criminal liability and the essence of crime charles l. feer, jd, mpa bakersfield college department...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Criminal Liability and Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crimethe Essence of Crime
Charles L. Feer, JD, MPACharles L. Feer, JD, MPA
Bakersfield CollegeBakersfield College
Department of Criminal Department of Criminal JusticeJustice
![Page 2: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Presumption of Presumption of Innocence Innocence
A defendant is A defendant is presumedpresumed innocent until innocent until the government proves every essential the government proves every essential elementelement beyond a beyond a reasonable doubtreasonable doubt..
Jury InstructionsJury Instructions – correct principles of – correct principles of law to apply to the facts of the case.law to apply to the facts of the case.
I.e. Defendant is not required to prove I.e. Defendant is not required to prove himself innocent or to prove that any himself innocent or to prove that any other person committed the crime other person committed the crime charged.charged.
![Page 3: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Adversarial SystemAdversarial System
Trial by OrdealTrial by Ordeal Devine InterventionDevine Intervention
Trial by CombatTrial by Combat Modernly Modernly
Judge acts as a refereeJudge acts as a referee Truth is the ultimate goal of a trialTruth is the ultimate goal of a trial Truth is realized by effective debate over Truth is realized by effective debate over
the merits of opposing perspectives.the merits of opposing perspectives.
![Page 4: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Behavior of AttorneysBehavior of Attorneys
Ethical CodesEthical Codes Codes of Professional ResponsibilityCodes of Professional Responsibility
![Page 5: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Standards of ProofStandards of Proof
Mere HunchMere Hunch Reasonable SuspicionReasonable Suspicion Probable CauseProbable Cause Preponderance of Evidence (51%)Preponderance of Evidence (51%) Clear and Convincing EvidenceClear and Convincing Evidence Beyond a Reasonable DoubtBeyond a Reasonable Doubt Absolute Certainty Absolute Certainty
![Page 6: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Reasonable DoubtReasonable Doubt
An actual or substantial doubt arising An actual or substantial doubt arising from the evidence, from the facts or from the evidence, from the facts or circumstances shown by the circumstances shown by the evidence, or from a lack of evidence.evidence, or from a lack of evidence.
![Page 7: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Criminal LiabilityCriminal Liability
Degree of BlameworthinessDegree of Blameworthiness Penalties prescribed by law.Penalties prescribed by law.
Sentences: Low, Middle, Max. TermSentences: Low, Middle, Max. Term Circumstances in Mitigation and AggrevationCircumstances in Mitigation and Aggrevation
![Page 8: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Seven Elements of a Crime
Harm
![Page 9: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Seven Elements of a Crime
HarmLegality
![Page 10: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Seven Elements of a Crime
Actus reus
HarmLegality
![Page 11: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Seven Elements of a Crime
Actus reus
HarmLegality
Mens rea
![Page 12: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Seven Elements of a Crime
Actus reus
HarmLegality
Mens reaCausation
![Page 13: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Seven Elements of a Crime
Actus reus
HarmLegality
Mens rea
Concurrence
Causation
![Page 14: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Seven Elements of a Crime
Actus reus
HarmLegality
Mens rea
Punishment
Concurrence
Causation
![Page 15: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Essence of CrimeThe Essence of Crime
Criminal Act – Actus ReusCriminal Act – Actus Reus Culpable Mental State – Mens ReaCulpable Mental State – Mens Rea Concurrence – the act and the Concurrence – the act and the
mental state occur together.mental state occur together.
![Page 16: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Actus ReusActus Reus
Failure to actFailure to act is a crime only in is a crime only in situations where the person is situations where the person is required by law to do something. required by law to do something.
ThreateningThreatening to act may be a crime. to act may be a crime.
![Page 17: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Mens ReaMens Rea
A guilty mindA guilty mind A wrongful purposeA wrongful purpose Criminal IntentCriminal Intent
General IntentGeneral Intent Specific IntentSpecific Intent Strict LiabilityStrict Liability Criminal NegligenceCriminal Negligence
![Page 18: Criminal Liability and the Essence of Crime Charles L. Feer, JD, MPA Bakersfield College Department of Criminal Justice](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082611/56649e2b5503460f94b18e75/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
MotiveMotive
Never an Element of a crime.Never an Element of a crime. Helps in the investigation (who done Helps in the investigation (who done
it – Why?)it – Why?)