CRUSADESCRUSADES

REQUEST OF HELPREQUEST OF HELP

1093 AD– Alexius Comnenus

sent letter to Robert, Count of Flanders

– Asked for help against Muslim Turks

• Threatening Constantinople

– Pope Urban II read the letter

• Council of Clermont

• Urban II preached about importance of Crusades

CRUSADESCRUSADES

Holy War - 4 main warsGoals

1. Gain control of Jerusalem and Holy Land

2. Rid of Muslim ControlLasted 200 yrs - 50,000-60,000

soldiersIf you die, you go to heaven

“God wills it”

Economic and Religious motives

11STST CRUSADE CRUSADE

1095 – 1099

• Against Seljuk Turks

• Defended Constantinople

• Gained control of Jerusalem

• Crusader States est.

• Kingdom of Jerusalem est.

22NDND CRUSADE CRUSADE

1145-1149

• Muslims conquered Edessa

• Crusaders attacked Damascus

–Failed

• Muslims gain more control in Holy Land

• 1187 – Muslims capture Jerusalem

33RDRD CRUSADE CRUSADE1189-1192

King’s Crusade

–Phillip Augustus – France

–Frederick I - Holy Roman (drowned)

–Richard the Lion Hearted - England

Phillip and Richard argued

–Phillip went home

RICHARD THE LIONHEARTEDRICHARD THE LIONHEARTED

Charming and ruthless

City of Acre (Muslim control)

– Attacked the city

– Slaughtered ALL

– Saladin (leader) watched from hillside

SALADINSALADIN

Leader of Muslims

• Honest and Brave

In control of Jerusalem

Held off Richard and the 3rd Crusade

Remained on control of Jerusalem

44THTH CRUSADE CRUSADE1201-1204 AD

• Pope Innocent III called for capture of Jerusalem

• Recruited Italian and Byzantine leaders

Venetians gained control of Crusade

–Attacked Christian city of Zadar

• Sacked Constantinople

LATER CRUSADESLATER CRUSADES10 Crusades total

Spanish CrusadeReconquista

• Effort to drive out Muslim control

– Muslim rule fell in 1492

– Isabella and Ferdinand in power

Spanish Inquisition

–tortured Heretics (Muslims/Jews)

–Expelled all Muslims and Jews

Juden Hunt

EFFECTS OF CRUSADESEFFECTS OF CRUSADESLessened the power of the Pope

Weakened the Nobility

Thousands of Kings lost lives and Fortunes

Increased trade between Europe and Asia

Developed Muslim hatred towards Christians

SHORT ANSWERSSHORT ANSWERS

1. What did the Christians truly gain out of the Crusades?

2. How does the hatred developed effect our society today?

• Muslims and Christians

• Jews and Christians

Q&AQ&A1. What were the two main goals of the

Crusades?

2. Why did you automatically go to heaven if you died fighting?

3. What was the results of the 4 main Crusades?

4. What was the 3rd Crusade nicknamed, why?

5. Why would Richard the Lionhearted be considered ruthless?

6. What were the 5 effects of the Crusades?