design guidance for robust design using load...

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41 ISoRD 2014 CPH 1 st International Symposium on Robust Design København, DK 14 th -15 th of August 2014 41 Reviewed by: Design Guidance for Robust Design using Load-Strength and Design of Experiments 9 /ROO 06F %&RP /ROO &RQVXOW .H\ZRUGV UREXVW GHVLJQ /RDG6WUHQJWK GHVLJQ RI ([SHULPHQWV '2( GHVLJQ JXLGHOLQHV Abstract 7KH VKRUW SURGXFW GHYHORSPHQW F\FOH DQG WKH LQFUHDVHG GHPDQG RI UREXVW VDIH DQG UHOLDEOH GHVLJQ KDV PDGH WKH 7HVW $QDO\VLV $QG )L[ 7$$) PHWKRG REVROHWH &ORVLQJ WKH IHHGEDFN ORRS RQ D GHVLJQ IURP ¿HOG UHWXUQ )5$&$6 WDNHV \HDUV &ORVLQJ WKH IHHGEDFN ORRS IURP WHVW- LQJ WDNH PRQWKV 7KHUHIRUH D PRGHUQ GHVLJQ KDV WR EXLOG LQ UREXVWQHVV VDIHW\ DQG UHOLDELOLW\ GXULQJ WKH GHVLJQ SURFHVV 7KH SDSHU GHVFULEHV KRZ WKH /RDG6WUHQJWK WKHRU\ DQG GHVLJQ RI H[SHULPHQW '2( FDQ EH XVHG WR GHYHORS GHVLJQ JXLGDQFH IRU D UREXVW GHVLJQ 7KH LQÀXHQFH RI VDIHW\ PDUJLQ DQG ORDGLQJ URXJKQHVV LV GHVFULEHG WRJHWKHU ZLWK UHSHDWHG ORDGV 5HDO H[DP- SOHV RI GHVLJQ JXLGDQFH IRU UREXVW GHVLJQ DUH VKRZQ 1. Introduction 5REXVWQHVV LV GH¿QHG E\ ,((( DV ³WKH GHJUHH WR ZKLFK D V\VWHP RU FRPSRQHQW FDQ IXQFWLRQ FRUUHFWO\ LQ WKH SUHVHQFH RI LQYDOLG LQSXW RU VWUHVVIXO HQYLURQPHQWDO FRQGLWLRQV´ ,((( 7KH GHVLJQHU KDV WR ¿QG D IHDVLEOH GHVLJQ DQG RSWLPL]H LW ZLWKLQ WKH FRQVWUDLQWV RI VSHFL¿FD- WLRQV HQYLURQPHQW FRQGLWLRQV FRVWV DQG VFKHGXOH 7KH V\VWHP GHVLJQ ZLOO QRW EH FRYHUHG LQ WKLV SDSHU $IWHU WKH V\VWHP GHVLJQ D QXPEHU RI PRGXOHV RU DVVHPEOLHV ZLOO QRUPDOO\ EH GH¿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roblem statement $ ZHOO NQRZQ PRGHO IRU WKH GHVLJQ SURFHVV LV WKH 9PRGHO )LJXUH 7KH V\VWHP VSHFL¿FDWLRQ LV EURNHQ GRZQ LQWR PRGXOHV DVVHPEOLHV E\ LQWHUIDFH VSHFL¿FDWLRQV ZKLFK DUH DJDLQ EURNHQ 3KLOLSS =LHJOHU 7RELDV (LÀHU Cited as: 9DOWHU / 'HVLJQ *XLGDQFH IRU 5REXVW 'H- VLJQ XVLQJ /RDG6WUHQJWK DQG 'HVLJQ RI ([SHULPHQWV ,Q +RZDUG 7 - DQG (LÀHU 7 HG 3URFHHGLQJV RI WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6\PSRVLXP RQ 5REXVW 'HVLJQ ,6R5'. Co- SHQKDJHQ 'HQPDUN SS DOI:GWX

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40 41

ISoRD2014 CPH

1st International Symposium on Robust DesignKøbenhavn, DK14th-15th of August 2014

41

Reviewed by:

Design Guidance for Robust Design using Load- Strength and Design of Experiments

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Abstract7KH�VKRUW�SURGXFW�GHYHORSPHQW�F\FOH�DQG�WKH�LQFUHDVHG�GHPDQG�RI�UREXVW��VDIH�DQG�UHOLDEOH�GHVLJQ�KDV�PDGH�WKH�7HVW�$QDO\VLV�$QG�)L[��7$$)��PHWKRG�REVROHWH��&ORVLQJ� WKH�IHHGEDFN�ORRS�RQ�D�GHVLJQ�IURP�¿HOG�UHWXUQ��)5$&$6��WDNHV�\HDUV��&ORVLQJ�WKH�IHHGEDFN�ORRS�IURP�WHVW-LQJ�WDNH�PRQWKV��7KHUHIRUH�D�PRGHUQ�GHVLJQ�KDV�WR�EXLOG�LQ�UREXVWQHVV��VDIHW\�DQG�UHOLDELOLW\�GXULQJ�WKH�GHVLJQ�SURFHVV��7KH�SDSHU�GHVFULEHV�KRZ�WKH�/RDG�6WUHQJWK�WKHRU\�DQG�GHVLJQ�RI�H[SHULPHQW��'2(��FDQ�EH�XVHG�WR�GHYHORS�GHVLJQ�JXLGDQFH�IRU�D�UREXVW�GHVLJQ��7KH�LQÀXHQFH�RI�VDIHW\�PDUJLQ�DQG�ORDGLQJ�URXJKQHVV�LV�GHVFULEHG�WRJHWKHU�ZLWK�UHSHDWHG�ORDGV��5HDO�H[DP-SOHV�RI�GHVLJQ�JXLGDQFH�IRU�UREXVW�GHVLJQ�DUH�VKRZQ�

1. Introduction5REXVWQHVV�LV�GH¿QHG�E\�,(((�DV�³WKH�GHJUHH�WR�ZKLFK�D�V\VWHP�RU�FRPSRQHQW�FDQ�IXQFWLRQ�FRUUHFWO\�LQ�WKH�SUHVHQFH�RI�LQYDOLG�LQSXW�RU�VWUHVVIXO�HQYLURQPHQWDO�FRQGLWLRQV´��,(((��������7KH�GHVLJQHU�KDV�WR�¿QG�D�IHDVLEOH�GHVLJQ�DQG�RSWLPL]H�LW�ZLWKLQ�WKH�FRQVWUDLQWV�RI�VSHFL¿FD-WLRQV�� HQYLURQPHQW� FRQGLWLRQV�� FRVWV� DQG� VFKHGXOH��7KH� V\VWHP�GHVLJQ�ZLOO� QRW� EH� FRYHUHG�LQ� WKLV�SDSHU��$IWHU� WKH�V\VWHP�GHVLJQ�D�QXPEHU�RI�PRGXOHV�RU�DVVHPEOLHV�ZLOO�QRUPDOO\�EH� GH¿QHG��7KH�GHWDLO�GHVLJQ�ZLOO�WKHQ�EH�PDGH��GHVLJQLQJ�PRGXOHV�E\�FRPELQLQJ�FRPSRQHQWV�DQG�GHVLJQ�GHWDLOV�

,W�ZLOO�VHOGRP�EH�SRVVLEOH�WR�RSWLPL]H�WKH�V\VWHP�GHVLJQ�RU�WKH�GHWDLO�GHVLJQ�DQDO\WLFDOO\� IRU�H[DPSOH�E\�D�UHVSRQVH�VXUIDFH��0RGHUQ�VRIWZDUH�DOORZV�UHVSRQVH�VXUIDFH�RSWLPL]DWLRQ�IRU�D�ODUJHU�QXPEHU�RI�SDUDPHWHUV�RU�FRQVWUDLQWV��EXW�WKLV�ZLOO�QRUPDOO\�RQO\�DOORZ�D�SDUWLDO�DQDO\VLV��7KHUHIRUH�WKH�GHVLJQHU�KDV�WR�XVH�DQ�LWHUDWLYH�DQG�KHXULVWLF�GHVLJQ�SURFHVV��7KH�UREXVW�GHVLJQ�SKLORVRSK\� LV� FRQFHUQHG�ZLWK� WDNLQJ� LQWR� DFFRXQW� YDULDWLRQV� LQ� WKH�PDQXIDFWXULQJ�� HQYLURQ-PHQWDO�DQG�XVDJH�FRQGLWLRQV��)RU�WKLV�WKHUH�H[LVW�D�QXPEHU�RI�PHWKRGV��6RPH�RI�WKHVH�ZLOO�EH�GLVFXVVHG�LQ�WKH�IROORZLQJ��DQG�SUDFWLFDO�H[DPSOHV�RI�WKHLU�DSSOLFDWLRQ�DUH�VKRZQ��7KH�GHVLJQHU�ZLOO�QRUPDOO\�KDYH�WR�DSSO\�DQG�FRPELQH�VHYHUDO�PHWKRGV�IRU�D�JLYHQ�GHVLJQ�WDVN��7KLV�PHDQV�WKDW�QRUPDOO\�QR�VLQJOH�PHWKRG�ZLOO�EH�HQRXJK�WR�HQVXUH�D�UREXVW�GHVLJQ�IRU�H[DPSOH�XVHG�DV�D�.H\�3HUIRUPDQFH�,QGLFDWRU��.3,��IRU�WKH�SURMHFW�

2. Problem statement$�ZHOO�NQRZQ�PRGHO�IRU�WKH�GHVLJQ�SURFHVV�LV�WKH�9�PRGHO��)LJXUH�����7KH�V\VWHP�VSHFL¿FDWLRQ�LV�EURNHQ�GRZQ�LQWR�PRGXOHV��DVVHPEOLHV��E\�LQWHUIDFH�VSHFL¿FDWLRQV��ZKLFK�DUH�DJDLQ�EURNHQ�

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Cited as: 9DOWHU�/�������� 'HVLJQ�*XLGDQFH�IRU�5REXVW�'H-VLJQ�XVLQJ�/RDG�6WUHQJWK�DQG�'HVLJQ�RI�([SHULPHQWV�� ,Q��+RZDUG��7��-��DQG�(LÀHU��7���HG��������3URFHHGLQJV�RI� WKH�,QWHUQDWLRQDO�6\PSRVLXP�RQ�5REXVW�'HVLJQ���,6R5'��. Co-SHQKDJHQ��'HQPDUN��SS��������

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3. Existing Approaches6RPH����\HDUV�DJR�WKH�GHVLJQ�SKLORVRSK\�LQ�PRVW�FRPSDQLHV�ZDV�WKH�7HVW�$QDO\]H�$QG�)L[��7$$)��PHWKRG�ZKHUH�WKH�GHVLJQ�ZDV�WHVWHG�DQG�DIWHU�WKDW�WKH�QHFHVVDU\�IHZ�FKDQJHV�DQG�LP-SURYHPHQWV�ZHUH�PDGH��7R�GD\�WKLV�PHWKRG�LV�FRQVLGHUHG�REVROHWH��VLQFH�LW�WDNHV�WRR�ORQJ�WLPH�DQG�ZLWK�WKH�KLJK�UHOLDELOLW\�DQG�UREXVWQHVV�UHTXLUHPHQW�RI�WR�GD\¶V�PDUNHW�LW�LV�QRW�SRVVLEOH�WR�YHULI\�WKH�UHTXLUHPHQWV�E\�WHVWLQJ�DORQH��5REXVWQHVV�DQG�UHOLDELOLW\�KDYH�WR�GHVLJQHG�LQWR�WKH�SURGXFW��QRW�DGGHG�LQ�WKH�WHVW�SKDVH�

Figure 1. The V- model - Feed back delays

3. Proposed procedures,Q�DQ�LWHUDWLYH�DQG�KHXULVWLF�GHVLJQ�SURFHVV�WKH�GHVLJQHU�QHHG�WR�KDYH�IHHG�EDFN�RQ�WKH�SHUIRU-PDQFH�RI�D�SURSRVHG�GHVLJQ��7KHUHIRUH�WKH�WLPH�WR�FORVH�WKLV�IHHGEDFN�ORRS�LV�FULWLFDO��7KH�IHHG�EDFN�WLPH�IURP�WKH�¿HOG�LV�W\SLFDOO\�\HDUV��7KH�IHHG�EDFN�WLPH�IURP�V\VWHP�WHVW��LQWHJUDWLRQ�WHVW�DQG�FRPSRQHQW�WHVW�LV�W\SLFDOO\�PRQWKV��7KHUHIRUH�LW�LV�QRW�SRVVLEOH�IRU�WKH�GHVLJQHU�WR�PDNH�PDQ\�GHVLJQ�LWHUDWLRQV��%XW�DW�WKH�ERWWRP�RI�WKH�9��LV�WKH�GHVLJQ�SURFHVV�EHIRUH�DQ\�KDUGZDUH�LV�SURGXFHG�� ,W� LV�SURSRVHG� WR�PDNH�D� ODUJH�QXPEHU�RI�GHVLJQ� LWHUDWLRQV�KHUH��:LWK�D�VKRUW�IHHGEDFN�WLPH�PRUH�GHVLJQ�LWHUDWLRQV�FDQ�EH�PDGH��DQG�WKH�¿QDO�GHVLJQ�FDQ�EH�PRUH�UREXVW�DQG�UHOLDEOH��$�QXPEHU�RI�PHWKRGV�DUH�SRVVLEOH�IRU�WKLV�SXUSRVH��$UYLGVVRQ�DQG�*UHP\U���������7KHVH�PHWKRGV�FDQ�RIWHQ�FORVH�WKH�IHHG�EDFN�ORRS�LQ�PLQXWHV�WR�GD\V��([DPSOHV�DUH��'HVLJQ�UHYLHZ��,(&���������)DLOXUH�0RGH�(IIHFW�&ULWLFDOLW\�$QDO\VLV��)0(&$���,(&���������)DXOW�7UHH�$QDO\VLV��)7$���,(&���������'HVLJQ�RI�([SHULPHQW��'2(���,(&���������)LQLWH�(OHPHQW�$QDO\-VLV��)(0���7ROHUDQFH�$QDO\VLV��,(&��������DQG��(EUR��+RZDUG�DQG�5DVPXVVHQ���������/RDG�6WUHQJWK�DQDO\VLV��&DUWHU���������$QDO\VLV�RI�GHJUHH�RI�IUHHGRP�>�@��LQWHUIDFH�DQDO\VLV��(EUR��+RZDUG�DQG�5DVPXVVHQ��������DQG�0RQWH�&DUOR�DQDO\VLV��'XEL���������6RPH�RI�WKHVH�PHWK-RGV�ZLOO�EH�GLVFXVVHG�LQ�WKH�IROORZLQJ��,W�LV�SURSRVHG�WKDW�GHVLJQ�JXLGHOLQHV�DUH�GHYHORSHG�IRU�FULWLFDO�GHVLJQ�GHWDLOV��EDVHG�RQ�DQDO\VLV��VLPXODWLRQ�DQG�GHVLJQ�RI�H[SHULPHQW��'2(���3UDFWLFDO�H[DPSOHV�RI�VXFK�JXLGHOLQHV�ZLOO�EH�GHVFULEHG�LQ�WKH�IROORZLQJ�

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5. Guidelines based on tolerance analysis$�PDMRU�IDFWRU�LQ�UREXVW�GHVLJQ�LV�WKH�YDULDWLRQ�RI�GLPHQVLRQV�GXH�WR�WKH�PDQXIDFWXULQJ�SUR-FHVVHV��DV�H[SUHVVHG�E\�WROHUDQFHV��7KHUH�DUH�GLIIHUHQW�PHWKRGV�WR�RSWLPL]H�WROHUDQFH�IRU�H[-DPSOH�WKH�7DJXFKL�ORVV�IXQFWLRQ��3KDGNH��������WKDW�XVH�'2(�WR�¿QG�WKH�RSWLPXP�WROHUDQFHV�2IWHQ�VHYHUDO�WROHUDQFHV�KDYH�WR�EH�FRPELQHG�WR�HYDOXDWH�WKH�LQÀXHQFH�RQ�WKH�IXQFWLRQ��7KLV�FDQ�EH�GRQH�XVLQJ�DQDO\WLFDO�PHWKRGV�DV�IRU�H[DPSOH�WKH�VTXDUH�URRW�RI�WKH�VXP�RI�WKH�VWDQ-GDUG�GHYLDWLRQV�VTXDUHG��)RU�PRUH�FRPSOLFDWHG�FRPELQDWLRQ�RI�WROHUDQFHV��D�0RQWH�&DUOR�VLP-ulation can be used.7R�DFKLHYH�D�UREXVW�GHVLJQ�WKH�WROHUDQFHV�VKRXOG�EH�VHOHFWHG�VR�WKH\�KDYH�WKH�OHDVW�LQÀXHQFH�RQ�WKH�RXWSXW�SDUDPHWHU�DV�VKRZQ�LQ�)LJXUH����7KH�LQÀXHQFH�RI�GLPHQVLRQ�*�RQ�WKH�RXWSXW�SDUDPHWHU��9�*��LV�VKRZQ�DV�WKH�VORSH�RI�WKH�VWUDLJKW�OLQH�

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References

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