crustaceans. phylum names kingdom: animalia phylum: arthropoda organisms with segmented bodies,...
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Crustaceans
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Phylum Names
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda organisms with segmented bodies, jointed legs or wings, and an external skeleton
Subphylum: Crustacea
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Common Names
Crustaceans include many common seafood such as:
CrabsShrimpLobster
And other common aquatic life such asBarnaclesCrayfish
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Giant Isopod Japanese Spider Crab
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General Characteristics
-Nearly all aquatico Few can live on land, such as hermit crabs
-Ranges in size from microscopic to very large -All are mainly free-living, some can be parasitic-Many move by swimming
o Some are sessile such as barnacles o Microscopic ones simply move by current such as krill
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Anatomy and Body Form
• 3 Parts: Head, Thorax, Abdomen. Head + Thorax = Cephalothorax
• Exoskeleton - hard outer covering that protects the organism, molts for growth.o molting - shed previous exoskeleton, new and larger
exoskeleton is formed
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Anatomy and Body Form
• Mandible - hard, short, hefty projections on each side of the mouth. used for biting and chewing food
• Maxillae - projections that hold food• Gills - gas exchange because aquatic• Antenna - 2, project out of head for sense and taste• Antenal glands - 2, large, inside head to take out
metabolic wastes from bodily fluids, excreted through base of antenna
• Statocysts- organ that senses gravity
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Anatomy and Body Form
• Carapace- shield that covers the entire body, tough chitin• Chelipeds - pinchers• Swimmerets - small paddles on the underside of the
abdomen that are used for movement and holding eggs in females
• Compound Eyes - adults, little eyes inside a larger cavity, important for detecting movement
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Gas Exchanges/ Secretions
• Gills for taking oxygen out of water and air• Chitin secreted through epidermis for exoskeleton molting
o old exoskeleton isn't removed until the new exoskeleton is fully formed
• Simple excretory organs for waste such as urea and ammonia
• Antenal glands for excreting metabolic waste through base of antenna
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Feeding Practices
• many appendages for feedingo mandible, maxilla, chelipeds, antenna
• vary widelyo filter feeders, scavengers, or predators
• Filter feeder - take out organic matter from water• Scavenger - scraps of dead organisms• Predator - mollusks• Parasites - small crustaceans on or inside fish
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Super cute!
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Response to Stimuli
• Possess a brain, ventral nerve cord, and well developed sense organs.o Can sense and react to a variety of stimuli.
• Capable of feeling pain as well as stress, and will react to negative stimuli.
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Reproduction
• Most reproduce sexually through eggs.o Most are separate sexes, few are hermaphroditeso Some reproduce asexually
• Female eggs are carried on the body. o Eggs will develop and hatch after fertilization
• Larvae undergoes a series of transformations to become an adult.o They grow by molting.
• Some can change sex during their life