CHAPTER 14

PERSONAL CARE

YOUR TEETH

Healthy teeth help you chew your food properly and speak clearly

You have four kinds of teeth: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars

STRUCTURE OF THE TEETH The tooth has three basic structures: root,

neck and crown The tooth is covered with a substance called

enamel Cementum covers the tooth’s root Pulp is in center

Healthy gums should be pink and fit tightly around the neck of each tooth to hold it firmly in place.

By age 3 most children have all their first, or primary teeth.

Around age 5 or 6 the primary teeth begin to fall out

Primary teeth are replaced by 28 permanent teeth

Wisdom teeth usually grow in between the ages of 17-21.

Structural problems

Sometimes during the growth process problems can occur.

When the top and bottom jaw do not meet properly that is called Malocclusion.

People with structural problems may need to see an orthodontist.

Caring for teeth and gums

Failing to properly care for teeth and gums can lead to Halitosis (bad breath).

To prevent tooth decay: Healthy diet reduces acid producing bacteria

(plaque) Wear mouth guard during contact sports Have a dental check up twice a year to identify

any problems

Caring for your teeth

Cavities form if plaque is not removed and the acid eats away at the enamel

If plaque is not removed in 48 hours the film with harden into tartar which can irritate the gums

This can lead to PERIDONTAL DISEASE Gingivitis is the early stage of gum disease.

Section 2

SKIN, HAIR, AND NAILS

YOUR SKIN

FUNCTIONS OF THE SKIN

Skin covers and protects the body from injury, infection, and water loss

It also helps to regulate body temperature and gathers information from the environment.

Consist of two layers: Epidermis (part you can see) Dermis (where oil glands, and hairs are found)

Caring for your skin

Eating a healthy diet, drinking plenty of water and getting enough sleep will help to keep your skin healthy,

The most important thing you can do is to avoid excess exposure to the sun and tanning lamps and to monitor any moles.

Over exposure to the sun can lead to skin cancer called melanoma.

Often the first sign of melanoma is an irregular mole

ACNE- common skin problem caused by an excess production of oil and dead skin cells blocking the hair follicle

For severe acne you should see a DERMATOLOGIST

HAIR

Hair protects the scalp from the sun and insulates from the cold

Hairs in the nose and ears and eyelashes prevent debris from entering the body.

NAILS

Nails cover and protect the tips of the fingers and toes which come into frequent contact with objects In your environment

Keep nails clean and smooth to stop the spread of microorganisms

Clip nails straight across to prevent ingrown toe nails

YOUR EYES AND EARS

SECTION 3

THE EYES

The eyes are complex organs that respond to light by sending impulses. Your brain then interprets the impulses as images

PARTS OF THE EYE: