Tapani Frantsi2011

Creativity in innovation processes

Approaches & methods

Tapani Frantsi D.sc. (econ.) 2012

Tapani Frantsi

Outline

· Creativity as individual, group and organizational domain

· Creativity methods

2011

Tapani Frantsi

Creativity

2011

Creativity is theability to produce work, that is

Novel

Original Unexpected

Stenberg R.J.

Appropriate

Useful Adaptive/task constrains

Tapani Frantsi2011

Individual creativity

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Cognitive theory of human creativity

Cognitive scheme New cognitive scheme

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Gardner’s theory of intelligences

2011

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Three components of individual creativity

2011

Creative thinking skills

Motivation and self-efficacy

Expertise

Amabile T.M.1999, Bandura 1997

Creativity

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Three levels of hindering,blocking and killing ideas

2011

Individual conscious

Individual un-consious

Social, organizational, network ?

?

?

Discuss based on yourexperience and list some

on each level

Tapani Frantsi2011

Group climate and creativenessQuite much In some

extendIn some extend

Quite much

Individual contribution

Loafing

Free Strained, tense

Playful Sober

Active Reserved

Tolerating Controlling

Courageous, bold

Fearful, wary

Collaborative Competitive

Tapani Frantsi2011

Methods in practice

Knowing testing and practicing some of the methods

Awareness and use of IGT

Attribute listing

Brainstorming

Brainwriting etc.

Heuristic idea gen.

Lateral thinking

Morphological analysis

Mind mapping

Normal group

Product checklists

Synectics

Other

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

UsedAware

Coates, Cook & Robinson (1999)

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Use of methods (Swiss study)

Source: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology 2003

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Interplay of divergence and convergence

2011

Ideation process in a dynamicInterplay of divergent and convergent sequences (periods, phases).

Funnel is one of the metaphors: tunnel, tube, wave etc. The design model (picture) classifies this in a quite closed and rational way:1. Brainstorming2. Concept phase 3. FinalizationIt also uses term freeze after the concept sequence.

Tapani Frantsi2011

Brainwriting Simplified 6-3-5Group of six personsThree ideas per round5 minutes ideation/round

RotationBetween groupsAdvantages?

BrainWriting Emample

List some earlier succeeded or failed trials to solve the case Some promising ideas or technologies. Might not yet be mature to be implemented

Lead users might be interested in…Paradoxal ideas or solutions. Turn it totally round.

Instuctions:

case Raute inc.

2011

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Six Hats

Facts

Risc view4.

Optimistic view

5.

Feelings

6.

Priorities Opportunities

1.

2.

3.

Group goes through all the steps in numbered order. Documentation by one or two notekeeper or by everyone

Synectic thinking is the process of discovering the links that unite seemingly disconnected elements.

Synectics Definition

· Creative discovery comes from analogical and metaphorical thinking, the process of linking unlike subjects.

· You must create VISUAL analogies and metaphors.

Thinking to Connect

· Analogical thinking is a comparison between two things that are similar in some respects, often used to help explain something or make it easier to understand.

· Metaphorical thinking is when one thing is used or considered to represent another

Tapani Frantsi2011

Synectics as process

Problem as given(client)

Analyses and problem definition- background

Pre ideas, promising goals

Selected (one) pre idea forRefining circle

Possiblesolutions

Idea refining circle

Viewpoint

Ecscursions- Direct analogy- Methaphors ”force

fit”

Crazy solutions

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Different modelles· Expand· Minimize…· Take it to pieces· Compine· Recover..· Turn it upside down

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Distance taking

– Time– Space– Branch– Language– Technology– Type of organisation– History– People

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Practice/test 20 min

· Method groups 1. Brain writing

1. Open questions2. 3-6-5 at least one

round3. analyses

2. Six hats 1-6 steps3. Lateral thinking

4. Synectics process1. Problem as given2. Problem analyses3. Direct analogy4. Excursion5. Crazy solutions 6. Force fit 7. Possible solutions

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Idea categorizing· Time

– Road maps· Priorities· Verifying

– Two scale models

· Constructions· Modelling· Strategy models

– Four fields– profiles

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Innosession method

2009 Masters & Mentors

Innosession

Problem Insight ofresearch &

practice

Spanning weak ties

Ideation on individual & group basis

Innovativesolutions

Knowledge

CreationBridge

Focus

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Extended process model: innovation session

Intro Definition EvaluationConnecting &sorting

Warm upConceptsModels

Inputs

Feeds

QuestioningIdeation rounds

Ideation rounds

Excursions

Provocations

Questioning

Inputs

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Innosession process

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Innovation session elements1. Pre-sessions and warm up functions2. Group setting

• Max 6, arranged• Same open space for all of groups • Own facilitator in each group• Brokerage function

3. Situational factors for smooth flow of thoughts • Facilities • Timing of activities• Variation of preassure and relaxation• Action

4. Flexibility • Improvised actioins• Planned provocations

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Role definition in innovation session processTask Head facilitator

creativity operatorBroker producer Session broker Expert Documenter Research

er

Main role -Pre-session - Session design

-connecting, bridging partners-meta knowledge contribution-Expert casting-Innovation system view

-Facilitates ones own group-Group leading skills-Cooperates with creativity operator

-expertise contribution-Net-working- post-session

Random documentation and post documentation-

Expetise in innovation systems

Activities before sessioni

Pre-sessionMethdod selection and session design/plan

-most of the preparation

Pre-sessions Expert casting

Duties during the session

-instructions and facilitating during the day

facilitator Stimulation -documentation

Duities after the session

diaryDocumentation checks

-reporting and post sessions

DiaryComplimentary documentation

report

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Innosession model

Business opportunity

Feasibility

Scenarios Future stories => postulated development of events -2030

Scenario 1: Rapid Energy Price Increase6 groups ABCDEF (English only)

Scenario 2: Moderate Energy Price Increase4 groups G,H,I,J English only

Four field conclusion· Discuss each field and

select idea stickers for it

· Go through each field and place stickers

· Do it together !· Be active!

– use stickers– place them on the board

2009

Save the World!

Means of controlBusiness ideas

Radicalideas

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Evaluation criteria

· Creativity– Idea fluency = quantity of produced items– Flexibility – how ideas differentiate – diversity rate – Originality , novelty of ideas and concepts– Unexpected results

· New connections and spanned distances– New contacts and networks

· Motivation and self-efficacy level for further development · Innovation capability

– Raised interest