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DESIGNING SAFE ROOMS AND SAFE HOMES WITH LOGIX.

DESIGNING SAFE ROOMS AND SAFE HOMES WITH LOGIX©2012 LOGIX Insulated Concrete Forms Ltd.

2

Table of Contents

Section PageOverview – Logix Wind Resistance Advantages ..........................................................................................................3Logix Wall Engineering To 300 MPH Wind Rating ............................................................................................6Fema-Compliant Design Specifications For Safe Rooms and Safe Homes .........................................................7

Actual ICF-Built Home That Survived Katrina


3

Hurricanes and tornadoes have progressively caused more damage to property, personal injury and loss of life than any other natural disaster in the United States.

In fact, 2011 is proving to be a record year for tornadoes costing billions in property damage, and hundreds of lives lost.

As we continue to rebuild in the paths of hurricanes and tornadoes, stronger and more durable building materials than traditional framed or masonry wall construction needs to be considered. Basically, these buildings need to be more resistant to extreme wind events than what is currently required by building codes.

Due to its many benefits, LOGIX has been gaining popularity in the building industry as an alternative to framed or masonry construction. Over the years, LOGIX has proven to be quick and easy to install while providing the built-in insulation and vapor barrier. The thick rigid foam insulation and concrete core also creates a high energy efficient wall system.

The added benefit of a solid reinforced concrete core protected by a layer of rigid foam makes LOGIX one of the strongest, most durable wall systems available, and ideal for buildings and safe rooms in high wind-prone regions.

This document discusses the use of LOGIX in the design and construction of buildings and safe rooms in high wind-prone regions. In addition, engineered wind load tables and FEMA compliant ready-to-use safe room construction plans are noted as a design aid specific for LOGIX.

Buildings Constructed to Model Building CodesDepending on the geographic location of the building, the model building codes require the design and construction of

buildings in high wind regions to be based on basic wind speeds that may be up to 170 mph (200 mph in the Florida Building Code). Statistically, this covers approximately 90% of all wind speeds experienced in the US including those generated by hurricanes and weaker tornados.

Buildings in compliance to the model building codes are designed and constructed with adequate wall to roof, and wall to footing connections, so that a continuous load path is provided to transfer wind loads from the framing members to the foundation. However, with the exception of window openings, model building codes have no requirements for the protection of exterior walls and roofs from wind-borne debris. As a result, buildings hit from flying debris during high wind events can experience a breach in the building envelope through the exterior walls, even within wind speeds the building was designed for.

A breach in the building envelope during high wind events can greatly increase the pressure experienced by the building, which can lead to possible structural damage and potential harm to building occupants. For the most part, minimum requirements of model building codes are meant to protect the loss of property rather than the loss of life.

Generally, the costs associated to design and construct a debris resistant home, or larger building, with the intent to fully protect its building occupants, make it impractical to build. Which is likely the reason there are no wind-borne debris impact protection requirements for exterior walls and roofs in model building codes.


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For the most part, minimum requirements of model building codes are meant to protect the loss of property rather than the loss of life.

However, with exterior walls being the main structural support for buildings, stronger, more durable walls offer more protection to building occupants against debris impacts, and can reduce the costs of maintenance and repairs compared to framed and masonry construction.

Without further enhancements, traditional framed buildings offer little resistance to debris impacts. In addition, air infiltrating through framed walls during extreme wind events can increase the stress on the building. Masonry construction requires full grouting and reinforcement. In comparison, LOGIX walls are naturally strong, durable and airtight structures that resist high wind loads, and debris impacts without the need to further strengthen the wall.

History has shown that reinforced concrete structures, like those built with LOGIX, are often the only buildings left standing in the aftermath of a hurricane or tornado.

Despite the lack of wind-borne debris protection in the model building codes for walls and roofs, using LOGIX can help ensure buildings stay intact and provide a higher level of safety, during extreme wind events.

Logix Wind Load TablesSince reinforced concrete is the structural component of LOGIX, buildings constructed with LOGIX can be designed for higher wind loads than what is required by code.

To aide designers and builders, Table 3B in Section 6 of the LOGIX Design Manual offers a wind load table for above-grade

walls where the design wind speed is greater than 150 mph. The table includes wind speeds of 200, 250, 275 and 300 mph for LOGIX walls of varying thicknesses and wall heights. Table 3B can be found at the end of this document.

The use of Table 3B creates LOGIX walls capable of withstanding wind speeds greater than what is required by code, and will offer more safety than framed or masonry walls. However, it is important to note that special attention should be paid to the connection details for wind loads not covered in building codes. Connection details between the wall to footing, and wall to roof, will depend on a number of factors such as wind load, height and shape of building. A local licensed engineer should be consulted if the design of the building is outside the scope of the model building codes.

Safe RoomsTypically buildings are not designed to fully withstand wind-borne debris impacts generated by hurricanes and tornados.

Wind driven debris presents the greatest hazard to building occupants and to building structures during a tornado or hurricane. In cases of extreme wind events, building occupants should evacuate to safe rooms designed to protect building occupants.

Every component of a safe room, from the roof to the foundation, is designed to withstand missile impacts and associated wind loads up to 250 mph. This represents more than 99% of all tornados known to have occurred in the United States, and higher than Category 5 hurricanes.


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Research has shown that for strength and resistance to debris impacts, ICFs out perform other wall assemblies making them ideal for Safe Rooms. Traditional framed construction requires considerable improvements to match the strength and resistance of ICFs. CMUs require full grouting and reinforcing. Only traditional reinforced concrete and tilt-up panels were comparable to ICFs. However, ICFs were the only wall system that showed no signs of damage to the structural component of the wall assembly–no visible damage to the concrete core of the ICFs tested.

It is worth noting, that the tested ICF walls consisted of a 4 inch reinforced concrete core, and performed better than tested 6 inch thick traditional reinforced concrete walls. This is likely due to the layer of rigid foam insulation that blankets the concrete core absorbing energy from debris impacts. Hence, reducing the impact load to the concrete core (analogous to rigid foam used in helmets to absorb impacts).

LOGIX form panels have the thickest foam insulation in the ICF industry ranging from 2.75 to 8 inches, making LOGIX one of the most debris impact resistant ICFs available.

Building Safe Rooms with LogixBased on numerous case studies and research, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has developed two best practice guides for the design and construction of safe rooms. FEMA 361 covers community safe rooms intended to accommodate more than 16 persons, and FEMA 320 covers residential and small business safe rooms intended to accommodate 16 persons or less.

Residential and Small Business Safe RoomsFEMA 320, Taking Shelter from The Storm, offers a prescriptive guide to the design and construction of safe rooms specifically for residential and small businesses. These safe rooms are intended to hold no more than 16 persons, and include the use of ICFs for the construction of safe rooms.

As an aid to home owners, builders and designers, LOGIX has developed a set of construction plans for the construction of residential and small business safe rooms using LOGIX. The LOGIX construction plans are FEMA compliant and include plans for in-ground, basement, crawl space and detached safe rooms. For reference, the LOGIX Safe Room plans can be found at the end of this document.

Although the LOGIX safe room construction plans are complete, consulting a local engineer to review the plans can also help in indicating other local hazards that should be considered before construction.

Community Safe RoomsThe construction of a safe room designed to hold a large number of people dictates a larger building than that required for residential or small business safe rooms. Hence, a structural engineer is required for the design of a community safe room.

FEMA 361, Design and Construction Guidance for Community Safe Rooms, offers design and construction guidelines for community safe rooms, and notes 4 inch ICFs as a wall system capable of providing sufficient protection against extreme wind events and debris impacts.

Depending on the size of the community safe room, designers can use the wind load table, Table 3B, in Section 6 of the LOGIX Design Manual to aide in design of the safe room.

Improving occupant safety means constructing stronger, more durable buildings capable of withstanding large wind loads, including debris impacts, than typical framed and masonry structures. Well recognized for their inherent resistance to large wind loads, and debris impacts, ICFs are the perfect choice for constructing buildings in high wind prone regions. And choosing LOGIX makes it easier for builders and designers to create a building, or safe room, by providing detailed engineered high wind load tables, and FEMA compliant ready-to-build safe room construction plans.

For more information contact LOGIX at [email protected]


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7


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l bui

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NO

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afet

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aust

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quire

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r Saf

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bath

room

s.3.

If al

tern

ate

vent

ilatio

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para

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are

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vent

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iliar

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of t

he tw

oco

mpa

nies

that

man

ufac

ture

con

nect

ors

have

bee

n in

clud

ed in

this

tabl

e. T

he li

st o

f com

pani

es is

not

, how

ever

exh

aust

ive.

Add

ition

ally

, thi

s lis

t is

not i

nten

ded

to e

xpre

ss a

pre

fere

nce

for

thos

e m

anuf

actu

rers

and

/or t

heir

prod

ucts

, and

is n

ot a

nen

dors

emen

t of

thos

e m

anuf

actu

rers

and

/or p

rodu

cts.

Dra

win

g:

AT-

GR

AD

ES

AFE

RO

OM

FLO

OR

CO

NN

ECTI

ON

DET

AIL

- C

RA

WL

SPA

CE

FOU

ND

ATI

ON

SC

ALE

:1 2" =

1'-0

"

FOO

TIN

G D

ETA

ILS

EXTE

RIO

R W

ALL

S1

AG

-03

SC

ALE

:1 2" =

1'-0

"

CEI

LIN

G E

XHA

UST

FA

N /

HVA

C D

ETA

IL2A

AG

-03

SC

ALE

:1 2" =

1'-0

"

CEI

LIN

G E

XHA

UST

FA

N /

HVA

C D

ETA

IL2B

AG

-03

SC

ALE

:1 2" =

1'-0

"

PASS

IVE

VEN

TILA

TIO

N D

ETA

ILEX

TER

IOR

SA

FE R

OO

M W

ALL

TYP

ICA

L3

AG

-03

SC

ALE

:1 2" =

1'-0

"LO

GIX

ICF

IN-R

ES

IDE

NC

E&

SM

ALL

BU

SIN

ES

SS

AFE

RO

OM

DE

SIG

NS


14

3' m

ax.

6" m

ax.

ALT

ER

NA

TIV

E D

OO

R:

12 g

a. s

kin

w/ 2

0 ga

. met

alrib

s, h

oney

com

b co

re o

rpo

lyst

yren

e in

-fill

(no

extra

arm

or p

late

requ

ried)

atta

chsk

in p

er 1

4 ga

. ski

n do

orsp

ecifi

catio

ns b

elow

.

NO

TE:

Doo

rs c

an b

e ei

ther

14

ga.

skin

or 1

2 ga

. ski

n.S

ee c

onst

rion

deta

ils b

elow

for c

larif

icat

ion.

RE

VIS

ION

SN

o.D

ate

By

She

et: 8

of 9

Sca

le:

Dra

wn

by: F

BR

Dat

e: 1

0/29

/201

111

X17

The

draw

ing

repr

esen

ted

here

inis

to b

e us

ed a

s a re

fere

nce

guid

e on

ly;

the

user

shal

lch

eck

to e

nsur

e th

e dr

awin

gm

eets

loca

l bui

ldin

g co

des a

ndco

nstru

ctio

n pr

actic

es b

yco

nsul

ting

loca

l bui

ldin

gof

ficia

ls a

nd p

rofe

ssio

nals

,in

clud

ing

any

addi

tiona

lre

quire

men

ts.

Logi

x re

serv

esth

e rig

ht to

mak

e ch

ange

s to

the

draw

ing

with

out n

otic

e an

das

sum

es n

o lia

bilit

y in

conn

ectio

n w

ith th

e us

e of

the

draw

ing

incl

udin

gm

odifi

catio

n, c

opyi

ng o

rdi

strib

utio

n.

Pro

ject

:

Title

: MS-

01

* C

ON

STR

UC

TIO

N O

F 14

GA

. SK

IN D

OO

R A

S F

OLL

OW

S:

1.V

ertic

al s

teel

stif

fene

rs2.

Clo

ser r

einf

orce

men

t3.

7 ga

. hin

ge re

info

rcem

ent

4.R

einf

orce

d lo

ck b

oxes

5.A

dditi

onal

14

ga. s

kin

atta

ched

to d

oor w

/ 1 4"

x11 4"

sel

f-tap

ping

scre

ws

w/ h

exag

on w

ashe

r hea

ds s

pace

d at

6" o

/c a

long

perim

eter

and

12"

o/c

in th

e fil

ed.

** C

ON

STR

UC

TIO

N O

F 12

GA

. SK

IN D

OO

R A

S F

OLL

OW

S:

1.12

ga.

ver

tical

ste

el s

tiffe

ners

2.12

ga.

full

perim

eter

cha

nnel

alo

ng th

e do

or e

dges

(dou

bled

at

door

hea

d)3.

7 ga

. hin

ge re

info

rcem

ent

4.7

ga. c

lose

r rei

nfor

cem

ent

5.12

ga.

rein

forc

ed lo

ck b

oxes

6.A

dditi

onal

12

ga. s

kin

atta

ched

to d

oor w

/ 1 4"

x11 4"

sel

f-tap

ping

scre

ws

w/ h

exag

on w

ashe

r hea

ds s

pace

d at

6" o

/c a

long

perim

eter

and

12"

o/c

in th

e fil

ed.

RE

CO

MM

EN

DE

D S

IGN

AG

E C

RIT

ER

IA (S

EE

ALS

O IC

C-5

00)

1.In

stal

l a p

laqu

e, s

ign,

or o

ther

mar

king

to c

lear

ly id

entif

y:- 2

50 m

ph, 3

-sec

ond

gust

Saf

e R

oom

des

ign

win

d sp

eed

- Mis

sile

impa

ct re

sist

ance

ratin

g fo

r:- 1

5 lb

2x4

trav

elin

g ho

rizon

tally

at 1

00 m

ph- 1

5 lb

2x4

trav

elin

g ve

rtica

lly a

t 67

mph

- Nam

e of

she

lter,

man

ufac

ture

r or b

uild

er2.

The

sign

sha

ll be

mou

nted

on

the

insi

de w

all o

f the

Saf

e R

oom

in a

pro

min

ent l

ocat

ion

60" a

bove

the

floor

.

Dra

win

g:DO

OR

DE

TAIL

S&

SIG

NA

GE

DO

OR

ATT

AC

HM

ENT

DET

AIL

S1

MS

-01

SC

ALE

:34"

= 1

'-0"

DO

OR

- SH

EET

MET

AL

ATT

AC

HM

ENT

PATT

ERN

2M

S-0

1S

CA

LE:3

4" =

1'-0

"

LOG

IX IC

FIN

-RE

SID

EN

CE

& S

MA

LLB

US

INE

SS

SA

FE R

OO

MD

ES

IGN

S


15

RE

VIS

ION

SN

o.D

ate

By

She

et: 9

of 9

Sca

le:

Dra

wn

by: F

BR

Dat

e: 1

0/29

/201

111

X17

The

draw

ing

repr

esen

ted

here

inis

to b

e us

ed a

s a re

fere

nce

guid

e on

ly;

the

user

shal

lch

eck

to e

nsur

e th

e dr

awin

gm

eets

loca

l bui

ldin

g co

des a

ndco

nstru

ctio

n pr

actic

es b

yco

nsul

ting

loca

l bui

ldin

gof

ficia

ls a

nd p

rofe

ssio

nals

,in

clud

ing

any

addi

tiona

lre

quire

men

ts.

Logi

x re

serv

esth

e rig

ht to

mak

e ch

ange

s to

the

draw

ing

with

out n

otic

e an

das

sum

es n

o lia

bilit

y in

conn

ectio

n w

ith th

e us

e of

the

draw

ing

incl

udin

gm

odifi

catio

n, c

opyi

ng o

rdi

strib

utio

n.

Pro

ject

:

Title

: MS-

02

HA

RD

WA

RE

LOG

IX IC

F W

ALL

SLA

B-O

N-G

RA

DE

FOU

ND

ATI

ON

INSU

LATE

D C

ON

CR

ETE

RO

OF

ALT

ERN

ATI

VE

FLA

T C

ON

CR

ETE

RO

OF

ALT

ERN

ATI

VE

Dra

win

g:

MA

TER

IALS

LIS

TS

NO

TES:

Qua

ntiti

es fo

r 4" a

nd 6

.25"

LO

GIX

Saf

e R

oom

s ba

sed

on A

t-gra

de S

afe

Roo

m w

ith th

e fo

llow

ing

max

. dim

ensi

ons

(See

Det

ail 1

, Dra

win

g A

G-0

1 an

d D

raw

ing

AG

-02)

:

- 4" L

OG

IX: 1

2' x

12'

x 8

' tal

l- 6

.25"

LO

GIX

12'

x 1

2' x

10'

tall

28"x

8" T

HIC

K F

OO

TIN

G

LOG

IX IC

FIN

-RE

SID

EN

CE

& S

MA

LLB

US

INE

SS

SA

FE R

OO

MD

ES

IGN

S

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