delta v alarm management

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DeltaV Whitepaper

March 2012 – Alarm Management

www.DeltaV.com

Alarm Managem ent

This document describes how the DeltaV™ process control system, DeltaV Analyze and services from Emersonand its alliance partners combine to provide a complete and effective foundation for implementing and sustainingan effective alarm management program that conforms to ISA-18.2 – Management of Alarm Systems for theProcess Industries and EEMUA-191 Alarm Systems – A Guide to Design, Management and Procurement.

Build an effective alarm management program that protects your people, assetts and profitiability.



DeltaV Whitepaper


Table of Contents

Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 3 An Overview of the ISA-18.2 Standard ................................................................................... 4 Solutions Overview for DeltaV Customers ............................................................................ 6 Native Simplicity for a Robust Easy Implementation ........................................................... 9 DeltaV Analyze ......................................................................................................................... 9 The DeltaV Operations Experience ...................................................................................... 13

DeltaV Operator Graphics .................................................................................................. 13 DeltaV Alarm Help .............................................................................................................. 14 DeltaV Alarm Flood Suppression Tools .............................................................................. 15 DeltaV Alarm Sounds ......................................................................................................... 18

SILAlarm for DeltaV Alarm Rationalization ......................................................................... 19



DeltaV Whitepaper


Introduction

This document describes how the DeltaV™ process control system, DeltaV Analyze, and services from Emersonand it’s alliance partners combine to provide a complete and effective foundation for implementing and sustainingan effective alarm management program that conforms to ISA-18.2 – Management of Alarm Systems for theProcess Industries and EEMUA-191 Alarm Systems – A Guide to Design, Management and Procurement.

Why implement an alarm management program? All too often process control systems are implemented with littleattention given to the justification of and expected operator response to alarms. The near-zero engineering effortrequired to create alarms combined with many new alarm sources has contributed to their proliferation. The resultis a heightened risk for alarm floods and nuisance alarms, with consequential adverse effect on product quality,process efficiency, equipment protection, environmental incident and personnel safety.

The definition of an ‘alarm’ is of central importance when establishing an alarm management program. Thedistinction between an alarm as defined in ISA-18.2 and other types of Operator notification are illustrated in thefollowing diagram. The DeltaV process control system provides effective native capabilities to differentiate theseOperator notifications.

Operator Notification Types

Note that customers pursuing general improvement in alarm system performance unrelated to ISA-18.2 orEEMUA-191, or taking an incremental approach to compliance, may easily do so with no added burden toconfiguration or operation. Often, for systems already in operation the best place to start when building acomprehensive alarm management program is to first tackle the typical very small number of control modules thatgenerate the majority of fleeting, chattering and stale alarms. DeltaV Analyze lets you easily spot these ‘badactors’ and the DeltaV process control system provides the necessary tools to eliminate them.

Many customers have already implemented alarm management programs using EEMUA-191 as a guide. Theywill be pleased to know that ISA-18.2 is consistent with and builds upon this excellent work. However whereEEMUA-191 was a guide, ISA-18.2 is an international ANSI standard with normative clauses that are expected tobe adopted by the insurance industry and regulatory bodies. An effective alarm management program is morethan good operational practice; it may for some become a business necessity.



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An Overview of the ISA-18.2 Standard

ISA-18.2 – Management of Alarm Systems for the Process Industries (ISA-18.2 for short) provides a lifecycleframework for customers to manage every aspect of the alarm system.

ISA-18.2 Alarm System Management Lifecycle

Philosophy – The usual starting point in the alarm lifecycle is the development of an alarm philosophy. Thephilosophy provides guidance for all of the other lifecycle stages. It includes key definitions like the definitionof an alarm, which by itself is a critical element to alarm management. It takes into account the alarm handlingcapabilities of the control system and other site specific considerations. The philosophy ensures theprocesses for other lifecycle stages are planned and documented.

Identification – The identification stage of the alarm lifecycle includes activities like P&ID reviews, processhazard reviews, layer of protection analysis and environmental permits that identify potential alarms. ISA-18.2does not prescribe requirements for alarm identification methods. These methods are already welldocumented. To ensure that the results are useful as an input to the alarm rationalization stage, it is helpful todocument the cause, potential consequence, and the time to respond for each identified alarm.

Rationalization – In the rationalization stage each potential alarm is tested against the criteria documented inthe alarm philosophy to justify that it meets the requirements of being an alarm. The consequence, response

time, and Operator action are documented. Alarms are analyzed to define their attributes (such as limit,priority, classification, and type). Alarm priority should be set based on the severity of the consequences andthe time to respond. Classification identifies groups of alarms with similar characteristics (e.g. environmentalor safety) and common requirements for training, testing, documentation, or data retention. The results of therationalization are documented in a Master Alarm Database.



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Detailed Design – In the detailed design stage of the alarm lifecycle, an alarm is designed to meet therequirements documented in the alarm philosophy and the rationalization. Poor design and configurationpractices are a leading cause of alarm management issues. Alarm design includes the basic alarm design,setting parameters like the alarm deadband or off-delay time, advanced alarm design, like using process orequipment state to automatically suppress an alarm, and HMI design, displaying the alarm to the Operator sothat they can effectively detect, diagnose, and respond to it. During the detailed design phase, the information

contained in the Master Alarm Database (such as alarm limit and priority) is used to configure the system.

Implementation – The implementation stage of the alarm lifecycle addresses putting the alarms into operation.It includes the activities of training, testing, and commissioning. Testing and training are ongoing activities,particularly as new instrumentation and alarms are added to the system over time or process designschanges are made.

Operation – During the operation stage of the alarm lifecycle, an alarm performs its function of notifying theOperator of the presence of an abnormal situation. Key activities in this stage include exercising the tools theOperator may use to deal with alarms, including shelving (suppression in DeltaV terminology) andmechanisms for Operator access to information fleshed out during rationalization such as an alarm’s cause,potential consequence, corrective action, and the time to respond.

Maintenance – The process of placing an alarm out-of-service transitions the alarm from the operation stageto the maintenance stage. In the maintenance stage the alarm does not perform its function of indicating theneed for the Operator to take action. The standard describes the recommended elements of the procedure toremove an alarm from service and return an alarm to service. The state of out-of-service is not a function ofthe process equipment, but describes an administrative process of suppressing (bypassing) an alarm using apermit system.

Monitoring and Assessment – Monitoring and assessment of the alarm system is a separate stage of thealarm lifecycle because it encompasses data gathered from the operation and maintenance stages.Assessment is the comparison of the alarm system performance against the stated performance goals in thephilosophy. One of the key metrics is the rate alarms are presented to the Operator. In order to provideadequate time to respond effectively, an Operator should be presented with no more than one to two alarmsevery ten minutes. A key activity during this stage is identifying “nuisance” alarms - which are alarms that

annunciate excessively, unnecessarily, or do not return to normal after the correct response is taken (e.g.,chattering, fleeting, or stale alarms).

Management of Change – The management of change stage of the alarm lifecycle includes the activity ofauthorization for all changes to the alarm system, including the addition of alarms, changes to alarms, and thedeletion of alarms. Once the change is approved, the modified alarm is treated as identified and processedthrough the stages of rationalization, detailed design and implementation again. Documentation like theMaster Alarm Database is updated and the operators are trained on all changes since they must take theactions.

Audit – The audit stage of the alarm lifecycle is primarily focused on the periodic review of the work processesand performance of the alarm system. The goal is to maintain the integrity of the alarm system throughout itslifecycle and to identify areas of improvement. The alarm philosophy document may need to be modified to

reflect any changes resulting from the audit process.



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Solutions Overview for DeltaV Customers

In this section specific challenges and solutions are summarized for each stage of the ISA-18.2 lifecycle. Moredetails and examples are provided in later sections.

LifecycleStage Lifecycle StageDeliverables Challenges Available Emerson Solutions

Philosophy • A site-specificdocument definingalarm managementpractices andprincipals

• Education on theISA-18.2 standard

• Development of asite documentcompliant with ISA-18.2 normativerequirements

• 2 day on-site course on AlarmManagement Practices and principals

• 3 day on-site workshop to formulatethe philosophy with site stakeholdersand subsequent preparation of anISA-18.2 compliant document by aqualified alarm management expert

Identification • A master alarmdatabase withcandidate alarms, orcurrent alarms in thecase of an existingsystem

• Selection of a masteralarm databaseapplication thatprovides goodproductivity forrationalization ofpotential thousands oreven tens ofthousands of alarms

• Population of thedatabase with existingsystem alarms

• A simple master alarm databaseintegrated into the DeltaV system’snative configuration system

• An off-line built-for-purpose masteralarm database application, SILAlarmavailable from Emerson’s alliancepartner exida; ideal for multi-systemsites (including non-DeltaV systems)or sites where the quantity of alarmsrequires extensive rationalizationproductivity aids

• RationalizationReady service, whereexisting system alarms are pre-populated into the SILAlarm master

alarm database

Rationalization • Documented alarmdesign requirementsincluding alarm

justification, priority,alarm thresholdsconsistent with thetime allotted foroperator action, andthe expected operatoraction

• Auditabledemonstration of goodengineering practiceand management ofchange

• Consistency of alarmrequirements

• Productivity of thecustomer staff taskedto perform

rationalization

• The above solutions for identification

• On-site rationalization quick startassistance, typically 2 weeks induration, where a qualified alarmmanagement specialist leads thecustomer rationalization team, to buildteam skills, establish methodologyand ensure the master alarmdatabase application is being used inthe most efficient manner

• Ongoing rationalization facilitationassistance services.

Detailed Design • Operator graphicsconducive to goodOperator situationalawareness

• Basic alarm design,optimized to eliminate

• Extracting maximumbenefit from availableDeltaV system

• Device alerts and process trendintegration into system displays torecognize and avoid abnormalconditions before they producealarms

• DeltaV system display dynamos and



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LifecycleStage

Lifecycle StageDeliverables

Challenges Available Emerson Solutions

bad actors

• Selective use of

advanced alarmdesign, where neededto avoid or mitigatealarm floods

color pallets optimized according toHuman Centered Design (HCD)principles

• DeltaV system alarm soundsdesigned using HCD principals withrespect to human audition andhearing

• DeltaV system conditional alarmingtools including advanced functions fordynamic alarm implementation

• Expert engineering services to applybest engineering practices formaximum application of native DeltaValarm management features

Implementation • Activation of alarmdesigns in the runningsystem

• Execution of Operatortraining and testingrequired

• Transferring alarmknowledge gained inrationalization to theoperator

• Capturing alarmknowledge possessedby expert senioroperators

• DeltaV Operator Training Solutions(OTS) and OTS Express

• Emerson classroom, on-site andeLearning operator training

• MiMiC, providing process simulationintegrated with DeltaV, for softwareacceptance testing and operatortraining.

• DeltaV Alarm Help, providing in-context and pre-alarm state Operatoraccess to alarm guidance, probablecause and other alarm informationcaptured during rationalization

• DeltaV Alarm Help, enablingcontrolled expert operator authorshipof alarm guidance

Operations andMaintenance

• System tools andmethods enablingOperators to managealarms and removethem from service aspermitted by the site’s

alarm philosophy

• Ensuring expectedoperator actions

• Providing operatorsthe tools needed tomanage alarm floods

• DeltaV Alarm Help

• DeltaV alarm banner, with nativealarm prioritization and area eclipsing

• DeltaV alarm shelving, allowingsuppression of alarms with

individually specified time toautomatic return or denial ofsuppression for critical alarms

• DeltaV alarm filtering by process area

• DeltaV horn suppression

• DeltaV mass alarm acknowledgement

• DeltaV auto alarm acknowledgement



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LifecycleStage

Lifecycle StageDeliverables

Challenges Available Emerson Solutions

Monitoring andAssessment

• Periodic keyperformance

measurementsagainst targets in thesite alarm philosophy

• Collecting andmanaging raw alarm

events and derivingmeaningful actionableanalytics

• Generating metricstailored to the sitealarm philosophy

• DeltaV Event Chronicle, to captureeach systems alarms and other

events

• DeltaV Plantwide Event Historian, toaggregate alarms and events frommultiple sources

• DeltaV Analyze, to reduce raw alarmand event data to usable information

• DeltaV Analyze, to identify bad actoralarms (fleeting, chattering, stale,most often suppressed, etc.)

• DeltaV Analyze, to schedule out-of-box ISA-18.2 based Alarm System

Performance KPI reports, specific tooperator stations and the alarm ratesdefined in the site alarm philosophy.

Management ofChange

• Auditabledocumentationshowing alarm systemchanges are done inaccordance with thesite alarm philosophy

• Selecting a systemthat enforcesauthorized changesand documents them

• DeltaV system security and userrights management, providing accesscontrol all the way down to individualparameters if needed.

• DeltaV Event Chronicle, capturingevery user transaction in theoperating environment

• DeltaV Configuration Audit Trail,

capturing changes in the engineeringenvironment including alarm help

• SILAlarm, capturing rationalizationdecisions and changes in the masteralarm database

Audit • A report or otherauthoritivedetermination that thealarm managementsystem is performingas documented in thesite alarm philosophy

• Gaining easy accessto the information

• Obtaining an expertindependent view

• DeltaV System Alarm Management(SAM) application, providing easyreview of alarm parameters and anxml output for automation of audits

• DeltaV Analyze for runtime KPIs

• SILAlarm for as-configured KPIs

• A processes and practicesassessment against both ISA-18.2principals and site alarm philosophy ifone exists, performed by a qualifiedalarm expert

• An operator Interview program,conducted by a qualified alarm expert



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Native Simplicity for a Robust Easy Implementation

Non-native alarm management applications typically rely upon an OPC interface to either impose master alarmdatabase settings on the running system or identify differences in an audit report. This can create substantialadditional effort for the process engineer, to make parallel changes to the system configuration database and toinvestigate audit differences that may result from intended (configured) dynamic system alarm conditioning.

Operator alarm help is persisted to all operator workstations and presented in context. When an alarm is raisedthe Operator is just one mouse click away from the prescribed guidance , probable cause and other informationestablished in the alarm rationalization process.

Alerts from field devices and system hardware are integrated into the system for high availability and optimumpresentation. Native mechanisms and out-of-box default settings ensure the appropriate information is presentedto the operator, maintenance technician and other individuals in other roles.

DeltaV Analyze has local access to the Event Chronicle or Plantwide Event Historian, for immediate visibility andreporting of alarm information with no dependence on OPC or other remote data transfer methods . DeltaVAnalyze requires no special configuration or report design. Simply install it and start using its native point-and-click analytics and fully defined alarm system performance reports.

DeltaV Analyze

Built-for-purpose, DeltaV Analyze provides immediate availability to useful ease-to-use alarm system performanceinformation and an out-of-box report to measure ISA19-2 Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).

DeltaV Analyze Read-to-Use Alarm Statistics Page

When problem areas are identified, DeltaV Analyze makes it easy to drill into the data to quickly isolate frequently suppressed alarms, chattering alarms and stale alarms .

Dynamic graphs and charts in DeltaV Analyze make it easy to find nuisance alarms using an intuitive point andclick method.



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By default the KPIs are set to the ISA-18.2 and EEMUA-191 suggested alarm rate thresholds but can be easilytailored to fit your site alarm philosophy.

DeltaV Analyze lets the customer define alarm rate thresholds.

DeltaV Analyze lets the customer evaluate alarms on a per workstation basis.



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DeltaV Analyze ready-to-use Alarm Summary report in Excel format.



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Because the report is created in Microsoft Excel file format, it is easy to use the other tables of information in thereport. Here are some partial excerpts from the report.



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DeltaV Analyze Partial Page Illustrations

The DeltaV Operations Experience

This section highlights various aspects of the DeltaV system related to alarm management

DeltaV Operator Graphics

Dynamos that favor Operator quick visual scanning vs. reading, integration of abnormal situation alerts andembedded trends come together in the DeltaV runtime operator environment to maximize operator situationalawareness. Based on Human Centered Design principals, every aspect of the operator experience from theselection of alarm sounds to optimized color pallets is tuned to make the system easy to use and easy toconfigure.



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DeltaV Operate features smart color use, easy to see alarms and rapid access to alarm information.

Integrated abnormal event icons allow Operators to spot device alerts and other atypical conditions to anticipateand resolve situations before reaching an alarm condition.

DeltaV Alarm Help

Alarm help is always available because it is an integral aspect of the alarm, not some externally referenced objectsubject to connectivity issues. If no help is available, the help icon is masked to avoid frustration and eventualdiscontinued Operator usage. Wasted seconds spent in an upset condition accessing and searching external non-integrated alarm information sources are avoided.



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Alarm Help is flexible allowing you to apply it as:

An Operator response tool, as shown above.

As a basic stand-alone ISA-18.2 compliant Master Alarm Database. By default the six configurable AlarmHelp properties in the DeltaV system are preconfigured for this purpose, corresponding to the minimumrequired attributes.

To compliment an external Master Alarm Database or other local alarm response manual. Bulk import/exportfeatures facilitate easy transfer of information between an external database and DeltaV Alarm Help. Theexida SILAlarm master alarm database has been optimized to work in this manner.

For use as an Operator-knowledge capture system. Some sites may allow knowledgeable operators toadd/edit Alarm Help properties directly from the operating environment, and enable them (or not) to distributethese changes throughout the system. Parameter level granularity allows some fields to be used for Operator-knowledge capture, reserving others for ‘authorized’ read-only use.

DeltaV Alarm Flood Suppression Tools

There are many features in the DeltaV system available to mitigate and eliminate alarm floods.

The DeltaV Alarm Banner and its associated horn behavior maintain constant focus on the most important alarms ,even at times when the Operator may be occupied filtering or sorting the alarm list.



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The Alarm Banner keeps constant focus on the most important alarms.

Default system settings ensure the alarm banner in Operator workstations are focused on process alarms whilethe alarm banner at Maintenance workstations are focused on device and system alerts which do not requireimmediate Operator action. The banner can be easily configured by priority and source (process, SIS, device,system) based on the designated purpose of each workstation.

The alarm banner’s auto eclipsing can reduce multiple alarms from a control module or even from an entire process area down to the one most important alarm, based on alarm priority. Thus all critical priority alarms are

individually expressed while low priority alarms are consolidated. Low priority alarms can be auto-acknowledged when coming into or going out of the active alarm condition. This is illustrated below where all non critical alarmsfor the BOILER_1 area are represented in a single alarm banner slot. To see more the operator can click to open

the area faceplate to see all the alarms or go to the system alarm list.

The Alarm banner has reduced all the low priority alarms for an area to a single slot.

Other alarm flood mitigation tools are depicted in this illustration. These include a mini alarm list dedicated to justcritical alarms and buttons in the lower right to turn off the horn and to mass acknowledge all displayed alarms.

Operator span of alarm responsibility is maintained using control module process area assignments, which can betargeted to both workstations and individual operators, to eliminate Operator confusion resulting from out-of-area process upsets . The system is aware of field device assignments to control modules and automaticallyassociates their alerts to the correct process area. Where secondary areas are assigned to a workstation forbackup purposes, they can be easily disabled or enabled by the Operator as required.



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The alarms from entire areas can be quickly removed from view as needed in an alarm flood, or conversly a second Operator can just as easily add an area not normally in their scope to help out another Operator during a flood.

Many of these alarm flood management features are easily applied with some simple selections in the DeltaV system alarm configuration . Implementation of conditional alarming and advanced dynamic alarm suppressionmethods such as first-out groups and state based suppression can be readily accomplished via configuration tofurther reduce the frequency and severity of alarm floods. Tools to efficiently accomplish alarm conditioning areprovided in the DeltaV system.

Advanced alarming is easier to impliment with the advanced functions provided in the configuration environment.



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The basic conditional properties to eliminate fleeting and chattering alarms are available with a single mouse click.

Checking conditional alarming to add on, off and enable delays and hysteresis to a noisy signal source

DeltaV Alarm Sounds

Experts agree that human centered design of the process control room substantially contributes to greaterOperator situational awareness, efficiency and effectiveness. This whitepaper addresses one aspect of the control

room environment, alarm sounds. Selection of alarm sounds should not be a casual matter. Poorly conceivedalarm sounds can contribute to Operator stress and confusion. Smart sound selection is especially important inmulti-console control room environments.

By special licensing arrangement with Human Centered Solutions, LLP (HCS – at www.applyHCS.com), theDeltaV Process Control System features HCS Alarm Sounds for Multi-Console Control Rooms™, which have thepower to communicate more information, take advantage of human strengths, and have a proven record forOperator acceptance.

http://www.applyhcs.com/

http://www.applyhcs.com/



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The DeltaV system comes supplied with six copyrighted WAV files (©2009HCS in the file name), licensed for useby the system owner subject to the end-user System Software License Agreement. These six WAV files comprisetwo sets of alarm sounds, one each for two distinct operator console positions, where each set has three files thatcorrespond to three levels of alarm priority.

Sound envelop of the HCS Alarm Sounds for Multi-Console Control Rooms™

High, medium and low priority alarm sounds are provided with the system for two console operator positions.Console1 high, medium and low HCS WAV files are the default selections for critical, warning and advisorypriority alarm sounds on a first console. All workstations within this first console would use this same set (e.g.,Console1 high, medium, and low HCS WAV files).

For a second console in the same control room, selecting Console 2 high, medium and low HCS WAV files resultsin easily distinguishable alarm sounds between the two consoles. Operators for either console will easilyrecognize which console and alarm priority is indicated.

SILAlarm for DeltaV Alarm Rationalization

When it comes to alarms, more is not better. The idea is to create a system containing theminimum set of alarms needed to keep the process safe and within normal operating limits.Alarm rationalization is a process where a cross-functional team of plant stakeholdersreviews, justifies, and documents that each alarm meets the criteria for being an alarm asset forth in a company’s alarm philosophy document. Rationalization also involves definingthe attributes of each alarm (such as limit, priority, classification, and type) as well asdocumenting the consequence, response time, and operator action. For maximumefficiency when performing alarm rationalization on a large number of alarms or alarms frommultiple systems the SILAlarm application from Emerson’s alliance partner exida can be agood choice.

Emergency Priority

High Priority

Low Priority

Time

Time

Time

L o u d n e s s

L o u d n e s s

L o u d n e s s



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Emerson and exida have formed an alliance to ensure that a completeAlarm Management Lifecycle solution is available to aid clients withimplementing a sustainable lifecycle approach that complies with theISA-18.2 standard. The solution incorporates tools and capabilities foralarm rationalization (SILAlarm

TMby exida), operator alarm response

procedures (DeltaV Alarm Help), analysis and benchmarking of alarm

system performance (DeltaV Analyze / Plantwide Event Historian), andthe expertise of both companies.

SILAalarm features a bi-directional bulk edit transfer capability with the DeltaV process automation systemconfiguration database, providing an accurate and convienent method for populating DeltaV Alarm Help andmany of the DeltaV alarm properties such as limit, priority, shelving time, on/off delay and hysteresis.

After completing a thorough rationalization:

The alarm system can be expected to provide significantly fewer alarm activations and less nuisance alarms(chattering, fleeting or stale alarms).

Operator response to alarms will be more swift and effective because alarms are more trusted, accompaniedby good guidance, prioritized for correct action sequence, and free from clutter of secondary and oftenredundant alarms.

The basic methodology used by the rationalization committee is relatively simple.

Pick a piece of equipment, unit or control module then discuss its configured and possible alarms.

Decide if the alarm is similar / identical to other alarms that have already been rationalized. For example if allcompressors are to be treated the same, then information can be copied from the first set of compressoralarms in order to minimize level of discussion needed.

Determine if the alarms are justified. What is the consequence(s) if the alarm was not addressed? Is there

an available operator action to mitigate the event and sufficient time to do so? Note that acknowledging analarm or writing an entry in a logbook is not considered a valid operator action as these responses do notimpact the event.

Check to see if this alarm is duplicated by another alarm. If so, pick only one to keep that is the best indicatorof the anomaly.

Determine the correct priority based on the alarm philosophy rules. Typically it is a function of time torespond and consequence of inaction.

Document all that is known and may be of use to the operator, such as possible cause, method toconfirm/validate the alarmed condition, and recommended corrective action(s).

Document agreed-upon modifications to alarm attributes or specifications if the alarm is new. These wouldinclude the limit, hysteresis, off/on delays, conditional alarming, etc.

For processes with differing operating states, specify alarm settings that track the operational state of theplant.



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,

With Rationalization Ready service your existing DeltaV system alarms and the alarm philosophy requirement taken from you philosophy document are preloaded for you.

SIlAlarm is setup for import and export of information to the DeltaV system and for quick identification of differences bewtween current system alarm settings and the SILAlarm databse alarm settings.



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To locate a sales office near you, visit our website at:www.EmersonProcess.com/DeltaVOr call us at:Asia Pacific: 65.777.8211Europe, Middle East: 41.41.768.6111North America, Latin America: +1 800.833.8314 or

+1 512.832.3774

For large power, water, and wastewater applicationscontact Power and Water Solutions at:www.EmersonProcess-powerwater.comOr call us at:Asia Pacific: 65.777.8211Europe, Middle East, Africa: 48.22.630.2443North America, Latin America: +1 412.963.4000

© Emerson Process Management 2012. All rights reserved. For Emerson Process Management trademarks and service marks, go to:http://www.emersonprocess.com/home/news/resources/marks.pdf.

The contents of this publication are presented for informational purposes only, and while every effort has been made to ensure their accuracy, they are not to beconstrued as warrantees or guarantees, express or implied, regarding the products or services described herein or their use or applicability. All sales are governedby our terms and conditions, which are available on request. We reserve the right to modify or improve the design or specification of such products at any timewithout notice.

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