Culvert DesignCulvert Design

Material SelectionMaterial Selection

Central Office HydraulicsCentral Office Hydraulics

Steps for Material SelectionSteps for Material SelectionA.A. Field ReviewField Review

B.B. Culvert HydraulicsCulvert Hydraulics

C.C. Structural StrengthStructural Strength

D.D. Service LifeService Life

E.E. Material AnalysisMaterial Analysis

F.F. Plan AlternatesPlan Alternates

Field ReviewField Review

I.I. Determine pH of the waterDetermine pH of the water

a.a. Use an instrument that is capable of accuracy of Use an instrument that is capable of accuracy of 0.10.1

• Use Figures 1002-2 through 1002-3 Use Figures 1002-2 through 1002-3 only if no flow is only if no flow is presentpresent when performing the field check when performing the field check

Do not use unless there is no flow when performing the site visit.

Field ReviewField Review

II.II. Determine if there is a presence of Determine if there is a presence of abrasive material.abrasive material.

a.a. Abrasive MaterialAbrasive Material – Presence of gravel, stones, – Presence of gravel, stones, or a course sand in the barrel of an existing or a course sand in the barrel of an existing conduit (or in the existing stream bed) that has a conduit (or in the existing stream bed) that has a stream gradient or flow sufficient to cause stream gradient or flow sufficient to cause movement of the abrasive material.movement of the abrasive material.

b.b. Assume abrasive conditions if there is any Assume abrasive conditions if there is any question about the bed material. question about the bed material.

Abrasive ConditionAbrasive Condition

Non-Abrasive ConditionNon-Abrasive Condition

Field ReviewField Review

III.III. Investigate the condition of existing Investigate the condition of existing structures.structures.

a.a. If a replacement structure, look at the existing If a replacement structure, look at the existing structure.structure.

b.b. If a new structure look at any adjacent existing If a new structure look at any adjacent existing structures.structures.

Culvert HydraulicsCulvert Hydraulics

I.I. Use approved methods outlined in the Use approved methods outlined in the Location and Design, Volume 2 ManualLocation and Design, Volume 2 Manual

Structural StrengthStructural Strength

I.I. Structural strength for Metal Conduits (steel Structural strength for Metal Conduits (steel and aluminum)and aluminum)

a.a. Select the gauge thickness and corrugation Select the gauge thickness and corrugation profile that is adequate (based upon fill height).profile that is adequate (based upon fill height).

1.1. Figures 1008-1 through 1008-9 (steel)Figures 1008-1 through 1008-9 (steel)

2.2. Figures 1008-15 through 1008-21 (aluminum) (Figures 1008-15 through 1008-21 (aluminum) (NOT NOT AluminizedAluminized))

Structural StrengthStructural Strength

II.II. Structural Strength for Concrete ConduitsStructural Strength for Concrete Conduits

a.a. Select the D-load that is adequate for structural Select the D-load that is adequate for structural strength (based upon fill height).strength (based upon fill height).

1.1. Figures 1008-10 through 1008-14Figures 1008-10 through 1008-14

1008-10

BEDDING REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE WITH TYPE 2

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE HEIGHT OF COVER FOR

Reference Section1008.2.1

706.02 Pipe-Minimum Test Load to Produce a 0.01-Inch Crack D-Load

Height of Fill (Maximum)

Revised July, 2002

Thick-Pipe 3250300027502500225020001750150012501000nessDia.

InchesInches

464238353128****212464239353128****2.2515464239353128242017*2.518464238353128242017*2.7521454238343127242016*324454138343127242016133.2527454138343127232016123.53044413734302723191612436444137333026231916124.54244403733302623191512548444037332926221915125.55443403633292622191511660433936322925221815116.56643393632292522181411772423935322825211814117.5784239353228252118141188442393532282521181410890423935322825211714108.596423835312824211714108.5102423835312824211714109108423835312824211713109.51144238343127242017131010120413834312724201713910.5126413834312724201613911132413734302723201612912144

Service LifeService Life

I.I. Service life is either 50 or 75 yearsService life is either 50 or 75 years

a.a. Use 50 years as a minimum . Use 50 years as a minimum .

b.b. Use 75 years for high fills (>16’), under Use 75 years for high fills (>16’), under freeways, or where future costs may be high to freeways, or where future costs may be high to replace the structure.replace the structure.

Service LifeService Life

II.II. Durability for Metal ConduitsDurability for Metal Conduits

a.a. Use the obtained pH and abrasiveness Use the obtained pH and abrasiveness observation to determine the gauge thickness.observation to determine the gauge thickness.

b.b. Use figures 1002-5(50) through 1002-6(75) & Use figures 1002-5(50) through 1002-6(75) & the general notes for the figures.the general notes for the figures.

Tables 1002-5(50) & 1002-5(75) Tables 1002-5(50) and 1002-5(75) are based on equations 6 and 8 from the ODOT Location & Design publication 82-1, “Culvert Durability Study” including: A 15-year service life for Bituminous Coating with Invert Paving for culverts 54” and larger. A 25-year service life for Bituminous Coating with Invert Paving for culverts 48” and smaller. A 35-year service life for Aluminium Coating with pH above 5.0 A 50-year service life for Polymeric Coating All base metal must provide a minimum of 10 years of service life. Corrugated aluminium alloy pipe (707.21 and 707.22) and aluminium alloy structural plate pipe (707.23) are acceptable with the minimum thickness required to satisfy cover conditions for all non-abrasive sites with a pH between 5.0 and 9.0 A blank space in the table indicates that a gage, which satisfies the design service life, is not available. Tables 1002-6(50) & 1002-6(75) Tables 1002-6(50) and 1002-6(75) are based on equations 7 and 9 from the ODOT Location & Design publication 82-1, “Culvert Durability Study” including: A 15-year service life for Bituminous Coating with Invert Paving for culverts 54” and larger. A 25-year service life for Bituminous Coating with Invert Paving for culverts 48” and smaller. A 35-year service life for Aluminium Coating with pH above 5.0. A 50-year service life for Polymeric Coating All base metal must provide a minimum of 10 years of service life.

Corrugated aluminium alloy pipe (707.21 and 707.22) with Concrete Field Paving and aluminium alloy structural plate pipe (707.23) with Concrete Field Paving are acceptable with the minimum thickness required to satisfy cover conditions for all abrasive sites with a pH between 5.0 and 9.0 A blank space in the table indicates that a gage, which satisfies the design service life, is not available. Abbreviations and Symbols * Concrete field paving shall be epoxy coated per 706.03 for pH < 5.0 ** Externally coated per AASHTO M243 w/CFP With concrete field paving of invert

Service LifeService Life

III.III. Durability for Concrete ConduitsDurability for Concrete Conduits

a.a. Check for adequate service life based upon the Check for adequate service life based upon the pH, pipe slope, and pipe rise.pH, pipe slope, and pipe rise.

b.b. Use figure 1002-4.Use figure 1002-4.

Material AnalysisMaterial Analysis

I.I. For metal conduit, choose the higher gauge For metal conduit, choose the higher gauge thickness from the structural design, or the thickness from the structural design, or the durability analysis.durability analysis.

a.a. When durability thickness is higher than When durability thickness is higher than structural thickness, provide the 1-inch structural thickness, provide the 1-inch corrugation profile for pipe diameters over 48 corrugation profile for pipe diameters over 48 inches.inches.

Plan AlternatesPlan Alternates

I.I. Place all available material options in the plan Place all available material options in the plan (all metal alternatives and concrete).(all metal alternatives and concrete).

a.a. In some cases, only one material may be In some cases, only one material may be specified in the plan:specified in the plan:

i.i. If the outlet velocity in a concrete pipe requires a ring If the outlet velocity in a concrete pipe requires a ring chamber and the velocity of the metal alternative is chamber and the velocity of the metal alternative is below 20fps, then metal may be used exclusively.below 20fps, then metal may be used exclusively.

ii.ii. When encountering excessive cover for a concrete When encountering excessive cover for a concrete pipe.pipe.

Plan AlternatesPlan Alternates

iii.iii. Where a larger corrugated metal pipe would require a Where a larger corrugated metal pipe would require a higher pavement grade to satisfy minimum cover higher pavement grade to satisfy minimum cover requirements, concrete may be used exclusively.requirements, concrete may be used exclusively.

iv.iv. Where a metal pipe arch is required hydraulically and a Where a metal pipe arch is required hydraulically and a round concrete pipe would work, concrete may be used round concrete pipe would work, concrete may be used exclusively.exclusively.

b.b. Do not need to specify minimum D-loads or Do not need to specify minimum D-loads or minimum gauge thicknesses in the item call-out.minimum gauge thicknesses in the item call-out.

Plan AlternatesPlan Alternates

II.II. Show the following in the plan: Show the following in the plan:

a.a. D-load or gauge thickness if it is above the minimum D-load or gauge thickness if it is above the minimum shown in the specifications.shown in the specifications.

b.b. The conduit shown in the plans should be the longest The conduit shown in the plans should be the longest length pipe (the smallest diameter).length pipe (the smallest diameter).

c.c. Hydraulic Design InformationHydraulic Design Information

d.d. Other information (see L&D, Vol. 3, Section 1312.2)Other information (see L&D, Vol. 3, Section 1312.2)

Example ProblemExample ProblemGiven:Given:

• Hydraulic design requires 96 inch corrugated or 90 Hydraulic design requires 96 inch corrugated or 90 inch smooth linedinch smooth lined

• Outlet velocities:Outlet velocities:

• Corrugated: V=17.0 fps & Smooth lined: V=21.0 fpsCorrugated: V=17.0 fps & Smooth lined: V=21.0 fps

• Height of cover = 18 feetHeight of cover = 18 feet

• Under a new alignment (minor state route)Under a new alignment (minor state route)

• pH was measured and found to be 7.5pH was measured and found to be 7.5

Design ExampleDesign Example

Photo from creek:

Is this Abrasive?

Example Problem Example Problem Select the appropriate design alternatives.Select the appropriate design alternatives.

A.A. As per L&D, we will exclude concrete conduit in the design due As per L&D, we will exclude concrete conduit in the design due to the velocity of 21 fps.to the velocity of 21 fps.

C.C. Durability DesignDurability Design

a.a. Site was determined to be Site was determined to be abrasiveabrasive in nature in nature

b.b. A design service life of A design service life of 75 years75 years will be used due to the high fill will be used due to the high fill height.height.

c.c. Use Figure 1002-6(75) for the durability designUse Figure 1002-6(75) for the durability design

Example Problem Example Problem D.D. Options from figure & notes are:Options from figure & notes are:

A.A. 10 gauge 707.02 Aluminum Coated10 gauge 707.02 Aluminum Coated

B.B. 12 gauge 707.07 Aluminized & Asphalt Coated & Paved12 gauge 707.07 Aluminized & Asphalt Coated & Paved

C.C. 14 gauge 707.04 Polymer Coated with 1” corrugations14 gauge 707.04 Polymer Coated with 1” corrugations

D.D. 16 gauge 707.04 Polymer Coated & Asphalt Coated & Paved16 gauge 707.04 Polymer Coated & Asphalt Coated & Paved

E.E. 16 gauge 707.02 with Concrete Field Paving16 gauge 707.02 with Concrete Field Paving

F.F. 1 gauge 707.031 gauge 707.03

G.G. 12 gauge 707.03 with Concrete Field Paving12 gauge 707.03 with Concrete Field Paving

H.H. 707.22 (aluminum pipe) with Concrete Field Paving707.22 (aluminum pipe) with Concrete Field Paving

I.I. 707.23 (aluminum structural plate) with Concrete Field Paving707.23 (aluminum structural plate) with Concrete Field Paving

Example ProblemExample Problem

E.E. Structural Design of Metal ConduitStructural Design of Metal Conduit

a.a. Use Figure 1008-1 & 1008-3 to check for Use Figure 1008-1 & 1008-3 to check for maximum height of cover:maximum height of cover:

Example ProblemExample Problemb.b. A gauge thickness of 0.064 (16 gauge) will be satisfactory A gauge thickness of 0.064 (16 gauge) will be satisfactory

up to a fill height of 31 feet for all steel options except for up to a fill height of 31 feet for all steel options except for 707.03 (structural plate).707.03 (structural plate).

c.c. A gauge thickness of 0.109 (12 gauge) will be satisfactory A gauge thickness of 0.109 (12 gauge) will be satisfactory up to a fill height of 29 feet for steel structural plate.up to a fill height of 29 feet for steel structural plate.

d.d. A thickness of 0.105 (the minimum for this size) will be A thickness of 0.105 (the minimum for this size) will be satisfactory up to a fill height of 20 feet for aluminum pipe.satisfactory up to a fill height of 20 feet for aluminum pipe.

e.e. A thickness of 0.100 (the minimum for this size) will be A thickness of 0.100 (the minimum for this size) will be satisfactory up to a fill height of 20 feet for aluminum satisfactory up to a fill height of 20 feet for aluminum structural plate.structural plate.

Example ProblemExample Problem

F.F. Specifying in the PlanSpecifying in the Plan

a.a. Specify the alternative as per L&D, Volume 3, Section Specify the alternative as per L&D, Volume 3, Section 1312.3.1312.3.

b.b. For this example it would be as follows:For this example it would be as follows:

a.a. 603 – 180 L.F. 96” Conduit, Type A 707.02 (0.138) 603 – 180 L.F. 96” Conduit, Type A 707.02 (0.138) Aluminized, 707.02 with CFP, 707.03 (0.280), 707.03 with Aluminized, 707.02 with CFP, 707.03 (0.280), 707.03 with CFP, 707.04 (1”) (0.079) Polymer Coated, 707.04 (1”) CFP, 707.04 (1”) (0.079) Polymer Coated, 707.04 (1”) Polymer Coated Asphalt Coated and Paved, 707.07 (0.109) Polymer Coated Asphalt Coated and Paved, 707.07 (0.109) Aluminized Asphalt Coated and Paved, 707.22 with CFP, Aluminized Asphalt Coated and Paved, 707.22 with CFP, 707.23 with CFP 707.23 with CFP

Questions ?Questions ?