dental and pharmacy skills. identify the teeth incisors- located in the front and center - broad,...
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Dental and Pharmacy Skills
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Identify the Teeth Incisors- Located in the front and center
- Broad, sharp edge-used to cut food
Cuspids- Also called canines, or eyeteeth-Located at angles of lips-used to tear food-longest teeth in the mouth
Bicuspids- Also called premolars-located before molars, from front to
back -used to pulverize or grind food
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Identify the Teeth
Molars -Teeth in the back of the mouth
-largest and strongest teeth
-used to grind food Primary/Deciduous -First set of teeth
-”Baby Teeth”
-Spacing for permanent teeth
Maxillary -Located in the sockets,
or alveoli or upper jaw bone.
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Identify the Teeth
Mandibular- Located in the alveoli or the mandible, or lower jaw bone.
Secondary/Permanent- Second set of teeth, There are 32.
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Identifying Dental Instruments
Explorer- Used to examine teeth, detect carious lesions and note other oral conditions.
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Identifying Dental Instruments
Root Elevator- Used in extractions.
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Identifying Dental Instruments
• Excavator- Used to remove caries and refine the internal parts of the cavity.
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Identifying Dental Instruments
Mouth Mirror- Used in every basic
tray set-up
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Roman Numeral Equivalents
Arabic Roman
1 I
2 II
3 III
4 IV
5 V
6 VI
7 VII
8 VIII
9 IX
Arabic Roman
10 X
20 XX
30 XXX
40 XL
50 L
100 C
500 D
1,000 M
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Using Roman Numerals
Used for some drugs and solutionsUsed for ordering some suppliesKEY NUMERALS:
I, V, X, C, D, MUsually, no more that 3 of any one
Roman Numeral is used to represent a number.
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Using Roman Numerals
If the numeral for a smaller number is used after the numeral for a larger number, all of the numbers are added together.
If the numeral for a smaller number is used in front of the numeral for a larger number, the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number.
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Conversions
1 Liter = 1000 ml/cc 1oz. = 30 ml/cc 1pt. = 1000 ml/cc Celsius to Fahrenheit
(C x 1.8)+32=F Fahrenheit to Celsius
(F-32)/1.8=C 15gtt.s (drops) = 1ml 1liter =10 deciliters 30cc = 1oz.
1 Cup = 8oz. 1 inch = 2.54 cm 1m = 3.28 ft 1 Tsp = 5 ml/cc 1ft. = 12 inches 1gallon = 4 qt. Formula to change lb. to
kg = ld/2.2 Formula to change kg. to
lb. = kg. *2.2
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Routine Oral Hygiene Involves tooth brushing and flossing. Should be done at least 3 times a day. Provide necessary equipment such as toothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss, mouthwash, emesis, basin, cup, and water. Assist the patient as needed.
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Oral Hygiene Benefits of Oral Hygiene include: Provides Comfort Stimulates the appetite Prevents disease and dental caries. Helps prevent bad breath (halitosis) Stimulates saliva production which contains digestive enzymes and promotes digestion.
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EWWWW!!!! NOT GOOD ORAL HYGIENE!!!!
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BAD ORAL HYGIENE!!!
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Denture Care
Provide privacy for the patient. Have patient remove dentures if able. Place dentures in a denture cup to carry to sink. Use warm water to clean dentures. Hold dentures securely. Let patient rinse mouth and brush gums. Store dentures in a denture cup labeled with patient’s name.
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Universal Method
The Universal Method uses upper case letters to identify the deciduous teeth.
There are 20 teeth in the deciduous set.
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Name and Location
The proper terms for the two front teeth are the Right and Left Central incisors.
The Mandibular teeth are located in the lower jaw bone.
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Medication
Use the PDR section product identification to look up pills.
If a patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting the physician prescribe Phenergan. The form of the medication that would be most appropriate for the patient would be a suppository.
Lozenge- Medication that is in the form of a large flat disc that dissolves in the mouth.
A type of medication that would be applied topically would be ointment
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5 basic Rights to Medication Safety
1.) Right Patient: Is this the patient's medication or is it for someone else?
2.) Right Dose: How many tablets or doses are to be taken each day? How many times each day?
3.) Right Route: PO, Suppository, SQ, Sublingual, Topical, IV, or Intradermal.
4.) Right Time: What time of day should the medication be taken? What about food? Should it taken before a meal, with a meal, after a meal, or with a snack?
5.) Right medication