∂v ae-°p-Iƒ

AI∂p \n¬°pw. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ cq£ hmk-\-bp≈ Ft¥m

km[\w dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n -bpsS kZ-n¬ Xn∂m-\mbn

sIm≠p h∂p. Xncp\_n klm-_n-am-tcmSv Rm≥ Xn∂p-

∂n√ \nßƒ Xn∂p-sIm-≈p-I-sb∂v ]d-™p. klm-_n-am¿

]d™p. Rßfpw Xn∂p-∂n-√. At∏mƒ Xncp\_n ]d™p

A√, \nßƒ Xnt∂m-fq. Ft∂mSp ae-°p-Iƒ kwkm-cn-

°mdp≠v. AXn-\m-emWv Rm≥ Xn∂m-Ø-Xv. Ah¿°-Øcw

km[-\-ß-tfmSv shdp-∏m-Wv. Npcp°Øn¬ Aip≤nsb

59ZnIvsd Cemln

ae°pIƒ Xosc CjvSs∏Sp∂n√.

l:Jeo- Øp¬ akolv A∆¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. Hcn-°¬

Rm≥ £Ww Ign®p ssII-gpImsX Dd-ßn-t∏m-bn. kz]v\-

Øn¬ Rm≥ Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c≥ h∂-Xmbn I≠p. At±lw

F\n°v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Xcm-\mbn `mhn-°p∂p Rm\Xp

hmßm-\mbn Xp\n-bp-tºmƒ “\o ssIsIm≠v sXmS-cpXv \ns‚

ssI Aip-≤-amWv” F∂v ktlm-Z-c≥ ]d-™p. ico-c-ip-≤nbpw

a\pw XΩn¬ Hcp _‘-ap-s≠-∂mWv CXp a\-n-em-°n-Ø-

cp-∂-Xv. ]cn-ip-≤-amb Ah-ÿ-bn¬ InS-∂p-d-ßp-∂-hsc ae-

°p-Iƒ h∂p-W¿Øp-∂p. aen-\-cmb Bfp-I-fpsS kao]w ae-

°p-I¬ hcn-I-bn-√. Cu am¿§w icoc ip≤nbpambn

_‘s∏´XmWv.

]Xn-s\m-∂m-asØ am¿§w:˛ \mw Dd-ßp∂ hncn∏v hrØn-bp-

≈-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww. ]ecpw C°mcyw AX i≤n-°m-dn-√.

F∂m¬ hncn-∏ns‚ ip≤nbpw Bflo-b-X-bp-ambn Hcp ]tXyI

_‘-ap-s≠∂ Imcyw Hm¿°Ww. AXn-\m¬ C°m-cyhpw

]tXyIw i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

]¥-≠m-asØ am¿§w:˛ mcym ¿Øm-°≥am¿ H∂n®p Hmtc

hncn-∏n¬ Dd-ßm-Xn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. km[m-c-W-°m¿°v

Aßns\ H∂n®v InS-°p-∂-XpsIm≠v tZmj-ap-≠m-hpw.

]tXyIw Nne¿°v AXp-sIm≠p tZmj-ap-≠m-bn-s√∂pw hcmw.

dkq¬ Xnc-ta-\n H∂n-®p-d-ßm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS ÿm\w Db¿∂Xpw D∂-Xhp-am-Wv. Xncp\_n

bn¬ AXns‚ tZmj- ew D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. a‰p-≈-h¿ kq£-

vaX ]men-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Imcy-an-Xm-Wv. imco-cn-I-amb Ima hnIm-

c-ßƒ FX-I≠v A[n-I-am-bn-cn-°ptam AX I≠v AXp

Bflo-b-X°v XS--ap-≠m-°pw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Xn∂p-Ibpw

IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI; F∂m¬ H∂nepw Aan-XXzw ssIs°m-

≈-cp-sX∂v Ckvemw D]-tZ-in-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AØcw Imcy-ß-

fn¬ AXncp Ihn-bp-tºmƒ Imam-k‡n A[n-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

Bflo-bm-h-ÿ°v XSw krjvSn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AXn-\m¬

60ZnIvsd Cemln

kzbw \nb-¥n-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-h¿°v `mcy-am-tcm-sSm∏w Htc

hncn-∏n¬ H∂n-®p-d-ßp-∂-Xp-sIm≠p XI-cm-dn-√. F∂m¬

km[m-c-W-°m¿ H∂n-®p-d-ßm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bsX \√-Xv. As√-¶n¬

AØ-c-°m¿°v \nZm-th-f-bn¬ Ima-hn-Im-c-ßƒ aq¿—n-®p-

sImt≠ ht∂°pw. Nne-t∏mƒ Ah¿ Dd-°-Øn¬ Xs∂

kwtbmKw sNbvXp-t]m-sb∂pw hcpw. AXv Bflo-b-X°v

hnLm-X-ta¬∏n-°p-∂Xpw DW-cp-∂-Xn\p Ae-kX D≠m-°p-

∂-Xp-am-Wv.

]Xn-aq-∂m-asØ am¿§w:˛ CXp hfsc Db¿∂ Hcp am¿§-am-

Wv. AXp a\p-jys\ Xl-÷q-Zn\v DW-cm≥ klm-bn-°pI

amX-a√ a‰p ]e \nIr-jvShpw \nµy-hp-amb Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fn¬

\n∂v tamNn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Dd-ßm≥ t]mIp-∂-Xn\p

apºmbn \ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ h√-hsc Ipdn®pw Fs¥-¶nepw

]Itbm shdpt∏m hntcm-[tam Dt≠m-sb∂v ]cn-tim-[n®p

t\m°p-I. Ds≠-¶n¬ AXp lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂v XpS®p amt‰-

≠-Xm-Wv. Aßns\ sNbvXm-¬ AXns‚ ^e-ambn \ΩpsS

Aflmhv ip≤-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw X¬ -e-ambn Xl-÷q-Zn-\p-

th≠n DW-cm≥ mKyw e`n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. AØcw

\nIrjvS hnNm -c -ßƒ ho≠pw Ah\n¬ kzm[o\w

sNepØnbmepw cmXn Ddßp∂Xn\p apºv AØcw

hnNmcßƒ GXm-bmepw \o°w sNøpI Xs∂ thWw.

F∂n´p lrZ-bsØ ip≤am-°n-s°m≠p Xs∂ Dd-tß-≠-Xm-

Wv. AØcw hnNm-c-ß-fn¬ h√-hcpw uXo-I-amb h√ ]tbm-

P-\hpw ImWp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xs∂ \nZm-th-f-bn¬ AXns‚ Bh-

iy-I-X-b-s√∂p a\-ns\ ]d™p kam-[m-\n-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

AsXms° ]I¬ Hm¿Ω-sh-°mw. cmXn Dd-ßp-tºmƒ

BtcmSpw Ie-l-Øn\p t]mIm-\n-√t√m Fs∂ms° ]d™v

a\-ns\ kam-iz-kn-∏n-°-Ww. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ \nß-fpsS lrZ-

b-Øn¬ \n∂v AØcw hnNm-c- hn-Im-c-ß-fpsS thc-dp-°m≥

Ign-™m¬ ]ns∂ AXp hcnI Xs∂ sNøp-I-bn-√. ]ns∂

CØcw hnNmcßƒ a\-n¬ sh°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠p Fs¥√mw

61ZnIvsd Cemln

tZmj- -e-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-tam AXn¬ \ns∂√mw Ah≥ kpc-

£n-X-\m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. Hcp km[\w as‰mcp km[-\-

hp-ambn FX A[n-I-t\cw kº¿°w ]pe¿Øptam AX-

I≠p BZysØ km[\w c≠m-asØ km[-\-Øn¬ ^ew

sNep-Øp-I-sb-∂Xv AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. DZm-

l-c-W-ambn sh≈-Øn¬ ap°n-sh® Hcp kvt]m©v IjvWw

sh≈w hen-s®-Sp-°p∂ GsX-¶nepw Hcp km[-\-Øn≥ta¬

sh®v DSs\ Xs∂ FSpØv am‰n-bm¬ A¬]w amXsa \\-bp-

I-bp-≈q. F∂m¬ kvt]m©v B km[-\-Øn≥ ta¬ A[n-I-

t\cw sh°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B km[\w IqSp-X¬ sh≈w hen-

s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. C]-Imcw Xs∂ a\p-jy≥ GsXmcp hnNm-

c-Øn¬ \o≠ kabw Ign-®p-Iq- ptam B hnNmcw a\-n¬

IqSp-X¬ ]Xn-bp-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. Dd-ßp∂ kabw a\p-jy≥

a\-n¬ h®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ hnNm-c-ßƒ cmXn apgp-h\pw

Bflmhv Bh¿Øn®p Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ]I¬ kabw

AØcw hnNm-c-ß-sf-sIm≠v cmXn ka-b-Øp-≠m-Ip-∂X

tZmjw hcn-I-bn-√. Imc-Ww, a‰p ]e tPmen-I-fnepw G¿s∏-Sp-

∂Xp ImcWw a\p-jy-\Xv ad∂p t]mtb-°pw. cmXn-bn¬ -A-

Øcw hnNm-c-ßƒ Bh¿Øm-®m-h¿Øn®p h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw.

AXn-\m¬ Dd-ßp∂ thf-bn¬ AØcw h√ hnNm-c-ß-fp-ap-

s≠-¶n¬ AXp a\--n¬ \√-hÆw ]Xn-bp-∂-Xn\p aptº Ah

DSs\ \o°w sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. a\-n¬ AXp ]Xn™p Ign-

™m¬ ]ns∂-bXv \njvIm-k\w sNøp-∂Xp ]bm-k-I-c-am-

bncn°pw. cmXn Dd-°-Øn¬Xs∂ acWw kw -hn-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ ]mb-›n-Ø-Øn-\p≈ kµ¿`hpw \jvS-s∏´p t]mIpw.

Bflm-hns\ CØcw Imcy-ß-sf√mw Hm¿Ωn∏n®p `b-s∏-Sp-

tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. Hcp ]mhiyw AXp \o°w sNøp-∂-Xn¬

\nßƒ hnPbn®m¬ \nßƒ°-Xn¬ \n∂v XnI®pw tamN\w

e`n-°pw. Aßs\ Dd-ßp∂ kµ¿ -Øn¬ a\v ip≤-am-°n-

s°m≠v NoØ-hn-Nm-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂p ]cn-ip-≤-am-°n-bm¬ Xl-

÷q-Zn-\p≈ ku`m-Kyhpw e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

62ZnIvsd Cemln

\akv°mcØn¬ i≤ tIµoIcn°m\p≈ am¿§ßƒ

C\n \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤ Fßns\ \ne-\n¿Ømw F∂-

Xn-s\-Ip-dn®v ]d-bmw. AXn-s\-∏‰n ]ecpw tNmZn-°m-dp-≠v.

AXn\v ]e am¿§-ß-fp-≠v. AXn¬ NneXv \nßƒ D]-tbm-K-

s∏-SpØp∂Xp Xs∂-bm-bn-cn°pw. F∂m¬ icn°pw ]tbm-P-

\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h¿ Xo¿®-

bmbpw AXns‚ ew Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂pap-≠mhpw. i≤ tIµo-

I-cn-°m-\mbn ‘icoA-Øv ’, \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Xs∂ Nne \nb-

a-ßƒ \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. A⁄-X-Im-c-W-ambn A[n-I-am-

fp-Ifpw AXn¬\n∂v ew Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂n-√. AXn\v ]pdsa

P\-ßƒ°p s]mXpsh Adn-bm-ØXpw A\p-jvTm-\-Øn¬ hcp-

Øm-Ø-Xp-amb Nne am¿§-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Rm≥ hnh-cn-°mw.

Ah-b-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬

i≤ tIµo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

Rm≥ ]d-bm-\p-t±-in-°p∂ am¿§-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

ap-ºmbn Hcp hkvXpX BZy-ambn ]d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. AXm-bXv

GsX-¶nepw Hcp Imcyw A\p-jvTm-\-Øn¬ hcp-Øm≥ Dt±-in-

°p-tºmƒ AtXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ AXns‚ ]tbm-P-\-sØ-°p-

dn®v Nn¥n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw AXn¬ Dd® hnizm-kw-sh®p

]pe¿Øp-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv. At∏mƒ AXn¬ \n∂v

IqSp-X¬ ^ew Ic-ÿ-am-°mw. Aßn-s\-bp≈ Hcp ]Ir-Xn-

bmWv A√mlp a\p-jy\v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. bqtdm∏n¬

km≥tUm F∂p t]cmb Hcp henb ^b¬am≥ D≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. At±lw Fgp-∂Xv; Btcm-Ky-Øn\pw i‡n°pw th≠n

hymbmaw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-t°-≠Xv Bhiyw Xs∂-bm-Wv.

F∂m¬ AtXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ Xß-fpsS ssIIm-ep-Iƒ i‡n-

s∏´p hcp-∂p-s≠∂ Hcp tXm∂epw hnizm-k-hpw-IqSn D≠m-

bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hybmaw sIm≠p Xs∂ ssIIm-ep-Iƒ

i‡n-s∏´p hcp-sa-¶nepw hybmaw hymbm-a-am-sW∂v Icp-Xn-

s°m≠v AXns‚ ^ew ico-c-Øn\v e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-

s≠∂ hnizm-k-tØmSv IqSn-bpw sNøp-sa-¶n¬ AXn¬ \n∂v

63ZnIvsd Cemln

A[nIw ]tbm-P\w Ic-ÿ-am-°mw. Aßn-s\-sbmcp

tXm∂epw hnizm-khpw C√m-sX-bm-Wv hymbmaw sNøp-∂-sX-

¶n¬ ]tbm-P\w Xmc-X-ta\y Ipd™p t]mhp-∂-XmWv. C\n

\a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤ \ne \n¿Øm≥ DX-Ip∂ hgn-I-sf-°p-

dn®p ]d-bmw.

H∂m-asØ hgn:˛ Ckvemw ico-A-Øv, \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤

\ne-\n¿Øm-\mbn Nne \nb-a-ßƒ \n›-bn-®n- p≠v AXn-sem-

∂mWv ‘hpfp’. \a-kvIm-c-n°p∂-h-sc√mw ‘hpfp’ sNtø≠-Xm-

h-iy-am-Wv. a\p-jys‚ hnNm-c-hn-Im-cßƒ -a‰p-≈-h-cn¬ FØn-

°m-\mbn A√mlp Nne hgn-Iƒ D≠m-°n-bn-cp-∂p. AXn¬s∏-

-XmWv knc-Iƒ (Nerves). Ah aptJ\ a\p-jys‚ hnNm-c-hn-

Im-c-ß-fpsS ew CX-c-h-kvXp-°-fn¬ ]Xn-bp-∂p. C°m-c-W-

Øm-emWv cmXn Dd-ßm≥ t]mIp-tºmƒ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n

‘Bb-Øp¬Ip¿knøv ’HmXn -Du-Xn-bn v tZl-Øn¬ XS-hn-bn-cp-

∂-Xv. CsXmcp A¿∞ cln-X-amb ]h¿Øn-bmtWm? A√;

Hcn-°-ep-a-√. hnNm-c-hn-Im-c-ß-fpsS ew knc-Iƒ aptJ-\bpw

i_vZw aptJ-\bpw DuØv aptJ-\bpw A\y km[-\-ß-fn-te°v

\oßp-∂-Xn-\m¬ B aq∂v hgn-Ifpw dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n

]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. ‘Bb-Øp¬Ip¿knøv ’

hmb-sIm≠p HmXpIbpw D≈w ssIøn¬ DuXp-Ibpw ssI

c≠pw ico-c-am-k-Iew XS-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬

i_vZw, Ah-b-h-ßƒ, t\m´w, DuØv apX-em-b-h-sb√w hnNmc

hnIm-c-ßƒ _ln¿K-an∏n-°m-\p≈ am¿§-ß-fm-Wv. ]pWym-flm-

°-fmb alm≥am¿ a¥n-®-Xmbn sXfn-bp∂p≠v. dkq¬ Xncp-

ta-\n bpw a¥n-®-Xmbn sXfn-bp-∂p.

hnNmc hnIm-c-ßƒ knc-Iƒ aptJ\ ]pdØp t]mhp-Ibpw

NnX-dn-t∏m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v AXns\ \nb-¥n®p

\n¿Øm≥ th≠n-bmWv dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ‘hpfp’. sNøm≥

I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hnNm-c-ßƒ ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip∂ ][m\ hgn-

Iƒ ssIIm-ep-Ifpw apJ-hp-am-Wv. Ah-bn¬ sh≈-sam-gn-°p-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn¬IqSn _ln¿K-an-°p∂ hnNmc hnIm-c-

64ZnIvsd Cemln

ßƒ \nb-¥n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw \n∂p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂mWv

A\p- -h-Øn¬ \n∂v a\-n-em-hp-∂-Xv. CsXmcp AwKo-I-cn-°-

s∏´ hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. hpfp \n›-bn-°-s∏- Xn\p ]e Dt±-i-

ßfpw Ds≠-¶nepw CXpw AXn¬ H∂-sX. hnNm-c-hn-Im-c-ßƒ

\nb-¥n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ i≤ \ne \n¬°p-∂-Xm-Wv. At∏mƒ

i≤ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ kp]-[m-\-am-sbmcp am¿§-amWv ‘hpfp’.

F∂m¬ hpfp sNøm-\n-cn-°p-tºmƒ hnIm-c-hn-Nm-c-ßsf \nb-

¥n-°m≥ th≠n-bmWv CXp sNøp-∂-sX∂ tXm∂epw hnizm-

khpw D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-hiyamWv. Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ \a-

kvIm-c-Øn¬ a\-am-[m\w ssIh-cp-∂-XmWv; a‰p hnNm-c-ßƒ

\ΩpsS i≤sb sX‰n®p If-bp-I-bp-an-√.

c≠m-asØ hgn:˛ ]≈n-bn¬ sh®v \a-kvI-cn-°-W-sa∂

\n¿t±-i-am-Ip-∂p. Hcp Imcy-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ A°m-

cy-hp-ambn _‘-ap≈ a‰p Imcy-ßfpw Hm¿Ω hcn-I-sb-∂p-

≈Xp a\pjy ]Ir-Xam-Wv. sskZns\ ImWp-tºmƒ Ahs‚

aI≥ _Idns\bpw Hm¿Ω hcp-∂p. _I¿ At∏mƒ apºmsI

D≠m-Ip-∂p-an-√. sskZns\ I≠-Xp-sIm≠v am-X-amWv _Idns\

Hm¿Ω h∂-Xp. a\p-jys‚ Xe-t®m-dns‚ LS-\-Xs∂ B

hn[Øn-em-Wv. \a-kvIm-c-hp-ambn bmsXmcp hn[-Ønepw _‘-

an-√mØ Hcp ÿeØp h®mWv \mw \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬

]tXy-I-am-sbmcp Imcyhpw kvac-W-bn¬ h∂n-√m-sb∂p hcmw.

F∂m¬ cmXnbpw ]Iepw A√m-lp-hn\p Bcm-[\ sNbvXp-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂, A√m-lp-hns‚ `h\w F∂v ]d-bs-∏-Sp∂

Hcp ÿeØv sh®mWv \mw \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ B h-

\-Øns‚ \mY-\mb A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn-°p-Ibpw B h-\-

Øns‚ \mYs‚ apºn-emWv \mw \n¬°p-∂-sX∂pw Ahs\

]q¿Æ-ambpw A\p-k-cn-t°-≠Xp Rß-fpsS IS-a-bm-sW-∂p-

ap-≈ Hcp tXm∂¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw \ap°v D≠m-hpw. C°m-c-

W-Øm-emWv hoSp-I-fn¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\mbn amXw ]tXyIw

Hcp ÿew \n›-bn®p sh°-W-sa∂p apkvenßtfmSv dkq¬

Xncp-ta-\n ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp]s£ ]≈n-bn¬ t]mbn

65ZnIvsd Cemln

\akv°cn°p∂XpsIm≠p≈ Dt±iyw CXmsW∂v CXphsc

\nßfpsS a\n¬ h∂n´p≠mIn√. F∂m¬ ]≈n-bn¬ \a-

kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ XXz clkyw a\-n-em-°n-s°m≠v B Dt±-

i-tØm-Sp-IqSn \a-kvI-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ a‰p Nn¥-Iƒ \ne®p

t]mhp-Ibpw a\x-»m¥n ssIh-cn-Ibpw \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤

\ne-\n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.

aq∂m-asØ hgn:˛ ‘Jn_ve’bpsS t\sc apJw Xncn®v \a-kvI-

cn-°m-\p≈ \n¿t±-i-am-Ip-∂p. ]cn-ip≤ a°-b°v ]e ]tXy-

I-X-I-fp-ap≠v, IpSn-°m≥ sh≈tam £n-°m≥ [m\ytam c£m

G¿∏m-Sp-Itfm C√mØ hnP-\-amb B ]tZ-i-ØmWv alm-

\mb Hcp a\p-jy≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-b-\p-k-cn®v Xs‚

]nb-s∏´ `mcy-sbbpw Ip´n-sbbpw Dt]-£n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. A√m-

lp-hn\v th≠n sNbvX Hcp XymK-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. AXns‚

^e-ambn A√mlp B alm-\p- m-hs‚ k¥m\ ]c-º-c-I-

fn¬ BIm-i-Ønse \£-X-ß-sf-t]mse FÆn-°-W-°m-

°m≥ Ign-bmØ hn[w h¿-≤-\hv \¬In. At±-l-Øns‚

k¥m\ ]c-º-c-bn¬ A√mlp FXtbm ]hm-N-I≥amsc

\ntbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]ns∂ a\p-jy-cm-in-°m-I-am\w

]hm-N-I-\mbn \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ Hcp alm-flm-hn-s\bpw AtX

k¥m\ ]c-º-c-bn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ Fgp-t∂¬]n-®p. a°-bpsS

`mK-tØ°v apJw Xncn®p \a-kvI-cn-°m≥ ]d-™-Xns‚ XXz

clkyw a\-n-em-°p∂ Hcm-fn¬ DSs\ Xs∂ lZvdØv

Ckvambn ens‚ NcnX kw`hw Hm¿Ω hcp-∂Xpw At±-

l-Øns‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ Bg-amb ew Df-hm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xpam-Wv. At∏mƒ GsXmcp A√m-lp-hn\v th≠nbmtWm

Rm≥ \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ hfsc D∂-X\pw i‡\pw

alm-\p-am-sW∂ Hcp t_m[w Ahs‚ a\-n¬ A¶p-cn-°p-

∂Xpw A√m-lp-hns‚ alm-flysØ Hm¿Øv b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-

Wv. B `b- -‡n-bp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ CXc Nn¥-Iƒ hn´p amdp-

Ibpw \a-kvI-cm-Øn¬ i≤ \ne-\n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-

Wv.

66ZnIvsd Cemln

\mem-asØ hgn:˛ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v apºv _-m-¶v hnfn-°m-

\p≈ \n¿t±-i-am-Wv. ‘A√mlp AIv_¿’ ‘A√mlp AIv_¿’

F∂p _m¶n¬ hnfn®p ]d-bp-tºmƒ Xs∂ \a-kvImcw Bcw-

`n-°m≥ t]mIp-∂n-√. \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v hnhcw \¬Ip-I-

bmWv. CXm \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ ka-b-am-bn-cn-°p∂p; \nßƒ

icn°pw Nn¥n®v a\-n-em°n ]≈n-bn¬ htc-≠-Xm-Wv. D∂-

X\pw al-Xz-hm\pw Bb A√m-lp-hns‚ apºm-sI-bmWv

\nßƒ°v k∂n-ln-X-cm-tIm-≠Xv. _m¶v hnfn tIƒ°p-tºmƒ

A√m-lp-hns‚ ÿm\ alm-flysØ Ipdn-®p≈ t_m[w

D≠mbn hcp-∂Xpw lrZ-b-Øn¬ Ahs\ Ipdn-®p≈ b- ‡n

P\n-°p-∂Xpw A°m-c-W-Øm¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤ \ne-

\n¬°p-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

]nim-Nns\ B´n-tbm-Sn-°m≥ th≠n-bmWv _m¶v hnfn-°p-

∂-sX∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n Acp-ƒ sN-bvXn-cn-°p-∂p. _m¶v

hnfn tIƒ°p-tºmƒ ssiØm≥ HmSn-t∏m-Ip-∂p-sh∂pw lZo-

kn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ hnh£ _m¶v hnfn tIƒ°p-

tºmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ ]Xm-]-sØbpw ÿm\ alm-fly-

sØbpw Ipdn-®p≈ t_m[w \Ωn¬ s]mßn hcpw F∂-Xm-

Wv. Cu XXzw a\-n-em-°p∂ Hcm-fn¬ _m¶v hnfn tIƒ°p-

tºmƒ C°mcyw Hm¿Ω hcp-∂Xpw a‰p hnNm-c-ßƒ AI∂p

t]mIp∂Xpam-Ip-∂p. Hcp hnNm-c-ap-≠m-hp-tºmƒ a‰p Nn¥-

Iƒ AI∂p t]mIp-∂p-sh-∂Xv ]IrXn \nbaa-sX. A√m-

lp-hns\ Ipdn-®p≈ hnNm-c-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ a‰p hnNm-c-ßƒ

C√m-Xm-Ip-∂Xpw \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤ \ne \n¬°p-∂-Xp-am-

bn-cn-°pw.

A©m-asØ hgn:- CJm-a-Øm-Wv. _m¶n¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂

XXzw Xs∂-bmWv CJm-a-Ønepw D≈-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚ i‡n

alm-fly-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[w CJm-a-Øns‚ Ah-k-c-

Ønepap≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. CJm-a-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v dkq¬ Xncp-

ta\n ]d™ncn-°p-∂Xv AXns‚ i_vZw tIƒ°p-tºmƒ

]nimNv HmSn-t∏mIp∂psh-∂m-Wv. AXns‚ Dt±-iyhpw CJm-

67ZnIvsd Cemln

aØv Imc-W-ambn hn-hn[ hnNm-c-ßƒ AI∂p t]mhpIbpw

A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥ amXw Ah-ti-jn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-sa-∂X-sX. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤

tIµo-I-cn®p \n¿Øm≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

Bdm-asØ hgn:˛ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p \n¬°p-tºmƒ hf-hn-

√mØ k^v^mbn \n¬°m-\p≈ \n¿t±-i-am-Wv. _mly-amb

Iao-I-cWw hnNm-c-Ønepw Iao-I-c-W-ap-≠m-°p-∂p. AXv Nn¥-

bn¬ hntIµoI-cWw D≠m-°p-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-X-√.

_mly-amb \ne-bn¬ t\sc-bp≈ k v p-≠m-°p-tºmƒ B¥-

co-I-amb Bth-ißfpw Htc Nc-Sn¬ tIm¿Øn-W-°-s∏-Spw.

NI-h¿Øn-am-cp-sS-sb√mw NI-h¿Øn-bmb D∂-X-\mb A√m-

lp-hns‚ apºmsI \n›-e-cmbn au\-ambn `‡n-tbmsS hcn-

h-cn-bmbn \n¬°p∂ cq]-ßƒ Xs∂ FX ‡n-P-\-I-ßfpw

Kuc-hm-h-l-ßfpw Bb-h-bm-Wv. k v v t\sc-bm-°pI As√-

¶n¬ lrZbw hf™p t]mIp-∂-XmWv F∂v dkq¬ ]d-

™-n-cn-°p∂p-. _mly-amb Ah-ÿ-°-\p-k-cn®v B¥-co-I-amb

Ah-ÿ-bnepw am‰w hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. _mly-amb Iao-I-c-W-an-

s√-¶n¬ B¥-co-I-amb Iao-I-c-W-Øn\p hyXn-bm\w kw -

hn-°pw. k^v^v hf™p t]mImsX icn-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂v

I¬]n-®-Xns‚ XXz cl-kyhpw AXv Xs∂.

Ggm-asØ hgn:˛ \a-kvI-cn-°m-\p-≈ ‘\nøØv’BIp∂p. a\p-

jy≥ Xs‚ Bflm-hn-t\mSv Rm≥ C∂ Imcy-Øn\v th≠n

k∂-≤-\mbn \n¬°p-I-bm-sW∂v a\-n-em°n sImSp-°p-

tºmƒ i≤ B `mK-tØ°v Xncn-bpw. \nøØv sIm≠v

A¿Yam°p∂Xv Rm≥ Cu Cam-ans‚ ]n∂mse CX

‘dIAØv ’ Jn_v-e-bpsS mK-tØ°v apJw Xncn®p \a-kvI-cn-

°p∂p F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hN-\ßƒ Dcp-hn-Sp-I-b√; a\-n¬

Xs∂ \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂p-s-h∂ Dt±-iyw D≠m-bn-cn-°pI F∂-

Xm-Wv.

Hcmsf ]‰n ]dbs∏Sp∂p; \nøØns‚ ImcyØn¬

Abmƒ°v Hcp `m¥amb Bthiambnc∂p. Abmƒ

68ZnIvsd Cemln

H∂masØ k v n\v ]n∂nep≈ GsX¶nepw Hcp k v n¬

\n∂psIm≠v Rm≥ Cu Camans‚ ]n∂n¬

\akv°cn°p∂psh∂v \nøØv sNøptºmƒ Fs‚ t\sc

apºn¬ Cama√, as‰mcmfWt√m F∂ ktµlw

DSseSp°pIbpw ap∂nte°v Ibdn\n∂psIm≠v ho≠pw

\nøØv sh°pIbpw sNøp∂p. ]ns∂bpw Abmƒ°v

kwibw P\n°p∂p. At∏mƒ Abmƒ Camans‚ ]ndIn¬

t]mbn \n∂psIm≠v Camans\ ssIsIm≠v sXm´v Rm≥

Camans‚ ]n∂n¬ Xs∂bmsW∂v ho≠pw \nøØv sh°p∂p.

CØcØn¬ DulØneIs∏ńcn°p∂ BfpIƒ XnI®pw

sX‰mWv sNbvXpsIm ≠ncn°p∂Xv. X¬êambn \nøØv

Xs∂ A]ISIcambnXocp∂p. AØcw \nøØv Xs∂ Hcp

êhpw \evImsX hnjaIcambnXocp∂p. \nøØv bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂p-≠m-tI-≠-Xm-Wv. t_m[-]q¿∆-am-bn-

cn-°Ww \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ ]th-in-t°-≠-Xv. Nne BfpIƒ

\akv°mcØn\v Fgpt∂‰v \n¬°p∂ kabØv Ah¿

F¥mWv sNøm≥ t]mIp∂sX∂vt]mepw Ah¿°dnhp≠m

hpIbn√. \nßƒ \akvIcn°m≥ XpSßptºmƒ

t_m[]q¿∆w \nøØv sh°pI. A]Imcw t_m[tØmSpIqSn

\akvIcn°m≥ Xp\nbptºmƒ \nßfpsS lrZbØn¬

`b`‡n P\n°p∂Xpw X¬ êambn i≤

\ne\n¬°p∂Xpam bncn°pw.

F´m-asØ hgn:- Pam-A-Øm-bp-ff \a-kvIm-c-am-Wv. Pam-A-

Øm-bp≈ \a-kvIm-c-am-hp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ ÿm\ alm-

fly-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hN-\-ßƒ Camw CS-°n-sS a‰p-≈h-cpsS

sNhn-bn¬ FØn-®psIm≠ncn-°pw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Bfp-Iƒ

Ai-≤-cmbn a‰p Nn¥Ifn¬ apgpIn \n¬°p-tºmƒ Camw

‘A√mlp AIv_¿’ F∂v Dd-s°-∏-d™p sIm≠p Ahsc

i≤m-ep-°-fm°n am‰p-∂p. AXv Ah¿°p ap∂-dn∏vv \¬Ip-I-

bmWv: CXm t\m°q! kq£n®p \n¬°q, ]Xm-]-hm-\mb Hcp

A√m-lp-hns‚ apºm-sI-bmWv \nßƒ \n¬°p-∂-sX∂v;

69ZnIvsd Cemln

\n¬°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ ]ns∂bpw Ai≤ h∂p t]mIp-

tºmƒ Camw ho≠pw ‘A√mlp AIv_¿’ A√mlp G‰hpw

henbh\msW∂v ]d™psIm≠v DW¿Øp∂p. XpS¿∂v

‘kan-A-√m-lp -en-a≥ lan-Zm ’ F∂ i_vZw Cam-an¬ \n∂p

tIƒ°p-∂p. AXns‚ A¿Yw A√m-lp-hns\ kvXpXn-°p-∂-

hs‚ hnfn A√mlp tIƒ°p-Ibpw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p-sh-∂mWv. CXv a\-n-em-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v tXm∂pI \ap°p

h√ ]tbm-P-\hpw e`n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ A√m-lp-hns\ kvXpXn®p

sIm≠n-cn-°-W-sa-∂mW.v As√-¶n¬ kabw shdpsX \jvS-

s∏-Sp-I-am-X-am-bn-cn°pw ew. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Camw a‰p≈hsc

CS-°nsS DW¿Øp-Ibpw i≤m-ep-°-fm-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. CXm \nßƒ D∂-X-\mb Hcp alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ apºm-

sI-bmWv \n¬°p-∂-sX∂v. Cam-an\p AXp-sIm-≠mWv

‘aAvaqap-Isf’°mƒ ÿm\-ap-≈-Xv.

Hº-Xm-a-sØ hgn:˛ ico-A-Øv, \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ _mly-cq]w

Htc-I-a-Øn-em-°msX hnhn[ cq]Øn¬ B°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-

sh-∂-Xm-Wv. \a-kvImc thf-bn¬ h√-hcpw Ai≤cm-bn-t∏m-

hp-Itbm a‰p h√ Nn¥-bnepw ebn®p t]mhp-Itbm sNøp-

tºmƒ Ahs‚ ‘dpIq-Av’ sNøepw kpPqZv sNø-ep-sa√mw

Ahs\ ho≠pw t_m[-hm-\m-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

Ne\w a\p-jys\ Be-ky-Øn¬ \n∂pw Ai-≤-bn¬ \n∂pw

DW¿Øp∂ Imcy-am-Wv. amaq¬ cq]-Øn-ep≈ ‘dpIq-Av ’Dw

‘kpPqZpw’ Bbncp-∂m¬ t]mepw \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ AØcw

Ne-\-ßƒ a\p-jys\ \o≠ Be-ky-Øn¬ B°m≥ A\p-h-

Zn-°p-∂n-√. Bcm-[-\-bn-ep-≈ Cu hnhn[ Iaw CXc aX-ß-

fn¬ ImWp-I-bn-√. CXv Ckveman¬ amX-ap≈ Hcp sshin-

jvSy-am-Ip-∂p.

]Øm-asØ hgn:˛ ‘^¿fp’\a-kvIm-c-ßƒ°p apºpw ]nºp-

ap≈ kp∂Øp \a-kvIm-c-ßfmWv. GsX-¶nepw Hcp Imcyw

kw -hn-°m-\p-s≠-¶n¬ AXns‚ ]XnIcWw B kw -h-

Øns‚ apºpw ]nºpw Xs∂ D≠m-Ip-I-sb-∂Xv ]IrXn \nb-

70ZnIvsd Cemln

a-am-Wv. kqtcym-Z-b-Øn\p Iptd apºv Xs∂ ]Imiw shfn-

s∏-Sp-∂p. kqcym-kvX-a-b-Øn\p tijhpw Ipd®v t\cw shfn®w

\ne-\n¬°p-∂p. Cu XXz-a-\p-k-cn®v Hcmƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-

cn-°p∂ Hcp tPmen°v tijw Abmƒ°v hfsc kp][m\amb

as‰mcp tPmen sNø-m\p-s≠-∂ncn°s´. Cu kp][m\ tPmen

sNbvXn-s√-¶n¬ X\n°v hfsc \jvShpw tZmjhpw hc-p-sa-

¶n¬ Xm≥ G¿s∏- n-cn-°p∂ tPmen Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xp hsc

]n∂oSv sNøm-\p≈ B ][m\ tPmen-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥

Abmsf Ae- p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ X\n°v

Xm¬]-cy-ap≈ Hcp ][m\ tPmen sNøp∂ Hcmƒ°v Xs‚

Hmôkv tPmen°v tijw hy‡n ]c-ambn Xs∂ _m[n-°p∂

AXn- ]-[m-\-amb as‰mcp tPmen sNøm-\p-s≠-¶n¬ Hmôkv

tPmen-bpsS Ah-km-\-L´w apX¬°v Xs∂ ]n∂oSv sNøm-

\p≈ B tPmensb Ipdn®p≈ Nn¥ hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXp-

t]mse Xs∂ Hmôkv tPmen-bn¬ X\n°v Xm¬]-cy-ap≈

h√ Imcyhpw D≠m-bm¬ Hmôkv Ign™p hoń-te°v t]mIp-

tºmgpw Nne-t∏mƒ hoń¬ sN∂v Nmb IpSn°p-tºm-gp-sa√mw

B ImcysØ Ipdn-®p≈ Nn¥ h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

]Ir-Xn-bpsS Cu XXzw IW-°n-se-Sp-Øn´p IqSn-bmWv dkq¬

Xncp-ta\n ‘^¿fv ’ \a-kvIm-cØn\p apºpw ]nºpw

kp∂Øp \a-kvImcw \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. ][m-\-s∏´ h√

]pdw Nn¥-Ifpw Ds≠-¶n¬ AØcw Nn¥-Iƒ apºpw ]nºp-

ap≈ kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-ß-fn¬ h∂v Aa¿∂v sIm≈-s -

sb∂pw Ah ‘^¿fv ’ \a-kvIm-cØn¬ hcmsX \a-kvImcw

kpc-£n-X-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøs´ F∂p-amWv ‘kp∂Øv ’

\a-kvImcw \n›-bn-®-Xns‚ Dt±-i-yß-fn¬ H∂v.

kab hyXym-k-a-\p-k-cn®v kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-ß-fn¬

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n hyXymkw hcp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. ‘kpl¿ ’

\a-kvIm-cw tPmen-bpsS a≤y-Øn-ep≈ Hcp \a-kvIm-c-am-Wv.

AXn-\m¬ ‘kpldn ’ s‚ apºpw ]nºp-ambn Cu c≠v ‘d°-

AtØm’\∂mev ‘d°AtØm kp∂Øv ’ \a-kvImcw \n›-

71ZnIvsd Cemln

bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. B ka-b-Øp≈ tPmen-I-fpsS Nn¥-Iƒ ‘^¿fv

’ \a-kvIm-c thf-bn¬ hcmsX XS-bm-\p≈ Imh¬ S≥am¿

F∂ \ne-°mWv B kp∂-Øns\ \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ak¿ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v apºpw ]nºpw kp∂Ø \a-kvImcw

\n›-bn-®n- n-√. Bh-iy-ap-s≠-¶n¬ apºv \^¬ \a-kvI-cn-°m-

hp-∂-Xm-Wv. s]mXp-hn¬ CXc tPmen-Iƒ Ah-km-\n-°p∂

Hcp ka-b-am-bXv sIm≠mWv At∏mƒ kp∂Øv \a-kvImcw

\n›-bn°mXncp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Ak-dn\v tijw aKvcn_v hsc

ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-Xn\v \n¿t±iw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. aKvcn_v \a-

kvIm-c-Øn\p tijw c≠v dI-AØv kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-ap-

≠v. aKvcn_n\v tijw km[mcW-bmbn `£Ww Ign-°p∂

ka-b-am-Wv. `£-WsØ Ipdn®p≈ Nn¥ hcp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬

AXv kp∂-Øns‚ Ah-k-c-Øn-em-h-s -sb-∂-Xm-W-Xns‚ Dt±-

iyw. Cim \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v apºv kp∂-Øn-√. s]mXp-hn¬ \a-

kvIm-csØ iey-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ B

ka-b-Øp-≠m-Imdn-√. F∂m¬ Bh-iyap-≈-h¿°v ‘\^¬ ’

\a-kvIcn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cim \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v tijw Dd-ßm-

\p≈ ka-b-am-Wv. apgp-h≥ Znh-k-Øn-s‚bpw tPmen°p tijw

icocw hni-a-Øns‚ mK-tØ°v Nmbp-s∂mcp ka-b-am-W-Xv.

AXn-\m¬ Cim°v tijw c≠v dI-AØv kp∂Øpw aq∂p

dI-AØv hnXvdpw \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. hni-a-Øns‚ hnNmcw

hcp-∂Xv ¿fv \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn-em-hmsX kp∂-Øns‚ Ah-

k-c-Øn-em-hs´ F∂-Xm-W-Xns‚ Dt±-iyw. hnXv¿ thW-sa-¶n¬

Xl-÷q-Zns‚ ka-bØpw \a-kvI-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. kp_vln

\a-kvIm-c-Øn\v apºmbn c≠v dI-AØv kp∂Øv \n›-bn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p. Dd-°-Øns‚ h√ Be-kyhpw _m°n-bp-s≠-¶n¬

kp∂-Øns‚ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ h∂-h-km-\n-°m≥ th≠n-bmWv

Aßns\ \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kp_vln°v tijw kp∂-Øn-

√. AXn\v tijw kqtcymZbw hsc km[m-c-W-bmbn tPmen-

bn-√m-sØmcp ka-b-am-Wv. F∂m¬ B ka-bØv a‰v ZnIvdp-

Iƒ sNøm≥ \n¿t±-i-ap-≠v.

72ZnIvsd Cemln

kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-ßƒ \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ta¬ hnh-

cn® Imcy-ßƒ IqSn IW-°n-se-Sp-Øn- m-Wv. F∂m¬ a\p-jy≥

AXv a\-n-em°n sNøp-sa-¶n¬ amXsa AXp-sIm≠v ]tbm-

P-\-ap-≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q. Ah¿ AXv icn°pw a\-n-em°n sNøp-

sa-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw \√ ew Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. C≥im-

A-√m-lv.

\a-kvIm-c-Øn-ep≈ \n¿Øhpw dpIq-Dw, kpPq-Zpw, Ccp-Ø-

hp-sa-√mw a\pjy ico-c-Ønse k‘p-°ƒ t]mse-bm-Wv. B

kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ sNm√-p∂ hN-\-ß-fn¬ \√ t]mse Nn¥n-°p-

Ibpw i≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \ΩpsS \a-kvImcw

hfsc i‡n-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv, As√-¶n¬ AXn\p hogvN ]‰pw.

]Xn-s\m-∂m-asØ hgn:˛ \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ sNm√p∂ hN-

\-ßƒ [rXn-bn¬ sNm√msX kmh-Im-i-Øn¬ sNm√p-I-bm-

Wv. a\p-jys‚, Xe-t®m-dns‚ LS\ AXn¬ CS-°nsS ]e

]mhiyw ]th-in-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fpsS NnXw thK-Ønepw Ffp-

∏-Ønepw `mh-\-bn¬ hcp∂ hn[-Ønepw h√-t∏mgpw ]th-

in-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fpsS NnXw ]bm-k-s∏ v mh-\-bn¬ hcp∂

hn[-Øn-ep-amWv B°n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Da¿

\nXyhpw I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡n-bm-sW¶n¬ B

t]¿ Hm¿°p∂ amX-bn¬ Xs∂ Abm-fpsS NnXw `mh-\-

bn¬ ]Xn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ h√-t∏mgpw ImWp∂ Hcp

hy‡nbpsS cq]w B t]¿ tIƒ°p∂ amX-bn¬ Xs∂ mh-

\-bn¬ ]Xn-bp-Ibn-√. AXv hcm≥ Iptd Xmakw ]nSn-°pw.

AXv ]Xn-bp-∂Xpw kv]jvS-amb cq]-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. AXv

t]mse Xs∂ sNdp-∏-Øn-¬ ]Tn® Hcp `mj-bn¬ h√ hmN-

Itam ]Ztam tIƒ°p-Itbm ]d-bp-Itbm sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

B ]Z-Øn-s‚tbm hmN-I-Øn-s‚tbm A¿∞hpw AXns‚

bYm¿∞-cq-]hpw B hN-\-tØm-sSm∏w Xs∂ a\-n¬ ]Xn-

bp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZmlcWambn sh≈sat∂m sdm´nsbt∂m

tIƒ°ptºmƒ Xs∂ AXns‚ A¿YtØmsSm∏w

sh≈Øns‚bpw sdm´nbpsSbpw bYm¿∞ \nebpw

73ZnIvsd Cemln

cq]hpsa√mw mh\bn¬ ]Xnbp∂XpamWv. F∂m¬ \ap°v

XnI®pw kzm[o-\hpw ]mT-hp-an-√m-sØmcp `mj-bn-emWv B

]Z-ßƒ tIƒ°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv AXbpw thK-Øn¬ \ΩpsS

`mh-\-bn¬ ]Xn-bp-I-bn√. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Cw•o-jn¬ XnI®pw

]mS-h-an-√mØ Hcp hnZym¿∞n tI‰v (cat) F∂ ]Zw tI´m¬

]q®-sb-∂mWv AXns‚ A¿Y-sa∂v a\-n-em-°p-sa-¶nepw B

arK-Øns‚ cq]hpw \ne-bp-sa√mw mh-\-bn¬ thK-Øn¬ ]Xn-

bp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ ]q®-sb∂v tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ AsX√mw

`mh-\-bn¬ ]Xn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ta¬ hnh-cn® ImcWw sIm≠mWv Ad_n mj \∂mbn

Adn-bm-Ø-hcpw AXv icn°v kwkm-cn-°m≥ hi-an-√m-Ø-h-cp-

amb Bfp-Iƒ°v \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤ \ne-\n¬°m-Ø-Xv.

hmN-I-ß-fpsS Bi-bhpw IqSn mh-\-bn¬ hcp-sa-¶n¬ amXsa

i≤ \ne-\n¬°p-I-bp≈q. Ad-_n-bn¬ \√ ]cn-⁄m-\-an-

√mØ Imc-W-Øm¬ AØ-c-°m¿°v hmN-I-ß-tfmsSm∏w

AXns‚ Bibw hcn-I-bn-√. Bibw hcm≥ Xm-akw t\cnSpw

Cøm° \Av_pZp F∂ hN\w HmXp-tºmƒ amen°n

buan±o≥ F∂ hN-\-Øn-s‚tbm A¿dlvam\n¿dlow F∂

hN-\-Øn-s‚tbm A¿∞-am-bn-cn°pw a\-n¬ ]Xn-bp-I. A°m-

c-W-Øm¬ i≤ icn°pw \ne-\n¬°p-I-bn-√. At∏mƒ \a-

kvI-mc-Øns‚ icn-bm-b- ew Ic-ÿ-am-hp-I-bp-an-√. AXn-\m¬

Ad-_n - m-j-bn¬ th≠X hn⁄m-\-an-√m-Ø-hcpw amXr- m-

j-sb-t∏mse Xs∂ A¿∞w icn°pw a\-n-em-°m≥ ]bm-

k-ap-≈-hcpw hN-\-ßƒ [rXn-bn¬ HmXm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-XmWv. Hcp

hmN-I-Øns‚ A¿∞w icn°pw a\-n¬ ]Xn-bp-∂-Xp-hsc

as‰mcp hmNIw HmXm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv. DZmlcWambn

_nkvan√mln ¿d“m\n ¿dlow F∂v HmXptºmƒ AXns‚

A¿Yw icn°pw Kln®Xn\p tijw A¬lwZp en√mln

d∫n¬ Beao≥ F∂v sNm√pI. CXv Kln®Xn\p tijw

ASpØXv sNm√pI. Cßs\ sNbvXn√msb¶n¬ \mhn¬ Hcp

hm°pw a\n¬ as‰mcmibhpambncn°pw hcnI. Aßs\

74ZnIvsd Cemln

Nn¥Iƒ NnXdnt∏mIpIbpw i≤ \jvSs∏SpIbpw

sNøp∂XmWv. Ad-_n - mj \∂mbn ]Xn-bp-∂-Xn\v th≠n

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ kmh-Im-i-Ønepw \n¿Øn \n¿Ønbpw ]mcm-

bWw sNøp-∂Xpw \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ amX-

a-√, ]kw-Khpw D]-tZ-ihpw sNøp∂ Ah-k-c-Ønepw kmh-

Imiw ssIsIm-t≈≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ lkvdØv

A_q- lp-ssdd a‰p-≈-h¿°v hfsc [rXn-bnepw H®-bnepw

lZokv hnh-cn®p sImSp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CXv tI´-t∏mƒ

lkvdØv Bbn-i(-d) AXm-cm-sW∂pw F¥mWv sNøp-∂-

sX∂pw tNmZn-®p. Rm≥ A_q-lp-ssd-d-bm-sW∂pw lZokv

tIƒ∏n-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw At±lw ]d-™p. F¥v? dkq¬ Xncp-

ta-\nbpw CØ-c-Øn-em-bn-cpt∂m kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv? Bbni

(d) tNmZn®p. CXv tI -t∏mƒ A_q-lp-ssdd au\-a-h-ew-

_n-®p.

Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-tºmgpw D]-tZ-in-°p-tºmgpw

]kw-Kn-°p-tºm-gp-sa√mw kmh-Imiw ssIs°m-≈pI F∂-

Xm-bn-cp∂p dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n bpsS kº-Zm-bw. Aßs\

sNøm-\m-bn-cp∂p At±lw I¬]n-®n-cp-∂-Xpw. B kº-Zm-bhpw

I¬]-\bpw Xs∂-bmWv \Ωfpw kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xv. Aßs\

sNbvXm¬ i≤ icn°pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xm-Wv. \mhn-sem∂pw

lrZ-b-Øn¬ as‰m∂pw BsW∂ Ipg∏w D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.

]¥-≠m-asØ hgn:˛ \a-kvI-cn-°m≥ \n∂m¬ ZrjvSn kpPq-

Zns‚ ÿe-tØ-°m-°-W-sa∂v \n¿t±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. A[n-

I-am-fp-Ifpw CXn¬ hogvN hcp-Øp-∂p. ]ecpw \a-kvImc thf-

bn¬ IÆ-S-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. IÆ-S-®m¬ i≤ \ne-

\n¬°p-sa-∂mWv Ah-cpsS hnNm-cw. F∂m¬ IÆv Xpd∂p

sh°p-∂-Xn-emWv i≤ \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xv. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂-

bmWv \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v \n∂m¬ ZrjvSn kpPq-Zns‚ ÿe-tØ-

°m-°-W-sa∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

lkvdØv inlm_p±o≥ kplvd-h¿Zn (dlv) At±-l-Øns‚

75ZnIvsd Cemln

‘Ahm-cn-^p¬ aB-cn^v’F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv,

‘dp°qAv ’ thfbn¬ amXw ZrjvSn c≠p Imep-I-fpsS CS-bn¬

B°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. AXp icn-bm-sW-∂mWv F‚bpw A`n-]m-

bw.

ZrjvSn ‘kpPqZn ’s‚ ÿe-Øm-°p-∂-XmWv KpW-I-chpw

`‡n-tZym-X-I-hpw. ZrjvSnsb ]cn-an-X-am°n \n¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ hen-

sbmcp XXzw AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v. a\p-jys‚ krjvSn-∏n¬ A√mlp

Hcp Imcyw Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXm-bXv Ahs‚ Hcp

t_mt[µnbw icn°pw ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ CXc Cµn-b-ßƒ ]h¿Øn-°m-sX-bm-Ip-∂p. DZm-l-c-

Wambn Hcmƒ ]q¿Æ Xm¬]-cy-tØm-Sp-IqSn Hcp km[\w

ho£n-°p-∂-Xn¬ ebn®p t]mbm¬ B kµ¿ -Øn¬ Abmsf

h√-hcpw hnfn-®m¬ AXv Abm-fpsS i≤-bn¬s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. A]-

Imcw Xs∂ XnI™ Bkzm-Zy-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn h√Xpw tIƒ°p-

∂-Xn¬ sNhn ebn-®n-cn-°p∂ kµ¿ -Øn¬ aq°ns‚ LmW-

i-‡nbpw Ipd-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. aq°v kpK-‘-Zhyw aW-°p-∂-Xn¬

]q¿Æ-ambn ebn-®n-cn-°p-tºmƒ IÆn-s‚bpw ImXn-s‚bpw

ImWm\pw tIƒ°m-\p-ap≈ i‡n°pw aß-te¬°p-∂p. Npcp-

°-Øn¬ Hcp Cµnbw AXns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn

G¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw AXn¬ hfsc Xm¬]-cy-tØmSp IqSn ebn-®p-

t]m-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂ kµ¿ -Øn¬ CXc Cµn-b-ß-fpsS

]h¿Ø\ i‡n°v aµX _m[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ Hcp

Cµn-bhpw ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p∂ kµ¿ -Øn¬

hnhn-[-ß-fmb Nn¥-Iƒ h∂p a\p-jys\ Ae- p-∂-Xm-Wv.

CXns‚ ImcWw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp Cµnbw ]q¿Æ-amb

]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ebn-°m-Ø-XmWv. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ CXc

Cµn-b-ßƒ aptJ\ D≠m-Im-\n-S-bp≈ Nn¥-Iƒ XS-b-s∏-Sp-

∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ \a-kvImc thf-bn¬ IÆns\ AXns‚ ]q¿Æ-

amb ]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v hnSp-Ibpw AXns\ kpPq-Zns‚ ÿeØv

t\m°p-∂-Xn¬ amXw tIµo-I-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

Aßns\ sNbvXm¬ amXw B kµ¿ -Øn¬ hnhn-[-ß-fmb

76ZnIvsd Cemln

Nn¥-Iƒ h∂-e- p-I-bn-√.

]kvXpXImcyw \o≠ A\p- -h-ß-fn¬\n∂v a\-n-emb

Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ 1400 k¬h’-c-ßƒ°v apºv

Xs∂ Cu ]IrXn XXzsØ ap≥ \ndpØn dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n

\a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ IÆv Xpd∂p sh°-W-sa∂pw kpPq-Zns‚

ÿe-tØ°v ho£n-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]cn-an-X-am-°-W-sa∂pw \n¿t±-

in-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

]ns∂ GXv Cµn-bsØ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-®m-emWv

a\p-jy≥ hnhn[ Nn¥-I-fn¬ \n∂p ]q¿Æ-ambpw c£-s∏-Sp-

I-sb∂ Imcyhpw dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n IW-°n-se-Sp-Øn-cn-

°p-∂p. aq°ns\ ]q¿Æ-amb ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-°-W-

sa-¶n¬ AXn\v th≠n \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ hmk\m Zhy-ß-

fpsS G¿∏mSv sNtø≠n hcpw. aq°ns‚ hmk-\n-°m-\p≈

i‡nsb \ΩpsS CjvSw-t]mse \nb-¥n-°m\pw ]cn-an-X-am-

°m\pw km≤y-a-√. ]ecpw ]e-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ kpK-‘-Z-hy-

ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ i≤ tIµo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p

]Icw hnhn[ hmk-\-I-fpsS ^e-ambn i≤ hnhn[ `mK-ß-

fn-te°v amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-I. aq°ns\ t]mse-

Xs∂ sNhn-bpsS tIƒhn i‡nsbbpw CjvSw t]mse ]cn-

an-X-am°n \n¿Øm≥ km≤y-a-√. ]e i_vZ-ßfpw H∂n®p

hcptºmƒ CjvS-ap-≈Xv tIƒ°m\pw CjvS-an-√m-ØXp

tIƒ°mXncn°m\pw a\p-jy\v km≤y-a-√. H∂n®p hcp∂

i_vZ-ßƒ apgp-h\pw tIƒ°m≥ Ah≥ \n¿_-‘n-°-s∏Spw.

At∏mƒ i≤ tIµo-I-cn®p \n¿Øm≥ Ah\p km[n-°p-I-

bn-√. F∂m¬ CXn-s\√mw FXn-cmbn IÆns‚ ImgvN i‡nsb

\ΩpsS CjvS-a-\p-k-cn®v \nb-¥n-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

AXns\ ]cn-an-X-am°n \n¿Øm\pw Ah\p km[n-°pw. CjvS-

an-√mØ km[\w t\m°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv Hcm-fpsS Ign-

hn¬s∏- -Xm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n \a-kvIm-c-

Øn¬ i≤ \ne-\n¿Øm-\mbn A√m-lp-hns‚ \n¿t±-i-a-\p-k-

cn®v IÆn-s\-bmWv Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \a-kvIm-c-th-f-

77ZnIvsd Cemln

bn¬ ZrjvSn ‘kpPqZn ’ s‚ ÿe-tØ°v ]cn-an-X-am-t°-W-sa∂v

lpkq¿ I¬∏n-®p. kpPq-Zns‚ ÿeØv \ΩpsS i≤sb

BI¿jn-°p∂ hn[-Øn-ep≈ km[-\-ßƒ D≠m-h-cp-sX∂pw

\n¿t±-in-®p. Hcn°¬ \akvIcn°p∂Xn\p apºn¬ NnX-ap-

≈ Hcp I¿´≥ Xq°nbn´ncp∂Xv Xncp-ta\n \o°w sNøn-

∏n-®-Xmbpw dnt∏m¿´p-≠v.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ \ΩpsS ZrjvSn

‘kPZ’ bpsS ÿetØ°v ]cn-an-X-ambn \n¿Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

\a-kvIm-csØ Ipdn-®p≈ hnNmcw Ahs‚ lrZ-Øn¬ apg®p

\n¬°p-∂Xpw Bcm-[-\-bn¬ Ahs‚ i≤ tIµo-I-cn-°p-∂-

Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

]Xn-aq-∂m-asØ hgn:˛ Rm≥ apºv ]d-™Xv t]mse \a-

kvIm -c -Øn\v \n¬°p-tºmƒ \nø-tØmSv IqSnbpw

Dt±iy]q¿∆hpw \n¬t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-sW∂Xv t]mse

Xs∂ Hmtcm \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v \n¬°p-tºmgpw \a-kvIm-c-th-

f-bn¬ as‰mcp hnNmcw hcm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bn√ Fs∂mcp

Xocp-am-\hpw ZrV-\n-›-bhpw sNøp-I-sb-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. \a-kvIm-

c-Øn¬ CX-c -hn-Nm-c-ßƒ hcm≥ A\p-h-Zn--°-cp-sX∂v F√m-

h¿°pw Adn-bm-sa-¶nepw AsXmcp amaq¬ Imcy-sa∂ \ne°v

]ecpw i≤n-®n-s√∂v hcmw. AXn-\m¬ Hmtcm \a-kvIm-c-th-f-

bnepw B ZrV-\n-›bw ]pXp-°p-∂Xv \√Xpw KpW]Zhp-am-

Wv.

]Xn-\m-em-asØ hgn:˛ Cam-ans‚ ]n∂mse \a-kvI-cn-°p-

tºmƒ Cam-ans‚ HmXepw hN-\-ß-fp-sa√mw ‘aAvaqan’ s\

DW¿Øp-Ibpw kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. (C-amapw Pam-

A-Øp-ambn \a-kvI-cn-t°-≠-Xns‚ ]m[m-\yhpw Bh-iy-I-

Xbpw CXp-sIm≠v a\-n-em-°mw). F∂m¬ X\n-®n-cp∂v \a-

kvI-cn-°p-tºmƒ d-kq¬ Xncp-ta-\nbpw A`n-hµy klm-_n-

amcpw kq^n-h-cy≥amcpw sNbvXn-cp-∂Xp t]mse Xs∂ Nne

Jp¿-B≥ Bb-Øp-Iƒ, ]tXy-In®v `b- ‡n P\n-∏n-°p∂

Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v HmXp-I-sb-∂Xv

78ZnIvsd Cemln

\a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤ tIµo-I-cn-°m-\p≈ Hcp hgn-bm-Wv. DZm-

l-c-W-ambn CømI \Av_pZp h CømI \kvXCu≥ F∂Xv

t]mep≈ hN-\-ßƒ Bh¿Øn-t®m-Xp-∂Xv \∂mbn-cn-°pw.

HcmfpsS lrZbw \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ a‰p hnNm-c-ß-fn¬ ebn-

®n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ `‡n P\n-∏n-°p∂ Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fpsS

Bh¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ ]mcm-bWw lrZ-b-Øn¬ `bhpw

`‡nbpw D≠m-°p∂XmWv. AØcw Bh¿Ø\w \a-kvIm-c-

Øn¬ Ahs‚ i≤ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw

sNøpw.

]Xn-\-©m-asØ hgn:˛ Zo¿L-t\cw ZrV-\n-›-b-Øn¬ Dd®p

\n¬°m≥ km[n-°m-Ø-h¿°p-≈-Xm-Wv. Ah¿ inip-°sf

t]mse-bp-≈-h-cm-Wv. inip-°ƒ°v CS-°nsS ]m¬ sImSpØp

sIm≠n-cn-°Ww; Ah¿°v Zo¿L-t\cw hni∏v kln-°m≥ hø;

A[n-I-ambn £Ww Zln-°p-I-bp-an-√. Ahsc t]mse Xs∂

CØ-c-°m¿°pw CS-°nsS Xmßm-h-iy-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Ah¿

\a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ Hmtcm dI-A-Ønepw \a-kvIm-c-Øn-ep-≠m-

Ip∂ ][m\ am‰-Øns‚ L -Ønepw ]Xn⁄ ]pXp-°n-

s°m-≠n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv. Hmtcm d°-A-Øns‚ Bcw- -

Ønepw ASpØ d°-A-Øp-hsc as‰mcp hnNmcw hcm≥ A\p-

h-Zn-°-bn-s√∂v Ah¿ \nøØv sNø-Ww. Aßns\ Hmtcm d°-

Ønepw amdn hcp∂ ][m-\- L- -Ønepw ]Xn⁄ ]pXp-°n-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS a\-°-cpØv i‡n-s∏-

Sp-∂Xpw Ime-I-taW NnX-dnb Nn¥-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Ah¿°p

tamN\w e`n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

]Xn-\m-dm-asØ hgn:˛ CXc Nn¥-Iƒ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬

hcmsX i≤n-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. a\p-jy≥ A\m-hiy Nn¥-I-

fpsS ASn-a-I-fm-bn-t∏m-bm¬ ]ns∂ AØcw Nn¥-Iƒ Ahsc

hn´p amdp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ Bcw- -Øn¬ Xs∂ AXns\ t\cn-

Sp-Ibpw AØcw Nn¥-Iƒ hcm≥ Hcn-°epw A\p-h-Zn-°-bn-

s√∂v ZrV \n›bw sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ A\m-hiy Nn¥-

Iƒ \sΩ hn´p amdp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬

79ZnIvsd Cemln

Xs‚ Ipń-bpsS tcmKm-h-ÿsb Ipdn®v Nn¥ hcn-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ DSs\ Xs∂ AXns\ XS-bm≥ ian-°-Ww. AXns\

Ipdn®p Rm≥ Nn¥n-®-Xp-sIm≠p Ipń-bpsS tcmKw amdm≥

t]mIp-∂n-s√∂pw Nn¥n-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v Ipń-bpsS tcmKw

h¿≤n-°m≥ t]mIp-∂n-s√∂pw a\-n-em°n Bcw-`-Øn¬

Xs∂ AXns\ XS-bm≥ t\m°-Ww. Aßns\ sNbvXm¬ \nß-

fpsS a\-ns\ \nßƒ°v kzm[o-\n-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

]Xn-t\-gm-asØ hgn:- hoSp-I-fn¬ X\n®v ‘\^¬’\a-kvImcw

\n¿∆-ln-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-Øns‚

i_vZw \√-hÆw ImXp-I-fn¬ ]Xn-bp-am-dp-®-Øn¬ HmXp-I-sb-

∂p-≈Xm-Ip-∂p. a‰p i_vZ-ßƒ ]Xn-bp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂p \ap°v

ImXp-Isf XS-bm≥ km[y-a√. ImXp-Iƒ AXn‚ ]h¿Ø\w

\S-Øn-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\m¬ i_vZ-Øn¬IqSn ZnIvsd

Cem-ln-bpsS `mK-tØ-°-Xns\ Xncn®p hntS-≠-Xm-Wv. CXp

Xl-÷qZv \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ hfsc ]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-Wv. ]I¬

ka-bØv i_vZ-tIm-em-l-e-ß-fpsS kµ¿ -am-b-Xn-\m¬ AXp

AX ]tbm-P-\-s∏- n-s√∂p hcmw. Nne-t∏mƒ hn]-coX ew

D≠m-°n-sb∂pw hcmw.

]Xn-s\- m-asØ hgn:- \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ A\-ßmsX HXpßn

\n¬°p-I-sb-∂-XsX. Ne\w Imc-W-ambn ]pXnb Nn¥-Iƒ

D≠m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Xs∂-bp≈

\n¿≤njvS Ne-\-ßƒ Bcm-[-\°p th≠n-bp-≈-Xm-I-bm¬

AXp Imc-W-ambn ]pdw Nn¥-Iƒ hcn-I-bn-√. AØcw Ne-\-

ß-f-√mØ a‰p Ne-\-ßƒ D≠m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXp

\ΩpsS i≤sb A\y- m-K-tØ°v Xncn®p hnt -°pw. hfsc

Hgn-®p-Iq-SmØ A\-°-a-√msX a‰p- bm-sXm-c-\-°hpw \a-kvIm-

c-Øn¬ ]mSn-s√∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n \n¿t±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂-p.

A\m-hiy Ne\w Imc-W-am-bn- mWv A\m-hiy Nn¥-I-fp-≠m-

Ip-∂-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn \a-kvIm-cØn¬ Xs‚ hkvXw icn-

s∏-Sp-Øpbpw j¿ńs‚ tImf¿ t\sc-bm-°m≥ ian-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ j¿ńs\ Ipdn-®p≈ hnNmcw hcpw. j¿ v

80ZnIvsd Cemln

Iptd ]g-In-t∏mbn C\n ]pXnb Hcp j¿´v hmßn-°-W-sa∂p

tXm∂pw. At∏mƒ j¿´v hmßm-\p-f-f ]WsØ Ipdn-®p≈

Nn¥ hcpw. AXns\ XpS¿∂p Xs‚ iº-f-sØ-°p-dn®pw

AXns‚ t]mcm-bva-sb-Ip-dn-®p-sa√mw Nn¥n-°pw. Cßs\ Nn¥n-

®p-sIm-≠n-cns° Cam-ans‚ A-emap Asse°pw F∂

i_vZw \ΩpsS ImXn¬ ]Xnbpw. DSs\ \Ωfpw kmew -ho´n

\a-kvImcw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AXn-\m-emWv CXc

Nn¥-Iƒ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ ]mSn-s√∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n

hntcm-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kpPq-Zns‚ ÿeØv I√n≥ I-jW-ap-

s≠-¶n¬ AXp \o°w sNøm≥ t]mepw ian-°-cp-sX-∂mWv

I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp hfsc hnj-a-ap-≠m-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬

AXns\ Hscm‰ X´p-sIm≠p \o°w sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. AXn-

\m¬ \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ A\-ßmsX, Ign-bp-∂X \n›-e-

\mbn \n¬t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv.

]sØm-º-Xm-asØ hgn:˛ \a-kvImcw \√ Dt∑-j-tØmSpw

DW¿thmSpw IqSn \n¿h-ln-°p-I-sb-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. BSn-°p-g-

™-a- nepw hmSn-Ø-f¿∂ \ne-bnepw Hcp Imen\p mcw \¬In

at‰ Im¬ Xf¿Øn-b-Xp-amb \ne-bnepw \a-kvI-cn-°-cp-Xv. Dt∑-

j-°p-dhpw £oWhpw aSn-bp-sa√mw iXp-hn\v (]n-im-Nn-\v)

BI-an-°m-\nS \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. IqSmsX _mly-amb Npdp-Np-

dp°v B¥-co-I-amb Dt∑-jhpw DW¿hpw D≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

AXp-sIm-≠mWv \ΩpsS F√m Ne-\hpw Dt∑-j-tØm-Sp-IqSn

Bbn-cn-°-W-sa∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n Acp-fn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ccp-]-Xm-asØ hgn:˛ Cu hgnbpw kXy.-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v

]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØmhp∂XmWv. Nne kq^n-am¿ AXn¬ AXncp

Ihn™p ]h¿Øn-®n- p-≠v.

in_n-en(-dlv) Hcp kq^n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Ppss\Zv

_KvZmZn F∂ `‡\mb kq^n hcys‚ injy\mbncp∂p.

At±lw BZyw Hcp kwÿm\ Kh¿Ædm-bn-cp-∂p. Hc-h-k-c-

Øn¬ At±lw cmP -Z¿_m-dn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ\√ tkh\w sNbvX

Hcp \m´p ]am-Wn°v kΩm-\-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ cmPmhv Hcp ]´p

81ZnIvsd Cemln

jmƒ \¬Ip-∂-Xmbn I≠p. \m´p ]am-Wn°v Pe-tZm-j-ap-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. Iøn¬ Xq∆m-e-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. At±lw cmPm-hns‚

IÆp-sh-ń®p sIm≠v X\n°v Inńb jmƒsIm≠v aq°v

hrØnbm°n. CXv cmPm-hns‚ i≤-bn¬s∏- p. AXv cmPm-

hns\ hfsc tIm]n-jvS-\m°n. in_n-en(-dlv)-bpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬

ssZh- ‡n D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Cu kw`hw At±-lsØ

h√msX ]nSn®p Ipep-°n. X¬£Ww Xs∂ At±lw

t_m[£b\mbn hoWpt]mbn. DW¿∂p Ign™ DSs\

At±lw Xs‚ Kh¿Æ¿ ÿm\w cmPn sh®p. cmPmhv Imc-

W-a-t\zjn-®p. Xm¶ƒ \¬Inb kΩm-\sØ BZ-cn-°mØ Imc-

W-Øm¬ Xm¶ƒs°X tIm]w h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬

F\n°p A√mlp \¬Inb IW-°n-√mØ A\p-K-l-ßsf

Rm≥ hne-a-Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw \µn-Im-Wn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ A√mlp Ft∂mSv FX tIm]n-jvS-\m-bn-

Øocpw? CXm-bn-cp∂p in_n-en(-dlv)-bpsS adp-]-Sn. AXn\p

tijw At±lw alm-\mb Ppss\-Zp¬ _mKvZm-Zn(-dlv) F∂

hen-bpsS ASp-tØ°v t]mbn. At±-l-tØmSv Xs∂ Hcp injy-

\m-°-W-sa-∂-`y¿∞n-®p. Ppss\-Zv(-dlv) adp-]Sn ]d™p.

“Xm¶ƒ Kh¿Æ-cmbn tPmen sNbvX BfmWv. B kµ¿ -

Øn¬ Xm¶ƒ ]e-tcmSpw tZmlw sNbvXn- p-≠m-hm≥ hgn-bp-

≠v. AXn-\m¬ Fs‚ injy-\m-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√.” “CXn\p

h√ ]Xn-hn-[n-bp-apt≠m.” F∂v in_n-en(-dlv) At±-l-tØmSv

Bcm™p. Xm¶ƒ Kh¿Æ-dmbn tPmen sNbvX ]tZ-isØ

Hmtcm hońepw sN∂v Ah¿°v \nß-fn¬ \n∂v h√ tZmlhpw

D≠m-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬ AXn\p ]Xn-Imcw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂v

Ah-tcmSv ]d-b-Ww. CXm-bn-cp∂p Ppss\Zv (dlv)s‚ adp-]-Sn.

in_n-en(-dlv)A]-Imcw Xs∂ sNbvXp. Ppss\-Zn(-dlv)s‚

injy-\m-bn. ]n∂o-SmWv At±lw henb kq^n-bm-bn-Øo¿∂-

Xv.

Cu in_n-en(-dlv)-sb-Ip-dn®v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv \^¬ \a-

kvImc thf-bn¬ At±-l-Øn\v aSntbm Be-kytam D≠m-hp-

82ZnIvsd Cemln

Itbm CXc Nn¥-Iƒ i≤sb sX‰n-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ hSn-

sIm≠v Xs‚ ico-c-Øn¬ hSn Xp≠-ambn t]mIp-amdv ]l-cn-

°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚ kao]w hSn-I-fpsS

sI´p-Iƒ Xs∂ sh°m-dp-s≠∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Fs‚ A`n-

]m-b-Øn¬ CXv Iptd AXncp Ihn™ \ne-]m-Sm-Wv. Fs‚

A`n]mbØn¬ Ckvemw AXv CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. in_n-en

(-dlv)-bpsS ]hrØn At±-l-Øns‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb Imcy-am-

bXv sIm≠v Rm\-Xns\ Bt£-]n-°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬ \ΩpsS

Bflm-hns\ in£n-°m-\p≈ as‰mcp hgn-bp-≠v. AXv \a-kvIm-

c-Øn¬-GXv ÿeØv sh®mtWm \ΩpsS i≤ sX‰n-t∏m-bn-

cn-°p-∂Xv, As√-¶n¬ \ap°p Bekyw kw -hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

Bÿm-\Øv HmXn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ hmIyw ho≠pw HmXp-Ibpw

Aßs\ ]e-h´w Bh¿Øn-t°≠n h∂mepw \maXv aSn-Iq-

SmsX sNøp-I-bp-am-Wv. Aßs\ sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]nimNv

]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw \ap°v \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ GIm-KX ssIh-

cn-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Ccp-]-sØm-∂m-asØ hgn:˛ CXv hfsc e-]-Z-amb hgn-bm-

Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Ah¿(-k-

Xy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ) hy¿∞-amb Imcy-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hgn™p

\n¬°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn°pw. Cu al-Ømb KpWw Pohn-X-Øn¬

D≠m-°mØ Bfp-Iƒ ]e-t∏mgpw A\m-h-iy-amb Nn¥-I-fn¬

ebn®p t]mIp-∂-Xm-Wv. AØcw Bfp-Iƒ°v \a-kvIm-c-th-f-

bnepw ]e-hn[ Nn¥-Iƒ h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw AØ-c-°m¿ Ah-

cpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ Xs∂ Hcp am‰w hcp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. _men-

i-amb hnNm-c-ßƒ hcp-tºmƒ Bcw- -Øn¬ Xs∂ AXns\

XS-bm≥ ian-°-Ww. BIm-i-t°m´ sa\-bp-∂Xv sIm≠v

bmsXmcp ]tbm-P-\hpw C√. A¿∞ cln-X-amb Imcy-ßƒ

Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv sIm≠v \ap-s°mcp t\´hpw In´m-\p-an-√, AXn-

\m¬ at\m-cm-Py-ß-fn¬ ebn®v kabw If-bp-∂ ]Xnhv a\p-

jy≥ Hgn-hm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- a-\p-jys‚ Ignhv GXv mK-tØ°v

83ZnIvsd Cemln

Xncn®v hnSp-∂pthm Ahs‚ apgp-h≥ i≤bpw ]ns∂ B mK-

tØ°v Xs∂ ]Xn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. _meniamb Nn¥Ifn¬

\ΩpsS Xet®mdns\ sNehgn°pIbmsW¶n¬ e]Zamb

Imcyßsf°pdn®v Nn¥°m\p≈ AXns‚ Ignhv Xs∂

\jvSs∏´pt]mIpw. AXn\m¬ _men-i-amb Imcy-ßsf Ipdn®v

Nn¥n-°p∂ kº-Zmbw Xs∂ C√m-Xm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. As√-

¶n¬ AØcw Bfp-I-fpsS i≤ \a-kvIm-c-thf-bnepw CXc

`mK-ß-fn-te°v NnX-dn-t∏-Ip-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

Ccp-]Øn c≠m-asØ hgn:˛ CXpw D¬IrjvSamb Hcp am¿§-

am-Wv. a\p-jys\ CXv A≤ym-flo-I-X-bpsS Db¿∂ taJ-e-bn-

se-Øn-°p-∂p. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n -tbmSv ‘Clvkm≥’F¥m-

sW∂v tNmZn-°-s∏- p. Xncp\_n ]d™p

“A√m-lp-hns\

\o ImWp-∂p-s≠∂ `mh-Øn¬ Ahs\ Bcm-[n-°p-I. Ipd-

™-]£w A√mlp \ns∂ ImWp-∂p-s≠∂ hnNm-c-sa-¶nepw

\n\-°p-≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.” \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ Rm≥ A√m-

lp-hns‚ k∂n-[n-bn-emWv \n¬°p-∂-sX∂pw Ahs\ Rm≥

I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw D≈ Hcp t_m[w \nß-fn¬

D≠m-hp-tºmƒ al-Xz-hm\pw ]Xm-]-im-en-bp-amb A√m-lp-

hns\ I≠p-sIm≠v Ai-≤-\mbn \n¬°m≥ \nßƒ°v km[y-

am-hp-I-bn-√. B kµ¿ -Øn¬ a‰p hnNm-c-ßƒ \nß-fpsS lrZ-

b-Øn¬ hcm-≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-W-t√m. C\n A√m-lp-hns\

Rm≥ ImWp-∂p-s≠-∂ -Ahÿ \nßƒ°p-≠m°p-hm≥ Ign-

bp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ A√mlp \nßsf ImWp-∂p-s≠∂ Hcp t_m[-

sa-¶nepw \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ \nßƒ°p-≠mbn-cn-°-Ww. \nß-

fpsS Hmtcm Ne-\hpw hnNm-chpw A√mlp Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv

F∂ t_m[w \nßƒ°p-≠m-hp-tºmƒ A¬lw-Zp-en-√mlv

(k¿∆-kvXp-Xnbpw A√m-lp-hn-\m-Wv) F∂p ]d-bp∂ kµ¿ -

Øn¬ \nß-fpsS \mhn\pw lrZ-b-Øn\pw Hcp tbmPn-∏p-≠m-

bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. \mhp sIm≠v \nßƒ A√m-lp-hn\p kvXpXn

84ZnIvsd Cemln

]d-bptºmƒ a‰p h√ hnNm-c-Ønepw s] v \nß-fpsS lrZbw

Ae-bp-∂Xv icn-bm-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. A√mlp \nßsf ImWp-

∂p-s≠∂ t_m[w At∏mƒ \nßƒ°n-s√-∂m-WXp a\-n-

em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. Ds≠-¶n¬ \mthm-sSm∏w Xs∂ lrZ-bhpw

A¬lwZp en-√mlv F∂v G‰p ]d-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. B Ah-ÿ-

sb-¶nepw \nß-ƒ°p≠m-°m≥ km[-n-®m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬

\nßƒ Ai-≤-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-

bp∂p. Zmk≥ Hcp dI-A-sØ-¶nepw a‰p hnNm-c-ß-fn¬ ebn-

°msX GIm-K-X-tbmsS `b- -‡n-tbmSv IqSn \n¿∆-ln-®m¬

Ahs‚ apgp-h≥ ]m]-ßfpw A√mlp s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-

∂-Xm-Wvv. At∏mƒ F√m \a-kvIm-chpw Cu \ne-bn¬ \n¿∆-

ln-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcm-fpsS alXzw FX Db¿∂-Xm-sW∂v

Duln-°mat√m. AXn-\m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ \ΩpsS i≤

A√m-lp-hns‚ mK-tØ°v Xncn®p hnSp-I-sb-∂Xv \nm-c-amb

Hcp Imcy-a-√.

A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øm¬ Rm\n-t∏mƒ \nßƒ°v

hnh-cn®p X∂n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ \nm-c-am-sW∂v IcpXn

X≈n-°-f-b-cp-Xv. AXp icn°pw Hm¿Ω-sh-bv°p-Ibpw ]tbm-

K-Øn¬ hcp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ hfsc A\p-K-

lhpw ku`m-Kyhpw ssIh-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.

\a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ Ah-km\w \mw ‘A-em-ap-A-sse°pw’

F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. CXpw \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ i≤- \n-e-\n¿Øp∂

Imcy-Øn¬ a\p-jy\v A¬`p-X-I-c-amb kqN\ \¬Ip-I-bmWv

sNøp-∂-Xv. ]pdØp \n∂p hcp∂ h√-h-cp-am-Wt√m A-emap

Asse°pw F∂p ]d-bp-I. kXy-hn-izmkn \a-kvImcw

Ign™p A-emap Asse°pw F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXns‚

A¿∞w, Rm≥ CXphsc A√mlphns‚ k∂n[nbnembncp∂p.

Fs‚ Bcm[\ Ign™p. Rm≥ aS-ßn-h-∂n-cn-°-bm-Wv.

\nßƒ°mbn kam-[m-\-Øn-s‚bpw c£-bp-sSbpw ktµiw

A√m-lp-hns‚ Z¿_m-dn¬ \n∂pw sIm≠p-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-

∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ CXp A¿∞-h-Øm-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv \a-kvIm-

85ZnIvsd Cemln

cw -\ΩptSXmbnØocp-tºmƒ amX-am-Ip-∂p. Bcm-[-\-bn¬ ebn-

®p-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ apºmsI b- -‡n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ipºn-

Sp-Ibpw Ah-t\mSv ]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂

Hcmsf kw_-‘n®p amXta CXv icn-bm-hp-I-bp-≈q. Ah≥

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Cu temI-Øn¬ \n∂v hn -I∂v A√m-lp-hns‚

k∂n-[n-bn¬ t]mb-h-\m-sW∂p IW-°m-°mw. Ah≥ \a-kvI-

cm-\-¥cw A-em-ap-A-sse°pw F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv kµ¿t`m-

NnXw Xs∂. Aßs\ ]d-bm≥ Ah\p A¿l-X-bp-≠v. Ah-

sc-Ip-dn®v Xs∂bmWv Ah¿ \a-kvIm-csØ ImØp kq£n-

°p-∂-h-cmWv F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xp. ]nimNv Ah-cpsS \a-

kvIm-csØ sX‰n®p NoØ-bm-°m≥ ian-°p-sa-¶nepw kXy-

hn-izm-knIƒ Ahs‚ AI-asØ \∂mbn sNdp-°p-Ibpw \a-

kvIm-c-sØ -i-cn°pw kq£n-®v kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-

Wv. \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v \n¬°p-tºmƒXs∂ Rßƒ A√m-lp-

hns‚ k∂n-[-n-bn-te°v t]mhpI-bm-sW∂ t_m[-tØmSv IqSn-

bm-bn-cn°pw Ah¿ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬

\a-kvIm-cm-\-¥cw Ah¿ Xs‚ CSØpw heØpw D≈ ktlm-

Z-c≥am¿°v A-em-ap-A-sse°pw F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv kµ¿t`m-

Nn-X-amWv. Aßs\ \a-kvI-cn-°mØ Hcmƒ \a-kvIm-cm-\-¥cw

A-emap Asse°pw F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn-e¿∞-an-√. A√m-lp-

hns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ t]mImØ Hcmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ ktµiw

Fßns\ sIm≠v hcm-\mWv? Ah-cXv ]d-bp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv

XnI®pw If-hm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn¬ A√m-lp-

hn¬\n∂pw \nßsf AI-‰m≥ ian-°p∂ ]nim-Nns\ \∂mbn

t\cn-Sp-Ibpw Ahs‚ F√m IpX-¥-ß-sfbpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-

Øm≥ ian-°p-Ibpw th≠-Xm-Wv. Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ Ah-

km\w \nßƒ hnP-bn-°pI Xs∂ sNøpw. A√m-Ø-]£w

A√mlp \nßsf ssIhn´p If-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

]ckyamb ZnIvdpIƒ

aq∂v Xcw ZnIvdp-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv CXp-hsc hnh-cn-®-Xv. H∂m-

a-tØXv \a-kvIm-cw. c≠m-a-tØXv Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw; aq∂m-

86ZnIvsd Cemln

a-tØXv \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v ]pdsa sNø-s∏-Sp∂ ZnIvdp-Iƒ.

CsX√mw H‰°v X\nsb sNø-s∏-Sp∂ ZnIvdp-I-fm-Wv. F∂m¬

C\n kZ-p-fn¬ ]c-ky-ambn sNø-s∏Sp∂ as‰mcp Xc-Øn-

ep≈ ZnIvdns\°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bm-\p-≈-Xv. AXv c≠v hn[-Øn-

em-Wv. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v At\ym\yw Hcp-an®p IqSm≥

In´p∂ kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ Ah¿ A\m-h-iyhpw A¿∞-c-ln-X-hp-

amb Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®p kwkm-cn®p kabw ]mgm-°p-∂-Xn\v

]Icw A√m-lp-hns‚ i‡n alm-fly-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Ah≥

\ap°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ hnhn[ß-fmb \∑-I-sfbpw KpW-

ß-sfbpw Ipdn®pw kwkm-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Aßns\ sNøp-

∂Xv \ΩpsS lrZb ]cn-ip≤n hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw \Ωn¬ \√

]Xn-I-cWw D≠m-°p-∂-Xn\pw Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°pw. Hc-h-k-c-

Øn¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]≈n-bn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ, Nne¿

H‰°p \a-kvIm-c-Øn-te¿s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbpw a‰p Nne¿ Np‰p-

an-cp∂v aX-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-sf-°pdn®v kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xmbpw

N¿® sNøp-∂-Xmbpw I≠p. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n N¿®

sNøp∂hcp-sS H∂n®v sN∂n-cn-°p-Ibpw \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h-

cp-sS-Xn-t\-°mƒ DØ-a-amb Imcyw CXm-sW∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. CXv a\-n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv, Nne kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ H‰°v

sNøp∂ ZnIvdn-t\-°mƒ Iq´mbn, ]c-ky-ambn \ne-bn¬ sNøp∂

ZnIvdmWv DØ-a-am-b-sX-∂m-Wv. Nne kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ H‰°v sNø-

s∏-Sp∂ ZnIvdp-Ifpw Bhiyw Xs∂-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Bfp-Iƒ

Hcp-an®p IqSp∂ kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ ]c-ky-amb hn[-Øn¬ aX-]-

c-amb Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw N¿® sNøp-I-bp-

amWv ]tbm-P-\-I-cw. AXv aptJ\ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS ]e A\p- -

h-ßƒ ihn-°m\pw \Ωp-tSXv a‰p-f-f-h¿°v tIƒ∏n-°m\pw

kµ¿`w e`n-°p-∂p. AØcw kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ H‰°v Ccp∂v

ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂Xpw \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xpw Nne-t∏mƒ Im]-Syhpw

Al-¶m-chpw D≠m-°n-tb-°pw.

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ Z¿kv FSp-°p-∂Xpw kzk-tlm-Z-c≥am-

cpsS CS-bn¬ in£-W]-c-amb ]kw-K-ßfpw D]-tZ-i-ßfpw

87ZnIvsd Cemln

sNøp-∂-Xp-sa√mw ]c-ky-ambn sNø-s∏-Sp∂ ZnIvdp-Iƒ Xs∂-

bm-Wv.

]c-ky-ambn sNø-s∏-Sp∂ c≠m-asØ hn[-Øn-ep≈ ZnIv¿,

A\y-cp-sSbpw FXn-cm-fn-I-fp-sSbpw CS-bn¬ sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-h-

bm-Wv. Ckvema-√mØ FXv aX-hn- m-K-°mcpw A√m-lp-hns‚

KpW-a-lm-flyß-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ G‰°pd-®n-

ep-Iƒ hcp-Øn-b-Xm-bn-°m-Wmw. Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hns‚

bYm¿∞ KpW-a-lm-fly-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Ahs‚ i‡n ]`m-

h-ßsf Ipdn®pwa\-n-em°n sImSp-°p-∂Xpw hnh-cn®p sImSp-

°p-∂Xpsa√mw ZnIv¿ Xs∂-bm-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-

∂p. Cu Bb-Øn¬ P\-

ßƒ°v ssZh-in-£-sb-°p-dn®p ap∂-dnbn∏v \¬Ip-∂-tXm-

sSm∏w Xs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ D∂-X-amb ÿm\-sØ-°p-dn®v

Ah¿°v hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pw I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

At∏mƒ ‘XIv_o¿’ZnIvdn¬ Dƒs∏- -Xm-sW∂p h∂p. AXm-

bXv A√m-lp-hns‚ D∂-X-amb ]Z-hn-sbbpw ÿm\ alm-fly-

sØbpw Ipdn®v P\-ßƒ°v hnh-cn®p sImSp-°p-I-sb-∂Xv

‘ZnIvsd Cemln’ bn¬ Dƒs∏- -Xm-sW∂p kmcw. CXv Xs∂-

bmWv kqd-Øp¬ AAvembn¬ (k¿t∆m-

∂-X-\mb \ns‚ c£n-Xm-hns‚ \masØ ]Io¿Ø\w sNøp-

I) F∂ Bb-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]kvXpX A≤ym-

b-Øn¬ XpS¿∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv “D]-tZ-

in-°p-I, D]-tZiw ]tbm-P-\-I-c-amWv.” F∂m-Wv, ChnsS D]-

tZiw sNøp-I-sb-∂-Xn\v ‘ZnIvdv ’F∂ ]Z-amWv Dt]m-b-Kn-®n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. a‰p-≈-h¿°v D]-tZiw sNøp-∂Xv ZnIvsd Cem-ln-

bn¬ Dƒs∏- Xv Xs∂-bm-sW-∂mWv CXv a\-n-em-°n-Ø-cp-

∂-Xv.

ZnIvdv sNøp-∂Xv sIm≠p≈ ]tbm-P\w

1. C\n ZnIvdv sNøp-∂Xv sIm≠p≈ ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ Fs¥m-

88ZnIvsd Cemln

s°-bm-sW∂v ]d-bmw. G‰hpw henb ]tbm-P\w AXv aptJ\

A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn Ic-ÿ-am-Ip-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv. AXns‚

A¿∞w CsXmcp k¬I¿Ω-am-Wv. a‰v k¬I¿Ω-ß-fn-se∂

t]mse CXnepw A√mlp Xr]vX-\m-Ip-∂p-sh-∂√; adn®v

CXn¬ A√mlp ]tXy-I-amb \ne-bn¬ Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-

∂m-Wv. Hcp ]hr-Øn-bpsS hep-∏hpw ]m[m-\y-hp-a-\p-k-cn-

®m-bn-cn-°p-at√m AXns‚ ]Xn- -ew. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ Hcp

ÿeØv A√m-lp-hn\v ZnIvdv sNøp-∂Xv he ZnIvdp√mln

AIv_¿ hfsc henb Imcy-am-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂p. as‰mcp

ÿeØv Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp-∂p:--

kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb kvXo]p-cp-j≥am¿°v XmtgmcØpIqSn

Acp-hn-Iƒ Hgp-Ip∂ kz¿§w A√mlp hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cn-

°p-∂p. AXn¬ Ah¿ imiz-X-ambn hkn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

B imiz-X-amb kz¿§-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤-amb Xmak ÿe-ßfpw

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn\v ]pdsa henb ]Xn- -

e-amb A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXnbpw Ah¿°v e`n-°p-∂-XmWv

F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. G‰hpw henb k¬°¿Ω-Øns‚

]Xn- -ehpw G‰hpw hepXv Xs∂-bm-bn-cn°pw; AsXm-cn-°epw

sNdp-Xm-bn-cn-°n-√. ]kvXpX Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øn¬ kXy

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v e`n-°p∂ ]e ]Xn- -esØ Ipdn®pw ]d-

™-Xn\v tij-amWv G‰hpw henb ]Xn- -e-amb ‘A√m-lp-

hns‚ Xr-]vXnbpw’ Ah¿°v e`n-°p-∂XmWv F∂v ]d-™n-cn-

°p∂Xv. Hcn-SØv G‰hpw henb k¬I¿Ωw ‘ZnIv¿’BsW∂p

]d-™p. as‰m-cn-SØv G‰hpw henb ]Xn- ew ‘A√m-lp-hns‚

Xr]vXn'-bm-sW∂p ]d-™p. bYm∞-Øn¬ Hcp Zmk\v e`n-

89ZnIvsd Cemln

°m-hp∂ G‰hpw henb kΩm\w Ahs‚ A√mlp Ah-

t\mSv Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂Xv Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ B

G‰hpw henb kΩm\w e`n-°m-\mbn kXy hnizm-kn-Iƒ

tase D≤-cn® Xc-Øn-ep≈ hnhn-[-ß-fmb ZnIvdp-Iƒ sNbvXp-

sIm-≠n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv.

2. ZnI¿ sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-≈ c≠m-asØ ]tbm-P\w AXv

ImcWambn a\xim¥n e`n-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv. A√mlp ]d-

bp∂p:˛

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIvdv aptJ\ a\x-im¥n e`n-

°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿°v(ln-Zm-bØv \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.) Adn-bp-

I, A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIvdv(-kva-c-W) Imc-W-ambn a\x-im¥n

ssIh-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. B]¬L- -Øn¬ Xm≥ AXpImc-W-ambn

\in®p t]mIp-∂-Xm-sW-∂ hnNmcw hcp-tºm-gmWv a\p-jy\v

]cn- -ahpw Ak-am-[m-\hpw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. GXv hnj-a-Øn\pw

B]-Øn\pw Xs‚ Iøn¬ ]cn-lm-c-ap-s≠∂v a\-n-em-°p∂

Hcmƒ°v ]cn- -a-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. A√m-lp-hns\ ZnIvdv sNbvXp-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v Adnbmw A√mlp A]-cn-an-X-amb

Ign-hp-≈-h-\m-sW-∂pw, GXv hnja k‘n-bn¬\n∂pw X\n°v

ap‡n \¬Im≥ i‡\m-sW∂pw. AXn-\m¬ Ah\v Ft∏mgpw

a\x-im¥n D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

3. ZnIv¿ sIm≠p≈ aq∂m-asØ ]tbm-P\w ZnIv¿ sNøp∂

Zmks\ A√mlp Xs‚ kplr-Ømbn kzoI-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xm-Wv.

A√mlp ]d-bp∂p

“\nßƒ Fs∂ ZnIv¿ sNøpI (kva-cn-°p-I) Rm≥ \nß-

sfbpw kvacn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.” A√mlp Hcmsf kvacn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

]d-™m¬ A√mlp Ahs\ kplr-Ømbn IW-°m-°p-Ibpw

Ahs‚ Z¿_m-dn¬ ÿm\w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂m-Wv.

GXpt]mse Hcp cmPmhv Hcmsf Hm¿Øncn°p∂p F∂v

90ZnIvsd Cemln

]dbp∂Xns‚ A¿Yw B hy‡nsb cmPmhv Xs‚ Z¿_mdn¬

hnfn°pI F∂XmWv. CtXt]mse A√mlphpw sNøp∂p.

4. ZnIvdv sIm≠p≈ \mem-asØ ]tbm-P\w A√mlp ZnIvdv

sNøp∂ Bsf Xn∑-bn¬ \n∂pw c£n-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv.

A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛

(d-kq¬ Xncp-ta-\n- tbmSv A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv)

“\n\°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ KŸsØ \o P\-ßƒ°v HmXn-

t°ƒ∏n®p sImSp-°pI; \a-kvImcw \ne-\n¿ØpI; \n›-b-

ambpw \a-kvImcw Xn∑-sbbpw \oN-I¿Ω-ß-sfbpw XS-bp-∂-

XmWv; A√m-lp-hn\v ZnIvdv sNøp-I-sb-∂Xv henb Hcp Imcy-

amWv.” apºv ]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]mse D]-tZ-ihpw \a-kvIm-c-hp-

sa√mw ZnIv¿X-s∂-bm-Wv. ZnIv¿ Xn∑sb XS-bp-∂p. ImcWw

ZnIv¿ henb (`m-cn-®) Imcy-am-sW-∂mWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

`mcn® km[-\w-sIm≠v ]nim-Nns‚ inc-n\v X√v In´n-bm¬

Ah≥ \n¿÷o-h-\m-bn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. ]ns∂ Ah\v Zpjvt]c-

W°v i‡n D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-X-√.

5. ZnIv¿ sIm≠p≈ A©m-asØ ]tbm-P\w ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-

hs‚ lrZbw i‡n-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. FXn¿i-‡n-Isf

t\cn-Sm-\p≈ i‡n Ah\v e`n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.-]-cm-P-b-

t_m[w Ahs\ _m[n-°p-I-bn√ A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p˛

G, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sf, FXn¿ ssk\y-ß-sf(-i-‡n-

I-sf) \nßƒ t\cn-tS≠n hcp-tºmƒ \nßƒ Dd®v \n¬°pI;

91ZnIvsd Cemln

\nßƒ°v hnPbw ssIh-cm-\mbn \nßƒ A-[n-I-ambn A√m-

lp-hns\ ZnIv¿ sNøp-I(-kva-cn-°p-I). CXp-sIm≠v a\-n-em-

Ip-∂Xv ZnIv¿ Imc-W-ambn \ΩpsS a\x-°-cpØv h¿≤n-°p-sa-

∂m-Wv.

6. ZnIv¿ sIm≠p-≈ Bdm-asØ ]tbm-P\w a\p-jy\v e£y-

]m]vXn ssIh-cp-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. “\nßƒ°v hnPbw ssIh-cm--\mbn \nßƒ A[n-I-ambn A√m-

lp-hns\ ZnIv¿ sNøpI” F∂ ]kvXpX Bb-Øn¬\n∂p

CXp kv]jvS-am-Ip-∂p.

7. ZnIv¿ sIm≠p≈ Ggm-asØ ]tbm-P-\w- Jnbm-aw \m-fn¬

A√m-lp-hns‚ XW-en¬ IognemIm-\p≈ ku`mKyw e`n-°p-

sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-bp-∂Xv B \mƒ

`b-¶-c-amb Hcp \mfm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw A∂v F√m ]hm-N-

I≥am¿ Xs∂bpw `b-s∏´p t]mIp-sa-∂pw -A√mlp hfsc

tIm]n-jvS-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂pw, ZpjvIr-X≥am-cmb F√m-h-scbpw

A∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ apºmsI sIm≠p hcp-sa-∂pw, kqcy≥

A∂v hfsc kao-]-kvX-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-am-Wv. B \mfn¬ Ggv

Iq´¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ XW-en-em-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw Ah-cn¬ Hcp

Iq´¿ A√m-lp-hn\v ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v dkq¬

Xncp-ta-\n ]d™p Xcp-∂p. AØcw kmlNcyØn¬

BcnemtWm A√mlphns‚ XWep≈Xv Ah¿

ku`mKyhm∑mcmbncn°pw.

8. ZnIv¿ sIm≠p≈ F´m-asØ ]tbm-P\w ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-

hs‚ ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ A[n-I-ambn kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-

Wv. Jp¿-B-\n¬ h∂n-cn-°p∂ ]m¿∞-\-I-fpsS XpS-°-Øn¬

ZnIv¿ AYhm ‘Xkv_olpw’ ‘XlvaoZpw’ h∂-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw.

Jp¿-B-\nse H∂m-asØ ZpB kqd-^m-Øn-l-bm-W-t√m.

AXn¬

hsc-bp≈ -h-N-\-ßƒ sIm≠mWv Bcw`n®ncn°p∂Xv. ]ns∂

92ZnIvsd Cemln

F∂Xv a≤y-Øn¬ sh®ncn°p∂p. Cu

hN-\-Ønse BZysØ A¿≤- mKw A√m-lp-ambn _‘-s∏-

´Xpw _m°n- mKw a\p-jy-\p-ambn _‘-s∏- -Xp-am-Wv. AXn\v

tij-amWv

F∂p≈ ]m¿∞-\-bpsS hN-\-ßƒ Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv.BZyw

A√mlp Zn°v¿ sh®ncn°p∂p. ]n∂oSmWv ]m¿∞\

sh®ncn°p∂Xv. Cu `uXoI temIØpw Cu coXnbmWv

Ahew_n°p∂sX∂v \Ωp°v a\nem°mw. Hcp

`n£°mcm≥ BcpsSsb¶nepw ASpØv sN∂m¬ BZyw

Bbmsf kvXpXn®p ]dbp∂p. ]n∂oSv Xs‚ Bhiyßƒ

\ncØp∂p. AXn\m¬ A√mlphns‚ k∂n[nbn¬

sN√ptºmƒ BZyw A√mlphn s‚ i‡n amlmflysØ

]‰nbpw ]n∂oSv Xs‚ Ignhn√mbvabpw G‰p]dtb≠XmWv.

l: bq\p-kv \-_n bpsS ]m¿∞-\-bnepw \mw CXv ImWp-

∂p. At±lw Xs‚ Imcyw ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºmbn

“Bcm-[-\-°¿l-\mbn \ob-√msX a‰m-cp-an√; \o ]cn-ip-≤-

\mWv; Rm≥ tZmln-I-fn¬ s] -h-\mW v ” F∂v ]d-bp-I-

bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

“Fs‚ ZnIvdn¬ kZm- ap-gp-In-b-h-\v Ft∂mSv kZm tNmZn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-s\-°mƒ Rm≥ A[nIw sImSp-°p∂p” F∂v

A√mlp ]d-bp-∂-Xmbn dkq¬Xn-cp-ta-\n ]d-bp-∂p. Cu

93ZnIvsd Cemln

lZo-kns‚ hnh-£, ]m¿∞n-°-cp-sX-∂-√. kqdm- m-Øn-l

DΩp¬ Jp¿B≥ BWv. AXn¬ ZnIvdn-t\m-sSm-∂n®p ]m¿∞-

\bpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-°m-Wmw. At∏mƒ

ZnIvdn√msX ZpB amXw sNøp∂hs\°mƒ ZpBbpw ZnIvdpw

Hcpan®v sNøp∂hs‚ ]m¿∞\bmWv A[nIambn kzoIcn°

s∏SpI F∂XmWnXns‚ hnh£sb∂p a\nem°mw.

9. ZnIv¿ sIm≠p≈ Hº-Xm-asØ ]tbm-P\w AXv Imc-W-

ambn ]m]-ßƒ s]mdp-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv. kap-Z-ß-fn-

ep≈ N≠n-N-h-dp-Iƒ°v Xpey-ambn ]m]-ß-fp≠mbmepw

‘XIv_o¿' ‘XlvaoZpw ‘Xkv_olv’ (ZnIv¿) aptJ\ AXv s]mdp-

°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-bp-∂p.

10. ZnIvdv sIm≠p≈ ]Øm-asØ ]tbm-P\w AXv Imc-W-

ambn _p≤n-i‡n h¿≤n-°p-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv, kzbw B›-cy-

s∏- p-t]m-Ip-∂-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ Nne Bflo-b-⁄m-\-ßƒ ZnIv¿

sNøp-∂-h-\n¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Cu Bb-Øn¬ “BIm-i-tKm-f-ß-fp-sSbpw qan-bp-sSbpw

krjvSn-∏nepw Zn\-cmXßfpsS am‰-Ønepw _p≤n-am≥am¿°v

A\-h[n ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ D≠v ” F∂v ]d-bp-∂p.- “A√m-lp-

hns\ \n∂vsIm≠pw Ccp-∂p-sIm≠pw InS-∂p-sIm≠pw kvacn-

°p-∂-h-cpw (ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-h¿) BIm-i-tKm-f-ß-fpsS krjvSn-

∏n¬ AXm-bXv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ Nn¥n-°p-

∂-h-cpam-bn-cn°pw _p≤n-am≥am¿. F∂pw ]kvXpX Bb-

Øp-Iƒ Xs∂ XpS¿∂v ]kvXm-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.11. ZnIv¿ sIm≠p≈ ]Xn-s\m-∂m-asØ ]tbm-P\w AXv

94ZnIvsd Cemln

aptJ\ XJvh(ssZ-h- -‡n) D≠m-Ip-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Hcp lZo-

kn¬ A√mlp ]d-bp-\-∂-Xmbn dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n ]d-bp-

∂p.

Zmk≥ Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns\ ZnIv¿ sNøp-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ A√mlp B Zmks\ kvacn-°p-∂-Xm-W-sX. AXm-

bXv ‘kp_vlm\-√mlv ’ A√mlp ]cn-ip-≤-\m-sW∂v Zmk≥

]dbp-tºmƒ ]cn-ip-≤X \n\°v ssIh-cp-sa∂v A√m-lphpw

]d-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. A√mlp AXv ]d-bp-tºmƒ \ap-°Xv e`n-°p-

sa∂v Xo¿®-bm-bn-cn-°pw. ]ns∂ Zmk≥ P\-ß-fpsS CS-bn-

emWv A√m-lp-hn-s\-Ip-dn®v ]d-bp-∂-sX-¶n¬ B P\-ß-sf-

°mƒ DØ-a≥am-cm-b-h-cn¬- A-hs\ Ipd-n-®p≈ ]kvXm-h-\-

bp-≠m-hm≥ A√mlp CS-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv

`‡≥amcpw k≥am¿Kn-I-fp-am-b-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ Ah≥ kvacn-

°-s∏-Spw. temIw Ahs\ \√-h\pw `‡-\p-am-sW∂v G‰v

]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw.

12. ZnIv¿ sIm≠p≈ ]¥-≠m-asØ ]tbm-P\w A√m-lp-hn-

t\m-Sp≈ apl-∫-Øv (-kvt\-lw) h¿≤n-°p-sa-∂-Xm-Wv.

GsXmcp km[-\-hp-ambn \ap°v XpS¿®-bmb _‘-ap-≠m-Ip-

∂pthm AXn-t\mSv AXn-c‰ kvt\l-ap-≠Ipw F∂Xv a\p-jy-

]-Ir-Xn-bm-Wv. \mw hkn-°p∂ \mSn-t\mSpw ] -W-tØmSpw

\ap°v kvt\l-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ cmXnbpw ]Iepw XpS¿®-

bmbn A√m-lp-hns\ kvacn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°pIbpw Ahs‚

\masØ ]Io¿Ø\w sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

h-cpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ Ime-I-a-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈

kvt\lw h¿≤n®p hcp-sa∂v Xo¿®-bm-Wv.

95ZnIvsd Cemln

A√mlp-hns\ ZnIv¿ sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p≈ ]tbm-P-\-ß-

fmWv Rm≥ Npcp-°-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®-Xv. AXn¬\n∂v ]tbm-

P\w Ic-ÿ-am-°m-\p≈ ku`mKyw F\n°pw \nßƒ°pw

A√mlp \¬Ip-am-dm-I-s´, Bao≥.

dhikre ilahi new - islamahmadiyya · 2 znivsd cemln dhikre ilaahi (malayalam translation of an urdu...

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