26 de Junio de 2020

Correlates of youth sport attrition: A review and future directions

Balish S.M., McLaren C., Rainham D., Blanchard C. _2014 VI Jornadas

Investigación y Doctorado

Sport is a very important factor in promoting health and correct lifestyles in youngs. It is important to keep them active over time to obtain sports practice benefits and to oppose the inclination of youths to discontinue their participation in sports. The aim of this study was: 1) identify factors of youth sport attrition (correlates) , 2) frame correlates within a social ecological model of youth sport attrition (i.e., biological, intra-personal, inter-personal, institutional, community, and policy levels, (fig.1), 3) assess the strength of evidence for each correlate.

Introduction - Objectives

Entering relevant search terms into PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and Web of Knowledge databases, 23 articles with a total of 8345 participants were identified. The selected articles largely examined sport-specific attrition in sampled youths, coming from western countries. The correlates (141) were examined and framed at intrapersonal (90) and inter-personal levels (43). The level of evidence for each correlate (i.e., high, low, insufficient) was systematically assessed, based on the quantity and quality of supporting articles. Overall, 11 correlates were classified as having a high quality level of evidence and 10 as having a low quality. High quality correlates included also age, autonomy, perceived competence, relatedness, and task climate.

Results

This study highlights that the most accepted correlates of youth sport attrition are mainly in intra-personal and inter-personal levels. Moreover suggests that it is necessary to examine correlates at lower (i.e., biological level) and higher (i.e., institutional, community, policy) analytical levels. Additionally, it is important to select participants from different cultures and societies and to examine the attrition sport-factors in general.

Discussion and conclusion The social ecological model of sport attrition Adapted from Emmons (2000). Fig.1

1.Emmons, K. M. (2000). Behavioural and social science contributions to the health of adults in the U.S. In B. D. Smedley, & S. L. Syme (Eds.), Promoting health: Intervention strategies from social and behavioural research, 254-321. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press2.Pate, R. et al. (2000). Sports participation and health-related behaviors among US youth. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 154(9), 904-9113.Robinson, T., Carron, A. V. (1982). Personal and situational factors associated with dropping out versus maintaining participation in competitive sport. Journal of Sport Psychology, 4(4), 364-378

Essential References

The S.R. consists of literature selection in databes and keywords research associated with sport attrition and different social ecological levels. The title and the abstract of the selected articles were examined for relevance to the aims of the review. Each article was assessed for the inclusion criteria.

Methods: sistematic review

Consoni C. 1 Universidad Católica de Murcia. 2 University of the Foro Italico of Rome