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© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Design and control of microgrids- typical applications, impact on your business European Utility World, Amsterdam / November 5th 2014 Ullrich Jakobi, Siemens AG

2014-11-05

Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Ullrich Jakobi / EM EA MG

Key challenges drive implementation of Microgrids

Microgrid Technical challenges Customer challenges

Economical index:

cost/kWh, Energy security (reliability of infrastructure, energy import dependency, energy efficiency use), presence of remote areas

� Positive Business Case

Political index:

Taxes on fuel/CO2, Environment targets, Subsidies scheme, regulatory framework for renewable (feed-in tariffs)

� Long term investment, Sustainability

Efficient energy use - power and heat

Reliability / Security

Integration of renewables

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Typical Microgrid Customer Segments

… optimized energy management for reduced or better controlled energy costs and CO2 footprint.

… optimized economic performance of energy system through peak load management and limitation of grid extensions.

… increased stability of supply and grid resilience through on- and off-grid functionality.

… optimized use of intermittent generation and increased efficiency by combining heat and electricity generation.

Critical Infrastructures / Military Institutions

Campuses Remote Locations and Islands

Industries with critical processes

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Typical Microgrid Customer Segments – Individual Solutions

Requirements on solution design in general Individual solution to meet customer targets

Flexible architecture and components - Change of boundary conditions, technical/commercial, own targets/ external framework, … Integrated and consistent solution - Control center, substation automation, protection, power generation, storage, …

Critical Infrastructures / Military Institutions

Campuses Remote Locations and Islands Industries with critical processes

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Smart Polygeneration Microgrid Savona Campus System Overview

Technical: 1 Photovoltaic plant (80 kW), 1 Battery storage (140 kWh), 3 eCar charging posts, 3 Micro-CHP (1 x 30 kWe/57 kWth, 2 x 65 kWe/120 kWth), 2 Heat storages (500 kWth), 3 Concentrated solar plants (1 kWe/kWth), 1 Absorption chiller (100 kWth)

Challenges:

•  High cost of (electrical) energy supply •  Seasonal demand Solution:

• Microgrid Management System in combination with storage systems (electricity, heat), combined heat and power (CHP), concentrated solar plant (CSP), photovoltaic, eCar charging stations and controllable loads to improve efficiency of traditional generation and better exploit renewable generation

Benefits: •  Electricity savings • Optimization of energy production cost

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British Columbia Institute of Technology, Canada System Overview

Technical: 1 Photovoltaic plant (250 kW), 1 Battery storage (500 kWh), 2 eCar charging posts

Challenges:

•  High cost of electrical energy supply •  High cost of fuel transport •  Seasonal demand

Solution:

• Microgrid Management System in combination with battery storage system, photovoltaic plant, eCar charging stations and controllable loads to better exploit renewable generation

Benefits:

• Electricity savings

• Optimization of energy production cost • Island capability

• Grid support

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Typical Island Microgrid

Challenges: •  High cost of energy supply •  Seasonal demand •  Power interruptions •  Increasing renewable generation

causes power quality issues

Solution: •  Microgrid Management System in

combination with a Storage System to improve efficiency of traditional generation and better exploit renewable generation

Benefits: •  Fuel savings •  Maintenance savings •  Reduce penalties related to power

interruptions •  Avoid loss of renewable production

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Excess residential Photovoltaic's in Australia requires a Microgrid solution

Challenges: •  Residential Renewable Integration White

Paper, Victoria: -> Integrated approach to reduce cost pressures on households and business

•  Degree of deregulation and privatization various across states and territories

•  Excess residential photovoltaic's •  Regulation preference to RI •  Bi-directional power flow (grid set-up) •  Fluctuating loads & generation •  Complicate financial planning

Solution: •  Create microgrid community •  Bundle generation to communal storage Benefits: •  Reduction of grid overloads / collapse •  Renewable energy harnessed •  Better network planning •  Single point of coupling for utility •  Community benefit in case of grid blackout •  Improvement of Power Quality

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Typical Critical Infrastructure (City) Microgrid Application

Challenges: • Diesel max. 3 hours due polluting requirements and nameplate thermal ratings (“stand-by” rating only), hence resiliency only for hours

• Integration and use of energy generated locally by CHPs and PV

• Feed local grid in island mode Solution: • Deploy Siemens microgrid controller platform for energy management in islanded mode

• Install recloser switches at interface with local distribution company to isolate microgrid

• Option for further improvements using electrical energy storage (EES)

Benefits: •  Long time resiliency in case of outage • Optimized energy exchange to main grid in normal operation

• Optimized CAPEX / OPEX, combining renewable and fossil generation

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Island Application – Typical challenges and drivers

•  High total cost of energy supply, due to impact of fossil fuels transportation costs

•  Penalties related to power interruptions

•  Penalties related to polluting emissions

•  Targets on power production from renewable sources

Economical

•  Increasing integration of renewable sources causes increasing power quality issues in the grid

•  Seasonal demand peaks impact on power supply reliability, increasing the risk of power outages

•  Continuous disconnection from main grid requires redundancy in the grid and spinning reserve in order to maintain grid stability

Technical

0MW

1MW

2MW

3MW

4MW

5MW

6MW

7MW

8MW

00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:00

Spring Summer Autumn Winter

Example of seasonal demand

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•  Blackstart of the island grid

•  Transition Island Mode / Grid Connected Mode

•  Synchronization of the U/f-Inverters in the grid & Control interaction

•  Handling and protection of short circuits and faults

•  Fast/High load and generation variations/fluctuations management

•  Handling outage of generation

•  Handling outage of load

•  Voltage maintenance

•  Reserve supply / Spinning reserve

•  Optimize operation of fossil fueled generators in combination with a Storage System and a Microgrid Management System

•  Optimize usage of traditional and renewable generation

•  Introduce load management

Island Application – Technical functionalities and potential solution

Technical Functionalities needed Potential Solutions

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Features • Monitoring & control •  Generator control

(electrical & thermal) •  Storage control •  Load Control •  Generation forecast •  Load forecast •  Optimization & Unit Commitment •  Online control

Island Application – Solution Variant

SICAM Microgrid Manager

SICAM SGU

SICAM SGU

SICAM MIC

SICAM MIC

SICAM TM

SICAM SGU

SICAM SGU

SICAM SGU

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Increasing share of renewable and use of battery storages allow to reduce cost of fossil fuels

Avoid curtailment of renewable production, through the introduction of energy storage systems

Increasing share of renewable and use of battery storages impact positively on polluting emissions

Battery storage technology requires less maintenance compared to Diesel Generators

Fuel Savings

Loss of Renewable Production

Environmental Footprint

Maintenance Savings

Island Application – Main benefits

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ü  Consultative, iterative solution approach

ü  Brought portfolio of proven products (covering e.g. energy management*, power generation, storage)

Microgrids - Conclusion

… the implementation of microgrids requires a wide range of integrated competences

*) Control Center, Substation Automation, Protection

Optimal integrated and flexible microgrid solution to meet your individual requirements in terms of functionality and economics as well

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Thank you for your attention!

Ullrich Jakobi Head of Microgrid Solution Design EM EA MG SD

Humboldtstrasse 59 90459 Nuremberg, Germany

Phone: +49 (911) 433-2440 Fax: +49 (911) 433-8016 Mobile: +49 (173) 25 399 12

E-mail: [email protected]

design and control of microgrids- typical applications ... · design and control of microgrids-...

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