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SEMINAR

FIZIK SPM

2012

PENCERAMAH THONG KUM SOON

SMK SG LONG, CHERAS

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SM STELLA MARIS

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Tips for Paper 3 No 1 and No 2

1. Identity the variable from the text and diagram. (a) Manipulated variable (b) Responding variable (c) Fixed variable (can be measured)

---NOT TYPE OF SUBSTANCE

(d) Observe the diagram measurement (e) Identity the value in table (f) Tabulate data with symbol and unit (g) Plan your graph (unit and symbol) (h) Determine the relationship from the graph

2. Read the question CAREFULLY (a) Extrapolate the graph and write the value next to it (b) Plot biggest triangle and get closest value with unit (c) Substitute the value correctly with 2 decimal places (d) Place precaution

Observe the reading perpendicular to the eyes to prevent parallax errors

Off the circuit when measurement is not taken to prevent heating of wires and cause systematic errors

Repeat the experiment for 3 times and determine the average to prevent systematic error

3. Tips Paper 3 no 3 and 4. (a) Planning experiment is the BEST to do and EASY to score but it is also easy

to differ from the main point. (b) Identify variables from the questions from the statement, CIRCLE UP the

variables involve and APPARATUS GIVEN in statement. (c) Think what ???? experiment is using given apparatus as a HINTS. Plan and

sketch the diagram of experiment step up. (d) Write inference, hypothesis and aim FOLLOW FORMAT given.

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Underline the variables of MV and RV from the diagram. Use the variables to substitute the format of Planning Experiment. Procedure

1. State the initial measurement of MV. 2. State the ways of measurement of RV with apparatus and follow with formula (if

necessary) 3. Repeat the experiment with 4 different MV values. a1,a2,a3 and a4.

Sample Paper 3

Questions no 1

a. Manometer measurement (pressure and height) (MRSM 2008) b. Protractor (Refraction) c. Interferens (measure distance of separation)(DIAGNOSTIK KL 2010)

Questions 2 (Graph)

a. Light of lenses (f1 =

v1 +

u1 )

b. Internal resistance ( negative graph) c. Refractive index (sin i vs sin r) d.

Questions 3 and 4 (Planning Experiment)

1. MRSM ---R and length, R and area (thickness of wires , S.W.G.) 2. Gas law Charles and Boyle’s Law 3. Pressure and height ( density) 4. Archimedes (Buoyance force)

Questions 3 (Form 4)

a. Pressure with height (measurement with manometer – u Tube, thristle funnel)

b. To investigate the relationship between the pressure and the temperature ( Pressure law’s- Bourdon gauge and thermometer)

c. To investigate the relationship between the sine of incident angle ,i and the sine of refracted angle, r

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Questions 4 (form 5)

a. To investigate the relationship between the distance between two sources and distance

between two separation, a x1

b. To investigate the relationship between the area cross sectional of the wire, A , (length ) and the resistance, R of the wire

Paper 2 Part B

1. Definition – don’t state the formula of the define word - Write the definition in statement from the formula

2. Comparison questions – must use back the same diagram to compare in physics term comparison. Quote back the Diagram number, and compare with statement according to the marks provision.

3. Explanation on aspects given. Must quote back the aspect given, don’t divert the statement by explaning other statement of your ways.

Explain the characteristics of the statement given follow ( 1 marks) with explanation of the benefit and advantages of the characteristics stated. (1 marks)

More explanation are better, usually TWO are more than enough.

Part C

1. Usually calculation, and definition. Please state formula, working and final results with minimum 2 decimal places and correct units.

2. Explanation of physics concepts, usually test your understanding of physics formula relationships.

3. Study specification on the aspects given and evaluate the pictures given to extract the answer from the information given. Quote the information of point of answer and elaborate the statement of characterics with physics concept explanation.

4. Try to give TWO explanation of each characterics in a statement. (4 points with 4 explanation) – 8 marks

5. Final 2 marks is the explanation of the BEST suitability and CHOOSE the BEST of the 4 or 5 given examples.

6. This characteristics and explanation can states in a table form. (THE BEST EVER ESSAY for 10 marks)

7. Choose the best essay than you can get the MOST marks. 8. Essay in Part B and Part C is usually ONE form 4 and ONE form 5. So DON’T SPOT

QUESTION. Study all the physics concept.

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CONFIDENTIAL 8 4531/2

4531/2 ©2009 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan dan Latihan (Menengah) MARA CONFIDENTIAL

1.10

1.00

g cm -3

0.90

0.80

0.70

For Examiner’s use

3 Diagram 3.1 shows a freely floating hydrometer in water. Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan hidrometer yang terapung pegun di dalam air.

Diagram 3.1 Rajah 3.1

A principle states that; Satu prinsip menyatakan bahawa; When a body is immersed wholly or partially in a fluid, the buoyant force acting on the body is equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.

Bila suatu objek yang direndamkan sepenuh atau sebahagiannya di dalam bendalir, daya tujah yang bertindak ke atas objek itu adalah sama dengan berat bendalir yang tersesar.

3(a)(i)

(a) (i) Name the principle above. Namakan prinsip di atas. ……………………………....................................................................

[1mark] / [1 markah]

3(a)(ii)

(ii) Mark on Diagram 3.1 the direction of the two forces acting on the hydrometer. Tandakan dengan anak panah arah daya-daya yang bertindak ke atas hidrometer pada Rajah 3.1.

[1mark] / [1 markah

1

1

Hydrometer Hidrometer

Water Air

g cm-3

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CONFIDENTIAL 4531/2

[Turn over 4531/2 ©2009 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan dan Latihan (Menengah) MARA CONFIDENTIAL

9

(b) The hydrometer is removed from water, dried and then placed in oil.

Hidrometer itu dikeluarkan dari air, dikeringkan dan dimasukkan ke dalam minyak.


(i) Predict the length of the hydrometer that is submerged in oil, compared to the length in water. Ramalkan panjang hidrometer yang tenggelam di dalam minyak, berbanding panjang di dalam air.

3(b)(i)

……………………………………………………………………………


(ii) Give a reason for your answer in 3(b)(i). Nyatakan satu alasan untuk jawapan anda dalam 3(b)(i).

....................................................................................................................


3(b)(ii)

(c)


Diagram 3.2 shows an object which has a weight of 0.25 N fully immersed in water. Its apparent weight is 0.22 N. (Density of water = 1000 kg m-3) Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan satu objek yang mempunyai berat 0.25 N terendam sepenuhnya di dalam air.Berat ketara bahan itu ialah 0.22 N. (Ketumpatan air = 1000 kg m-3)

(i) What is the buoyant force on the object? Berapakah daya apungan yang bertindak ke atas objek?


3(c)(i)

(ii) Determine the volume of the object. Tentukan isipadu objek itu.

[2marks] / [2 markah]

3(c)(ii)

Total A3

1

2

1

7

1

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CONFIDENTIAL 4531/2


10

4 Diagram 4.1 shows a light ray incident into a glass block.

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan sinar cahaya merambat memasuki bongkah kaca.



4(a)(i)

(a) (i) Based on Diagram 4.1, the angle of 42o is known as: Berdasarkan Rajah 4.1 , sudut 42o dikenali sebagai: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]/ [1 markah]

4(a)(ii)

(ii) Calculate the refractive index for the glass block. Hitungkan indeks biasan bagi bongkah kaca itu.

[2 marks]/ [2 markah]

(b) The light ray is adjusted so that the angle at M is now 48o, as shown in Diagram 4.2. Sinar cahaya dilaraskan supaya sudut di M ialah 48o, seperti ditunjukkan pada Rajah 4.2 .

Diagram 4.2

Rajah 4.2

1

2

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CONFIDENTIAL 4531/2


11

(i) On Diagram 4.2, complete the pathway for the light ray. Pada Rajah 4.2, lengkapkan laluan sinar cahaya.

[1 mark] / [1 markah]


4(b)(i)

(ii) Explain your answer in 4(b) (i). Terangkan jawapan anda dalam 4(b)(i). .......................................................................................................................


4(b)(ii)

(c) Diagram 4.3 shows a light ray propagating into a glass block. Rajah 4.3 menunjukkan sinar cahaya merambat ke dalam sebuah bongkah kaca.

Diagram 4.3

Rajah 4.3

(i) On Diagram 4.3, complete the propagation of the light ray. Pada Rajah 4.3, lengkapkan perambatan sinar cahaya.


4(c)(i)

(ii) What happens to the angle of refraction if a denser glass block is used? Apakah yang berlaku kepada sudut biasan jika bongkah kaca berketumpatan lebih tinggi digunakan? .......................................................................................................................


4(c)(ii)

Total A4

1

1

1

1

7

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Sticky Note

Y and Z

kumsoon

Sticky Note

X and Z

kumsoon

Sticky Note

Lens Z

kumsoon

Sticky Note

Larger and clearer image.











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Text Box

8

kumsoon

Text Box

8









CONFIDENTIAL 4531/2


16

For Examiner’s

use

7 Diagram 7.1 shows a simple electric motor. Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan sebuah motor elektrik ringkas.


7(a)(i) (a) (i) Name the type of motor shown in the diagram above.

Namakan jenis motor yang ditunjukkan pada rajah di atas. ……………………………........................................................................ [1mark] / [1 markah]

7(a)(ii) (ii) What is the function of the part labeled X?

Apakah fungsi bahagian yang berlabel X? ……………………………........................................................................ [1mark] / [1 markah]

1

1

Armature armatur

X

Permanent magnet Magnet kekal

Carbon brush Berus karbon

N S

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Typewriter

12

kumsoon

Sticky Note

DC current motor

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Sticky Note

reverse current flow every half rotation, so conductor still turn in same dierction











CONFIDENTIAL 4531/2


17

(b) (i) By refering to Diagram 7.1, draw the related catapult field in the diagram below. Dengan merujuk Rajah 7.1, lukiskan medan lastik pada rajah di bawah. [2 marks ] / [2 markah]

For Examiner’s

use

7(b)(i)

(ii) In your diagram, draw and label the direction of forces produced. Pada rajah anda, lukis dan labelkan arah daya-daya yang dihasilkan.


7(b)(ii)

(iii) State one factor that affects the speed of rotation of the armature. Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kelajuan putaran gegelung wayar ……………………………........................................................................ [1mark] / [1 markah]

7(b)(iii)

2

1

1

N

S

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13

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strength of magnet, number of current











CONFIDENTIAL 4531/2


18

For Examiner’s

use (c) Diagram 7.2 shows the same type of electric motor used in a blender to grind

food where a blade is attached to the electric motor. Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan motor elektrik yang sama jenis di dalam sebuah mesin pengisar yang digunakan untuk mengisar makanan di mana satu mata pisau disambungkan kepada motor elektrik


Suggest and explain the modifications which need to be done for each of the following: Cadang dan terangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan untuk setiap yang berikut:

7(c)(i)

(i) To enable the motor to be used with alternating current. Membolehkan motor digunakan dengan bekalan arus ulang alik. ……………………………......................................................................... ……………………………......................................................................... [2 marks] / [2 markah]

7(c)(ii)

Total A7

(ii) To increase the strength of the magnetic field . Menambahkan kekuatan medan magnet. ……………………………......................................................................... …………………………….........................................................................

[2 marks] / [2 markah]

2

10

Attached to blade of blender Disambung kepada

pisau pengisar

Armature Armatur

To power supply Ke bekalan kuasa

Permanent magnet Magnet kekal

2

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14

kumsoon

Sticky Note

use double ring commutator, use AC supply

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Sticky Note

increase more armature,use stronger magnet











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Stamp



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R2/R1+R2= V2 / Total pd R2 / R1 + R2 = 2 / 6 750 ohm

kumsoon

Typewriter

20

kumsoon

Sticky Note

npn











(b) The transistor is switched on when the base voltage V2

Transistor itu dihidupkan apabila voltan tapak V ≥ 2 V.

2

≥ 2 V

(i) Write an equation to show the relationship between IB, IC and IETuliskan satu persamaan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara I

. B, IC dan IE

.

...........……………………………………………..……………………………….. [1 mark] [1 markah]

(ii) Calculate the minimum value of R2

Hitungkan nilai minimum R when the transistor is switched on.

2

apabila transistor itu dihidupkan.

[2 marks]

[2 markah]

(c) The resistor R2

Perintang R

is then replaced with a light dependent resistor,LDR, which has high resistance when it is dark.

2mempunyai rintangan tinggi apabila gelap.

kemudian digantikan dengan perintang peka cahaya, PPC ,yang

(i) State whether the bulb will light up during the day. Give reason to your

answer. Nyatakan sama ada mentol itu akan menyala pada waktu siang. Jelaskan jawapan anda. .....................………………………………………………………………………… .....................…………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks] [2 markah]

(ii) Besides being used as a switch, state other use of a transistor. Selain daripada digunakan sebagai satu suis, nyatakan satu kegunaan lain bagi transistor . .....................………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark] [1 markah]

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

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Typewriter

23

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Sticky Note

IE = IB + IC

kumsoon

Sticky Note

No, low reistance, current will flow through LDR

kumsoon

Sticky Note

current amplifier











10 Diagram 10.1 shows a transistor circuit. Diagram 10.2 and Diagram 10.3 show

the transistor circuit with different microammeter reading and milliammeter

reading.

Diagram 10.1

Diagram 10.2

Diagram 10.3

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Text Box

14









A B 40

30

θ α

Ali

Section C Bahagian C

[20 marks]

[20 markah]

Answer any one question from this section. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

11 Diagram 11.1 shows Ali standing at the side of a pond. Ali can see the image of the fish

and the image of the dragon-fly in the water as shown by the ray diagram. Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan Ali berdiri di tepi kolam. Ali dapat melihat imej ikan dan imej pepatung di dalam air seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh rajah sinar. Diagram 11.1 Rajah 11.1

(a) (i) What is the meaning of virtual image ? [1 mark] Apakah maksud imej maya ? [1 markah]

(ii) Explain how Ali can see the image of the fish and the image of the dragon-fly. State the phenomenon of light that is involved in each case. [4 marks] Terangkan bagaimana Ali dapat melihat imej ikan dan imej pepatung. Nyatakan fenomena cahaya yang terlibat dalam setiap kes. [4 markah]

(b) (i) Calculate the angle θ and α .

[ Refractive index of water is 1.33 ] [4 marks] Hitung sudut θ dan α . [ Indeks biasan air ialah 1.33 ] [4 markah]

(ii) State one characteristic of the image of the dragon-fly. [1 mark] Nyatakan satu ciri bagi imej pepatung. [1 markah]

Water


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kumsoon

Sticky Note

image that caanot be shown/ form on screen

kumsoon

Sticky Note

1. Ray of fish refracted at B 1 2. refraction 1 3.ray refracted from dragon at A 1 4. reflection happen 1

kumsoon

Sticky Note

@ = 90-30 @ =60 1.33 = sin */ sin 40 * = 58.75^

kumsoon

Sticky Note

virtual/ same size/ laterally inverted



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Text Box

15









(c) Table 11 shows the design of five torchlights P, Q, R, S and T. Jadual 11 menunjukkan reka bentuk bagi lima lampu suluh P, Q, R, S dan T. Table 11 Jadual 11 You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the five torchlights shown in Table 11. Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the torchlight and determine the torchlight which can produce a strong parallel beam of light. Give reasons for your choice. [10 marks] Anda ditugaskan untuk mengkaji ciri-ciri bagi lima lampu suluh seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 11. Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri lampu suluh itu dan tentukan lampu suluh yang boleh menghasilkan satu alur cahaya selari yang terang. Beri sebab untuk pilihan anda. [10 markah]

P

Q

R

S

Concave reflector Pemantul cekung

Bulb beyond principle focus Mentol di luar titik fokus

Battery Bateri

Constantan connecting wire Wayar penyambung konstantan

Bulb at principle focus Mentol di titik fokus Copper connecting wire

Wayar penyambung kuprum

Battery Bateri

Concave reflector Pemantul cekung

Convex reflector Pemantul cembung

Bulb at the pole of the mirror Mentol di kutub cermin

Battery Bateri

Copper connecting wire Wayar penyambung kuprum

Constantant Connecting wire Wayar penyambung konstantan Battery

Bateri

Convex reflector Pemantul cembung

T

Bulb between the two plane mirror Mentol antara dua cermin satah Iron connecting wire

Wayar penyambung besi Battery

Bateri

Plane reflector Pemantul satah

Bulb at the pole of the mirror Mentol di kutub cermin


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Sticky Note

1.concave mirror = converging reflected ray 2. bulb at principle focus=reflected ray in parallel beam 3. batteries connected in series=large current/ voltage 4. copper connecting wire=low resistance/ high current Q= concave mirror, bulb at principle, series batteries and copper wire



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Text Box

16









(a) What is the meaning of transistor circuit?

[1 mark]

(b) (i) Using Diagram 10.1, compare the microammeter reading and the

milliammeter reading.

(ii) Using Diagram 10.2, compare the microammeter reading and the

milliammeter reading.

(iii) Using Diagram 10.2 and Diagram 10.3, compare the change in

microammeter reading and the change in milliammeter reading.

(iv) Relate the microammeter reading, milliammeter reading and deduce

a physics concept for base current , Ib and collector current, Ic in a

transistor circuit.

[5 marks]

(c) Diagram 10.5 shows a transistor circuit is used to light up a bulb at night.

Diagram 10.5

Explain why the bulb light up at night.

[4 marks]

(d) Suggest the modifications need to be done to the circuit in Diagram 10.5

so that it can function as automatically fire alarm switch that needs high

voltage.

Explain your suggestions base on the following aspects:

(i) The electrical components that are needed to replace any components in the circuit (ii) The position of these components in the circuit

(iii) The electrical components that is connected to the output transistor [10 marks]

LDR

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Sticky Note

10.1 : Microammeter no reading // 0 A, milliammeter no reading // 0 A

kumsoon

Sticky Note

Circuit consists transistor, resistor and cell

kumsoon

Sticky Note

10.2 : Microammeter has a reading // 1 x 10-6 A , milliammeter has a reading // 1 x 10-3 A

kumsoon

Sticky Note

Change in microammeter reading small, change in milliammeter reading is bigger

kumsoon

Sticky Note

1. Ib Increase, Ic increase // Ic depends on Ib 2. A small change in Ib caused a big change in Ic

kumsoon

Sticky Note

1. At night resistance LDR increases 2. VBE increases 3. Ib increases and switch on transistor 4. Ic increases and lights up bulb

kumsoon

Sticky Note

Modification Explaination 1. Replace LDR with termistor To detect heat when temperature is high 2. Replace bulb with siren / bell To produce sound 3. Connect relay switch to output transistor To switch on the siren 4. Interchange the position of resistor R and termistor To increase base voltage / / voltage across R // base current 5. Use 240 V power supply Siren is function at high voltage



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Text Box

17









SULIT 4531/2

4531/2 SULIT

20

Section C Bahagian C [20 marks]

Answer any one question from this section. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

11 Diagram 11.1 shows the air pressure in the tyre of a car being measured by a pressure

gauge.

Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan tekanan udara di dalam tayar sebuah kereta diukur oleh sebuah tolok tekanan.

Diagram 11.1 / Rajah 11.1

(a) What is the meaning of pressure?

Apakah maksud tekanan? [1 mark / markah]

(b) Based on kinetic theory of gases, explain why the air pressure in the tyre increases

Berdasarkan teori kinetik gas, terangkan mengapa tekanan udara di dalam tayar bertambah

(i) when more air is pumped into it

apabila lebih banyak udara dipam ke dalamnya (ii) after the car has completed a long journey.

selepas kereta menamatkan perjalanan yang jauh. [4 marks / markah] (c) Diagram 11.2 shows a sheet of glass being lifted by a vacuum suction cup. Air is

removed from the cup by a vacuum pump to produce a partial vacuum inside the cup. Atmospheric pressure outside pushes the glass onto the cup.

Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan sekeping kaca diangkat oleh sebuah mangkuk penyedut vakum. Udara dikeluarkan daripada mangkuk oleh sebuah pam vakum untuk menghasilkan vakum separa di dalam mangkuk itu. Tekanan atmosfera di luar menolak kepingan kaca pada mangkuk itu.

Pressure gauge Tolok tekanan

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18









SULIT 4531/2

4531/2 SULIT

21


The area of the glass sheet covered by the suction cup is 0.0025 m2. The pressure inside the cup is reduced to 45000 Pa. The atmospheric pressure outside is

100 000 Pa.

Luas kepingan kaca yang diliputi oleh mangkuk penyedut ialah 0.0025 m2. Tekanan di dalam mangkuk dikurangkan kepada 45 000 Pa. Tekanan atmosfera di luar ialah 100 000 Pa.

(i) What is the difference between the atmospheric pressure and the pressure

inside the cup?

Berapakah perbezaan antara tekanan atmosfera dan tekanan di dalam mangkuk?

[1 mark / markah] (ii) Calculate the force exerted on the glass sheet due to the difference of

pressure in 11(c)(i).

Hitungkan daya yang dikenakan pada kepingan kaca disebabkan oleh beza tekanan di 11(c)(i).

[2 marks / markah] (iii) Calculate the maximum mass of glass sheet that can be lifted with this cup. Hitungkan jisim maksimum kepingan kaca yang boleh diangkat oleh

mangkuk ini. [2 marks / markah]

(d) Diagram 11.3 shows two different glass lifters which are used to lift heavy glass

panels. When the hinged levers are pushed down, air is forced out of the sucker cup and a lifting force is produced. The glass lifters can hold tightly on a glass panel by pressing it onto the glass.

Rajah 11.3 menunjukkan dua jenis pengangkat kaca yang digunakan untuk mengangkat panel kaca yang berat. Apabila tuas berengsel ditolak ke bawah, udara dipaksa keluar daripada mangkuk penyedut dan daya angkat dihasilkan. Pengangkat kaca itu boleh melekap dengan kuat pada panel kaca dengan cara menekannya ke atas kaca itu.

Handle Pemegang

To vacuum pump Ke pam vakum

Seal lining Lapik kedap

Suction cup Mangkuk penyedut

Glass sheet Kepingan kaca

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19









SULIT 4531/2

4531/2 SULIT

22


Table 11 shows the characteristics of four different types of glass lifters.

Jadual 11 menunjukkan ciri-ciri empat jenis pengangkat kaca.

Type of glass lifter

Jenis pengangkat

kaca

Pressure in cup after hinged lever is pressed down

Tekanan dalam mangkuk selepas tuas berengsel ditolak ke

bawah

Diameter of cup

Diameter mangkuk

Seal lining

Lapik kedap

Number of cups

Bilangan mangkuk

W 6.47 x 104 Pa 120 mm Plastic Plastik

Three Tiga

X 6.47 x 104 Pa 105 mm Rubber Getah

Two Dua

Y 2.06 x 104 Pa 120 mm Rubber Getah

Three Tiga

Z 2.06 x 104 Pa 105 mm Plastic Plastik

Two Dua

Table 11 / Jadual 11

You are required to determine the most suitable glass lifter that can be used for

lifting large and heavier pieces of glass safely.

Anda dikehendaki menentukan pengangkat kaca yang paling sesuai untuk mengangkat kepingan kaca yang besar dan berat dengan selamat.

Study the properties of all the four glass lifters based on the following aspects:

Kaji ciri-ciri keempat-empat pengangkat kaca itu berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut:

Seal lining Lapik kedap

Hinged lever Tuas berengsel

Sucker cup Mangkuk penyedut

Double-sucker cup Mangkuk penyedut ganda dua

Triple-sucker cup Mangkuk penyedut ganda tiga

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SULIT 4531/2

4531/2 SULIT

23

(i) Pressure in cup after hinged lever is pressed down.

Tekanan dalam mangkuk selepas tuas berengsel ditolak ke bawah. [2 marks / markah] (ii) Diameter of cup

Diameter mangkuk. [2 marks / markah] (iii) Seal lining.

Lapik kedap. [2 marks / markah] (iv) Number of cups.

Bilangan mangkuk. [2 marks / markah] Explain the suitability of each property and then determine the most suitable glass

lifter. Give the reasons for your choice. Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri dan seterusnya tentukan pengangkat kaca yang

paling sesuai. Beri sebab untuk pilihan anda. [2 marks / markah] 12 Diagram 12.1 shows a water detection system designed by a student to detect the level

of water in a storage tank so that an outlet valve can be opened automatically when the water level is too high.

Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan satu sistem pengesan air yang direkabentuk oleh seorang pelajar untuk mengesan aras air di dalam tangki supaya injap keluar boleh dibuka secara automatik apabila aras air menjadi terlalu tinggi.


Radioactive source Sumber radioaktif

Detector Pengesan

Outlet valve Injap keluar

Water Air

Outlet valve controller Pengawal injap keluar

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Text Box



kumsoon

Text Box

21









(c) Diagram 9.4 shows a canoe Rajah 9.4 menunjukkan sebuah kayak


You are required to give some suggestions to design a canoe which can travel faster and safer Using the knowledge on motion, forces and the properties of materials, explain the suggestions based on the following aspects: Anda dikehendaki memberikan beberapa cadangan untuk merekabentuk sebuah kayak yang boleh bergerak lebih laju dan selamat Menggunakan pengetahuan tentang gerakan, daya dan sifat-sifat bahan, terangkan cadangan itu yang merangkumi aspek-aspek berikut:

(i) the surface of the canoe permukaan kayak

(ii) the shape of the canoe bentuk kayak

(iii) the material of the canoe bahan yang digunakan untuk kayak

(iv) the size of a peddle Saiz pendayung

(v) material used for peddle Bahan yang digunakan untuk pendayung


Peddle Pendayung

Canoe Kayak


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TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

TKS

Highlight

kumsoon

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4531/2 CONFIDENTIAL

10 am 10.1(a) Diagram 10.1 shows one insulated conductor which is moved downwards in a magnetic

field. Diagram 10.2 shows three insulated conductors which are moved downwards in the

magnetic field.

Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan satu konduktor bertebat digerakkan ke bawah dalam medan magnet. Rajah 10.2

menunjukkan tiga konduktor bertebat digerakkan ke bawah dalam medan magnet.

(a) What is meant by electromagnetic induction? [1 mark]

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan aruhan elektromagnet? [1 markah]

(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare,

Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2, bandingkan,

(i) The number of conductor wires [1 mark]

Bilangan wayar konduktor [1 markah]

(ii) The deflection of the galvanometer pointer [1 mark]

Pesongan penunjuk galvanometer [1 markah]

Diagram 10.1 Diagram 10.2 Rajah 10.1 Rajah 10.2

Centre-zero galvanometer Galvanometer pusat sifar

Centre-zero galvanometer Galvanometer pusat sifar

Direction of motion of insulated conductor Arah gerakan konduktor bertebat

N S N S

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Sticky Note

electric current generate from cutting of magnetic field line or flux

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Sticky Note

10.2 is higher than 10.1

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Sticky Note

10.2 is higher than 10.1

kumsoon

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[Turn page over

4531/2 CONFIDENTIAL

(iii) Relate the number of conductor and the rate of cutting of magnetic flux.

[1 mark]

Hubungkaitkan bilangan konduktor dan kadar pemotongan fluks medan magnet.

[1 markah]

(iv) Relate the rate of cutting of magnetic flux and the induced current.

[1 mark]

Hubungkaitkan kadar pemotongan fluks medan magnet dengan arus aruhan.

[1 markah]

(v) Name the physics law involved. [1 mark]

Namakan hukum fizik yang terlibat. [1 markah]

(c) Diagram 10.3 shows the structure of a generator. Explain how the generator can

be used to produce electricity.

Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan struktur sebuah penjana. Terangkan bagaimana penjana itu digunakan

untuk menghasilkan arus elektrik.



Commutator Komutator

S N

Carbon Brush Berus karbon

Galvanometer

Coil Gegelung

Resistor Perintang


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Sticky Note

higher, higher

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Sticky Note

higher , higher

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Sticky Note

Faraday's Law

kumsoon

Sticky Note

right hand rule, anticlockwise,current from right to left galvanometer, curve magnet, uniform magnetic field, 1 split ring, one D.C.

kumsoon

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4531/2 CONFIDENTIAL

(d) Diagram 10.4 shows the cross section of a moving coil microphone which

converts one form of energy into another.

Rajah 10.4 menunjukkan keratan rentas sebuah mikrofon gegelung bergerak yang

menukarkan satu bentuk tenaga ke bentuk yang lain.

When sound vibrates the diaphragm, the attached voice coil moves in and

out the magnetic field and generates a small electric current in the coil.

Using the appropriate concepts in physics, suggest and explain suitable

modifications or ways to enable the microphone to detect sound effectively

and generate bigger current based on the following aspects :

Apabila bunyi menggetarkan diafragma, gegelung suara yang bersentuhan dengannya

bergerak ke dalam dan ke luar medan magnet dan menghasilkan arus elektrik yang kecil di

dalam gegelung.

Menggunakan konsep fizik yang sesuai , cadang dan terangkan pengubahsuaian atau cara

yang boleh dilakukan untuk membolehkan mikrofon mengesan gelombang bunyi secara

berkesan dan menghasilkan arus yang lebih besar berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut :

(i) The thickness of the diaphragm Ketebalan diafragma

(ii) The strength of the material for the diaphragm Kekuatan bahan untuk diafragma

(iii) The number of turns of the coil Bilangan lilitan gegelung

(iv) The diameter of the coil wire Diameter dawai gegelung

(v) The strength of the magnet Kekuatan magnet


Diaphragm Diafragma


Magnet

Voice coil gegelung suara

Output Keluaran


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kumsoon

Sticky Note

thin, vibration effective

kumsoon

Sticky Note

strong, withstand strong vibration

kumsoon

Sticky Note

high, more magnetic field cut

kumsoon

Sticky Note

large area, low resistance, more current

kumsoon

Sticky Note

strong, more magnetic flux been cut.

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Arrow

kumsoon

Line

kumsoon

Line

kumsoon

Line

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Line

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Line

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Line

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Line

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CONFIDENTIAL 4531/2


26

10 Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the pattern of interference of water waves.

Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan corak interferens bagi gelombang air.

(a) How does constructive interference occur?

Bagaimana interferens membina terjadi? [1 mark] / [1 markah]

(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the

Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2, bandingkan

(i) distance between the two coherent sources. jarak di antara dua sumber koheren.


(ii) vertical distance between point P and the respective coherent sources. jarak menegak di antara titik P dan sumber koheren berkaitan.


(iii) wavelength of the propagating water wave. panjang gelombang bagi gelombang air yang merambat.


(iv) distance between two consecutive antinodes. jarak di antara dua garis antinod yang berturutan.


(c) Relate the distance between the two coherent sources with the distance between two consecutive antinodes. Hubungkaitkan jarak di antara dua sumber koheren dengan jarak di antara dua garis antinod

berturutan. [1 mark] / [1 markah]


Coherent sources Punca koheren

Coherent sources Punca koheren

P


P

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Typewriter

18

kumsoon

Sticky Note

superposition of two waves from two coherent sources meet

kumsoon

Sticky Note

distance of D 10.1 is smaller than in D 10.2

kumsoon

Sticky Note

same

kumsoon

Sticky Note

same

kumsoon

Sticky Note

distance in D 10.1 is larger than in D 10.2

kumsoon

Sticky Note

when the a increase, the x will decrease











CONFIDENTIAL

Section A

Bahagian A

[28 marks /28 markah]

Answer all questions Jawab semua soalan

4531/3

1

A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the sine of the angle of incidence, i and the sine of the angle of refraction, r of a glass

block.

The arrangement of the apparatus for the experiment is shown in Figure 1.1

Ray box

Incidence ray

Glass block

i

M

r

Protractor

N

Refracted ray

FIGURE 1.1 /RAJAH 1.1

A ray of light is directed along the angle of incidence, i = 20o and forms the angle

of refraction, r. The angle of refraction is measured by using a protractor. The

corresponding reading of r1 , is shown in Figure 1.2 on page 5.

The experiment is repeated by varying the angle of incidence, i, to 30o, 40o, 50o

and 60o. The corresponding angles of refraction, r are shown in Figures 1.3, 1.4,

1.5 and 1.6 on pages 6 and 7 respectively.

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CONFIDENTIAL

FIGURE 1.2

i = 200

The reading of the angle of refraction, r when i = 200

4531/3

4531/3

CONFIDENTIAL

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CONFIDENTIAL

4531/3

i = 300

FIGURE 1.3


i = 400

FIGURE 1.4

RAJAH 1.4


Turn over

4531/3 CONFIDENTIAL

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CONFIDENTIAL

FIGURE 1.5

FIGURE 1.6

i = 500


i = 600


4531/3

4531/3

CONFIDENTIAL

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CONFIDENTIAL

(a) For the experiment described on page 4 , identify

4531/3

(i)

(ii)

the manipulated variable pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

…………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark ]

the responding variable

1(a)(i)

pembolehubah bergerak balas

1(a)(ii)

…………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark ]

(iii) the fixed variable

pembolehubah dimalarkan

1(a)(iii)

…………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark ]

(b) Determine the angle of incidence, i

and the corresponding angle of

refraction, r,. for Figures 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6.

Tabulate your results for i, r, sin i and sin r in the space below.

Tentukan nilai sudut tuju,i dan nilai sudut biasan, r yang sepadan pada Rajah 1.2, 1.3, 1.4,

1.5 dan 1.6,

Jadualkan keputusan anda bagi i, r, sin i dan sin r pada ruang di bawah.

1(b)

[ 6 marks ]

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4531/3 CONFIDENTIAL

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Sticky Note

angle of incidence

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Sticky Note

angle of refraction

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Sticky Note

density of glass block, refractive index of glass block

















CONFIDENTIAL

4531/3

For

Examiner’s

(c) On the graph paper on page 10, plot a graph of sin r against sin i. Pada kertas graf di halaman 8, lukiskan graf sin r melawan sin i.

1(c)

Use

[ 5 marks ]

(d) Based on your graph, state the relationship between sin r and sin i.

Berdasarkan graf anda, nyatakan hubungan di antara sin r and sin i.

1(d) …………………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark ]

(e) State one precaution that should be taken to obtain the accurate readings of i.

Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk mendapatkan bacaan i yang

jitu.

…………………………………………………………………………………

1(e)

…………………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark ]

Total

4531/3

CONFIDENTIAL

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Sticky Note

sin r is directly proportional to sin i

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Sticky Note

observe the protractor reading perpendicular to the eyes, to prevent parallax error, repeat the experiment for three times to get an average value to prevent systematic error

















SULIT 4531/3

4431/3 SULIT

7

2 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the object distance, u, and linear magnification, M, of the image formed by a convex lens.

The results of this experiment are shown in a graph of u against M

1 in Diagram 2 on

page 9. The results are used to determine the focal length of the convex lens.

Seorang pelajar menjalankan suatu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hubungan antara jarak objek, u, dan pembesaran linear, M, bagi imej yang dibentuk oleh sebuah kanta cembung.

Keputusan eksperimen ini ditunjukkan dalam suatu graf u melawan M

1 dalam Rajah 2

pada halaman 9. Keputusan eksperimen ini digunakan untuk menentukan panjang fokus kanta cembung

itu. (a) Based on the graph in Diagram 2:

Berdasarkan graf di Rajah 2:

(i) State the relationship between u and M..

Nyatakan hubungan antara u dan M. ……………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark / markah] (ii) Determine the value of u when M = 2.5. Show on the graph, how you determine the value of u.

Tentukan nilai u apabila M = 2.5. Tunjukkan pada graf, bagaimana anda menentukan nilai u. u = …………….. [3 marks / markah]

(b) The relationship between u and M

1 is given by the formula

fM

fu +

= 1,

where f is the focal length of the lens.

Hubungan antara u dan M

1 diberikan oleh formula

fM

fu +

= 1,

di mana f ialah panjang fokus kanta itu.

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kumsoon

Text Box

21







SULIT 4531/3

4431/3 SULIT

8

(i) Determine the value of f from the u-intercept. Show on the graph how you determine the value of f.

Tentukan nilai f daripada pintasan-u. Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana anda menentukan nilai f. f = ……………… [2 marks / markah] (ii) Calculate the gradient of the graph.

Hitungkan kecerunan graf itu. [3 marks / markah]

(iii) From your answers in 2(b)(i) and 2(b)(ii), calculate the average value of the focal length, f, of the lens.

Daripada jawapan anda kepada 2(b)(i) dan 2(b)(ii), hitungkan nilai purata bagi panjang fokus, f, bagi kanta itu.

[2 marks / markah]

(c) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the accuracy of the readings in this experiment.

Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk memperbaik ketepatan bacaan dalam eksperimen ini.

……………………………………………………………………………………... ……………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark / markah]

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Text Box

22







(a) make one suitable inference .

The ___________________ is depend on the ____________________________

(b) state one appropriate hypothesis

The higher the _______________________, the _________ the ____________________

(i) aim of the experiment to determine the relationship between _______________ and _______________

(ii) variables in the experiment MV _________________________

RV __________________________

CV ___________________________

(iii) list of apparatus and materials (From list given and use to measure RV and MV with controlling the motion)

_____________________________________________________

(iv) arrangement of the apparatus (diagram with label)

(v) the procedures of the experiment 1. method of controlling the manipulated variable (initial data)

__________________________________________________

2. method of measuring the responding variable (use what and how to measure ) ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

3. repeat with 4 difference value ______________________________________________________

(vi) the way of tabulate data MV, symbol and unit RV, symbol and unit

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Kedah

1. Diagram 3.1 shows an empty plastic bottle being left on the seat of a car on a hot afternoon.

Diagram 3.2 shows the same plastic bottle the following morning when the weather was very cold.

With the use of apparatus such as a glass tube as shown in Diagram 3.3, water bath, and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3 (b)

2.

With the use of apparatus such as an ammeter, constantan wire and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4 (b).

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kumsoon

Sticky Note

MV temperature RV volume of gas apparatus - round base flask, bunsen burner

kumsoon

Sticky Note

MV length of wire RV resistance of wire MUST SHOW R=V/ I apparatus voltmeter, ammeter, constantan wire

kumsoon

Text Box

With the use of apparatus such as slotted mass, plasticine and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3 (b).

5.

With the use of apparatus such as thermometer, ammeter, resistor wire and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4 (b).

6.

With use of apparatus such as a metal block/ iron rod, spring balance, beaker and other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3 (b).

7. Diagram 3 shows a dented ping pong ball then put in a basin that consist cold water (Diagram 3 (a)), warm water (Diagram 3 (b)), and hot water (Diagram 3 (c)). Observe

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kumsoon

Sticky Note

MV temperature RV Resistance MUST show R= V /I apparatus constantan wire, thermometer, voltmeter and ammeter

kumsoon

Sticky Note

MV mass of metal block RV depth of water displaced apparatus tall beaker, meter rule water displaced

kumsoon

Text Box

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