A SEMINARA SEMINARONON

CRDI SYSTEMCRDI SYSTEM

Submit to Made bySubmit to Made byRahul Sharma Sir Yogendra SinghRahul Sharma Sir Yogendra Singh

INDEXINDEX

IntroductionIntroduction PrinciplePrinciple WorkingWorking HistoryHistory FeaturesFeatures Scope for further developmentScope for further development AdvantagesAdvantages ConclusionConclusion ReferenceReference

IntroductionIntroduction On diesel engines, it features a high-On diesel engines, it features a high-pressurepressure

(over 1,000 (over 1,000 barbar), as opposed to a low-pressure ), as opposed to a low-pressure fuel pumpfuel pump feeding feeding unit injectorsunit injectors..

Third-generation common rail diesels now Third-generation common rail diesels now feature piezoelectric injectors for increased feature piezoelectric injectors for increased precision, with fuel pressures up to 3,000 bar.precision, with fuel pressures up to 3,000 bar.

The Diesel engines have also undergone a sea The Diesel engines have also undergone a sea change from the time Rudolf Diesel invented it change from the time Rudolf Diesel invented it way back in 1892.way back in 1892.

Today Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) is Today Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) is the order of the day.the order of the day.

CRDI SystemCRDI System

PRINCIPLEPRINCIPLE

Unlike in conventional diesel engines, the Unlike in conventional diesel engines, the fuel is fed into the common tube or rail and fuel is fed into the common tube or rail and high pressure is maintained.high pressure is maintained.

This allows fuel to combine with air much This allows fuel to combine with air much more efficiently.more efficiently.

It features high-pressure fuel rail feeding It features high-pressure fuel rail feeding individual solenoid valves as opposed to individual solenoid valves as opposed to low-pressure fuel pump feeding injectors.low-pressure fuel pump feeding injectors.

CRDI with ECUCRDI with ECU

CRDI with ECUCRDI with ECU Solenoid or piezoelectric valves make possible fine Solenoid or piezoelectric valves make possible fine

electronic control over the fuel injection time and electronic control over the fuel injection time and quantity.quantity.

Higher pressure that the common rail technology Higher pressure that the common rail technology makes available provides better fuel atomisation.makes available provides better fuel atomisation.

To lower engine noise, the engine's electronic control To lower engine noise, the engine's electronic control unit can inject a small amount of diesel just before the unit can inject a small amount of diesel just before the main injection event ("pilot" injection).main injection event ("pilot" injection).

Reducing its explosiveness and vibration, as well as Reducing its explosiveness and vibration, as well as optimising injection timing and quantity for variations in optimising injection timing and quantity for variations in fuel quality, cold starting. fuel quality, cold starting.

Direct injectorDirect injector

Spiral-shaped intake portSpiral-shaped intake port

Integrated portIntegrated port

Air flow meteringAir flow metering

Multiple Pilot injection and Post injectionMultiple Pilot injection and Post injection

Powerful MicrocomputerPowerful Microcomputer

Newly-developed catalytic converters Newly-developed catalytic converters

Reduced noise levelsReduced noise levels

FeaturesFeatures

Direct InjectorDirect Injector

The fuel injectors are typically ECU-controlled The fuel injectors are typically ECU-controlled A fuel injector is nothing but an electronically controlled A fuel injector is nothing but an electronically controlled

valve. valve. When the fuel injectors are When the fuel injectors are electrically activated, a hydraulic electrically activated, a hydraulic valve (consisting of a nozzle andvalve (consisting of a nozzle and plunger) is mechanically or plunger) is mechanically or hydraulically opened and fuelhydraulically opened and fuel is sprayed into the cylinders at the is sprayed into the cylinders at the desired pressure desired pressure

Spiral Shaped Intake PortSpiral Shaped Intake Port

It provides –It provides – Optimum swirl Optimum swirl

and even distribution and even distribution of fuel.of fuel.

Integrated PortIntegrated Port

Integrated port is used for exhaust gas Integrated port is used for exhaust gas recycling. There are three advantages to recycling. There are three advantages to this systemthis system

• eliminates external pipes which are eliminates external pipes which are subject to vibrationsubject to vibration

• quicker engine warm-upquicker engine warm-up• better combustion.better combustion.

Air Flow MeteringAir Flow Metering

It gives It gives exact analysis of the air-mass that exact analysis of the air-mass that is being taken in. is being taken in.

Due to this metering system, the Due to this metering system, the microcomputer that controls engine timing microcomputer that controls engine timing receives precise data. receives precise data.

Multiple Pilot Injection and Post Multiple Pilot Injection and Post InjectionInjection

Pilot injections is small doses of fuel made Pilot injections is small doses of fuel made prior to the main injection which help to prior to the main injection which help to smoothen the sharp combustion smoothen the sharp combustion character.character.

Post injection is a similarly small dose of Post injection is a similarly small dose of fuel injected after the main injection to fuel injected after the main injection to reduce particulates.reduce particulates.

Powerful MicrocomputerPowerful Microcomputer

The microcomputer regulates the amount The microcomputer regulates the amount of time the valves stay open and thus the of time the valves stay open and thus the amount of fuel injected, depending on amount of fuel injected, depending on operating conditions and how much output operating conditions and how much output is needed. is needed.

Newly Developed Catalytic ConvertersNewly Developed Catalytic Converters

Besides electronically-controlled exhaust-Besides electronically-controlled exhaust-gas recycling which contributes to lower gas recycling which contributes to lower nitrous oxidenitrous oxide emissions, CRDI engines are emissions, CRDI engines are equipped with catalytic converters near equipped with catalytic converters near the motor and emission control devices on the motor and emission control devices on the underbody. These vouch for a high the underbody. These vouch for a high degree of efficiency.degree of efficiency.

Reduced Noise LevelReduced Noise Level

There is no mechanical device is using in There is no mechanical device is using in this technology so the noise and vibration this technology so the noise and vibration

produced by produced by the system is comparatively low.the system is comparatively low.

The Electronic control and multiple The Electronic control and multiple injections reduced noise to a great extent.injections reduced noise to a great extent.

Scope For Further DevelopmentScope For Further Development Use of different fuels for zero emissions and Use of different fuels for zero emissions and

better engine performancebetter engine performance

By using different fuels and cetane improvers, By using different fuels and cetane improvers, maximum torque can be obtainedmaximum torque can be obtained

Lowering the cost Lowering the cost

Closed-loop control injection with ion sensing Closed-loop control injection with ion sensing technologytechnology

AdvantagesAdvantages

More power is developedMore power is developed Increased fuel efficiencyIncreased fuel efficiency More stabilityMore stability Pollutants are reducedPollutants are reduced Particulates of exhaust are reducedParticulates of exhaust are reduced Exhaust gas recirculation is enhancedExhaust gas recirculation is enhanced Precise injection timing is obtainedPrecise injection timing is obtained Pilot and post injection increase the Pilot and post injection increase the

combustion qualitycombustion quality The powerful microcomputer makes the The powerful microcomputer makes the

whole system more perfectwhole system more perfect

Manufacturers of CRDI EnginesManufacturers of CRDI Engines The car makers refer to their common rail The car makers refer to their common rail

engines by their own brand names. Some engines by their own brand names. Some of them areof them are

BMW's D-engines BMW's D-engines Mahindra's CRDe Mahindra's CRDe Tata's DICOR Tata's DICOR Honda's i-CTDi Honda's i-CTDi Hyundai-Kia's CRDi etcHyundai-Kia's CRDi etc

ConclusionConclusion

CRDI technology revolutionized diesel CRDI technology revolutionized diesel engines. It has changed the way one engines. It has changed the way one looks as diesel cars by providing the looks as diesel cars by providing the above said advantages.above said advantages.

Thank YouThank You

A Power Point Presentation byA Power Point Presentation by

Yogendra Singh ShekhawatYogendra Singh Shekhawat

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