Development of ComputerizedReading List and Library Book Orders System

for the Department of Computer Science

bY

Abd. Ghani Golamdin

Dissertation Submitted for the degree the Degree ofMSc in lnformation Technology (Business Information System)

Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Keele

StaffordshireST5 5BG

l

September 1996

CONTENTS

ABSTRACTACKNOWLEDGMENTS

CHAPTER 1 - MTRODUCTION1.1 OBJECTIVE1.2 CURRENT SYSTEM

1.2.1 Keele University System1.2.2 Scope of Current System1.2.3 Role and Responsibility1.2.4 Description of Current System1.2.4.1 Preparation of Reading List1.2.4.2 Ordering of Books

1.3 PROBLEM1.4 WEAKNESS OF THE SYSTEM1.5 THE GOAL

CHAPTER 2 - TECHNIQUE AND METHODOLOGY2 .1 TECHNIQUE2.2 ANALYSIS2.3 DESIGN2.4 IMPLEMENTATION2.5 SYSTEM TEST2.6 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS

CHAPTER 3-ANALYSTS 1 63.1 PROCESS ANALYSIS 1 63 .2 STATEMENT OF PURPOSE 1 63 .3 CONTEXT DIAGRAM 1 73.4 EVENT LISTS 1 93.5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM 2 2

CHAPTER 4 - DESIGN4.1 DESIGN4.2 DESIGN PROCESS4.3 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL

4.3.2 Description of Entity-Relationship Diagram4.4 DATABASE DESIGN

4.4.1 A Set of Relations4.5 SCREEN DESIGN AND DIALOGUE

Page

111122334881 1

1 21 21 31 31 41 41 5

2 32 32 32 42 52 62 72 8

CHAPTER 5 - IMPLEMENTATION 2 95.1 EVALUATION OF DEVELOPMENT TOOLS5.2 HIGHLIGHTED FEATURES OF PARADOX

FOR DEVELOPING THE APPLICATTON5.2.1 Concepts Used in Paradox5.2.2 Features in Paradox

5.3 PHASE OF IMPLEMENTATION5.3.1 STAGE l-Creating Working Directory5.3.2 STAGE 2Creating Table5.3.3 STAGE 3-Developing An Application

5.3.3.1 Sub-module: B O O K3 8

2 93 1

3 13 13 53 53 53 6

5.3.3.2 Sub-module READING LIST 4 05.3.3.3 Sub-module O R D E R 4 25.3.3.4 Sub-module MODULE 4 4

CHAPTER 6XONCLUSION 4 76.1 MEETING OBJECTlVE 4 76.2 ANALYSIS OF REQUIREMENT 4 76.3 DESIGN 4 86.4 IMPLEMENTATION OF PROTOTYPE SYSTEM 4 86.5 DELIVERED SYSTEM 4 86.6 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS 4 96.7 CASE TOOLS 4 96.8 PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES 5 06 .9 TESTING 5 06.10 CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR 5 06.11 SUGGESTION 5 1

6.11.1 Overall Approach 5 16.11.2 Database Solution 5 26.11.3 Issues 5 3

APPENDIX

APPENDIX 1 - MODULE DELIVERY FORM 5 4APPENDIX 2 - LIST OF RECOMMENDED TEXTS FOR READTNG LIST 5 6APPENDIX 3 - MANUAL ORDER FORM 5 9APPENDIX 4 - MEMOS 6 2APPENDIX 5 - FORM USED TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ABOUT THE 6 5

LOCATION OF THE BOOKAPPENDIX 6 - FORM USED TO PROVIDE DETAILED INFORMATTON 6 7

ABOUT THE BOOKSAPPENDIX 7 - DETAIL EXPLANATION OF THE EVENTS 6 9APPENDIX 8 - DATAFLOW DIAGRAMS AND THEIR DESCRIPTIONS 8 2APPENDIX 9 - VERSIONS OF ENTITY RELATTONSHTP DTAGRAM 1 0 4

APPENDIX 10 - ATTRIBUTES OF THE ENTITIES 1 1 1APPENDIX 11 - SCREEN LAYOUT 1 3 0APPENDIX 12 - TABLES AND THEIR STRUCTURES FOR PROTOTYPE 1 3 9

SYSTEMAPPENDIX 13 - FORMS FOR SUB-MODULE BOOK 1 4 3APPENDIX 14 - FORMS FOR SUB-MODULE READING LIST 1 4 7APPENDIX 15 - FORMS FOR SUB-MODULE ORDER 1 4 9APPENDIX 16 - FORMS FOR SUB-MODULE MODULE 1 5 5APPENDIX 17 - U S E R M A N U A L 1 5 9APPENDIX 18 - REFERENCES 1 6 7

ABSTRACT

The aim of this project was to develop a computerized system for the reading lists andlibrary book orders system for Department of Computer Science, Keele University.The system provided for an efficient control and management of the reading list andordering of books.

The methodology for the development of this system is based on the structuredmodelling technique. The design was refined iteratively until it met the usersrequirement.

A prototype system was implemented to illustrate our design. The implementation usesParadox as a relational database system and ObjectPAL as Object Oriented softwaredevelopment method.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I would like to express my sincere thanks to Dr. John Stell, who has continuouslyguided me in completing the project. His knowledge of the subject and his researchexperience has been most influential on my handling of the project.

My thanks also go to Dr. C. Johnson for his enlightening lectures on databases andapplications of Paradox which are fundamental to the development of the project.

I am also grateful to Mrs. Brenda Banks who has been most helpful in providingessential information about Paradox.

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this project is to develop computerized reading lists and library bookOrders System (RILBOS), for use in the Department of Computer Science, KeeleUniversity. It covers analysis of the current system and its problems, design, anddevelopment of a prototype of system as a model of the implementation.

While keeping in mind the purpose of the project is to identify how the current systemcan be improved through automation to meet the organizational goal. However, it isnot necessary to automate the whole function as a computer based system. Some ofthe area may simply require changes to existing procedures, rearranging workflowsand to distribute some of the responsibilities to the related personnel to improve thesystem as a whole.

-1.2 CURRENT SYSTEM

1.2.1 Keele University Library

The University Library at Keele forms parts of the Keele Information Services, whichalso includes the Computer Centre and Media and Communications Centre. Libraryfacilities are concentrated in the centrally located Information Services building, wherethe Computer Centre is also located.

The library houses some 500,000 books and subscribes to approximately 2,000journals. The stock is arranged by subjects, using Library of Congress classification.Periodicals are shelved separately from books. Most of the books are listed in theOracle Library online catalogue.

There is a campus-wide access to a wide range of online databases and services, andthe Library has many CD-ROM databases which is available to the members. Anumber of these are now networked and available from public PCs in the InformationServices building, via Library Online.

i

1

The contents of

the thesis is for

internal user

only

[ Fred R. MC. Fadden. Jeffrey A. Hopper, 19911Fred R. MC. Fadden. Jeffrey A. Hoffer. Modern Database Management. TheBenjamin/Cummings Publishing Company.TNC.

[ C. J. Date. 1986 ]C. J. Date. An introduction to Database Systems. Addison-Wesley PublishingCompany. 1986.

[ I. T. Hawryszkiewycz 19911I. T. Hawryszkiewycz. Tntroduction to Systems Analysis and Design. Prentice Hall.1991.

[ S. Skidmore, R. Farmer and G. Mills 1992 ]S. Skidmore, R. Farmer and G. Mills. SSADM Version 4 Models and Methods. NCCBlackwell. 1992

[ D. E. Avison 1985 ]D. E. Avision. Information Systems Development. A. Database Approach. BlackwellScientific Publications 1985.

[ M. Meldrum M Lejk P. Guy 1993 ]M. Meldrum M Lejk P. Guy. SSADM Techniques. an introduction to Version 4.Chartwell Bratt. Studentlittevatur 1993.

[ Borland, 1985 ]Borland. Paradox for Windows Guide to Object Pal. Borland International. Inc. 1985

[ Borland, 1985 ]Borland. Paradox For Windows. User’s Guide. Borland International Inc. 1985

[ Borland, 1985 ]Borland. Paradox for Windows. Getting Started. Borland International Inc 1985.

[ Borland, 1985 ]Borland. Paradox For Windows. Object Pal Reference. Borland International Tnc.1985.

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