CRCT QUESTIONWhat layer of the

atmosphere is the largest?a. Troposphereb. Stratospherec. Mesosphered. Thermosphere

QUIZ GreatJob

Warming UpWith

A HEAT Rap

PRACTICING NOTE TAKING Please take out a sheet of paper and title it

“Weather Energy&

Heat Transfer”

The atmosphere is to the earth what the skin of an apple is to the apple.

What does this mean?

Heat always moves from a higher temperature place to a lower

temperature place so the energy gets transferred (moved).

What happens to the heat energy when it reaches

the Earth’s surface?

We use two common scales

Metric uses Celsius

USA uses Fahrenheit

(Both named after the scientist that came up

with the measurements.)

0 degrees C32 degrees F

100 degrees C212 degrees F

Requires no substance to travel from one place to another. It can move through the vacuum of space . Energy from the sun comes to us through radiation.

Video about radiation

http://cache.eb.com/

Heat is transferred from atoms that are touching. It is not carried by a liquid or gas.

Example: You walk on a hot sidewalk barefooted and your feet get hot. The heat is moving from the atoms of the sidewalk to your feet.Video segment on conduction

The layer of air above the earth is warmed by conduction (the transfer of heat by contact) molecule by molecule from the hot earth to the layer of air touching the sand.The heat is also conducted to your feet when you walk on the beach.

Video about convection

Convection occurs when heat is transferred through a liquid or a gas. The heat is carried from one place to another by a convection current.

Heat warms the atmosphere best when it is in the form of convection currents. Convection currents form when heated air expands, becomes lighter, and rises. The heat is carried upward. This is convection! It also happens with liquids.

Can you name these?http://www.beodom.com/

Without an atmosphere, the sky would be black like the moon's sky. As light goes through an atmosphere, it gets scattered. This scattered light is what “lights up” the sky. This picture was taken by Apollo astronauts from the surface of the moon. Notice that the ground has light, so it is daytime on the moon where the picture was being taken.

Atmospheric gases act like the glass of a greenhouse and trap heat close to the earth.

Video segment on the greenhouse effect

http://generalhorticulture.tamu.edu

Carbon dioxide is one of the major greenhouse gases. The carbon dioxide molecules absorb infrared radiation (heat) and the molecule starts to vibrate. This means it heats up and can transfer that heat to other atoms in the atmosphere.

This means that even though the North Pole could have six months of daylight, the energy is so spread out that it does not provide much heat in an area.

Look at the color of the light hitting the earth and how spread out the energy is. It’s like spreading the same amount of peanut butter on bigger and bigger pieces of bread!

Not only does energy change due to latitude, it can vary based on the time of year. What does this diagram show?

1. Where does the energy come from that drives our weather?

2. Which type of radiation is also known as heat?

3. Why is it good that most UV radiation is blocked by our atmosphere?

4. How is thermal energy measured?5. What is the difference between conduction,

convection, and radiation?6. What is the greenhouse effect? 7. What gas seems to have the most effect on

our atmosphere?8. Why does your location on Earth make a

difference in how much heat you get from the sun?

Do you have any questions?

Wind is always named by where it is coming from!

It is called a NORTH wind because it is moving from the north to the south.

What would a wind be named if it is blowing from Georgia to Florida?

Most often noticed at the beach!

1. Land heats up faster than water.2. Warm air over land rises.3. Air over water moves to shore.4. Would occur during the day.5. Named a SEA breeze because it comes

from the sea.

http://www.coolweather.co.uk/

1. Land cools off faster than water.2. Warm air over water rises. 3. Cool air from land takes its place.4. Would occur at night.5. Called a LAND breeze because the

wind is coming from the land.

http://www.coolweather.co.uk/

Look at these two diagrams. Can you tell which is the land breeze and which is the sea breeze?

1. Blow steadily from the same direction all the time.2. The path is curved because of the Coriolis Effect.

http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu

Jet Stream1. In the upper

troposphere.2. Very fast 200-

400 kmh3. Go completely

around the earth.

Notice that the jet stream does not stay the same every day. But it is always there!

jet stream

Notice on this weather map in motion how the rain moves toward the east over time.