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CuPillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50μm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology CuPillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50μm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai, Ph.D. SV Probe Todd Tsao ASE Global

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Page 1: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical 

Probe Card Technology

Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical 

Probe Card Technology

Senthil Theppakuttai, Ph.D.SV Probe

Todd TsaoASE Global

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OutlineOutline

• Introduction to Fine Pitch Copper Pillar Bumps

• Testing/Probing Requirements

• Test Vehicle Design

• Probe Card Challenges

• Test Data

• Summary

• Future Work

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IntroductionIntroduction• Next Generation Flip Chip Interconnects

– 2.5, 3D Integration Process

• Electroplated Copper Pillars with Solder Caps

• Advantages– Fine Pitch Capability

– Increased I/O Density

– Improved Electrical & Thermal Performance• Superior Electro‐Migration

– Higher Reliability at Lower Cost

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Memory

Processor

Copper pillar/post(< 50 um pitch)

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Testing/Probing challengesTesting/Probing challenges

• Copper Pillar Bump Testing/Probing Challenges– P/C Availability at 50µm & Below in Array Configuration

– Small Bump Diameter• Need Very Low Probing Force

• Need Very Good Tip Alignment

– Need Probe Compliance to Accommodate Bump to Bump Variation Across Wafer

– Bump Material: Lead‐free Solder

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Page 6: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

Goals/ObjectiveGoals/Objective• Evaluation Objective/Scope

– Probe Card Feasibility at 50µm Array

– Copper Pillar Bump Probing Evaluation• Bump Damage Assessment

• Electrical, Thermal & Mechanical Characterization

• Post Wafer Probing Tests for Reliability

• Test Equipment– Test Chip Designed by ASE

– LT50 Probe Card by SV Probe

– P‐12 XLn Prober, HP93000 Tester

– Microscope, SEM, Veeco Profilometer

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Equipment Utilized

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DockingDockingProberProber TesterTester

SEMSEM VeecoVeeco

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Test Chip DesignTest Chip Design• Test Chip Design Details

– 50µm Pitch

– Array Configuration, 4 Groups, 500 Points Total

– Daisy‐chain Resistance Measurement

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Optical PictureOptical PictureArray LayoutArray Layout

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Cu‐Pillar Structure

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Side ViewSide View

Initial Bump Height : ~25 +/‐3µmInitial Bump Height : ~25 +/‐3µm

25µm2525µµmm

25µm2525µµmmCu‐Pillar

Pb‐Free Bump

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LogicTouchTM Vertical Probing TechnologyLogicTouchTM Vertical Probing Technology

1. Probes2. Space Transformer (MST)3. PCB

1.1. ProbesProbes2.2. Space Transformer (MST)Space Transformer (MST)3.3. PCBPCB

– Technology Capable of Probing 50µm Arrays– Technology Scalable to 40µm Pitch

222333

111

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PROBE CARD CHALLENGESPROBE CARD CHALLENGES

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Scalability ChallengesScalability Challenges• Space Transformer Availability at 50µm Pitch Array

– Based on Standard Thin Film Technology Capability, Difficult to Achieve Escapement Required for Routing 

– Need Pad on Via at Pitch & Hence MLC/MLO not Feasible for Array Configurations at 50µm Pitch

– New Type of Interconnect was Developed Internally – the Modular Space Transformer or MSTTM

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MST™MSTMST™™

PCBPCBPCB

PHPHPH

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Scalability ChallengesScalability Challenges• Guide Plate Wall Strength

– Reduced Wall Strength due to Reduced Wall Thickness due to the Spatial Constraints at 50µm Pitch

– Probes Designed to Minimize Loading on Guide Plate (FEA)

– Stress/Life Tests at Max OT to Ensure Wall Integrity

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Lower Guide PlateLower Guide PlateLower Guide Plate

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Guide Plate ReflectivityGuide Plate Reflectivity

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Control SampleControl Control SampleSample

AR SurfaceAR AR 

SurfaceSurface

P‐12 Prober Pictures: High Mag, Light Level 120, Focused 7‐8 mils above Die SurfaceP‐12 Prober Pictures: High Mag, Light Level 120, Focused 7‐8 mils above Die Surface

Veeco Reflectivity MeasurementVeeco Reflectivity Measurement

P‐12 ProberP‐12 Prober

• The MEMS Guide‐plates Used in LT50 Probe Cards have a Smooth & Polished Surface Finish– Lighting Adjustments may be Required During Probe Card 

Setup at PCA & Prober• Various Anti‐reflective Surface Treatments were 

Evaluated to Reduce Normal Reflection– Surface Scattering (Textured/Engineered Surface)– Interference (Thin Films/Coatings)

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PROBE CARD DATAPROBE CARD DATA

1515

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Probe ForceProbe Force• Contact Force of 2.5 gf @ 50µm OT

• Preferred Bump Probing OT  25 to 40µm– Minimize Bump Damage

– Accommodate Bump Co‐planarity Across Wafer

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Page 17: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

Tip AlignmentTip Alignment

• Probe Tip Alignment – 0.3 mil Radial

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Page 18: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

PlanarityPlanarity

• Probe Planarity 0.45 mil (12µm)

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Page 19: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

Resistance on GoldResistance on Gold

• Max Total Resistance is 3.2 Ohms (includes Cres& Path Resistance through PH, MST & PCB)

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Page 20: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

COPPER PILLAR BUMP PROBINGCOPPER PILLAR BUMP PROBING

2020

Page 21: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

Test MethodTest Method

25µm25µm25 µm

Si

25µm25µm

In Out

Daisy Chain Bump Structure

Page 22: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

Probe MarkProbe Mark

Before Contact After Contact

*Over‐Drive: 40µm# probing: 2 TDs

Probe Mark Area Under 30%

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Tests in ProcessTests in Process• Electrical Tests

– Cres, Leakage Characterization vs. OT, # TD

• Mechanical – Probe Mark Size Characterization  vs. OT, # TD

– Bump Damage Assessment vs. OT, # TD

• Thermal– Effect of Temperature (Hot, Room & Cold) on: 

• Probe Card Performance (e.g. Cres Stability, Cleaning etc.)

• Probe Mark / Bump Damage

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Page 24: Cu Pillar Bump a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card ...€¦ · Cu‐Pillar Bump Probing: Utilizing a 50µm Pitch Fine Pitch Vertical Probe Card Technology Senthil Theppakuttai,

Summary / ConclusionSummary / Conclusion• To Address Test Challenges Associated with Fine Pitch Copper 

Pillar Bump Probing– A Test Chip with 25µm Pillar Bumps at 50µm Pitch Array was Designed & 

Fabricated

– An LT50 Probe Card at 50µm Pitch Array was Built with SV Probe’s Proprietary ST Technology

• Test / Evaluation– Good Probe Card Tip Alignment & Planarity 

– Max Total Resistance through P/C Including MST was 3.2 Ohms

– P/C Passed Opens/Shorts Test on Copper Pillar Bumps

– Probe Mark was < 30% of Bump Area at 40µm OT at 2 TDs

• Successful Collaboration between ASE & SV Probe & the Preliminary  Evaluation Results to Date have been Positive

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