decesion support systems john o’gorman dept mis. structured and unstructured problems zstructured...
Post on 19-Dec-2015
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Structured andUnstructured Problems
Structured Problems Proven set of steps for solution
Algorithm
Unstructured Problems Multiple potential solution
Semistructured Problems Neither fully structured nor totally
unstructured
Structured andUnstructured Problems
Programmable Problems Specific programs can be written to solve
Structured problems are programmableUnstructured problems are unprogrammable
Managers and Semistructured Problems Most common type of problem for
managers
DSS Components
Decision Support Systems (DSS) Computer-based information
systems that help managers select one of many solutions Automates some of decision-making
processSophisticated and fast analysisUsed at all management levels
DSS Components
Three Major ComponentsData management module
• Database• External Structured Data
Model management module• Model for Analysis e.g. Regression
Dialog management module• Parameter Modification• Display of Results• Connection to other Modules
Types of DecisionSupport Systems
Personal Decision Support Systems Serve individual users in daily
decision making
Run on personal computers
Single model for data processing
Types of DecisionSupport Systems
Group Decision Support Systems Promote brainstorming and group
decision making
Located in conference room or on networked computers
Weigh votes to overcome impasses
Sensitivity Analysis
Sensitivity analysis
Tests degree to which result is
affected by change in parameters
What-if analysis
Can change multiple parameters at
once
Future/Current Development
Natural Language Query/Visual Display
Support for Acessing External Data Sources (XML/ADO)
Zero AdministrationConcurrencyDocument Repositories
Expert System
Embody Human understanding
Target not explicit model
Target is tacit understanding
Implications from Ba
Expert Systems
Limited to Specific DomainLimited to Specific Problem ina
Specific DomainOrganisation Context
Comprehensive / Muiltiple tasks / Useful Life
Who makes the decesionsType of Solution (Time, Number)
EIS - What is it?
Strutured Data System
Superior User Interface
Drill Down Features
Trend Analysis
Visual Query Features
Communicate with other data sources
EIS - The Aim
Aeroplane Metaphor
Cockpit equiped with early warning
instrumentation
By Mid-90’s had not worked out
EIS - The Problem
Lack of Data Integration Dependability/Consistency Issues
EIS developed as complete new systemPredefined query pathSlow Database SoftwareEIS stopped been EIS
Business Intelligent System Decesion Support System
EIS - Implementation
High Costs
Unknown Benefits
Threat to existing functional areas
Executive training
Incompatibility with Corporate
procedures
EIS - What Changed?
1. Data Integration
2. New Development
3. Set queries
4. Slow DB
5. Exec Training
ERP
Emergent System
Visual Query Tools
Better Technology
New Breed
EIS - Uses (Scottish Power)
Standarize InformationScottish Power
Visible Performance Levels Model Organisations CSF Phased approach
Only Financial System in DB
Long Term Forecast Fuelled Decentalisation
EIS - Uses (Nike)
Profitability System (1980’s)One question leads to anotherDaily Flash - Transaction warningQuery EngineTrend AnalysisReal Time reporting