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Densification as key strategy in urban y gydevelopment
Christof Schremmer, ÖIR Austrian Institute for
1 June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer (ÖIR)
Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning ökosan15, Graz, June 18, 2015
S ti l f tSpatial featuresUrban structure Austria
• Vienna metropolitan region:population over 2.5 mio
• Major urban centers between• Major urban centers between50.000 and 350.000 inh.
• Growth rates btw. 0.8 and 1.9 % p.a. (Vienna)
• large rural areas with low population density andpopulation density and shrinking
• high share of mountain areas
• all major urban centres within 60 km from national borders
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EU tit ti t t d ti liEU: quantitative targets and timeline2030
Source: EU CO2-reduction target: -80% to 2050 (Low Carbon economy roadmap, 2011)
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( y p, )
Vienna and other urban regionsVienna and other urban regionsUrban development scenarios 2050
FP 7 Project SUMESustainable Urban Development ffor EuropeCoordinator: C. Schremmer/ÖIR
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UMZUrban
Morphological Zones
UN Habitat Definition,
imple-mented by EEA:
Corine Landcover,max. 200m
between buildings
= urbanized
zone
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3D 3D representation of the spatial distribution of distribution of population in 7 metropolis represented at represented at the same scale
Source:A. Bertaud
6 June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer (ÖIR)June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer – Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning (ÖIR)
Vienna 1.8 Mio. population
2050: + 35 %
P j b /k 2 i Pop.+jobs/km2 in urban fabric: 7.251
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BASEscenario2050:2050:
urban fabric+ 55%
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SUMEscenario2050:2050:
urban fabric+ 14%
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Key develop-mentstrategies up to2050:
Inner-city, densifyf ifringeareas,focus on mainmaintransportaxes
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Density2001
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DensityBASE 2050
Di ht12 June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer (ÖIR)
Dichte BASE 2050
DensitySUME 2050
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Scenarios BASE and SUME:Growth of “urbanized zones” 2000 2050Growth of urbanized zones 2000 – 2050
Density: Popula- Population Growth of
-
pop.+ jobs./km2
urban fabric2000
tion in UMZ 2050
(Mio.)
change2000-2050
in %BASE SUME
‚urbanized zone‘in % 2000 - 2050
Vienna 7 251 2,4 +35% +54% +14%
Munich 8 759 2,0 +17% +41% +18%Munich 8 759 2,0 +17% +41% +18%
Stockholm 5 278 1,8 +44% +50% +22%
Porto 5 403 1,3 -4% +0% +0%
Athens 18 584 3,7 +9% +24% +0%
Marseille
Newcastle
9 312
6 700
1,1
1,1
+19%
+12%
+35%
+8%
+0%
+0%
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e cas e 6 00 , % 8% 0%
Scenarios BASE and SUME:Growth of “urbanized zones” 2000 2050Growth of urbanized zones 2000 – 2050
55%
-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
ViUMZ
20%
14%
47%Stockholm
Vienna
UMZ
0%
20%
0%Oporto
Population Change in % 2000-2050
UMZ
0%
24%
7%
Athens
Newcastle BASE (Growth of urban fabric in % 2000-2050)
SUME (Growth of urban fabric in % 2000-2050)UMZ
UMZ
0%
0%
30%Marseille
Athens
UMZ
13%
41%Munich
UMZ
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-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Vienna Stockholm
Final energyper capita
Newcastle Oportop pforheating& transport
16 June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer (ÖIR)June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer – Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning (ÖIR)
Sustainable urban development:Policy analysis andPolicy analysis and recommendations
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Sustainable urban form: Densification in the right places
• Fast growing cities will show massive growth of their urban fabric
• But: greatest potential to re-focus their development strategies through densification (e.g. Vienna, Stockholm)
• Focus areas: mixed use fringes with good public transport• Focus areas: mixed use fringes with good public transport
• Potential impact of densification:
- reducing land consumptionreducing land consumption- combine with energy-reduction through building
improvement - reducing new infrastructure investmentg- improving modal split – reducing energy consumption - keep green spaces, protected areas open - improve urban spatial qualities in fringe areas
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Urban policy analysis:Urban policy analysis:Integrative policy packages needed
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Examples and implementationExamples and implementation
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Population development Vienna 2025
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Urban development plan:120 000 new apartments until 2025120.000 new apartments until 2025
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Urban development plan: Modal Split 2025
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Urban development plan: Main areas of development anddensification
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Urban development plan:Protection of green andgopen spaces
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ViennaViennaSmart city/region approach
Diskussiony g pp
aspern Seestadt
FP 7 Project TRANSFORMj
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Smart city & region approach• EU Smart cities&communities initiative to raise R&D efforts• EU Smart cities&communities initiative to raise R&D efforts,
also in FP7 and Horizon, JPI Urban Europe etc.
• Part of the Europe 2020 strategy: 20/20/20% targets:R d ti f CO h f bl i i dReduction of CO2, share of renewable energies, increased efficiency by 2020; but: -80-90% by 2050 !
• Smart City key elements: y y- low to zero energy housing- (decentralized) renewable energy production - smart grids, buffers and energy storage systems - smart, comprehensive energy services, interactive between
system providers and users- integrated development of energy and transport systems e-mobility, public transport, infrastructure and grids
• Urban agglomeration policy perspectives are needed to provide clear framework conditions for investments in
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provide clear framework conditions for investments in individual properties and infrastructures
Vienna: Inner-city re-development dareas and new
smart urban development area Aspern SeestadtAspern Seestadt
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Vienna smart case study area
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Smart urban development area pAspern Seestadt
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Smart urban development area pAspern Seestadt
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aspernMasterplan
20122012
240 ha area24.000 inhabitants20.000 workplaces
U2 2013EIA 2009/2015Ph.1 2015S1 2017
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aspernFirst Phase
ofof Development2015:6.000 inhabitants
500 workplaces19 ha green area
2017:+ 2.500 inhabitants+ 2.500 workplaces
2018-2025:2 d/3 d h
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2nd/3rd phase
ViennaI it d ifi ti DiskussionInner-city densification close to subway lines: close to subway lines: Ex-post analysis
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Inner-city densification/new subway lines
• extension of floor space in cells near the new
‘Old’ urban quarters, densely built up urban stock
station• scattered development
of densificationof densification, structural change and some population losses
• Concentration of structural changestructural change(office – residential)
• Extensive increase of l ti d flPartly new urban quarters, population and floor
space, some structural changes
Partly new urban quarters, space for new developments
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June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer – Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning (ÖIR)
U b d l DiskussionUrban re-development and densificationand densification
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Inner-city densification:Master plan urban development main station
37 June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer (ÖIR)June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer – Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning (ÖIR)
Inner-city densification:Master plan urban development main station
38 June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer (ÖIR)June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer – Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning (ÖIR) © www.tinavienna.at
Inner-city densification:Urban development main station
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© www.wien.gv.at
Urban re-densification inareas of good transport service
40 June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer (ÖIR)June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer – Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning (ÖIR)© Stadt Wien
Inner-city densification:Fringe area
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© metron Raumentwicklung AG
Inner-city densification:Fringe area
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© metron Raumentwicklung AG
Inner-city densification:Fringe area -- too much ?
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© metron Raumentwicklung AG
Downloads FP7 Project SUME:Downloads FP7 Project SUME:www.sume.at
Downloads
DiskussionFP 7 Project TRANSFORM: www.urbantransform.eu
[email protected]@oir.at
44 June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer (ÖIR)June 18, 2015 C. Schremmer – Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning (ÖIR)