deism reason and science are the primary guides to life carmen montoya annette provencio edu 501...
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DeismReason and Science are the
Primary Guides to Life
Carmen MontoyaAnnette ProvencioEDU 501July 28, 2015
What is Deism?Deism is the belief that God created the world, but never
interrupts it with supernatural events. God does not interfere
with his creations.
Basic beliefs
Belief in a single creator based on reason.
God is an absolute unity not a trinity.The world is finite and operates by
natural laws.God does not intervene.
The Four Typologies of
Deism
Type 1
French originGod is not concerned with the
ongoing operations or the world.God has no regard for what has
happened or will happen to it since the creation.
Type 2
God is concerned with the natural happenings of the world but not with the moral actions of human beings.
Man can act rightly or wrongly, righteously or wickedly, morally or immorally. It is no concern to god.
Type 3
God governs the world and does not care about the moral activities of man.
God insist that man be obedient to the moral law grounded in nature.
Man has no future after death.
Type 4Common view of English and
American Deist of Earlier CenturiesGod regulates the world and expects
man to obey the moral law grounded in nature.
Life after death for man exist. Rewards for the good and punishments for the wicked.
Thomas Jefferson
Author of the Declaration of Independence and the 3rd
President
Jefferson believed that there is one god and that he is the sustainer and manager of the universe.
God is infinitely wise, good, righteous, and powerful.
The world is under the rule of natural law.
Thomas Painepolitical writer
• God is all powerful, all-knowing, all-good, infinite, merciful, and incomprehensible.
• God exists by the exercise of reason.
• No supernatural revelation because believing them is unknowable.
Criticisms
• It seems self-defeating to admit a miracle like creation and then ding the possibility of other miracles.
• If god created the universe for the good of his creatures, then it seems reasonable to assume that he would miraculously intervene. An all good creator would not abandon his creations if he could help them.
Team Leadership
Team Leadership:
A group composed of members who are interdependent, who share common goals, and who must coordinate their activities to accomplish their goals.
A Leader… Determine where there is team problems and the need for intervention. Make decisions that they think are best for the group.
An effective team leader… determine what type of intervention will be effective if it is needed. will make better decisions for the group. Will use innovative ideas
TEAM LEADERSHIP MODEL
Hill’s Leadership Model:
Decision #1 When Should I intervene?
Predictors of Team Effectiveness
Decision #2Should I intervene in task or relational needs?
Task
Getting job done Making decisions Solving problems Adapting to change
Making plans
Achieving goals
Relational
Developing a positive climate
solving interpersonal problems
Satisfying members’ needs
Developing cohesion
Decision #3Should I intervene internally or externally?
Internal Conflict between group
members Goals are unclear,
group leader roles.
External Organization isn’t
supporting needs of team members
Goals keep changing People feel unvalued
Internal Task Leadership Action
Set of skills or actions leader might perform to improve task performance: Goal focusing (clarifying, gaining agreement)
Structuring for results (planning, visioning, organizing, clarifying roles, delegating)
Facilitating decision making (informing, controlling, coordinating, mediating, synthesizing, issue focusing)
Training team members in task skills (educating, developing)
Maintaining standards of excellence (assessing team and individual performance, confronting inadequate performance)
Internal Relational Leadership Action
Set of leadership actions leader needs to implement to improve team relationships:
Coaching team members in interpersonal skills
Collaborating (including, involving)
Managing conflict and power issues (avoiding confrontation, questioning ideas)
Building commitment and esprit de corps (being optimistic, innovating, envisioning, socializing, rewarding, recognizing)
Satisfying individual member needs (trusting, supporting, advocating)
Modeling ethical and principled practices (fair, consistent, normative)
External Leadership Action
Set of skills or behaviors leader needs to implement to improve environmental interface with team:
Networking and forming alliances in environment (gather information, increase influence)
Advocating and representing team to environment
Negotiating upward to secure necessary resources, support, and recognition
Buffering team members from environmental distractions
Assessing environmental indicators of team’s effectiveness (surveys, evaluations, performance indicators)
Sharing relevant environmental information with team
How does this model work?
1st-Leader engages leader mediation process
2nd – Determining exact intervention needed
3rd-Determine action needed or which level to intervene
4th- Decide to intervene at any or all 3 levels
Strengths!
Provides answers to what constitutes excellent teams
Provides a cognitive guide that assists leaders in designing and maintaining effective teams
Recognizes the changing role of leaders and followers in organizations
Can be used as a tool in group leader selection
Criticism
Has not been supported or tested
Does not provide easy answers for decisions leaders have to make
Fails to provide much guidance
More focus required on how to teach and provide skill development
Application
Useful in leader decision making
Can be used as a team diagnostic tool
References
Geisler, N., & Watkins, W. (1989). Worlds apart: A handbook on world views (2nd ed.). Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House.
Northouse, P. (2004). Leadership: Theory and practice (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage.