CS 350Chapter-6

A brief history of TCP/IP

1983 TCP/IP came to ARPAnet

ARPAnet and MILNET dissolved in 1990

BSD UNIX

TCP/IP and the DoD Model

Process/Application

Host-to-Host

Internet

Network Access

The Application Layer Protocols

Telnet

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

Network File System (NFS)

The Application Layer Protocols

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Post Office Protocol (POP)

Internet Message Access Protocol, Version 4(IMAP4)

Transport Layer Security (TLS)

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (VOIP)

Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) (VOIP)

The Application Layer Protocols

Line Printer Daemon (LPD) -- printer

Line Printer Remote(LPR) -- client

X Window

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

Secure Shell (SSH)

Hyper Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Hyper Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)

The Application Layer Protocols

Network Time Protocol (NTP)

Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

Secure Copy Protocol (SCP)

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)

Domain Name Service (DNS)

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

The Host-to-Host Layer Protocols

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Source port (16 bits) Destination Port (16 bits)

Sequence number (32)

Acknowledge number (32)

Header length(

4)

Reserved (6)

Code Bits (6)

Window (16)

Checksum (16) Urgent (16)

Options (0 or 32 if any)

Data (varies)

The Host-to-Host Layer Protocols

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

Source port (16 bits) Destination Port (16 bits)

Length (16) Checksum(16)

Data (if any)

The Host-to-Host Layer ProtocolsTCP UDP

Sequenced Unsequenced

Reliable Unreliable

Connection-oriented Connectionless

Virtual circuit No virtual circuit

High overhead Low overhead

Acknowledgements No acknowledgements

Windowing flow control No Windowing or flow control

Port Number

TCP UDP

Telnet 23 SNMP 161

SMTP 25 TFTP 69

HTTP 80 DNS 53

FTP 20, 21 BOOTPS/DHCP 67

DNS 53

HTTPS 443

SSH 22

The Internet Layer Protocols

Internet Protocol (IP)

Version(4)

Header Length

(4)

Priority and Type of Service(8)

Total Length(16 bits)

Identification (16) Flags(3)

Fragment offset (13)

Time to Live (8) Protocol (8) Header Checksum (16)

Source IP Address (32)

Destination IP Address (32)

Options (0 or 32 if any)

Data (varies if any)

Internet Control Message Protocol

(ICMP)CharacteristicsProvide hosts with network problem information

Encapsulated in IP datagrams

ICMP messagesDestination Unreachable

Buffer full

Hops – reach hop number

Ping – check connectivity

Traceroute – discover the path

ARP and RARP

Data Encapsulation

Data transmission

Address in layers