dangue : a common viral disease in the world

𝐼𝐹 𝑇𝐻𝐸𝑌 𝐵𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐷 ,𝑌𝑂𝑈𝑊𝐼𝐿𝐿𝐵𝐿𝐸𝐸𝐷 .

DENGUE

• Also known as break bone fever.

• It is mosquito born tropical disease cause by “DENGUE VIRUS”

• Transmitted by “AEDES AEGYPTI” mosquito.

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND HISTORY

• IN WORLD : About 50 million cases annually worldwide Incidence of dengue fever highest in tropical and

subtropical regions Recent increase in disease activity worldwide

• IN INDIA : First outbreak of dengue was recorded in 1812 A double peak hemorrhagic fever epidemic occurred

in India for the first time in Calcutta between July 1963 & March 1964

WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT…

AGENT – DENGUE VIRUS

VECTOR – AEDES MOSQUITO

ENVIRONMENT

DENGUE virus

Family FlaviviridaeGenus Flavivirus

Species Dengue

DANGUE VIRUS

• It is arbovirus.• Composed of single-stranded RNA • Has 4 serotypes (DEN-1, 2, 3, 4) • In india : DEN-1,2 are most common

• The population of Ae. aegypti fluctuates with rainfall and water storage• survives best between 160-300 C and a relative humidity of 60-80%.• Ae. aegypti breeds almost entirely in domestic man-made water

receptacles found in and around households, construction sites and factories; natural larval habitats are tree holes, leaf axils and coconut shells

ENVIRONMENT

ENVIRONMENT

TYRES COOLER CONSTRUCTION SITE

WATER STORAGE POTS

OVERHEAD TANK

SUBURBAN AREA

TRANSMISSION

Infected person

Healthy person

Infected mosquito

Incubation Period: 3 to 14 daysMost commonly 4 to 7 days

• Fever: continuous for 3 to 5 days• Severe headache• Painful limbs, joint pain,

muscle pain, back pain, pain behind eyeballs

HEAD ACHE

MUSCLE ACHE

JOINT ACHE

BACK ACHE

CLINICAL FEATURES

RETROBULBAR PAIN

• Rash appears on the 3rd to 4th day after onset. •Nausea, vomiting.• Slight gum bleeding and nasal

bleeding.• Extreme fatigue and

depression may follow recovery.

HEAD ACHE

MUSCLE ACHE

JOINT ACHE

BACK ACHE

CLINICAL FEATURES

RASH

CLINICAL FEATURES

• In very rare cases, the condition may worsen

into dengue haemorrhagic fever, leading to

haemorrhage, shock or even death.

PREVENTION

Avoid going out in the hours when Aedes feed or wear

light-coloured, long-sleeved clothing and

trousers.

Prevention of Mosquito Bites

•Apply DEET-containing mosquito-repellents over exposed parts of the body and clothes every 4 to 6 hours.

•For DEET products used by children, its concentration should be less than 10%.


DEET - diethyltoluamide

Your place of accommodation should have air-conditioners or mosquito nets. Otherwise, hang mosquito screens around your

bed, use insecticides or coil incenses to repel mosquitoes.


Install mosquito nets to doors and windows so that mosquitoes can’t get in.


The most effective way to eliminate mosquitoes is to

keep the environment clean and to remove

stagnant water so that mosquitoes can’t breed.

Elimination of Mosquitoes

Cover water containers tightly so that mosquitoes

can’t get in to lay eggs.


• Dispose of domestic wastes properly to

prevent the accumulation of stagnant water.

• Dispose of empty bottles, cans and lunchboxes

properly, such as into a covered bin.


• Change water for vases and aquatic plants at

least once a week, leaving no water under

the pots or in the bottom saucers.

• Scrub the container surfaces thoroughly to prevent mosquito eggs

sticking on them.


Remove or puncture any dumped tyres to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water.


Ditches should be free from blockage.


Fill up uneven ground surfaces to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water.


Remove stagnant water immediately if mosquitoes are found to be breeding.

Use environmentally friendly insecticides such as lavicidal

oil if necessary.


• No vaccine is currently approved for the prevention of dengue infection.• Because immunity to a single dengue strain is the major risk factor

for dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, a vaccine must provide high levels of immunity to all 4 dengue strains to be clinically useful.• Immunogenic, safe tetravalent vaccines have been developed and

are undergoing clinical trials.

Vaccine

PRESENTATION BY :Rajveer NathKamal Kishor

Thank You

Directed By : Dr. Vibha Joshi

dangue : a common viral disease in the world

Healthcare