detailed flora and vegetation survey lot 500 great eastern

ENV IRONMENTAL

Prepared for Lynas Kalgoorlie Pty Ltd 2 April 2020

Detailed Flora and Vegetation Survey Lot 500 Great Eastern Highway, Yilkari

Detailed Flora and Vegetation Survey Lot 500, Great Eastern Highway, Yilkari

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Document Status

Rev No.

Authors Reviewer/s Date Approved for Issue Name Distributed To Date

1 D.Brearley J.Bull 07/02/20 D.Brearley P.Jansen 14/02/202 D.Brearley P.Jansen 01/04/20 D.Brearley P.Jansen 02/04/20

ACN 095 837 120 PO Box 227 YALLINGUP WA 6282 Telephone 0427339842 E-mail: [email protected]

COPYRIGHT: The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Onshore Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written permission of Onshore Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd constitutes an infringement of copyright.

DISCLAIMER: This report has been undertaken solely for Lynas Kalgoorlie Pty Ltd. No responsibility is accepted to any third party who may come into possession of this report in whatever manner and who may use or rely on the whole or any part of this report. If any such third party attempts to rely on any information contained in this report such party should obtain independent advice in relation to such information.


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Lynas Kalgoorlie Pty Ltd (Lynas) commissioned Onshore Environmental Consultants (Onshore Environmental) to undertake a detailed flora and vegetation survey of Lot 500 Great Eastern Highway, Yilkari (herein referred to as the study area) (Figure 1). The study area covers 134.92 hectares (ha) and is situated approximately 9 km southwest of Kalgoorlie in the Goldfields region of Western Australia. Rare earth concentrate from the Mt Weld mine near Laverton will undergo a cracking and leaching process at the Kalgoorlie Rare Earths Recovery Project.

The flora and vegetation survey was completed under fair seasonal conditions between the 20th and 24th of November 2019 by a Principal Botanist with over 15 years’ experience working in the bioregion.

A total number of 104 plant taxa (including varieties and subspecies) from 25 families and 51 genera were recorded from the study area. Species representation was greatest among the Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Asteraceae families. The most speciose genus was Eremophila (12 taxa) followed by Eucalyptus and Maireana (9 taxa), Acacia (5 taxa), Atriplex and Sclerolaena (4 taxa).

None of the plant taxa recorded from the study area were gazetted as Threatened Flora pursuant to the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act), or listed under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). There were no Priority flora taxa, as listed by the Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions (DBCA), recorded from the study area, and none of the plant taxa recorded were considered to represent a significant range extension from their current known distributions.

Eight introduced species were recorded by Onshore Environmental at November 2019, with an additional two weed species recorded during a previous reconnaissance flora and vegetation survey of Lot 500 in June 2018. None of these ten introduced species recorded from the study area are listed as Declared Pests under the Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007 (BAM Act 2007).

A total of seven vegetation associations classified as six broad floristic formations and occurring on four broad landforms were described and mapped from the study area. None of the vegetation associations were aligned with any federal or state listed Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) or state listed Priority Ecological Communities (PECs) documented from the Coolgardie bioregion.

Vegetation within the study area was determined to be well represented at all levels (statewide, bioregional [IBRA region and IBRA sub-region] and local), with greater than 96.2% of the pre-European extent remaining for the one Beard (1978) vegetation association represented. The proportion of the same vegetation association occurring within secure (Class I-IV) reserves ranged from 8.1% to 11.3% at the state level, bioregional and local levels, which is under the 15% minimum standard. However, given that the proposed development will not significantly reduce the pre-European extent of the Beard vegetation association represented (i.e. it will remain well above the 30% threshold within the bioregion), the reservation status is determined to be of least concern for biodiversity conservation.


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Vegetation condition within the study area was predominantly rated as very good (130.8 ha or 97%), with small areas along the boundary of the lot rated as good (4.0 ha or 3%). Disturbances included edge effects along roads and access tracks, historic ground disturbance activities, rubbish dumping, mine exploration, sandalwood cutting, timber cutting, historical revegetation, grazing by rabbits, motorbike tracks and unauthorised camping activities.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... iv

1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Preamble ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Land Use ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Biogeographic Regions .................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Climate ............................................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Soils ................................................................................................................................... 3 1.6 Landforms ......................................................................................................................... 4 1.7 Flora and Vegetation ......................................................................................................... 4

2.0 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Legislation and Guidance Statements ............................................................................ 7 2.2 Desktop Assessment ........................................................................................................ 7

2.2.1 Literature Review .......................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Database Searches....................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.3 Assessment of Likelihood of Occurrence in the Study Area ......................................................... 7 2.2.4 Assessment of Conservation Significance .................................................................................... 8

2.3 Survey Methodology ......................................................................................................... 9 2.3.1 Timing and Personnel ................................................................................................................... 9 2.3.2 Sampling of Study Sites ................................................................................................................ 9 2.3.3 Targeted Surveys for Conservation Significant Species ............................................................. 11 2.3.4 Weed Survey and Mapping ......................................................................................................... 11 2.3.5 Floristic Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 11 2.3.6 Vegetation Association Mapping ................................................................................................. 12 2.3.7 Vegetation Association Coding ................................................................................................... 12 2.3.8 Vouchering .................................................................................................................................. 12 2.3.9 Field Survey Constraints ............................................................................................................. 14

3.0 RESULTS .................................................................................................................... 15 3.1 Desktop Review............................................................................................................... 15

3.1.1 Previous Baseline Flora Surveys ................................................................................................ 15 3.1.2 Threatened Flora listed under the EPBC Act .............................................................................. 15 3.1.3 Threatened Flora listed under the IUCN Red List ....................................................................... 15 3.1.4 Threatened Flora listed under the BC Act ................................................................................... 15 3.1.5 Priority Flora recognised by the DBCA ....................................................................................... 16 3.1.6 TECs listed under State and Federal Legislation ........................................................................ 16 3.1.7 PECs recognised by DBCA......................................................................................................... 16

3.2 Flora Species ................................................................................................................... 18 3.3 Significant Flora .............................................................................................................. 19

3.3.1 Threatened Flora listed under the BC Act and EPBC Act ........................................................... 19 3.3.2 Significant Flora .......................................................................................................................... 19 3.3.3 Range Extensions ....................................................................................................................... 19

3.4 Introduced Flora .............................................................................................................. 19 3.5 Vegetation Condition ...................................................................................................... 21 3.6 Vegetation ........................................................................................................................ 23 3.7 Representation and Reservation of Vegetation ........................................................... 35 3.8 Conservation Significance of Vegetation ..................................................................... 37

3.8.1 National Significance................................................................................................................... 37 3.8.2 State Significance ....................................................................................................................... 37 3.8.3 Local Significance ....................................................................................................................... 37

4.0 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... 38

5.0 STUDY TEAM .............................................................................................................. 39


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6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................................... 40

APPENDIX 1 Conservation Codes ............................................................................................................................................... 43 APPENDIX 2 Vegetation condition scale (as developed by Keighery 1994) ............................................................................... 49 APPENDIX 3 Column Fusion Dendrogram 16 quadrats by 81 plant taxa .................................................................................... 51 APPENDIX 4 Vegetation classifications for the Pilbara based on Specht (1970), as modified by Aplin (1979) and Trudgen (2009) ................................................................................................................................................................................ 53 APPENDIX 5 Total flora list from the study area ........................................................................................................................... 55 APPENDIX 6 Species by site matrix for the study area ................................................................................................................ 60 APPENDIX 7 Representative photographs, raw data and total flora spreadsheets recorded for the 16 quadrats assessed within the study area ......................................................................................................................................................... 64 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Location of the study area................................................................................................................. 2 Figure 2 Rainfall and climatic data recorded at the Kalgoorlie-Boulder Airport station (12038) for 2019, with long term average (Bureau of Meteorology 2019). ................................................................................................... 3 Figure 3 Beard (1978) vegetation associations represented within the study area. ....................................... 6 Figure 4 Species accumulation curve for the 16 quadrats formally assessed within the study area. ............. 9 Figure 5 Location of study sites (quadrats) within the study area. ................................................................ 10 Figure 6 Introduced species within the study area. ....................................................................................... 20 Figure 7 Vegetation condition map for the study area. ................................................................................. 22 Figure 8 Vegetation association map for the study area. .............................................................................. 26 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Pre-European extent of vegetation associations occurring within the study area (Shepherd et al. 2002). .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Table 2 Ranking system used to assign the likelihood that a species would occur in the study area. .......... 8 Table 3 Vegetation association descriptions (based on the methods used under the National Vegetation Information System, Department of the Environment 2003). .................................................................................. 13 Table 4 Vegetation Stratum Levels (modified from Department of the Environment 2003). ........................ 13 Table 5 Relevance of limitations, as identified by EPA (2016a), to the flora and vegetation survey. .......... 14 Table 6 Significant flora previously recorded from a 50 km search radius of the study area (DBCA 2019a). . ........................................................................................................................................................ 17 Table 7 Statistics for total flora recorded from the study area. .................................................................... 18 Table 8 Introduced species recorded from the study area. .......................................................................... 19 Table 9 Vegetation condition within the study area. .................................................................................... 21 Table 10 Vegetation associations mapped within the study area. ................................................................. 24 Table 11 Pre-European extent of vegetation represented on the basis of identified datasets (Government of Western Australia 2018). ........................................................................................................................................ 36


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1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preamble In May 2019, Lynas announced the Lynas 2025 Growth Strategy to meet growing demand for rare earths. The key component of the strategy was a new cracking and leaching plant based in Western Australia to include a 50 percent increase in current capacity, while continuing to feed the existing Malaysian based plant. The new plant will treat rare earth concentrate from the Mt Weld mine near Laverton.

As part of required approvals for the new cracking and leaching plant, Onshore Environmental was commissioned to undertake a detailed flora and vegetation survey of Lot 500 Great Eastern Highway, Yilkari (herein referred to as the study area) (Figure 1). It is proposed that the Kalgoorlie Rare Earths Recovery Project will be constructed on Lot 500. The study area covers 134.92 ha (1.35 km2) and is situated approximately 9 km southwest of Kalgoorlie in the Goldfields region of Western Australia.

The field survey was completed by a Principal Botanist from Onshore Environmental between the 20th and 24th of November 2019.

1.2 Land Use The dominant land uses surrounding urban development forming the City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder are grazing of rangelands, crown reserves and mining. Kalgoorlie is the main regional urban and industrial centre within the region. Mining occurs immediately adjacent to Kalgoorlie, Coolgardie and many of the small towns in the Goldfields, with numerous small abandoned mines and open shafts across the landscape. The study area is a greenfield site, historically and currently undeveloped and unoccupied, and zoned ‘Future Industry’.

1.3 Biogeographic Regions The latest version of the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA7) divides Australia into 89 bioregions based on climate, geology, landform, native vegetation and species information, and includes 419 sub-regions (Department of Environment 2013). The bioregions and sub-regions are the reporting unit for assessing the status of native ecosystems and their level of protection in the National Reserve System.

The study area is located within the Eastern Goldfields sub-region (COO003) of the Coolgardie bioregion, which covers over 5.1 million hectares (CALM, 2002). The Eastern Goldfields sub-region comprises vegetation dominated by Mallees, Acacia thickets and shrub heaths on sandplains, diverse Eucalyptus woodlands around salt lakes, on ranges, and in valleys, while salt lakes support dwarf shrublands of samphire. Woodlands and Dodonaea shrubland occur on basic graninulites of the Fraser Range. The subregion is rich in endemic Acacias (CALM, 2002).

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Sources: Esri, HERE, Garmin, Intermap, increment P Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, OrdnanceSurvey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), swisstopo, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community

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Lot 350 Study Area Location

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Requested by: DBInternal Reference: LYNAS_LocDrawn by: GSM

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1.4 Climate The Kalgoorlie region has an arid to semi-arid climate. The closest weather station to the study area is the Kalgoorlie-Boulder Airport station, approximately 7 km east of the study area. Average annual rainfall is 267 mm. The rainfall pattern is bimodal with a peak in February and another smaller peak in June. Summer rainfall originates from deteriorating tropical cyclones that cross the coast of northern Western Australia and dissipate to the south east. Winter rainfall results from cold fronts crossing the southern coastline and moving inland. Mean maximum summer temperatures peak at 33 degrees with mean minimum winter temperatures down to 5 degrees.

In 2019 above average monthly rainfall occurred in April and July, with the remaining months through to the November field survey recording below average falls (Figure 2). A total of 27 mm was received during the four months prior to the field survey, compared to the long term average of 75 mm for the same period. Seasonal conditions at the time of the field survey was rated as ‘fair’.

Figure 2 Rainfall and climatic data recorded at the Kalgoorlie-Boulder Airport station (12038) for 2019, with long term average (Bureau of Meteorology 2019).

1.5 Soils Tille (2007) classified the most recent and detailed mapping of Western Australia’s rangelands and arid interior into a hierarchy of soil-landscape mapping units. The study area is located within the Kalgoorlie Province, which has been divided into six soil-landscape zones.

The Kambalda Zone overlies the greenstone of the Eastern Goldfields and Southern Cross Granite-Greenstone Terrane tectonic units of Tyler and Hocking (2001). It lies

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within the Salinaland and Coonana-Ragged Plateau Sections of Jennings and Mabbutt (1977) and is differentiated from the Norseman Zone due to the preponderance of the stony plains with acacia shrublands and halophytic shrublands, low hills with eucalypt or acacia woodlands with halophytic undershrubs, stony plains with acacia shrublands and alluvial plains with eucalypt woodlands and halophytic undershrubs rangeland land types (Pringle 1994).

The zone comprises flat to undulating plains (with hills, ranges and some salt lakes and stony plains) on greenstone and granitic rocks of the Yilgarn Craton. Soils were mapped as unit Mx43 – brown deep loamy duplex. More specifically, the surface horizon (0-75 mm) was described as brown sandy loam with abundant ferruginous segregations and a few quartz medium gravel sized coarse fragments, with the lower horizon (75-125 mm) described as yellow sandy medium clay.

1.6 Landforms The Kalgoorlie Province consists of an extensive plateau of low relief; flat to undulating plains with small valleys (occasionally broken by low narrow rocky hills, ridges, tors and bosses) are most commonly found on granitic terrain. These plains support silcrete duricrust, claypans, salt lakes with dunes and lunettes, gilgai areas, small remnants of sand plain, and small dune tracts. Low breakaways with short saline footslopes are also occasionally present. Below these plains are some broad, flat to undulating, shallow valley plains formed on Quaternary alluvium and colluvium. These plains show little defined drainage and some seasonal lakes and claypans with isolated granitic and basic rock outcrops. Slightly lower down in the landscape are broad, flat valleys with chains of salt lakes. Also present on these valley floors are saline flats, claypans, kopi dunes, sand dunes, and sometimes tors and bosses of outcropping granites. Higher up in the landscape are gently sloping to gently undulating plateau areas on granites and gneisses. These have long gentle slopes and, in places, abrupt erosional scarps. Some granitic bosses and tors are present. Rocky ranges, hills and ridges have formed on the greenstone, along with some undulating to low hilly country. Associated with this hilly terrain are gently undulating stony plains and low rises on limonite. Level to gently undulating sandplains and gravelly sandplains are mostly found over lateritic residuals and granitic basement. There are also some extensive loamy plains with sandy surfaces.

The study area is topographically flat to undulating, set on predominantly a red loam over a clay base soil type.

1.7 Flora and Vegetation The study area is located within the Austin Botanical District, within the Coolgardie IBRA region of the South-western Interzone (Beard 1990). Beard (1978) described and mapped vegetation of the Kalgoorlie area at 1:250 000, differentiating eight vegetation systems. The original vegetation mapping undertaken by Beard (1978) was refined by Shepherd et al. (2002), who defined one vegetation association covering the study area (Figure 3). The Pre-European extent currently remaining for Vegetation association 9 is 97.78%, with 1.56% of the current extent protected within Class I-IV conservation reserves (Table 1).


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Table 1 Pre-European extent of vegetation associations occurring within the study area (Shepherd et al. 2002).

Vegetation Association Description

Pre-European

Extent (ha) % Remaining

Current Extent in Class I-IV Reserves

(ha)

% Current Extent in Class I-IV Reserves

9 Medium woodland; coral gum (Eucalyptus torquata) & goldfields blackbutt (E. le soufii)

240,509 97.78 3,669 1.56

COOLGARDIE,9

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FIGURE 3


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2.0 METHODOLOGY 2.1 Legislation and Guidance Statements The detailed flora and vegetation survey was carried out in a manner that was compliant with Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) requirements for the environmental surveying and reporting of flora and vegetation in Western Australia:

Technical Guidance Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment (EPA 2016a); and

Environmental Factor Guideline: Flora and Vegetation (EPA 2016b).

2.2 Desktop Assessment

2.2.1 Literature Review Regional scale reports relevant to the study area locality were reviewed, including:

a summary of bioregional data (Cowen 2001); and vegetation description and mapping by Beard (1976).

In addition, there was a recent reconnaissance flora and vegetation survey undertaken at Lot 500 Great Eastern Highway on behalf of the City of Kalgoorlie on the 13th June 2018 (Native Vegetation Solutions 2018).

2.2.2 Database Searches Desktop searches included databases relating to significant flora, TECs and PECs previously collected or described within, or in close proximity to, the study area. For this report the search was extended beyond the study area to place flora values into a local and regional context. The following databases were searched:

NatureMap1: This database represents the most comprehensive source of information on the distribution of Western Australia’s flora, comprising records from the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA) Threatened Flora database and the WA Herbarium Specimen Database (50 km radial search) (DBCA 2020);

DBCA’s Threatened and Priority flora database was searched to confirm the NatureMap results (50 km radial search) (DBCA 2018a);

DBCA’s TEC, PEC and Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) database was searched to identify significant communities (50 km radial search) (DBCA 2018b);

EPBC Act Protected Matters database (10 km radial search) (DoEE 2020); and

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) database) (IUCN 2020).

2.2.3 Assessment of Likelihood of Occurrence in the Study Area A list of conservation significant species occurring within a 50 km radius of the study area was compiled during the desktop searches. The likelihood of each taxon occurring within the study area was assessed using a set of rankings and criteria (Table 2) based on presence of suitable landform (inferred from aerial imagery with contours overlayed and from knowledge of the adjacent areas) and distance to known records.


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Table 2 Ranking system used to assign the likelihood that a species would occur in the study area.

Rank Criteria

Recorded The species has been recorded in the study area.

Likely to occur The species has previously been recorded from a landform which is present within the study area, and there are previous records within a 10 km radius of the study area.

Possible to occur The species has previously been recorded from a landform which is present within the study area, and there are previous records within a 10-50 km radius of the study area.

Unlikely to occur The landform from which the species has previously been recorded is absent within the study area, and/or there are no previous records within a 50 km radius of the study area.

2.2.4 Assessment of Conservation Significance The conservation significance of flora and ecological communities are classified at a Commonwealth, State and Local level on the basis of various Acts and Agreements, including: International Level:

IUCN: The IUCN ‘Red List’ lists species at risk under nine categories (status codes) (Appendix 1).

Commonwealth Level: EPBC Act: The DoEE lists Threatened flora and ecological communities,

which are determined by the Threatened Species Scientific Committee according to criteria set out in the Act. The Act lists flora that are considered to be of conservation significance under one of six categories (Appendix 1).

State Level: BC Act: At a State level, native flora species are protected under the BC Act

– Wildlife Conservation Notice. A number of species are assigned an additional level of conservation significance based on a limited number of known populations and the perceived threats to these locations (Appendix 1); and

DBCA Priority list: DBCA produces a list of Priority species and ecological communities that have not been assigned statutory protection under the WC Act. Possibly threatened species that do not meet survey criteria, or are otherwise data deficient, are added under Priorities 1, 2 or 3. Species that are adequately known, are rare but not threatened, or meet criteria for near threatened, or that have been removed from the threatened species list for other taxonomic reasons, are placed in Priority 4. These species require regular monitoring (see Appendix 1). The list of PECs identifies those that need further investigation before nomination for TEC status at a State level.

Local Level: Species may be considered of local conservation significance because of

their patterns of distribution and abundance. Although not formally protected by legislation, such species are acknowledged to be in decline as a result of threatening processes, primarily habitat loss through land clearing.


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2.3 Survey Methodology

2.3.1 Timing and Personnel The flora and vegetation survey was completed by Principal Botanist Dr Jerome Bull working between the 20th and 24th of November 2019. The field botanist has 15 years’ experience working in the Goldfields region.

2.3.2 Sampling of Study Sites The field survey involved systematic sampling using quadrats (referred to as study sites). Relevé vegetation descriptions were made to increase the accuracy of vegetation mapping and targeted searches were completed in habitats where it was anticipated that significant flora might occur. The study sites were 20 m by 20 m in dimension which is standard for the Coolgardie bioregion. The number of study sites sampled was determined by the size and heterogeneity of the study area, and confirmed by a species accumulation curve (Figure 4). A total of 16 quadrats were formally assessed. The locations of all quadrats sampled are provided in Figure 5.

Figure 4 Species accumulation curve for the 16 quadrats formally assessed within the study area.

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Location of study sites (quadrats) within the study

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Date: Status:

Requested by: DBInternal Reference: Lynas_SLDrawn by: GSM

31/01/2020Final

A3Figure: 1

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FIGURE 5


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The sampling sites were assessed to provide a list of the total flora occurring within the study area and a description of the vegetation structure. Data collected covered a range of environmental parameters including:

Landform and habitat; Aspect; Soil colour and soil type; Rock type; Slope (angle); Vegetation condition; Disturbance (caused by fire, clearing, grazing etc.); Age since fire; Broad floristic formation; Vegetation association description; and Height and percentage ground cover provided by individual plant taxa.

Other parameters recorded for each study site were: Study site number and date of assessment; Names of the botanists undertaking the assessment; Location description a waypoint – GPS coordinate (GDA94) using a handheld

GPS; and Photograph number.

Vegetation condition for each of the study sites was determined using a recognised rating scale (based on Keighery 1994, see Appendix 2).

2.3.3 Targeted Surveys for Conservation Significant Species Targeted searches for species of conservation significance were completed within the study area. Ground truthing provided an opportunity to record opportunistic locations for Threatened and Priority listed flora and undertake closer examination of specific landforms where conservation significant flora would be expected to occur.

2.3.4 Weed Survey and Mapping Introduced species were recorded from the study sites assessed within the study area. Opportunistic collections were also made while moving throughout the study area, with targeted weed searches completed in high moisture habitats.

2.3.5 Floristic Analysis A multivariate statistical analysis of the floristic quadrat data (16 quadrats) was completed to assist in understanding the vegetation-habitat relationships within the study area. Statistical analysis of quadrat data can support delineation of vegetation associations within the study area, and provide comparison against locally significant communities (TECs and PECs) where quadrat data is available.

A two-way classification (Agglomerative Hierarchical Fusion) of the presence/absence quadrat data was carried out on the 81 taxa x 16 quadrat dataset using the program PATN (Belbin 2003). The flexible unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) classification strategy was used (β = -0.1), together with the Bray-Curtis site similarity measure. The number of groups to be determined was set at seven. The primary output of the classification was in the form of a dendrogram (Appendix 3).


12

The results from the statistical analysis need to be appropriately analysed by an experienced botanist, and effects such as fire disturbance, ephemeral taxa, and spatial distribution of quadrats taken into consideration when interpreting the results. Plant taxa that occupy a range of vegetation types can obscure vegetation patterning and influence statistical outputs. It must be acknowledged that the results of multivariate statistical analysis may not always align with the delineated vegetation associations; in these insistences an explanation for the differences will be provided.

2.3.6 Vegetation Association Mapping The classification of vegetation associations within the study area follow the height, life form and density classes of Specht (1970) as modified by Aplin (1979) and Trudgen (2009) (see Appendix 4). This is largely a structural classification suitable for broader scale mapping, but taking all ecologically significant strata into account.

The description of vegetation associations lead with the most dominant strata (based on percent cover) and flora species listed start with the most dominant (Table 3). Table 4 further describes and categorises these strata and gives examples of potential growth forms for each, e.g. over-storey (U), mid-storey (M) and under-storey (G) vegetation strata.

Vegetation associations recorded within the study area are grouped according to ‘broad floristic formation’ (refer to Table 3). A broad floristic formation describes the dominant growth form, cover and height as well as the dominant land cover genus for the dominant stratum (DEH 2003).

The vegetation mapping utilised high-resolution aerial photography of the entire study area at a scale of 1:12,500, with definition of vegetation polygons based on contrasting shading patterns. Ground-truthing of the study area was completed during the survey with vegetation descriptions made within selected vegetation polygons to confirm dominant structural layers and associated plant taxa. The 16 study sites and numerous relevé plots were overlaid on the aerial photography, and associated flora and vegetation data was used to provide vegetation association descriptions for individual polygons defined.

2.3.7 Vegetation Association Coding A vegetation association code is applied to each vegetation association. This code is comprised of the dominant landform on which the vegetation association occurs and the dominant plant taxa in each vegetation stratum.

2.3.8 Vouchering At least one voucher specimen was taken for each species collected to verify identification. Taxonomy was completed by Dr Jerome Bull at the Western Australian Herbarium (WAH) with use made of the WAH for confirmation of species identification.


13

Table 3 Vegetation association descriptions (based on the methods used under the National Vegetation Information System, Department of the Environment 2003).

Description Species Cover Soils Landscape Position

Example

Broad Floristic Formation

The one dominant genus name for the dominant stratum, e.g. Acacia

One cover class for the dominant stratum, e.g. Low Woodland. If two strata have the same cover range, the taller stratum is listed

Not relevant Not relevant Acacia Low Woodland

Vegetation Association (describe three strata – refer Table 4)

Up to three dominant species listed for each stratum, e.g. Acacia incurvaneura Acacia pruinocarpa and Acacia pteraneura

One cover class code for each stratum, e.g. Low Open Woodland, Open Shrubland, Low Open Shrubland

State soil colour and type, e.g. red sandy loam

Include the landscape position, e.g. stony plain

Low Open Woodland of Acacia incurvaneura, A.pruinocarpa & A.pteraneura over Open Shrubland of Eremophila spathulata over Low Open Shrubland of Ptilotus schwartzii, P.obovatus & Solanum lasiophyllum on red sandy loam on stony plains

Table 4 Vegetation Stratum Levels (modified from Department of the Environment 2003).

Stratum Description Example Growth Forms

Over-storey (U)

Tallest tree sub-stratum; for forests and woodlands this will generally be the dominant stratum Trees, tree mallee, and vines (mallee shrubs) Sub-canopy layer; second tree layer

Sub-canopy layer; third tree layer

Mid-storey (M)

Tallest shrub layer Shrubs, low trees, mallee shrubs, grass-trees, tree-ferns, cycads, palms, and vines (low shrubs, tall grasses, tall forbs, tall sedges)

Second shrub layer

Third shrub layer

Under-storey (U)

Tallest ground species Grasses, forbs, sedges, rushes, lichens, epiphytes, low shrubs, ferns, bryophytes, cycads, grass-trees, and vines

Other ground species


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2.3.9 Field Survey Constraints The EPA Technical Guidance for Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia (EPA 2016a) list seven potential limitations that field surveys may encounter. These limitations are addressed in Table 5.

Table 5 Relevance of limitations, as identified by EPA (2016a), to the flora and vegetation survey.

Constraint Relevance Availability of contextual information at a regional and local scale

A reconnaissance flora and vegetation survey was completed over half of the study area (Lot 500) in 2018 (Native Vegetation Solutions 2018), providing an excellent local database.

Proportion of flora recorded and/or collected, any identification issues

It is likely that a large proportion of the total flora occurring within the study area was recorded given the high intensity sampling completed for the field survey. The seasonal conditions at the time of survey were rated as fair, resulting in the species level identification of a small number of ephemeral taxa not being confirmed; these taxa did not include conservation significant flora.

Survey timing, rainfall, season of survey

The field survey was completed during the spring period in the Goldfields, as per recommendations made by EPA (2016). A total of 27 mm was received during the four months prior to the field survey, and seasonal conditions were rated as ‘fair’. Good flowering was observed during the survey, however some annual grass and herb species were in poor condition making identification difficult.

Disturbance that may have affected the results of the survey such as fire, flood or clearing

There were no disturbances recorded within the study area that influenced survey outcomes. Disturbances within the study area were restricted to access tracks and edge effects along the Great Eastern Highway. Disturbances did not impact on the ability to complete the field survey.

Was the appropriate area fully surveyed (effort and extent)

A Principal Botanist spent five field days covering the entire study area. A total of 16 quadrats supplemented by numerous relevé sites were assessed within the study area. This represented an extensive survey effort. The latest EPA technical guidelines (EPA 2016a) recommends that a minimum of three quadrats should be sampled in each vegetation unit. Three of the ten vegetation associations mapped within the study area have less than three quadrats due to the small size of these units; all of these units were thoroughly ground truthed to ensure comprehensive coverage was achieved.

Access restrictions within the survey area

The study area was accessed on foot, noting that vegetation mapping was facilitated by high-resolution aerial photography. Access did not pose any restrictions to undertaking the field survey.

Competency/experience of the team carrying out the survey, including experience in the bioregion surveyed

The Principal Botanist working on the survey (Dr Jerome Bull) has more than 15 years’ experience working in the region, and has completed a number of surveys in close proximity to the study area.


15

3.0 RESULTS 3.1 Desktop Review

3.1.1 Previous Baseline Flora Surveys In terms of its floristic richness, the Goldfields region includes species from both the south-west (Merchant, 1973; Hopper, 1979) and the arid interior, as well as numerous species which are either endemic to the Goldfields or have restricted geographic distributions. Broad scale vegetation mapping was first carried out by Gardener (1942) and later refined by Beard (1975). Early flora survey work was carried out by Willis (1959) and Beard (1979), but it was not until the Biological Survey of the Eastern Goldfields program conducted by the Biological Surveys Committee (BSC 1985) that any detailed flora surveys was conducted. This involved the study of vegetation and flora at 166 sites within the Jackson-Kalgoorlie region which lies within the Coolgardie Botanical District. The sites represented 52 broad vegetation types. The vascular flora comprised three species of fern, and 777 species, 16 subspecies and 20 varieties of flowering plants, a total of 816 taxa. Fifteen undescribed species were collected and a further 19 had been poorly collected previously. No Threatened Flora species were recorded although 18 taxa were considered to be confined to the area.

A reconnaissance flora and vegetation survey was undertaken on the 13th June 2018 at Lot 500 Great Eastern Highway, on behalf of the City of Kalgoorlie Boulder (Native Vegetation Solutions 2018). The field survey recorded total of 21 plant families, 38 genera and 77 species. There were no Commonwealth or State listed Threatened Flora, or Priority Flora taxa (as listed by DBCA) recorded from Lot 500. Three introduced species were recorded; Citrullus lanatus (Pie Melon), Salvia verbenaca (Wild Sage) and Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel Grass). Six major vegetation groups were recorded, with none of these aligned to known TECs or PECs. Vegetation condition was predominantly rated as very good or good, with disturbance linked to historical mineral exploration and associated access tracks.

3.1.2 Threatened Flora listed under the EPBC Act A search of the EPBC Act Protected Matters database was undertaken for a 10 km radius around the study area (DoEE 2020). No Threatened Flora as listed under the EPBC Act have been recorded as occurring within the 50 km search radius for the study area.

3.1.3 Threatened Flora listed under the IUCN Red List A search of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) database (IUCN 2020) determined that no Threatened Flora taxon was likely to occur within the study area.

3.1.4 Threatened Flora listed under the BC Act No Threatened Flora taxon were identified from the DBCA rare flora database search (DBCA 2018) as occurring within a 50 km radius of the study area.


16

3.1.5 Priority Flora recognised by the DBCA The DBCA rare flora database search (DBCA 2018a) identified 15 Priority flora taxa as potentially occurring within a 50 km radius of the study area (Table 6). Two of these taxa were considered ‘likely’ to occur within the study area (as per criteria set out in Table 2) based on occurrence of habitat and proximity of previous records (Table 6). It was considered ‘possible’ that seven taxa identified during the database searches may occur within the study area (Table 6).

3.1.6 TECs listed under State and Federal Legislation A search of the EPBC Act Protected Matters database (DoEE 2019) confirmed there were no federal listed TECs previously recorded within, or adjacent to, the study area. Similarly, a search of the DBCA ecological community database (DBCA 2019b) confirmed there were no state listed TEC records for the immediate study area.

3.1.7 PECs recognised by DBCA A search of DBCA’s ecological community database (DBCA 2019) confirmed that no PECs were known to occur within a 50 km radius of the study area.


17

Table 6 Significant flora previously recorded from a 50 km search radius of the study area (DBCA 2019a).

Taxon Cons Code

Life Form Habitat Preference Nearest Record (km)

Suitable Habitat Present

Likelihood in the Study Area

Alyxia tetanifolia 3 Perennial Sandy clay, loam, concretionary gravel; drainage lines, near lakes.

5 Yes Likely

Cyathostemon verrucosus 3 Perennial Pale brown/yellowish deep sand over granite. 18 No Unlikely

Elachanthus pusillus 2 Annual Gentle upper slope, red clay soils with greenstone and granite gravel.

12 Yes Possible

Eremophila caerulea subsp. merrallii 4 Perennial Sand, clay or loam. Undulating plains. 25 Yes Possible

Eremophila praecox 1 Perennial Red brown loam, flats, undulating plains. 2 Yes Possible

Eucalyptus jutsonii subsp. jutsonii 4 Perennial Red, yellow or orange deep sand; sandplains and dunes.

15 No Unlikely

Eucalyptus x brachyphylla 4 Perennial Sandy loam, granite rocks and outcrops. 11 No Possible

Frankenia glomerata 4 Perennial Low sandy rise within broad braided saline drainage line, saline sand.

15 No Unlikely

Goodenia salina 2 Annual Well-drained, saline, grey or brown loamy clay. Low gypseous dunes near salt pans.

25 No Unlikely

Isolepis australiensis 3 Annual Silty sand, sandy clay. Lake margins, pools. 15 No Unlikely

Lepidium fasciculatum 3 Annual Red earth soils, flats. 12 Yes Possible

Melaleuca coccinea 3 Perennial Sandy loam over granite. Granite outcrops, sandplain, river valleys.

11 No Possible

Notisia intonsa 3 Gently inclined slopes of weathered basalt hills, red-brown shallow loam soils.

11 No Unlikely

Ptilotus procumbens 1 Annual Wash away in deep red clay; broad flat, red cracking clay.

45 Yes Possible

Xanthoparmelia dayiana 3 Perennial Granite rock. 12 No Unlikely


18

3.2 Flora Species A total number of 104 plant taxa (including varieties and subspecies) from 25 families and 51 genera were recorded from the study area (Table 7, Appendix 5). Species representation was greatest among the Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Asteraceae families (Table 7). The most speciose genus was Eremophila (12 taxa) followed by Eucalyptus and Maireana (9 taxa), Acacia (5 taxa), Atriplex and Sclerolaena (4 taxa).

The most common species encountered across the study area were Pearl Bluebush (Maireana sedifolia), Currant Bush (Scaevola spinescens), Native Senna (Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia), Goldfields Daisy (Olearia muelleri), Broom Bush (Eremophila scoparia), Tar Bush (Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra), Cotton Bush (Ptilotus obovatus), Bladder Saltbush (Atriplex vesicaria), Leafless Ballart (Exocarpos aphyllus) and Tan Wattle (Acacia hemiteles). The most common tree species encountered were the Goldfields Blackbutt (Eucalyptus lesouefii), Giant Mallee (Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa), Salmon Gum (Eucalyptus salmonophloia), Redwood (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis) and Griffith’s Grey Gum (Eucalyptus griffithsii).

Table 7 Statistics for total flora recorded from the study area.

Overview No. Taxa Taxon Families 25Genera 51Taxa (species, subspecies, varieties) 104Native Taxa 96Introduced Taxa 8Threatened Flora 0Priority Flora 0Range Extensions 0

Speciose Families No. Taxa Family Common Name

Chenopodiaceae 20 Saltbush & bluebushes Poaceae 12 Grasses Scrophulariaceae 12 Emu bush Fabaceae 10 Peas and wattles Myrtaceae 10 Gums, paperbarks and myrtles Asteraceae 9 Daisies Speciose Genera No. Taxa Genus Common Name Eremophila 12 Emu BushEucalyptus 9 GumMaireana 9 BluebushAcacia 5 WattlesAtriplex 4 SaltbushSclerolaena 4 Copperburr Austrostipa 3 Native Grass Cratystylis 3 Grey Bush and Native SageDodonaea 3 HopbushPtilotus 3 MullaSenna 3 Native Senna


19

3.3 Significant Flora

3.3.1 Threatened Flora listed under the BC Act and EPBC Act None of the plant taxa recorded from the study area were gazetted as Threatened Flora (T) under the EPBC Act or the BC Act.

3.3.2 Significant Flora None of the plant taxa recorded from the study area were determined to be Priority flora, as listed by the DBCA.

3.3.3 Range Extensions None of the plant taxa recorded from the study area was considered to represent a significant range extension from the current known distributions.

3.4 Introduced Flora A total of eight introduced species were recorded by Onshore Environmental from within the study area at November 2019 (Figure 6, Table 8). Two additional species, Cenchrus ciliaris and Citrullus lanatus, were recorded by Native Vegetation Solutions (2018) during a reconnaissance flora and vegetation survey of Lot 550 in June 2018. None of the ten introduced species recorded are listed as Declared Pests under the BAM Act 2007.

Most of the introduced species within the study area were recorded along road verges, drainage ditches, minor drainage lines and areas of historical ground disturbance including mine exploration, access tracks, road construction and/or areas of sandalwood cutting. Many of the weed species recorded have likely been introduced during early exploration and expansion into the area, becoming established on disturbed ground and dispersing into adjacent areas.

The diversity of introduced species recorded during the November 2019 survey was relatively low considering the close proximity to the Great Eastern Highway, the high number of internal access tracks, and the high level of historical ground disturbance. The low diversity likely reflects the timing of the field survey (mid November 2019) and dry spring conditions.

Table 8 Introduced species recorded from the study area.

Species Common Name Category (BAM Act 2007)

*Asphodelus fistulosus Onion Weed Permitted - s11 *Carrichtera annua Ward’s Weed Permitted - s11 *Carthamus lanatus Saffron Thistle Permitted - s11 *Citrullus lanatus # Pie Melon Permitted - s11 *Cynodon dactylon Couch Grass Permitted - s11 *Cenchrus ciliaris # Buffel Grass Permitted - s11 *Eragrostis curvula African Love Grass Permitted - s11 *Hordeum sp. indet Barley Grass Permitted - s11 *Medicago sp. indet Medic Permitted - s11 *Salvia verbenaca Wild Sage Permitted - s11

# recorded by Native Vegetation Solutions (2018)

!

!(

!(

!(

!(

!( !(

!(

BINDULI

BROADWOOD

ST

HALL RDKAYILI RD

ANZAC DR

WESTERN RD


JOHNS RD

GREAT EASTERN HWY

A.f

C.a

C.a

C.l

H.i M.i

S.v

345750

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Distribution of Priority flora and

introduced species

¯0 100 200 300

Meters1:12,500


LegendStudy Area

Significant Flora

")Eremophila praecox(E.p)

Introduced Flora

!(Asphodelus fistulosus(A.f)

!( Carrichtera annua (C.a)!( Carthamnus lanatus (C.l)

!(Cynodon dactylon -Opportunistic (C.d)

!( Eragrostis curvula (E.c)

!(Hordeum sp. indet -Opportunistic (H.i)

!(Lysimachia arvensis (L.a)

!(Medicago sp. indet -Opportunistic (M.i)

!( Salvia verbenaca (S.v)

Sheet Size:

Date: Status:

Requested by: DBInternal Reference: Lynas_FloraDrawn by: GSM

31/01/2020Final

A3Figure: 6

LYNAS

FIGURE 6


21

3.5 Vegetation Condition Vegetation condition within the study area was predominantly rated as very good (130.8 ha or 97%), with small areas along the boundary of the lot rated as good (4.0 ha or 3%) (Figure 7, Table 9). Disturbances included edge effects along roads and access tracks, historic ground disturbance activities, rubbish dumping, mine exploration, sandalwood cutting, timber cutting, historical revegetation, grazing by rabbits, motorbike tracks and unauthorised camping activities.

Table 9 Vegetation condition within the study area.

Condition Area (ha) % of Total

Excellent 0 0 Very Good 130.76 97.0 Good 3.98 3.0 Poor 0 0 Degraded 0 0 Completely Degraded 0 0 Total 134.74 100.00

HALL RD

WESTERN RD

GREAT EASTERN HWY


JOHNS RD

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Lot 500 Vegetation

Condition Map

¯0 100 200 300

Meters1:7,500


LegendStudy Area

Vegetation ConditionGoodVery Good

Sheet Size:

Date: Status:

Requested by: DBInternal Reference: Lynas_VCDrawn by: GSM

31/01/2020Final

A3Figure: 7

LYNAS

Figure 7


23

3.6 Vegetation A total of seven vegetation associations classified as six broad floristic formations and occurring on four broad landforms was described and mapped from the study area (Figure 8, Table 10). A species by site matrix and raw data for the 16 study sites is presented in Appendices 6 and 7 respectively.

The latest EPA technical guidelines (EPA 2016a) recommend that a minimum of three quadrats should be sampled in each vegetation unit. Due to the relatively small size of the study area and fine scale vegetation mapping completed, one vegetation association was sampled with two quadrats (Table 10); where less than three quadrats were assessed, the entire vegetation unit was intensively ground truthed to record new plant taxa and undertake targeted searches for significant flora taxa.

None of the vegetation associations described and mapped from the study area were found to be aligned with any TECs or PECs documented from the Coolgardie bioregion.

The vegetation of Lot 500 comprised Eucalyptus salmonophloia and Eucalyptus transcontinentalis dominated Woodlands in the western half, and Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa and Eucalyptus lesouefii dominated Tree Mallee in the eastern half. Interspersed were Eremophila, Senna and Acacia hemiteles-dominated Scrub on minor hardpan depressions, Open Shrub Mallee of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides along minor drainage lines and flats, and Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus griffithsii on subdued sandy/stony rises and plains. A small but distinctive thicket of Acacia acuminata and Melaleuca hamata with a scattered overstorey of the shrub mallee Eucalyptus longissima occurred on a stony plain in the far north-east sector. This vegetation association did not occur elsewhere in the study area.


24

Table 10 Vegetation associations mapped within the study area.

Code Broad Floristic Formation

Vegetation Description Quadrats Area (ha)

% of Study Area

Undulating Low Hills HC EooEl EsSaEii SafAhEdd

Eucalyptus Open Tree Mallee

Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa and Eucalyptus lesouefii (sometimes with Eucalyptus griffithsii and/or Eucalyptus ravida) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Santalum acuminatum and Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Halgania andromedifolia and Maireana sedifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa and Westringia rigida (Ptilotus obovatus, Atriplex vesicaria) on brown loamy sands on undulating low hills

LI04, LI06, LI07, LI08, LI12, LI20, LI22, LI24, LI30

30.49 22.63

Stony Plains SP AaMh Eg El Acacia Thicket Thicket of Acacia acuminata and Melaleuca hamata over Low Scrub A of Eremophila granitica with

Scattered Shrub Mallee of Eucalyptus longissima and Scattered Herbs of Cheilanthes sieberi on orange brown silty loam on stony plains

LI05, LI18 4.69 3.48

Sandy/ Stony Plains SP Eg EiiEoaAh SafEsDl


Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus griffithsii over Scrub of Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans, Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia and Acacia hemiteles over Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Eremophila scoparia and Dodonaea lobulata over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens and Maireana sedifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Ptilotus obovatus and Westringia rigida on orange loamy sands on sandy / stony plains

LI09, LI19, LI32

6.37 4.73

Hardpan Plains HP EsEt MsSsCs EsEii

Eucalyptus Woodland

Woodland of Eucalyptus salmonophloia (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis) over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Scaevola spinescens and Cratystylis subspinescens (Cratystylis conocephala) with Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Atriplex vesicaria, Maireana triptera, Sclerolaena diacantha and Olearia muelleri on orange sandy clay loam on hardpan plains

LI01, LI15, LI17

56.57 41.98

HP EsSafAh SafAhDl SsMsOp

Eremophila Scrub

Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Acacia hemiteles over Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Dodonaea lobulata over Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Maireana sedifolia and Olearia pimelioides over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Ptilotus obovatus, Scaevola spinescens and Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens on brown sandy loam on hardpan plains

LI02, LI11, LI13

16.87 12.52


25

Code Broad Floristic Formation

Vegetation Description Quadrats Area (ha)

% of Study Area

HP SsSafMs Et EsEii Scaevola Dwarf Scrub C

Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Maireana sedifolia with Open Woodland of Eucalyptus transcontinentalis (Eucalyptus salmonophloia) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Atriplex vesicaria and Scaevola spinescens on orange sandy loam on hardpan plains

LI27, LI28, LI29

10.10 7.50

Floodplains / Drainage Areas FP Ecc MsCsSs SeSa Eucalyptus

Open Shrub Mallee

Open Shrub Mallee of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides (with Scattered Trees of Eucalyptus salmonophloia, Eucalyptus transcontinentalis and Eucalyptus ravida) over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Cratystylis subspinescens and Scaevola spinescens (Halgania andromedifolia) with Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Santalum acuminatum over Open Low Scrub A of Eremophila scoparia and Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Ptilotus obovatus, Olearia muelleri and Atriplex vesicaria on red sandy clay loams on drainage areas and floodplains

LI03, LI16, LI26

9.64 7.16

345750

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Vegetation TypesLegend

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Meters1:12,500


LegendStudy Area

Vegetation TypesHillcrest

HC EooEl EsSaEii SafAhEddOpen Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa and Eucalyptus lesouefii (sometimes with Eucalyptus griffithsii and/or Eucalyptus ravida) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Santalum acuminatum and Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans overOpen Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Halgania andromedifolia and Maireana sedifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Oleariamuelleri, Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa and Westringia rigida (Ptilotus obovatus, Atriplex vesicaria) on brown loamy sands on undulating low hills

Hardpan Plains

HP EsEt MsSsCs EsEiiWoodland of Eucalyptus salmonophloia (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis) over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Scaevola spinescens and Cratystylis subspinescens (Cratystylis conocephala) with Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Eremophilainterstans subsp. interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Atriplex vesicaria, Maireana triptera, Sclerolaena diacantha and Olearia muelleri on orange sandy clay loam onhardpan plains

HP EsSafAh SafAhDl SsMsOp Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Acacia hemiteles over Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Dodonaea lobulata over Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Maireana sedifolia andOlearia pimelioides over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Ptilotus obovatus, Scaevola spinescens and Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens on brown sandy loam on hardpan plains

HP SsSafMs Et EsEii Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Maireana sedifolia with Open Woodland of Eucalyptus transcontinentalis (Eucalyptus salmonophloia) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Eremophila interstans subsp.interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Atriplex vesicaria and Scaevola spinescens on orange sandy loam on hardpan plains

Stony PlainsSP AaMh Eg El Thicket of Acacia acuminata and Melaleuca hamata over Low Scrub A of Eremophila granitica with Scattered Shrub Mallee of Eucalyptus longissima and Scattered Herbs of Cheilanthes sieberi on orange brown silty loam on stony

SP Eg EiiEoaAh SafEsDl Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus griffithsii over Scrub of Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans, Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia and Acacia hemiteles over Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Eremophila scoparia and Dodonaealobulata over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens and Maireana sedifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Ptilotus obovatus and Westringia rigida on orange loamy sands on sandy / stony plains

Flood Plain

FP Ecc MsCsSs SeSaOpen Shrub Mallee of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides (with Scattered Trees of Eucalyptus salmonophloia, Eucalyptus transcontinentalis and Eucalyptus ravida) over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Cratystylis subspinescens and Scaevolaspinescens (Halgania andromedifolia) with Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Santalum acuminatum over Open Low Scrub A of Eremophila scoparia and Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Ptilotus obovatus, Olearia muelleriand Atriplex vesicaria on red sandy clay loams on drainage areas and floodplains

Sheet Size:

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Requested by: DBInternal Reference: Lynas_VTLegDrawn by: GSM

02/04/2020Final

A3Figure: 8

LYNAS

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HP SsSafMsEt EsEiiHP EsSafAh

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Date: Status:

Requested by: DBInternal Reference: Lynas_VTDrawn by: GSM

02/04/2020Final

A3Figure: 8

LYNAS

Figure 8


28

Code


HC EooEl EsSaEii SafAhEdd


Vegetation Association Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa and Eucalyptus lesouefii (sometimes with Eucalyptus griffithsii and/or Eucalyptus ravida) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Santalum acuminatum and Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Halgania andromedifolia and Maireana sedifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa and Westringia rigida (Ptilotus obovatus, Atriplex vesicaria) on brown loamy sands on undulating low hills

Quadrats Sampled LI04, LI06, LI07, LI08, LI12, LI20, LI22, LI24, LI30

Area (ha) 22.63 ha (7.2% of the study area)

Soils and Geology Brown or orange-brown sandy loam and silty loam; with scattered calcrete and quartz cobbles and pebbles at surface

Land Form Sandy/ stony plains, undulating low hills and hardpan plains

Priority Ecological Community No

Conservation Significant Flora Eremophila praecox (Priority 1)

Introduced (Weed) Species *Carrichtera annua, *Carthamus lanatus, *Medicago sp. indet., *Salvia verbenaca

Vegetation Condition Very Good to Good

Disturbances Access tracks, historical wood cutting, rubbish, weeds, edge effects from highway, rabbits

Average Fire Age Old (6+ years)


29

Code


SP AaMh Eg El

Acacia Thicket

Vegetation Association Thicket of Acacia acuminata and Melaleuca hamata over Low Scrub A of Eremophila granitica with Scattered Shrub Mallee of Eucalyptus longissima and Scattered Herbs of Cheilanthes sieberi on orange brown silty loam on stony plains

Quadrats Sampled LI05, LI18


Soils and Geology Orange or brown silty loam; with limited granite outcropping and scattered granite and quartz cobbles and pebbles at surface

Land Form Stony plains and hardpan plains


Conservation Significant Flora None

Introduced (Weed) Species None


Disturbances Access tracks, rubbish



30

Code


SP Eg EiiEoaAh SafEsDl


Vegetation Association Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus griffithsii over Scrub of Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans, Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia and Acacia hemiteles over Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Eremophila scoparia and Dodonaea lobulata over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens and Maireana sedifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Ptilotus obovatus and Westringia rigida on orange loamy sands on sandy / stony plains

Quadrats Sampled LI09, LI19, LI32


Soils and Geology Orange to brown loamy sand and sandy loam; scattered calcrete pebbles and cobbles at surface

Land Form Hardpan plains and sandy/stony plains


Conservation Significant Flora Eremophila praecox (Priority 1)



Disturbances Access tracks, rubbish, mine exploration, previous soil disturbances



31

Code


HP EsEt MsSsCs EsEii

Eucalyptus Woodland

Vegetation Association Woodland of Eucalyptus salmonophloia (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis) over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Scaevola spinescens and Cratystylis subspinescens (Cratystylis conocephala) with Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Atriplex vesicaria, Maireana triptera, Sclerolaena diacantha and Olearia muelleri on orange sandy clay loam on hardpan plains



Soils and Geology Orange to brown sandy clay loam and sandy loam; no surface geology present

Land Form Hardpan plains



Introduced (Weed) Species *Hordeum sp. indet.


Disturbances Access tracks, rubbish, weeds, historical wood cutting, old fence posts



32

Code


HP EsSafAh SafAhDl SsMsOp

Eremophila Scrub

Vegetation Association Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Acacia hemiteles over Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Dodonaea lobulata over Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Maireana sedifolia and Olearia pimelioides over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Ptilotus obovatus, Scaevola spinescens and Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens on brown sandy loam on hardpan plains



Soils and Geology Brown to red sandy loam and silty loam; with scattered calcrete and quartz cobbles and pebbles at surface




Introduced (Weed) Species *Asphodelus fistulosus (waypoint R05)


Disturbances Access tracks, rubbish, historical wood cutting, rabbits



33

Code


HP SsSafMs Et EsEii

Scaevola Dwarf Scrub C

Vegetation Association Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Maireana sedifolia with Open Woodland of Eucalyptus transcontinentalis (Eucalyptus salmonophloia) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Atriplex vesicaria and Scaevola spinescens on orange sandy loam on hardpan plains



Soils and Geology Orange sandy loam and loamy sand; no surface geology present





Vegetation Condition Very Good

Disturbances Access tracks, rubbish, unauthorised camping



34

Code


FP Ecc MsCsSs SeSa

Eucalyptus Open Shrub Mallee

Vegetation Association Open Shrub Mallee of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides (with Scattered Trees of Eucalyptus salmonophloia, Eucalyptus transcontinentalis and Eucalyptus ravida) over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Cratystylis subspinescens and Scaevola spinescens (Halgania andromedifolia) with Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Santalum acuminatum over Open Low Scrub A of Eremophila scoparia and Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Ptilotus obovatus, Olearia muelleri and Atriplex vesicaria on red sandy clay loams on drainage areas and floodplains



Soils and Geology Red sandy clay loam and and orange loamy sand; no surface geology present

Land Form Drainage areas / floodplains and hardpan plains



Introduced (Weed) Species *Carrichtera annua


Disturbances Access tracks, rubbish, weeds, edge effects from main access track and powerline track



35

3.7 Representation and Reservation of Vegetation To assess the representation of vegetation within the study area, regional mapping completed by Beard (1978) was utilised. A single Beard vegetation association was represented within the study area (Table 11). In terms of representation, the Western Australian Government is committed to the National Objectives Targets for Biodiversity Conservation which includes a target that prevents clearance of ecological communities with an extent below 30% of that present pre-European settlement (Department of Natural Resources and Environment 2002, EPA 2000).

When considering representation at the State level, the Beard association represented within the study area currently has 97.8% of the pre-European extent remaining (Government of Western Australia 2018). The study area is located within the Coolgardie bioregion, specifically within the Eastern Goldfield subregion (as discussed in Section 1.3). When considering the representation of vegetation at the IBRA regional level and IBRA system level, 97.8% of the pre-European extent remains for the vegetation association represented (Table 11). The study area falls entirely within the City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder. At this local level 96.2% of the pre-European extent remains for the vegetation association represented (Table 11). Vegetation within the study area is therefore determined to be well represented at all levels (statewide, bioregional [IBRA region and IBRA sub-region] and local), with greater than 96.2% of the pre-European extent remaining for the Beard vegetation association represented.

In terms of reservation, there is a benchmark for a minimum of 15% of each Beard vegetation association to be protected in Class I-IV reserves (Commonwealth of Australia 1997). Across all levels, the proportion of the sole vegetation association occurring within secure reserves ranges from 8.1% to 11.3% at the state level, bioregional and local levels (Table 11). However, given that the proposed development will not significantly reduce the pre-European extent of the Beard vegetation association represented within the study area (i.e. will remain well above the 30% threshold within the bioregion), the reservation status is determined to be of least concern for biodiversity conservation.


36

Table 11 Pre-European extent of vegetation represented on the basis of identified datasets (Government of Western Australia 2018).

Vegetation System / Association Pre-European Extent (ha)

Current Extent (ha)

% Pre-European

Extent Remaining

Current Extent in Class I-IV

Reserves (ha)

% Current Extent in Class I-IV Reserves

Current Extent DBCA Managed

Lands (ha)

% Current Extent DBCA

Managed Lands

Beard Vegetation Association

9 Medium woodland; coral gum (Eucalyptus torquata) & goldfields blackbutt (Eucalyptus le soufii), (also some e10,11)

240,509.33 235,161.94 97.78 3,669.89 1.56 18,984.28 8.07

Beard Vegetation System

9 Coolgardie 98,770.16 95,687.65 96.88 520.65 0.53 10,831.59 11.32

IBRA Region

Coolgardie (COO) 9 240,441.99 235,100.97 97.78 3,669.89 1.53 18,984.28 8.07

IBRA Sub-Region

Eastern Goldfield (COO03) 9 235,047.15 229,757.07 97.75 3,669.89 1.56 18,981.18 8.26

Local Government

City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder 9 38,706.67 37,223.28 96.17


37

3.8 Conservation Significance of Vegetation

3.8.1 National Significance None of the seven vegetation associations recorded from the study area support Threatened Flora listed under the EPBC Act, or are aligned with any federal listed TECs. Therefore vegetation within the study area is not considered to be of national significance.

3.8.2 State Significance None of the seven vegetation associations recorded from the study area support Threatened Flora listed under the BC Act or Priority flora listed by the DBCA, or are aligned with any state listed TECs or PECs. Therefore vegetation within the study area is not considered to be of state significance.

3.8.3 Local Significance None of the 104 plant taxa recorded within the study area were considered to represent significant range extensions from their current known distributions. Therefore, vegetation was determined not to be of local conservation significance.


38

4.0 SUMMARY The detailed flora and vegetation survey of Lot 500 Great Eastern Highway Yilkari, was completed under fair seasonal conditions in November 2019 by a Principal Botanist with over 15 years’ experience working in the region.

A total number of 104 plant taxa from 25 families and 51 genera was recorded from the study area. Species representation was greatest among the Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Asteraceae families. The most speciose genus was Eremophila (12 taxa), followed by Eucalyptus and Maireana (9 taxa), Acacia (5 taxa), Atriplex and Sclerolaena (4 taxa).

None of the plant taxa recorded from the study area were gazetted as Threatened Flora pursuant to the BC Act, or listed under the EPBC Act. There were no Priority flora taxa, as listed by the DBCA, recorded from the study area, and none of the plant taxa recorded were considered to represent a significant range extension from their current known distributions.

Eight introduced species were recorded, with an additional two weed species recorded during a previous reconnaissance flora and vegetation survey of Lot 500 in June 2018. None of these ten introduced species recorded from the study area are listed as Declared Pests under the BAM Act 2007.

A total of seven vegetation associations classified as six broad floristic formations and occurring on four broad landforms were described and mapped from the study area. None of the vegetation associations were aligned with any federal or state listed TECs or state listed PECs documented from the Coolgardie bioregion.

Vegetation within the study area was determined to be well represented at all levels (statewide, bioregional [IBRA region and IBRA sub-region] and local), with greater than 96.2% of the pre-European extent remaining for the one Beard (1978) vegetation association represented. The proportion of the same vegetation association occurring within secure (Class I-IV) reserves ranged from 8.1% to 11.3% at the state level, bioregional and local levels, which is under the 15% minimum standard. However, given that the proposed development will not significantly reduce the pre-European extent of the Beard vegetation association represented (i.e. it will remain well above the 30% threshold within the bioregion), the reservation status is determined to be of least concern for biodiversity conservation.

Vegetation condition within the study area was predominantly rated as very good (130.8 ha or 97%), with small areas along the boundary of the lot rated as good (4.0 ha or 3%). Disturbances included edge effects along roads and access tracks, historic ground disturbance activities, rubbish dumping, mine exploration, sandalwood cutting, timber cutting, historical revegetation, grazing by rabbits, motorbike tracks and unauthorised camping activities.


39

5.0 STUDY TEAM The detailed flora and vegetation survey was planned, co-ordinated and executed by the following personnel:

Onshore Environmental Consultants P/LABN 41 095 837 120 PO Box 227 YALLINGUP WA 6282 M 0427 339 842 Email [email protected] Project Staff Dr Darren Brearley PhD Project Manager and Principal Botanist Dr Jerome Bull PhD Principal Botanist Mrs Kerry Keenan Data Analyst Mr Todd Griffin GIS Specialist


40

6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ANRA (Australian Natural Resources Atlas) (2019) Retrieved on 28/10/2019

http://www.anra.gov.au/topics/rangelands/overview/wa/ibra-pil.html Atlas of Living Australia (2020) Atlas of Living Australia website at http://www.ala.org.au.

Accessed 7 February 2020. Aplin T.E.H. (1979) The Flora. Chapter 3 in O’Brien, B.J. (ed.) (1979). Environment and

Science. University of Western Australia Press. Beard J. S. (1990) Plant Life of Western Australia. Kangaroo Press, Perth. Beard, J.S. (1978) Vegetation of the Kalgoorlie Area, Western Australia. Vegetation Survey

of Western Australia, 1:250 000 Series (2nd edition). Vegmap Publications, Perth, Australia.

Beard, J. S. (1976) Murchison. Explanatory Notes and Map Sheet 6, 1:1 000 000 series Vegetation Survey of Western Australia. University of Western Australia Press: Nedlands.

Beard, J.S. (1975). Vegetation Survey of Western Australia: Nullarbor. 1:1,000,000 Vegetation Series. UWA Press, Nedlands.

Brown, A. and Buirchell, B.J. (2011) A Field Guide to the Eremophilas of Western Australia. Simon Nevill Publications.

Bureau of Meteorology (2020) Climate Statistics for Australian Locations: Kalgoorlie-Boulder, http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables.shtml

Chinnock, R.J. (2007) Eremophila and allied genera: a monograph of the plant family Myoporaceae. Rosenberg Publishing.

Conservation and Land Management (CALM) (2002) A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia’s 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002- Coolgardie (COO03 – Eastern Goldfields synopsis), Department of Conservation and Land Management.

Cowen, M. (2001) Murchison 1 (MUR1 – East Murchison subregion). A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia's 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002.

CSIRO (2006) Australian Soil Resource Information System Website: http://www.asris.csiro.au /themes/Atlas.html#Atlas_Digital

Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (2019a) Threatened and Priority Flora Database Search. Request for Threatened and Priority Flora Information, letter from Threatened Flora Database Officer, October 2019.

Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (2019b) List of Threatened Ecological Communities on the Department of Parks and Wildlife’s Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) Database endorsed by the Minister for the Environment. WA Threatened Species and Communities Unit, Department of Parks and Wildlife. Email received from TEC Ecologist of the Species and Communities Branch of DBCA, October 2019.

Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions (DBCA) (2019c) NatureMap: Mapping Western Australia’s biodiversity. https://naturemap.dpaw.wa.gov.au/

Department of the Environment and Energy (2019) Protected Matters Search Tool, accessed March 2018, http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/pmst/

Department of Environment (DoE) (2013) Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia, Revision 7. Online at: http://www.environment. gov.au/parks/ nrs/science/bioregion-framework/ibra/ index.html#ibra

Department of Environment and Heritage (2003) Australian Vegetation Attributes Manual, Version 6.0.


41

Department of Natural Resources and Environment (2002) Biodiversity Action Planning. Action planning for native biodiversity at multiple scales; catchment bioregional, landscape, local. Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Victoria.

Environmental Protection Authority (2000) Environmental Protection of Native Vegetation in Western Australia: Clearing of Native Vegetation with Particular Reference to Agricultural Areas, Position Statement No. 2, EPA, Perth.

Environmental Protection Authority (2016a) Technical Guidance Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment, EPA, Perth.

Environmental Protection Authority (2016b) Environmental Factor Guideline Flora and Vegetation, EPA, Perth.

Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) and Department of Parks and Wildlife (2015) Technical Guide – Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment. Eds K Freeman, G Stack, S Thomas and N Woolfrey.

Government of Western Australia. (2018) 2017 South West Vegetation Complex Statistics. Current as of October 2017. WA Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Perth. https://catalogue.data.wa.gov.au/dataset/dbca

Hussey, B. M. J., Keighery, G. J., Cousens, R. D., Dodd, J. and Lloyd, S. G. (1997) Western Weeds. The Plant Protection Society of Western Australia and Agriculture Western Australia. Kensington, W.A.

Hussey, B. M. J., Keighery, G. J., Cousens, R. D., Dodd, J. and Lloyd, S. G. (1997) Western Weeds. The Plant Protection Society of Western Australia and Agriculture Western Australia. Kensington, W.A.

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) (2019) Interactive Environmental Database Reporting Tool Search. www.iucnredlist.org

Jennings JN and Mabbutt JA (1977). Physiographic outlines and regions. In: ‘Australia – A geography’ (ed. D.N. Jeans). Sydney University Press.

Keighery, B. J. (1994) Bushland Plant Survey: a Guide to Plant Community Survey for the Community. Wildflower Society of WA (Inc.), Nedlands, Western Australia.

Keighery, G.J., Milewski, A.V. and Hnatiuk, R.J. (1992). Vegetation and flora. In: N.L. McKenzie and N.J. Hall (eds), The Biological Survey of the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia: Part 8 Kurnalpi-Kalgoorlie Study Area. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement No. 41.

McKenzie, N.L. and Hall N.J. (1992). (eds) The Biological Survey of the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia: Part 8 Kurnalpi-Kalgoorlie Study Area. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement No. 41.

McKenzie, N.L., Rolfe, J.K. and Youngson, W.K. (1992). Vertebrate fauna. In: N.L. McKenzie and N.J. Hall (eds), The Biological Survey of the Eastern Goldfields Of Western Australia: Part 8 Kurnalpi-Kalgoorlie Study Area. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement No. 41.

Native Vegetation Solutions (2018) Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey of Lot 500 Great Eastern Highway, Kalgoorlie. Report prepared for the City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder.

Newbey, K.R. (1984). Biological survey of the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia Part 2. Widigemooltha-Zanthus Area. Rec. W.A. Mus. Suppl. 18.

Pringle HJR (1994). Pastoral resources and their management in the north-eastern Goldfields, Western Australia. Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication 22/94.

Pringle, H.J.R., Van Vreeswyk A.M.E. and Gilligan, S.A. (1994) An inventory and condition surrey of rangelands in the North-eastern Goldfields, Western Australia (K.M.W.


42

Howes, ed). Technical Bulletin No. 87, Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, ISBN 0 7309 5997 X.

Shepherd et al. (2002) Shepherd, D.P., Beeston, G.R. and Hopkins A.J.M. Resource Management Technical Report 249, Native Vegetation in Western Australia: Extent, Type and Status. Prepared for the Government of Western Australia Department of Agriculture.

Specht R.L. (1970) Vegetation. In The Australian Environment. 4th edn (Ed. G.W. Leeper). Melbourne.

Thackway and Cresswell (1995) An Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia: A framework for setting priorities in the National Reserves System Cooperative Program Version 4. Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra.

Tille, P. (2007) Resource Management Technical Report 313. Soil-Landscapes of Western Australia’s Rangelands and Arid Interior. Department of Agriculture and Food Government of Western Australia.

Trudgen, M.E. (2009) BHP Billiton Iron Ore – Vegetation classification system for utilisation in the Pilbara Bioregion. Professional advice provided to BHP Billiton Iron Ore.

Tyler IM and Hocking RM (2001). A revision of the tectonic units of Western Australia: Western Australian Geological Survey, Annual Review 2000-2001, p 33-44.

Western Australian Herbarium (2020) Florabase - Information on the Western Australian flora. Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions. Online: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/search


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APPENDIX 1 Conservation Codes


44

Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna


45


46


47

Conservation categories for flora described under the EPBC Act

Category Description

Extinct (EX) A species is extinct if there is no reasonable doubt that the last member of the species has died.

Extinct in the Wild (EW)

A species is categorised as extinct in the wild if it is only known to survive in cultivations, in captivity, or as a naturalised population well outside its past range; or if it has not been recorded in its known/expected habitat, at appropriate seasons, anywhere in its past range, despite exhaustive surveys over a time frame appropriate to its life cycle and form.

Critically Endangered (CE)

The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild and in the immediate future.

Endangered (EN) The species is likely to become extinct unless the circumstances and factors threatening its abundance, survival, or evolutionary development cease to operate; or its numbers have been reduced to such a critical level, or its habitats have been so drastically reduced, that it is in immediate danger of extinction.

Vulnerable (VU) Within the next 25 years, the species is likely to become endangered unless the circumstances and factors threatening its abundance, survival or evolutionary development cease to operate.

Conservation Dependent (CD)

The species is the focus of a specific conservation program, the cessation of which would result in the species becoming vulnerable, endangered or critically endangered within a period of 5 years.


48

Conservation categories for species described under the IUCN

Category Description

Extinct (EX) A taxon is Extinct when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. A taxon is presumed Extinct when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon's life cycle and life form.

Extinct in the Wild (EW)

A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed Extinct in the Wild when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon's life cycle and life form.

Critically Endangered (CE)

A taxon is Critically Endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Critically Endangered, and it is therefore considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

Endangered (EN) A taxon is Endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Endangered, and it is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.

Vulnerable (VU) A taxon is Vulnerable when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Vulnerable, and it is therefore considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.

Near Threatened (NT)

A taxon is Near Threatened when it has been evaluated against the criteria but does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable now, but is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future.

Data Deficient (DD) A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. A taxon in this category may be well studied, and its biology well known, but appropriate data on abundance and/or distribution are lacking. Data Deficient is therefore not a category of threat. Listing of taxa in this category indicates that more information is required and acknowledges the possibility that future research will show that threatened classification is appropriate. It is important to make positive use of whatever data are available. In many cases great care should be exercised in choosing between DD and a threatened status. If the range of a taxon is suspected to be relatively circumscribed, and a considerable period of time has elapsed since the last record of the taxon, threatened status may well be justified.


49

APPENDIX 2 Vegetation condition scale

(as developed by Keighery 1994)


50

Condition Code Description

Pristine 1 Pristine or nearly so, no obvious signs of disturbance.

Excellent 2 Vegetation structure intact, disturbance affecting individual species and weeds are non-aggressive species.

Very Good 3 Vegetation structure altered; obvious signs of disturbance.

Good 4 Vegetation structure significantly altered by very obvious signs of multiple disturbances. Retains basic vegetation structure or ability to regenerate it.

Degraded 5 Basic vegetation structure severely impacted by disturbance. Scope for regeneration but not to a state approaching Very Good condition without intensive management.

Completely Degraded

6 The structure of the vegetation is no longer intact and the area is completely or almost completely without native species.


51

APPENDIX 3 Column Fusion Dendrogram 16 quadrats by 81 plant taxa

Fusion Type: Flexible UPGMA Beta = -0.10On Association: Two-Step (Columns) Created on: 15:16:16, April 01, 2020

Column Fusion Dendrogram

0.05

43

0.19

26

0.33

10

0.46

94

0.60

78

Li-01Li-02Li-26Li-17Li-07Li-32Li-04Li-15Li-27Li-28Li-29Li-03Li-16Li-06Li-05Li-18


53

APPENDIX 4 Vegetation classifications for the Pilbara based on Specht (1970), as

modified by Aplin (1979) and Trudgen (2009)


54

Height Class Canopy Cover

100 - 70% 70 - 30% 30 - 10% 10 - 2% < 2%

Trees > 30 m High Closed Forest

High Open Forest

High Woodland

High Open Woodland

Scattered Tall Trees

Trees 10-30m Closed Forest Open Forest Woodland Open Woodland

Scattered Trees

Trees < 10 m Low Closed Woodland

Low Open Forest

Low Woodland

Low Open Woodland

Scattered Low Trees

Mallee Closed Mallee

Mallee Open Mallee Very Open Mallee

Scattered Mallees

Shrubs > 2 m Closed Scrub Open Scrub High Shrubland

High Open Shrubland

Scattered Tall Shrubs

Shrubs 1-2 m Closed Heath Open Heath Shrubland Open Shrubland

Scattered Shrubs

Shrubs < 1 m Low Closed Heath

Low Open Heath

Low Shrubland

Low Open Shrubland

Low Scattered Shrubs

Hummock Grass

Closed Hummock Grassland

Hummock Grassland

Open Hummock Grassland

Very Open Hummock Grassland

Scattered Hummock Grass

Tussock Grass

Closed Tussock Grassland

Tussock Grassland

Open Tussock Grassland

Very Open Tussock Grassland

Scattered Tussock Grass

Bunch Grass Closed Bunch Grassland

Bunch Grassland

Open Bunch Grassland

Very Open Bunch Grassland

Scattered Bunch Grass

Sedges Closed Sedges

Sedges Open Sedges Very Open Sedges

Scattered Sedges

Herbs Closed Herbs Herbs Open Herbs Very Open Herbs

Scattered Herbs


55

APPENDIX 5 Total flora list from the study area


56

FAMILY SPECIES

Adiantaceae Cheilanthes sieberi subsp. sieberi

Amaranthaceae Ptilotus exaltatus Ptilotus holosericeus Ptilotus obovatus

Apocynaceae Marsdenia australis

Asphodelaceae *Asphodelus fistulosus

Asteraceae Asteraceae sp. indet. Calotis hispidula *Carthamus lanatusCratystylis conocephala Cratystylis microphylla Cratystylis subspinescens Erymophyllum ramosum subsp. ramosum Olearia muelleri Olearia pimeleoides

Boraginaceae Halgania andromedifolia

Brassicaceae *Carrichtera annuaLepidium cf. papillosum

Casuarinaceae Casuarina pauper

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex codonocarpa Atriplex nummularia subsp. spathulata Atriplex stipitata Atriplex vesicaria Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Eriochiton sclerolaenoides Maireana cf. georgei Maireana cf. villosa Maireana glomerifolia Maireana pentatropis Maireana radiata Maireana sedifolia Maireana tomentosa Maireana trichoptera Maireana triptera


57

FAMILY SPECIES

Rhagodia spinescens Sclerolaena cuneata Sclerolaena diacantha Sclerolaena drummondii Sclerolaena obliquicuspis

Fabaceae Acacia acuminata Acacia calcarata Acacia hemiteles Acacia jennerae Acacia tetragonophylla *Medicago sp. indet.Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia Senna artemisioides subsp. x artemisioides Senna cardiosperma Templetonia incrassata

Frankeniaceae Frankenia interioris

Goodeniaceae Scaevola spinescens

Lamiaceae *Salvia verbenacaWestringia rigida

Loranthaceae Amyema preissii

Malvaceae Lawrencia repens

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides Eucalyptus griffithsii Eucalyptus lesouefii Eucalyptus longissima Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa Eucalyptus ravida Eucalyptus salmonophloia Eucalyptus transcontinentalis Eucalyptus yilgarnensis Melaleuca hamata

Pittosporaceae Pittosporum angustifolium

Poaceae Aristida sp. indet.


58

FAMILY SPECIES

Austrostipa cf. platychaeta Austrostipa elegantissima Austrostipa sp. indet. Cymbopogon ambiguus *Cynodon dactylonDigitaria cf. ammophila Enneapogon sp. indet. *Eragrostis curvula*Hordeum sp. indet.Paspalidium sp. indet. Triodia scariosa

Proteaceae Grevillea nematophylla subsp. nematophylla

Santalaceae Exocarpos aphyllus Santalum acuminatum Santalum spicatum

Sapindaceae Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens Dodonaea lobulata Dodonaea stenozyga Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustifolia

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila alternifolia Eremophila caperata Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens Eremophila gibbosa Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Eremophila granitica Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans Eremophila ionantha Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia Eremophila oppositifolia subsp. angustifolia Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa Eremophila scoparia

Solanaceae Lycium australe Solanum lasiophyllum Solanum nummularium

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea microcephalus subsp. microcephalus


59

FAMILY SPECIES

Zygophyllaceae Roepera apiculata Roepera eremaea


60

APPENDIX 6 Species by site matrix for the study area


61

GENUS SPECIES Li‐01 Li‐02 Li‐03 Li‐04 Li‐05 Li‐06 Li‐07 Li‐15 Li‐16 Li‐17 Li‐18 Li‐26 Li‐27 Li‐28 Li‐29 Li‐32 Acacia acuminata 1 1 1 Acacia calcarata 1 Acacia colletioides Acacia hemiteles 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Acacia jennerae 1 Acacia nyssophylla Acacia tetragonophylla 1 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens 1 1 1 Alyxia buxifolia Amyema preissii 1 Amyema sp. indet 1 Aristida sp. indet 1 1 1 Aristida cf. contorta Atriplex nummularia 1 1 1 Atriplex stipitata 1 1 1 1 1 Atriplex vesicaria 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Austrostipa elegantissima 1 Austrostipa cf. platychaeta 1 Brassicaceae sp. indet Carrichtera annua 1 1 Carthamnus lanatus Casuarina pauper 1 1 1 Centaurea melitensis Cheilanthes sieberi 1 Cratystylis conocephala 1 1 1 1 Cratystylis microphylla 1 1 Cratystylis subspinescens 1 1 1 1 1 Dodonaea lobulata 1 1 1 1 1 1 Dodonaea stenozyga 1 Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustifolia Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa 1 1 1 Enneapogon sp. indet 1 Eremophila alternifolia 1 Eremophila caperata 1 1 1 Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens 1 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Eremophila granitica 1 1 1 1


62

GENUS SPECIES Li‐01 Li‐02 Li‐03 Li‐04 Li‐05 Li‐06 Li‐07 Li‐15 Li‐16 Li‐17 Li‐18 Li‐26 Li‐27 Li‐28 Li‐29 Li‐32 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Eremophila ionantha 1 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Eremophila scoparia 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Eriochiton sclerolaenoides 1 Erymophyllum ramosum subsp. ramosum 1 1 Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides 1 1 1 1 1 Eucalyptus griffithsii 1 1 1 1 Eucalyptus lesouefii 1 1 1 1 1 Eucalyptus longissima 1 1 Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa 1 1 1 1 Eucalyptus ravida 1 1 Eucalyptus salmonophloia 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Eucalyptus trancontinentinalis 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Eucalyptus yilgarnensis Exocarpos aphyllus 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Frankenia interioris 1 1 1 Halgania andromedifolia 1 1 1 1 1 Hordeum sp. indet 1 Lawrencia repens Lycium australe 1 1 1 1 Lysimachia arvensis Maireana georgei 1 1 Maireana glomerifolia 1 1 Maireana pentatropis 1 Maireana pyramidata Maireana radiata 1 Maireana sedifolia 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maireana tomentosa 1 1 Maireana trichoptera 1 1 1 1 Maireana triptera 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maireana cf. radiata Maireana cf. villosa 1 Marsdenia australis 1 1 1 1 Melaleuca hamata 1 1 Olearia muelleri 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1


63

GENUS SPECIES Li‐01 Li‐02 Li‐03 Li‐04 Li‐05 Li‐06 Li‐07 Li‐15 Li‐16 Li‐17 Li‐18 Li‐26 Li‐27 Li‐28 Li‐29 Li‐32 Olearia pimeleoides Pimelea microcephalus subsp. microcephalus 1 Pittosporum angustifolium 1 1 Ptilotus exaltatus 1 1 1 1 Ptilotus holosericeus 1 Ptilotus obovatus 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Rhagodia spinescens 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Roepera eremaea 1 1 Santalum acuminatum 1 1 1 1 Santalum spicatum 1 1 Sarcozona? praecox Scaevola spinescens 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sclerolaena cuneata 1 1 Sclerolaena diacantha 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sclerolaena drummondii 1 Sclerolaena obliquicuspis 1 1 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Senna cardiosperma 1 1 1 Solanum lasiophyllum 1 1 1 1 Solanum nummularia 1 1 1 Tecticornia disarticulata Templetonia incrassata 1 1 1 Westringia rigida 1 1


64

APPENDIX 7 Representative photographs, raw data and total flora spreadsheets

recorded for the 16 quadrats assessed within the study area


65

Study Sites

SITE_ID LANDFORM BROAD_FF VEG_ASSOC VEG_COND SLOPE LAST_FIRE COMMENTS EASTING NORTHING Li‐01 Hardpan Plain Eucalyptus

Woodland Woodland of Eucalyptus salmonophloia over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Cratystylis subspinescens and Scaevola spinescens with Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans and Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia (Santalum acuminatum) over Open Low Scrub B of Cratystylis conocephala, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Eremophila scoparia

Good Flat Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish, Possible Weeds, Lots of unofficial bush tracks thru area

346823 6592074

Li‐02 Hardpan Plain Eremophila Scrub Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Eremophila caperata over Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila scoparia over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Scaevola spinescens and Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Ptilotus obovatus, Olearia muelleri and Atriplex vesicaria

Good Flat Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Historical Logging 347288 6591569

Li‐03 Drainage Area/ Floodplain

Maireana Dwarf Scrub C

Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Cratystylis subspinescens and Lycium australe with Very Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Santalum acuminatum and Exocarpus aphyllus over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Ptilotus obovatus, Olearia muelleri and Atriplex vesicaria

Good Flat Old (6+ yr) Distrurbance ‐ Rubbish ‐ near powerline, Main Acces Track and numerous small tracks thru area

346899 6591602

Li‐04 Sandy/ Stony Plain


Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus oleosa over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia and Halgania andromedifolia with Open Scrub of Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans and Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Atriplex vesicaria and Olearia muelleri

Good Low Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ rubbish, Weeds, Rabbits

347985 6592067

Li‐05 Hardpan Plain Acacia Thicket Thicket of Acacia acuminata and Melaleuca hamata over Open Low Scrub A of Eremophila granitica Good Flat Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish 347520 6592713

Li‐06 Undulating Low Hills

Eucalyptus Low Woodland A

Low Woodland A of Eucalyptus lesouefii (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis, Eucalyptus oleosa susp. oleosa) over Open Scrub of Eremophila caperata, Eremophila oppositifolia subsp. angustifolia and Solanum nummularia over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra and Santalum acuminatum over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Halgania andromedifolia and Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Westringia rigida and Ptilotus obovatus

Very Good Low Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish, Weeds 347908 6592453



Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus griffithsii (Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa) over Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra with Open Scrub of Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia, Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans and Exocarpus aphyllus over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Dodonaea lobulata, Scaevola spinescens and Maireana sedifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri

Good Low Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish, Historical Logging/ Camping

347629 6592292

Li‐15 Hardpan Plain Eucalyptus Woodland

Woodland of Eucalyptus salmonophloia over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia and Scaevola spinescens with Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Atriplex vesicaria and Scleolaena diacantha

Very Good Flat Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish, Old wooden fence stumps, Historical logging?

347116 6591935

Li‐16 Hardpan Plain Eucalyptus Open Tree Mallee

Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia (Scaevola spinescens, Halgania andromedifolia, Cratystylis subspinescens) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Atriplex vesicaria, Ptilotus obovatus and Olearia muelleri

Very Good Flat Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish, Weeds ‐near to main track

346751 6592221

Li‐17 Hardpan Plain Maireana Dwarf Scrub C

Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia and Scaevola spinescens with Open Woodland of Eucalyptus salmonophloia (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia and Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia over Dwarf Scrub D of Atriplex vesicaria, Maireana triptera and Olearia muelleri

Very Good Low Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish 347315 6592304

Li‐18 Stony Plain Acacia Thicket Thicket of Acacia acuminata and Melaleuca hamata over Low Scrub A of Eremophila granitica over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Eremophila granitica Very Good Flat Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish 347611 6592542

Li‐26 Drainage Area/ Floodplain


Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides over Dwarf Scrub C of Maireana sedifolia, Halgania andromedifolia and Scaevola spinescens over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Maireana triptera, Olearia muelleri and Sclerolaena diacantha


Li‐27 Hardpan Plain Eucalyptus Open Tree Mallee

Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus transcontinentalis (Eucalyptus lesoeufii) over Dwarf Scrub C of Senna artemisioides subsp filifolia and Scaevola spinescens with Open Scrub of Santalum acuminatum over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisiodes subsp. filifolia and Scaevola spinescens over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Atriplex vesicaria and Scaevola spinescens


Li‐28 Hardpan Plain Scaevola Dwarf Scrub C

Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia and Maireana sedifolia with Open Low Woodland A of Eucalyptus transcontinentalis (Eucalyptus salmonophloia) over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Maireana sedifolia and Atriplex vesicaria

Very Good Low Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish, Unofficial camping, Close to Highway

347559 6591826

Li‐29 Hardpan Plain Senna Low Scrub A

Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Acacia hemiteles and Eremophila scoparia with Open Low Woodland A of Eucalyptus transcontinentalis (Eucalyptus salmonophloia) over Open Scrub of Eremophila scoparia, Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans and Acacia hemiteles over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Scaevola spinescens, Maireana sedifolia and Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri, Scaevola spinescens and Atriplex vesicaria

Very Good Flat Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Rubbish, Camping 347427 6591608



Open Tree Mallee of Eucalyptus griffithsii over Open Scrub of Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans and Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia over Open Low Scrub A of Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia, Dodonaea lobulata and Acacia hemiteles over Open Dwarf Scrub C of Dodonaea lobulata and Maireana sedifolia over Open Dwarf Scrub D of Olearia muelleri and Westringia rigida

Good Low Old (6+ yr) Disturbance ‐ Road/ Access track, Rubbish, Previous soil works

347426 6592622


66

Flora

SITE_ID GENUS SPECIES INFRA_RANK INF_NAME VOUCHER_NO SIGNIFICANT INTRO_NATIVE NO_INDIVIDUALS % COVERAGE PLANT_HEIGHT Li‐01 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native 0.5 1.5‐2.5 Li‐01 Atriplex nummularia subsp. spathulata No Native Li‐01 Atriplex vesicaria Li01.07 No Native 1 0.5 Li‐01 Atriplex vesicaria Li01.20 No Native + 0.5 Li‐01 Austrostipa cf. platychaeta Li01.04 No Native 0.5 0.5‐1 Li‐01 Casuarina pauper Li01.19 No Native Li‐01 Cratystylis conocephala Li01.03 No Native 3 0.5‐1.5 Li‐01 Cratystylis subspinescens Li01.14 No Native 3 0.5‐1 Li‐01 Dodonaea lobulata Li01.23 No Native Li‐01 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa No Native Li‐01 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li01.25 No Native Li‐01 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans Li01.11 No Native 0.5 2‐3 Li‐01 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia Li01.16 No Native 0.5 2.5 Li‐01 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa Li01.10 No Native + 0.5 Li‐01 Eremophila scoparia Li01.06 No Native 5 1.5‐3 Li‐01 Erymophyllum ramosum subsp. ramosum Li01.21 No Native Li‐01 Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides Li01.24 No Native 4‐6 Li‐01 Eucalyptus lesouefii Li01.22 No Native Li‐01 Eucalyptus salmonophloia No Native 10 15‐25 Li‐01 Eucalyptus transcontinentalis Li01.26 No Native Li‐01 Exocarpus aphyllus Li01.15 No Native 1.5 2‐3 Li‐01 Frankenia interioris Li01.17 No Native + 0.35 Li‐01 Hordeum sp. indet Li01.02 No Introduced + 0.3 Li‐01 Maireana glomerifolia LI01.09 No Native 0.5 0.4 Li‐01 Maireana sedifolia Li01.05 No Native 15 0.5‐1 Li‐01 Maireana tomentosa Li01.18 No Native + 0.1 Li‐01 Maireana triptera Li01.01 No Native + 0.3 Li‐01 Maireana triptera No Native 0.5 0.3 Li‐01 Marsdenia australis No Native + Cl Li‐01 Olearia muelleri No Native 2 0.4 Li‐01 Ptilotus obovatus No Native Li‐01 Rhagodia spinescens Li02.01 No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐01 Santalum acuminatum No Native Li‐01 Scaevola spinescens No Native 2 0.5‐1 Li‐01 Sclerolaena diacantha Li01.08 No Native 0.5 0.2 Li‐01 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia Li01.13 No Native 4 1‐2 Li‐02 Acacia hemiteles No Native 3 1.5‐2.5 Li‐02 Acacia jennerae Li02.07 No Native Li‐02 Atriplex nummularia subsp. spathulata No Native Li‐02 Atriplex stipitata Li02.10 No Native Li‐02 Atriplex vesicaria LI03.03 No Native 1 0.7 Li‐02 Austrostipa sp. indet Li03.15 No Native + 0.7 Li‐02 Cratystylis conocephala Li01.03 No Native 1 1‐1.5 Li‐02 Eremophila caperata Li02.02 No Native 1 1.5‐2.5 Li‐02 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native 1 1‐2 Li‐02 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans No Native 1 2‐3 Li‐02 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia Li02.09 No Native Li‐02 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native 2 0.5‐1 Li‐02 Eremophila scoparia No Native 5 1.5‐3 Li‐02 Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides Li02.08 No Native Li‐02 Eucalyptus trancontinentalis No Native 1 8‐12 Li‐02 Exocarpus aphyllus Li01.15 No Native + 1‐2 Li‐02 Maireana georgei Li02.04 No Native + 0.6 Li‐02 Maireana sedifolia Li01.05 No Native 10 0.5‐1.5 Li‐02 Olearia muelleri No Native 2 0.4 Li‐02 Ptilotus obovatus No Native 3 0.5 Li‐02 Rhagodia spinescens Li02.01 No Native 1 0.5‐1


67

SITE_ID GENUS SPECIES INFRA_RANK INF_NAME VOUCHER_NO SIGNIFICANT INTRO_NATIVE NO_INDIVIDUALS % COVERAGE PLANT_HEIGHT Li‐02 Santalum spicatum No Native Li‐02 Scaevola spinescens No Native 4 0.5‐1 Li‐02 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native + 0.2 Li‐02 Sclerolaena obliquicuspis Li02.03 No Native + 0.3 Li‐02 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 11 1+2.5 Li‐02 Senna cardiosperma No Native Li‐02 Solanum lasiophyllum No Native + 0.5 Li‐02 Solanum nummularia Li02.05 No Native + 0.4 Li‐03 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native Li‐03 Aristida sp. indet No Native + 0.2 Li‐03 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native 2 0.5 Li‐03 Austrostipa elegantissima Li03.15 No Native 0.5 0.5 Li‐03 Carrichtera annua Li03.07 No Introduced 0.5 0.2 Li‐03 Casuarina pauper Li01.19 No Native + 4 Li‐03 Cratystylis subspinescens No Native 5 1 Li‐03 Eremophila decipiens subsp. decipiens Li03.08 No Native + 0.6 Li‐03 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native + 1.5 Li‐03 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans No Native 1 4 Li‐03 Eremophila scoparia No Native 5 1.5 Li‐03 Erymophyllum ramosum subsp. ramosum Li01.21 No Native 0.15 Li‐03 Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides Li03.02 No Native 8 5‐10 Li‐03 Eucalyptus ravida Li03.01 No Native Li‐03 Exocarpus aphyllus No Native 2 2 Li‐03 Frankenia interioris Li03.04 No Native 1 0.5 Li‐03 Lycium australe Li03.11 No Native 1.5 0.5‐1 Li‐03 Maireana glomerifolia No Native + 0.4 Li‐03 Maireana sedifolia No Native 9 0.5‐1 Li‐03 Maireana tomentosa Li03.09 No Native + 0.2 Li‐03 Maireana trichoptera Li03.14 No Native + 0.2 Li‐03 Maireana triptera No Native 0.5 0.4 Li‐03 Marsdenia australis No Native + Li‐03 Olearia muelleri No Native 2 0.4 Li‐03 Pimelea microcephalus subsp. microcephalus Li03.05 No Native + 1.2 Li‐03 Ptilotus exaltatus Li03.06 No Native + 0.2 Li‐03 Ptilotus exaltatus No Native + 0.4 Li‐03 Ptilotus obovatus No Native 4 0.5 Li‐03 Rhagodia spinescens Li03.12 No Native + 1 Li‐03 Santalum acuminatum No Native 2 1.5‐4 Li‐03 Scaevola spinescens No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐03 Sclerolaena cuneata Li03.10 No Native + 0.2 Li‐03 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native 0.5 0.2 Li‐03 Sclerolaena drummondii Li03.13 No Native + 0.1 Li‐03 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐03 Senna cardiosperma No Native + 1.5 Li‐03 Solanum lasiophyllum No Native + 0.4 Li‐04 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens Li04.02 No Native 2‐5 Li‐04 Atriplex nummularia subsp. spathulata No Native + 1 Li‐04 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native 1 0.5 Li‐04 Cratystylis conocephala Li01.03 No Native 1 1 Li‐04 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native + 1‐2 Li‐04 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans Li04.01 No Native 2 2‐5 Li‐04 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native Li‐04 Eremophila scoparia No Native 1.5 1.5‐3 Li‐04 Eucalyptus lesouefii Li04.06 No Native Li‐04 Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa Li04.05 No Native 11 7‐12 Li‐04 Exocarpus aphyllus No Native + 1.5 Li‐04 Halgania andromedifolia Li04.04 No Native 2 0.5‐1 Li‐04 Maireana sedifolia No Native 12 0.5‐1 Li‐04 Olearia muelleri No Native 1 0.4


68

SITE_ID GENUS SPECIES INFRA_RANK INF_NAME VOUCHER_NO SIGNIFICANT INTRO_NATIVE NO_INDIVIDUALS % COVERAGE PLANT_HEIGHT Li‐04 Scaevola spinescens No Native + 0.5‐1 Li‐04 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native + 0.2 Li‐04 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 1 0.5‐1.5 Li‐04 Templetonia incrassata Li04.03 No Native + 1.5 Li04 opcoll near ?Digitaria ammophila No NativeLi04 opcoll near Asteraceae sp. indet No NativeLi04 opcoll near Medicago sp. indet No IntroducedLi‐05 Acacia acuminata Li05.02 No Native 30 3‐5 Li‐05 Cheilanthes sieberi No Native + 0.2 Li‐05 Dodonaea lobulata No Native + 1.5 Li‐05 Eremophila granitica Li05.01 No Native 8 1‐2 Li‐05 Melaleuca hamata Li05.03 No Native 15 2‐4 Li‐05 Poceae sp. indet No Native + 0.2 Li‐05 Ptilotus obovatus No Native + 0.3 Li‐06 Acacia acuminata Li05.02 No NativeLi‐06 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native + 1 Li‐06 Aristida sp. indet Li06.05 No Native + 0.4 Li‐06 Atriplex stipitata Li06.01 No Native 1 0.6 Li‐06 Austrostipa sp. indet Li03.15 No Native + 1.5 Li‐06 Carrichtera annua Li03.07 No Introduced + 0.3 Li‐06 Casuarina pauper Li21.03 No Native + 1‐4 Li‐06 Dodonaea lobulata No Native + 0.5 Li‐06 Enneapogon sp. indet Li06.04 No Native + 0.2 Li‐06 Eremophila caperata Li06.02 No Native 1.5 1.5‐3 Li‐06 Eremophila caperata Li06.03 No Native 1.5 1‐2 Li‐06 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native 1 0.5‐1.5 Li‐06 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia Li02.09 No Native 1.5 1.5‐3 Li‐06 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native 2 0.5‐1.5 Li‐06 Eremophila scoparia No Native 1 1‐2 Li‐06 Eriochiton sclerolaenoides Li06.06 No Native + 0.2 Li‐06 Eucalyptus lesouefii No Native 7 10‐12 Li‐06 Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa Li04.05 No NativeLi‐06 Eucalyptus transcontinentalis No Native 2 10 Li‐06 Halgania andromedifolia Li04.04 No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐06 Maireana georgei No Native + 0.2 Li‐06 Maireana pentatropis Li06.10 No Native + 0.5 Li‐06 Maireana radiata Li06.07 No Native + 0.3 Li‐06 Maireana sedifolia No Native 1.5 0.5‐1 Li‐06 Maireana trichoptera Li06.08 No Native + 0.3 Li‐06 Maireana triptera No Native + 0.4 Li‐06 Olearia muelleri No Native 1 0.4 Li‐06 Ptilotus exaltatus No Native + 0.2 Li‐06 Ptilotus obovatus No Native 1.5 0.4 Li‐06 Roepera eremaea No Native + 0.1 Li‐06 Santalum acuminatum No Native 1.5 1.5‐2.5 Li‐06 Scaevola spinescens No Native 3 0.5‐1 Li‐06 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native + 0.2 Li‐06 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 3 1‐2 Li‐06 Senna cardiosperma No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐06 Solanum nummularia Li02.05 No Native + 0.2 Li‐06 Templetonia incrassata Li04.03 No NativeLi‐06 Westringia rigida Li06.09 No Native + 0.6 Li‐07 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native 2 1‐2 Li‐07 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native + 0.4 Li‐07 Dodonaea lobulata No Native 3 0.5‐1.5 Li‐07 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native 2.5 1‐2 Li‐07 Eremophila granitica No Native + 0.3 Li‐07 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans No Native 1 2 Li‐07 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia Li02.09 No Native 1.5 2‐4


69

SITE_ID GENUS SPECIES INFRA_RANK INF_NAME VOUCHER_NO SIGNIFICANT INTRO_NATIVE NO_INDIVIDUALS % COVERAGE PLANT_HEIGHT Li‐07 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native 1 0.5‐01 Li‐07 Eremophila scoparia No Native 1 1.5‐2.5 Li‐07 Eucalyptus griffithsii Li07.01 No Native 10 7‐10 Li‐07 Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa Li04.05 No Native 1 8‐12 Li‐07 Eucalyptus salmonophloia No Native 1 12 Li‐07 Exocarpus aphyllus No Native 1.5 3 Li‐07 Halgania andromedifolia Li04.04 No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐07 Maireana sedifolia No Native 2.5 0.5‐1 Li‐07 Maireana trichoptera Li06.08 No Native + 0.3 Li‐07 Olearia muelleri No Native 2.5 0.4 Li‐07 Ptilotus obovatus No Native 0.5 0.4 Li‐07 Scaevola spinescens No Native 1.5 0.5‐1 Li‐07 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 8 1‐2 Li‐07 Solanum nummularia Li02.05 No Native + 0.3 Li‐15 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native Li‐15 Atriplex stipitata Li06.01 No Native 0.5 0.6 Li‐15 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native 0.5 0.6 Li‐15 Cratystylis subspinescens No Native 0.5 0.5‐1.2 Li‐15 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native 1 1‐2 Li‐15 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native 1 0.6‐1 Li‐15 Eremophila scoparia No Native 3 1.5‐2.5 Li‐15 Eucalyptus lesouefii No Native Li‐15 Eucalyptus salmonophloia No Native 11 10‐18 Li‐15 Eucalyptus transcontinentalis No Native Li‐15 Exocarpos aphyllus Li11.02 No Native 1 1.5‐2.5 Li‐15 Lycium australe Li03.11 No Native 0.5 0.5 Li‐15 Maireana sedifolia No Native 7 0.5‐1 Li‐15 Maireana triptera No Native + 0.3 Li‐15 Olearia muelleri No Native 2 0.5 Li‐15 Ptilotus obovatus No Native + 0.5 Li‐15 Scaevola spinescens No Native 4 0.5‐1 Li‐15 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native 1 0.1 Li‐15 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 7 1‐2 Li‐16 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native Li‐16 Acacia tetragonophylla No Native + 2 Li‐16 Atriplex stipitata Li06.01 No Native Li‐16 Atriplex vesicaria Li16.02 No Native 2 0.5 Li‐16 Austrostipa sp. indet Li03.15 No Native + 0.5‐1 Li‐16 Cratystylis microphylla Li16.05 No Native Li‐16 Cratystylis subspinescens No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐16 Dodonaea stenozyga Li16.04 No Native + 1.8 Li‐16 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa No Native + 0.6 Li‐16 Eremophila scoparia No Native 3.5 2‐3 Li‐16 Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides Li16.01 No Native 20 4‐8 Li‐16 Eucalyptus salmonophloia No Native Li‐16 Exocarpos aphyllus Li16.03 No Native + 1 Li‐16 Frankenia interioris Li03.04 No Native + 0.3 Li‐16 Halgania andromedifolia Li04.04 No Native 1 1 Li‐16 Lycium australe No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐16 Maireana sedifolia No Native 10 0.5‐1 Li‐16 Maireana triptera No Native 1 0.3 Li‐16 Marsdenia australis No Native + Cl Li‐16 Olearia muelleri No Native 1.5 0.5 Li‐16 Ptilotus obovatus No Native 2 0.5 Li‐16 Rhagodia spinescens Li14.01 No Native 2 0.5‐1 Li‐16 Santalum spicatum No Native + 2.5 Li‐16 Scaevola spinescens No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐16 Sclerolaena cuneata Li10.01 No Native + 0.3 Li‐16 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native 0.5 0.2


70

SITE_ID GENUS SPECIES INFRA_RANK INF_NAME VOUCHER_NO SIGNIFICANT INTRO_NATIVE NO_INDIVIDUALS % COVERAGE PLANT_HEIGHT Li‐16 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia Li16.06 No Native Li‐16 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 2 1‐2 Li‐17 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native 1 1‐2 Li‐17 Atriplex stipitata Li06.01 No Native + 0.6 Li‐17 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native 2 0.5 Li‐17 Austrostipa sp. indet Li03.15 No Native + 0.5‐1 Li‐17 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa No Native + 0.5 Li‐17 Eremophila granitica No Native + 0.5‐1 Li‐17 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans No Native 0.5 2‐6 Li‐17 Eremophila ionantha Li17.02 No Native Li‐17 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native + 0.5‐1 Li‐17 Eremophila scoparia No Native 3.5 2‐3 Li‐17 Eucalyptus salmonophloia No Native 8 15‐25 Li‐17 Eucalyptus transcontinentalis No Native Li‐17 Maireana sedifolia No Native 10 0.5‐1 Li‐17 Maireana triptera No Native 1 0.4 Li‐17 Olearia muelleri No Native 1 0.5 Li‐17 Ptilotus exaltatus No Native + 0.2 Li‐17 Ptilotus obovatus No Native + 0.5 Li‐17 Rhagodia spinescens Li14.01 No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐17 Roepera eremaea Li17.01 No Native + 0.2 Li‐17 Scaevola spinescens No Native 2 0.5‐1 Li‐17 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native 0.5 0.2 Li‐17 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 2 1‐2 Li‐17 Solanum lasiophyllum No Native + 0.5 Li17 oppcoll Senna artemisioides subsp. x artemisioides No Native Li17 oppcoll nearby Lepidium cf. papillosum No Native Li‐18 Acacia acuminata Li05.02 No Native 25 2‐5 Li‐18 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native 0.5 1.5 Li‐18 Amyema sp. indet No Native Li‐18 Dodonaea lobulata No Native Li‐18 Eremophila alternifolia Li11.01 No Native Li‐18 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native Li‐18 Eremophila granitica No Native 15 0.5‐2 Li‐18 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia Li02.09 No Native 0.5 1‐2 Li‐18 Eucalyptus griffithsii No Native Li‐18 Eucalyptus longissima Li18.01 No Native 12 6 Li‐18 Melaleuca hamata Li05.03 No Native 12 2‐4 Li‐18 Pittosporum angustifolium Li18.02 No Native Li‐18 Poaceae sp. indet No Native + 0.2 Li‐26 Aristida sp. indet No Native + 0.3 Li‐26 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native 1 0.5 Li‐26 Austrostipa sp. indet Li03.15 No Native + 0.5 Li‐26 Cratystylis microphylla Li16.05 No Native + 1.4 Li‐26 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native 1 1‐2 Li‐26 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia Li02.09 No Native 1 1‐3 Li‐26 Eremophila scoparia No Native 1 1‐3 Li‐26 Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. celastroides Li01.24 No Native 25 4‐7 Li‐26 Eucalyptus ravida No Native 2 6‐9 Li‐26 Eucalyptus transcontinentalis No Native Li‐26 Halgania andromedifolia Li04.04 No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐26 Maireana sedifolia No Native 8 0.5‐1 Li‐26 Maireana triptera No Native 5 0.4 Li‐26 Olearia muelleri No Native 3 0.4 Li‐26 Pittosporum angustifolium No Native + 1 Li‐26 Ptilotus exaltatus No Native + 0.6 Li‐26 Ptilotus obovatus No Native 0.5 0.4 Li‐26 Scaevola spinescens No Native 0.5 0.5


71

SITE_ID GENUS SPECIES INFRA_RANK INF_NAME VOUCHER_NO SIGNIFICANT INTRO_NATIVE NO_INDIVIDUALS % COVERAGE PLANT_HEIGHT Li‐26 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native 2 0.1 Li‐27 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native 1 0.5 Li‐27 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native Li‐27 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans No Native Li‐27 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native 0.5 0.5‐1 Li‐27 Eremophila scoparia No Native + 1‐2 Li‐27 Eucalyptus griffithsii No Native Li‐27 Eucalyptus lesouefii No Native 5 10‐15 Li‐27 Eucalyptus oleosa subsp. oleosa Li04.05 No Native Li‐27 Eucalyptus salmonophloia No Native Li‐27 Eucalyptus transcontinentalis No Native 22 10‐15 Li‐27 Exocarpus aphyllus No Native + 1 Li‐27 Maireana sedifolia No Native + 0.5‐1.5 Li‐27 Olearia muelleri No Native 2 0.5 Li‐27 Ptilotus obovatus No Native + 0.5 Li‐27 Santalum acuminatum No Native 5 1‐3 Li‐27 Scaevola spinescens No Native 10 0.5‐1.5 Li‐27 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 15 0.5‐1.5 Li‐28 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native 0.5 1‐2 Li‐28 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens No Native 1 3 Li‐28 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native 0.5 0.5 Li‐28 Austrostipa sp. indet Li03.15 No Native + 0.5‐1 Li‐28 Cratystylis subspinescens No Native 0.5 0.5‐1.5 Li‐28 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native + 0.5‐1.5 Li‐28 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans No Native 1 2‐4 Li‐28 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐28 Eremophila scoparia No Native 0.5 1‐2 Li‐28 Eucalyptus salmonophloia No Native 2 15 Li‐28 Eucalyptus transcontinentalis No Native 7.5 10‐15 Li‐28 Exocarpus aphyllus No Native + 1.5 Li‐28 Lycium australe Li03.11 No Native + 0.5‐1 Li‐28 Maireana sedifolia No Native 3 0.5‐1 Li‐28 Maireana triptera No Native + 0.3 Li‐28 Maireana cf. villosa Li28.01 No Native Li‐28 Olearia muelleri No Native 2 0.5 Li‐28 Ptilotus holosericeus Li28.03 No Native Li‐28 Ptilotus obovatus No Native + 0.4 Li‐28 Scaevola spinescens No Native 6 0.5‐1 Li‐28 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 7 1‐2 Li‐28 Templetonia incrassata Li28.02 No Native 0.5 1‐2 Li‐29 Acacia calcarata Li29.01 No Native 1.5 1 Li‐29 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native 3.5 1‐2.5 Li‐29 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens No Native 1 4 Li‐29 Atriplex vesicaria LI01.07 No Native 2 0.5 Li‐29 Austrostipa sp. indet Li03.15 No Native + 0.5‐1 Li‐29 Cratystylis conocephala Li01.03 No Native 1.5 1‐2 Li‐29 Eremophila caperata Li24.01 No Native + 1‐2 Li‐29 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native + 0.5‐1.5 Li‐29 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans Li01.11 No Native 2 2‐6 Li‐29 Eremophila parvifolia subsp. auricampa No Native 2 0.5‐1 Li‐29 Eremophila scoparia No Native 4 1.5‐3 Li‐29 Eucalyptus salmonophloia No Native 10‐20 Li‐29 Eucalyptus transcontinentalis Li01.26 No Native 7 10‐18 Li‐29 Exocarpos aphyllus Li11.02 No Native 1 1‐2 Li‐29 Maireana sedifolia No Native 4 0.5‐1 Li‐29 Maireana cf. tomentosa Li06.07 No Native + 0.3 Li‐29 Olearia muelleri No Native 1.5 0.4 Li‐29 Ptilotus obovatus No Native 1 0.5 Li‐29 Rhagodia spinescens Li29.02 No Native + 0.5


72

SITE_ID GENUS SPECIES INFRA_RANK INF_NAME VOUCHER_NO SIGNIFICANT INTRO_NATIVE NO_INDIVIDUALS % COVERAGE PLANT_HEIGHT Li‐29 Scaevola spinescens No Native 5 0.5‐1 Li‐29 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 6 1‐2 Li‐32 Acacia hemiteles Li01.12 No Native 1 1‐2 Li‐32 Atriplex vesicaria Li03.03 No Native 1 0.5 Li‐32 Austrostipa sp. indet Li03.15 No Native + 0.5 Li‐32 Dodonaea lobulata No Native 2.5 0.5‐1.5 Li‐32 Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Li02.06 No Native 1 0.5‐1.5 Li‐32 Eremophila interstans subsp. interstans No Native 2.5 2‐4 Li‐32 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia Li02.09 No Native 1 1‐2.5 Li‐32 Eucalyptus griffithsii No Native 25 7‐12 Li‐32 Exocarpus aphyllus No Native 1 1‐2 Li‐32 Maireana sedifolia No Native 1 0.5‐1 Li‐32 Maireana trichoptera Li03.14 No Native + 0.3 Li‐32 Maireana triptera No Native + 0.4 Li‐32 Maireana cf. tomentosa Li06.07 No Native + 0.3 Li‐32 Olearia muelleri No Native 6 0.5 Li‐32 Ptilotus obovatus No Native 2 0.5 Li‐32 Rhagodia spinescens Li29.02 No Native + 0.5 Li‐32 Scaevola spinescens No Native + 0.5 Li‐32 Sclerolaena diacantha No Native + 0.2 Li‐32 Sclerolaena obliquicuspis Li32.01 No Native + 0.3 Li‐32 Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia No Native 1.5 1.5 Li‐32 Solanum lasiophyllum No Native + 0.4 Li‐32 Westringia rigida Li06.09 No Native 1 0.5 Li‐32 & R‐07 Eucalyptus longissima R07 No Native 1 6 OC Eremophila caperata No Native OC Eremophila scoparia No Native OC Olearia pimeleoides No Native OC Cymbopogon ambiguus No Native OC Senna cardiosperma No Native OC road verge Cynodon dactylon No Introduced OC road verge Enneapogon sp. indet. No Native OC road verge Eragrostis curvula No Introduced OC Atriplex codonocarpa No Native OC Austrostipa sp. indet No Native OC Calotis hispidula No Native OC Eremophila oppositifolia subsp. angustifolia No Native OC Lawrencia repens No Native OC Paspalidium sp. indet No Native OC Roepera apiculata No Native OC Roepera eremaea No Native OC Sclerolaena drummondii No Native OC Triodia scariosa No Native OC Li04 Eremophila alternifolia No Native OC A.burkittii Grevillea nematophylla subsp. nematophylla No Native OC road verges Asphodelus fistulosus No Introduced R‐01 Carthamnus lanatus R01.01 No Introduced 20 + 0.2‐0.5 R‐01 Salvia verbenaca R01.02 No Introduced 7 + 0.3 R‐02 Eremophila gibbosa R02.01 No Native 1‐2 R‐02 Eucalyptus longissima R02.02 No Native 4‐6 R‐02 Maireana triptera No Native R‐02 Solanum nummularia R02.05 No Native R03 Eremophila ionantha No Native R03 Olearia pimeleoides No Native R03 Templetonia incrassata No Native R03 Amyema preissii No Native R04 Eremophila praecox Yes Native R05 Asphodelus fistulosus No Introduced R05 Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustifolia No Native


73

SITE_ID GENUS SPECIES INFRA_RANK INF_NAME VOUCHER_NO SIGNIFICANT INTRO_NATIVE NO_INDIVIDUALS % COVERAGE PLANT_HEIGHT R05 Eremophila oldfieldii subsp. angustifolia No NativeR‐06 Eucalyptus yilgarnensis No Native


74

Li-01

Li-02


75

Li-03

Li-04


76

Li-05

Li-06


77

Li-07

Li-15


78

Li-16

Li-17


79

Li-18

Li-26


80

Li-27

Li-28


81

Li-29

Li-32

detailed flora and vegetation survey lot 500 great eastern

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