DateDate: May 2, 2011: May 2, 2011

TopicTopic: Review Day 2: Review Day 2

AimAim: How can we diagnose our : How can we diagnose our weaknesses and remedy them weaknesses and remedy them

through review?through review?

Do NowDo Now: Multiple Choice : Multiple Choice Questions.Questions.

ANSWERS WITH PERCENTAGESANSWERS WITH PERCENTAGES 32.) D – 32.) D – 52%52% 33.) A – 33.) A – 63%63% 34.) A – 34.) A – 52%52% 35.) E – 35.) E – 55%55% 36.) B – 36.) B – 84%84% 37.) C – 37.) C – 69%69% 38.) D – 38.) D – 64%64% 39.) B – 39.) B – 52%52% 40.) A – 40.) A – 19%19% 41.) A – 41.) A – 58%58% 42.) E – 42.) E – 48%48% 43.) B – 43.) B – 64%64%

EVERYTHING FLOWS FROM THE

CONSTITUTION

ConstitutionConstitution Why was the Constitution writtenWhy was the Constitution written? Virginia/NJ/Connecticut-? Virginia/NJ/Connecticut-

Great Compromise.Great Compromise. Three/Fifths Compromise.Three/Fifths Compromise. Who was it written by? Who was it written for? Ex: Who was it written by? Who was it written for? Ex: Economic Economic

Interpretation of the Constitution by Charles Beard.Interpretation of the Constitution by Charles Beard. Federal System of government.Federal System of government. Three Branches/Checks and Balances.Three Branches/Checks and Balances. Amendments – Why? How can they be?Amendments – Why? How can they be? Federalist Papers – Ex: #10 – threat of factions/#50 – Federalist Papers – Ex: #10 – threat of factions/#50 –

importance of checks and balances.importance of checks and balances. Federalist#10 – interest groups – Federalist#10 – interest groups –

Pluralism/Hyperpluralism/ElitistPluralism/Hyperpluralism/Elitist Federalists and Anti-Federalists. Federalists and Anti-Federalists. Bill of Rights. Bill of Rights. Elastic Clause/Necessary and Proper ClauseElastic Clause/Necessary and Proper Clause allows for allows for

the government of the United States to make all laws necessary the government of the United States to make all laws necessary and proper to govern the United States. and proper to govern the United States.

Commerce ClauseCommerce Clause Congress the power to regulate Congress the power to regulate commerce with other nations and with the states. commerce with other nations and with the states.

ConstitutionConstitution Civil War AmendmentsCivil War Amendments – 13 – 13thth, 14, 14thth, and 15, and 15thth – Free, Citizens, – Free, Citizens,

Vote. Vote. Due Process Clause/Equal ProtectionDue Process Clause/Equal Protection No State shall No State shall

make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due due processprocess of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the the equal protectionequal protection of the laws. of the laws.

Full Faith and Credit ClauseFull Faith and Credit Clause ensures that judicial decisions ensures that judicial decisions rendered by the courts in one state are recognized and honored rendered by the courts in one state are recognized and honored in every other state. in every other state.

Supremacy ClauseSupremacy Clause the Constitution as the Supreme law of the Constitution as the Supreme law of the land. the land.

Checks and Balances Requires each of the three branches of government to be relatively independent of the others so that one cannot control the others. Power is shared among these three institutions.

May 3, 2011May 3, 2011 Do NowDo Now: : Multiple Choice QuestionsMultiple Choice Questions.. 44.) C – 44.) C – 41% 41% NEXT SLIDE DON’T YOU WORRY! NEXT SLIDE DON’T YOU WORRY! 45.) A – 45.) A – 89%89% 46.) A – 46.) A – 60%60% 47.) E – 47.) E – 47%47% 48.) D – 48.) D – 66%66% 49.) A – 49.) A – 37%37% 50.) C – 50.) C – 71%71% 51.) B – 51.) B – 49%49% 52.) E – 52.) E – 58%58% 53.) D – 53.) D – 29%29% 54.) A – 54.) A – 49%49% 55.) E – 55.) E – 57%57% 56.) C – 56.) C – 40%40%

The Warren CourtThe Warren Court 1953-19691953-1969 – – Chief Justice Earl WarrenChief Justice Earl Warren 1954 1954 laws requiring segregation of schools laws requiring segregation of schools

unconstitutionalunconstitutional – – Brown v. Board of EducationBrown v. Board of Education. . Expanded the right to counsel and criminal defendantsExpanded the right to counsel and criminal defendants

Gideon v WainwrightGideon v Wainwright Protections against searches and seizuresProtections against searches and seizures

evidence used in violation of the 4evidence used in violation of the 4 thth amendment could amendment could not be used in a criminal case not be used in a criminal case Mapp v. OhioMapp v. Ohio. .

Voting and reapportionmentVoting and reapportionment legislative lines drawn legislative lines drawn to consider population not geographic areas to consider population not geographic areas Baker Baker v. Carr.v. Carr.

Prohibited organized prayer in public schoolsProhibited organized prayer in public schools Engel Engel v. Vitalev. Vitale

CHANGE FOR MAY 2011CHANGE FOR MAY 2011

Beginning with the May 2011 AP Exam Beginning with the May 2011 AP Exam administration, there will be a change to administration, there will be a change to the way AP Exams are scored. Total the way AP Exams are scored. Total scores on the multiple-choice section will scores on the multiple-choice section will be based on the number of questions be based on the number of questions answered correctly. Points will no longer answered correctly. Points will no longer be deducted for incorrect answers and, as be deducted for incorrect answers and, as always, no points will be awarded for always, no points will be awarded for unanswered questions.unanswered questions.

FederalismFederalism FederalismFederalism Two or more governments exercise power and authority Two or more governments exercise power and authority

over the same people in the same territory.over the same people in the same territory. Delegated Powers/Enumerated PowersDelegated Powers/Enumerated Powers (Article 1 Section 8)– powers (Article 1 Section 8)– powers

given to Federal government by Constitution.given to Federal government by Constitution. Reserved PowersReserved Powers – state power alone. – state power alone. Concurrent PowersConcurrent Powers – shared. – shared. Prohibited PowersProhibited Powers – denied from both. – denied from both. Ex. Neither government can tax exports.Ex. Neither government can tax exports. McCulloch v. MarylandMcCulloch v. Maryland Is the Bank of the United States Is the Bank of the United States

constitutional? YES! Can a state tax the federal government? NO!constitutional? YES! Can a state tax the federal government? NO! Gibbons v OgdenGibbons v Ogden further strengthened the Federal government. The further strengthened the Federal government. The

federal government license is superior to the state license. federal government license is superior to the state license. US V. LopezUS V. Lopez commerce clause could not be used as the foundation commerce clause could not be used as the foundation

of the Gun Free School Zone law. of the Gun Free School Zone law. • Gonzalez v. RaichGonzalez v. Raich the US government can criminalize the the US government can criminalize the

production of medical marijuana. production of medical marijuana. • Dual FederalismDual Federalism federal and state governments are co-equals. federal and state governments are co-equals.• Cooperative FederalismCooperative Federalism work together in government proceedings. work together in government proceedings. Incorporation (of the Bill of Rights)Incorporation (of the Bill of Rights) most portions of the Bill of most portions of the Bill of

Rights now apply to the states through the due process clause. Rights now apply to the states through the due process clause.

May 4, 2011May 4, 2011Do Now: Multiple Choice Questions.Do Now: Multiple Choice Questions.57.) D – 57.) D – 54%54%58.) E – 58.) E – 33%33%59.) C – 59.) C – 54%54%60.) B – 60.) B – 51%51%

Now Look!Now Look!CSPAN – AP Government and Politics Cram ViCSPAN – AP Government and Politics Cram Vi

deo.deo.You should have your binder out! – this is good!You should have your binder out! – this is good!

May 6, 2011May 6, 2011

Do NowDo Now: Handout.: Handout.Go over some key Federalism points.Go over some key Federalism points.Campaign Finance Reform.Campaign Finance Reform.2004 Multiple Choice with Answer Key. 2004 Multiple Choice with Answer Key.

FederalismFederalism MandatesMandates A requirement that a state undertake an activity A requirement that a state undertake an activity

or provide a service.or provide a service. Ex: .08 BAC – in turn states receive federal funding for Ex: .08 BAC – in turn states receive federal funding for

highways. highways. Categorical GrantsCategorical Grants target specific purposes and “strings target specific purposes and “strings

attached.” attached.” DevolutionDevolution granting of powers from the federal government granting of powers from the federal government

to the states. Ex1: block grant – states given freedom on how to to the states. Ex1: block grant – states given freedom on how to spend the money. Ex2: 1996 Welfare Reform spend the money. Ex2: 1996 Welfare Reform money given money given to the states to run their own welfare systems. to the states to run their own welfare systems.

Federalist #51Federalist #51 defends a separation of powers between the defends a separation of powers between the national and state government. national and state government. If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels

were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessarygovernment would be necessary

Campaign FinancingCampaign Financing Soft MoneySoft Money money that goes to the party not directly to a money that goes to the party not directly to a

candidate. candidate. Federal Election Campaign Act (1974)Federal Election Campaign Act (1974) tightening reporting tightening reporting

requirements for contributions and limiting expenditures. requirements for contributions and limiting expenditures. a.) created the a.) created the Federal Election CommissionFederal Election Commission administers administers campaign finance laws and enforce compliance. campaign finance laws and enforce compliance. b.) b.) Public financing for presidential primaries and general Public financing for presidential primaries and general electionselections – Presidential candidates who raise at least $5,000 in 20 – Presidential candidates who raise at least $5,000 in 20 states can get individual contributions of up to $250 matched by the states can get individual contributions of up to $250 matched by the federal treasury. federal treasury.

c.) c.) Limited presidential campaign spendingLimited presidential campaign spending..d.) d.) Disclosure requirementDisclosure requirement. . e.) e.) Individual contributions to presidential and congressional Individual contributions to presidential and congressional

candidates up to $1,000. candidates up to $1,000. LoopholesLoopholes1.) 1.) Buckley v ValeoBuckley v Valeo Supreme Court struck down the portion of the Supreme Court struck down the portion of the

act that limited the amount a candidate could spend on their own act that limited the amount a candidate could spend on their own campaigns.campaigns.

Ex: 1992: Ross Perot raised $50 million.Ex: 1992: Ross Perot raised $50 million.2. 2. Soft MoneySoft Money money that goes to the party not directly to a money that goes to the party not directly to a

candidate. candidate.

Campaign FinancingCampaign Financing McCain Feingold ActMcCain Feingold Act (Bipartisan Campaign Reform (Bipartisan Campaign Reform

Act) Act)

1.) Eliminated all soft money donations to the national 1.) Eliminated all soft money donations to the national parties.parties.

2.) Doubled the contribution limit of hard money from 2.) Doubled the contribution limit of hard money from $1,000 to $2,000. $1,000 to $2,000.

3.) Banned the use of corporate or union money to 3.) Banned the use of corporate or union money to pay for broadcast advertising that identifies a federal pay for broadcast advertising that identifies a federal candidate within 30 days of a primary or nominating candidate within 30 days of a primary or nominating convention, or 60 days of a general election. Any ads convention, or 60 days of a general election. Any ads within those periods that identify a federal candidate within those periods that identify a federal candidate must be paid for with regulated, hard money or with must be paid for with regulated, hard money or with contributions exclusively made by individual donors. contributions exclusively made by individual donors.