CENSUS OF INDIA, 190 Ir

. VOLUMl~ XlV.

COORG.

REPORT AND TABLES..

BY

W. FRANCIS. OF THE INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE,

SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS AND COORG·

MADRAS: PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRESS ..

1902 .

AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS.

IN INDIA. COMBRIDGE & Co., B6mbay.

M. GULAB SINGH & SONS, Mufid-I-Am Press, Lahore.

E. SEYMOUR HALE, 53, Espla.nade Road, Fort, BOID"Qay.

HIGGINBOTHAM & Co., Mount Road, Ma.dras.

NEWMAN & Co., Calcutta.

SUPERINTENDENT, AMERICAN BAP'l'IHT ~h:-;KION PRESS, Rangoon.

- THACKER &_9_0' (Limited), Bombay.

fUA(,KER, SPINK & Co., Calcutta.

IN ENGLAND.

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DEIGHTON, BELL & CO., Cambridge.

P. S. KINH & SON, 9, Bridge Street, Westminster, Loudon, S.W. SAMPSON Low, MARSTON & Co., St. Dunstan's House, Fetter Lane

London, E.C.

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WILLIAMH & NORGA'l'E, Oxford.

ON THE CONTINENT.

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OTTO HARRASSOWITZ, Leipzig.

KARL 'V. HIER8EMANN, Leipzig.

ERNFRT LEROUX, 28, Rue Bonaparte, Paris.

MARTIXUS NrJHoFJo', 'l'he Hague, Holland.

,tiY tl- 'n&: ji~ ~~ 17/;~~~

TABLE OF CONTE~,

INTROD UGTION.

PARA.

1. The volume contains the report and the Imperial Tables 2. The chapters in which the Imperial Tables are discussed 3. Village Statistics were also prepared. . . . • . • 4. Enumeration and abstraction and tabulation effected on the same systems as in Madras. }5. First Assistant Commissioner)s Report on the operations and statement of their cost

CHAPTER I.-DISTRIBUTION OF lIRE POPULATION.

u. Area and population of the province 7. Its situation and climate 8. Its administration 9. Its imports and exports ..

10. The density of its population II. Its towns and villages .. 12. Variations in the population of its townH 13. The occupied houses in the province 14. The average population per house 15. Religions of the town population

CHAPTER Il.-·MOVEMENT OJ? THE POPULATION.

16. Meaning of the title of the chapter •• 17. Vital statistics no guide to the rate of growth of the population 18. No statistics of emigration or immigration available 19. Ceusus statistics of variation of population

... . 20. Birt,h places of the population •. _._ .. 21. Reasons for the slow rate of inCl;ease of the popu1atioil .-. 22. Variations in the number of the Coorgs • ..

OHAPTER III.-RELIGION.

23. The salient statistics of religions 24. Animists appear in the returns for the first time 25. Variations iu the strength of th~ different religions 26. Rapid increase among Christians 27. Sects of the Ohristians .• . .

SUBSIDIARY TABLES. NO.

1. General distribution of population hy religion 2. Distribution of Christians by race and denomiImtion

CHAPTER IV.-AGE, SgX AND OIVIL OONDITION. PARA.

28. Age: The statistics are usually inaccurate 29. Ages of males in Coorg are peculiar 30. Ages oLfemales 31. Sex: Proportion of the sexes disturbed by immigration 32. Reasons for the increase in the proportion of females 33. Proportion of the sexes in castes peculiar to the province, 34. And in the other castes " ~ 35. Civt"l Condition: 'Whet'e the figures are to be found 36. The statistics axe again affected by immigration 37. But exhibit the same peculiarities as those of oth!3r provinceR 38. Oivil condition in the various religions 39. Declines in the universality of marriage, III the earliness of marriage, and in the

proportion of widows to widowers, 40. Oivil condition of the Coorgs 41. Proportion of wives to husbands

..

PAGE.

1 1 1 1 2

3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 .'5, 6 6 6

7 7 7 7 7

8 8

9 9 9 9

10 10 10 10 11

-+1· 11 11

12 b

IV TABLE OF CONTENTS.

SUBSIDIARY l'ABL.ES. NO. PAGE

1. Age distribution of 1,000 of each sex at each of the last three censuses •• 12 2. Age distribution or 1,000 of each sex by religion •. 1a 3. Number of females to 1,000 males at each age by religions 13 4. Distribution of 1,000 or each sex by age and civil condition 14 5. Distribution by main age-periods of 1,000 of each civil condition 14 6. Distribution of 1,000 persons of each sex in each age-period by civil condition for each 15-

religion a..t the last three censuses. . 7. Oivil condition of 1,000 Kodagus or Ooorgs of each age-period and sex 16· ·S. Proportion of the sexes by civil condition for religions • • • . 16·.

CHAPTER V.-EDUCATION. PARA.

42. Literacy of the total popUlation 43. Literacy in the various religions 44. Literacy of the Coorgs 45. The vernaculars which the literate know 46. Literacy in English 47. Progress in education

SUBSIDIARY TABLES. NO.

1. Education by age and sex; Total population 2. Education by age, sex and religion: Hindu .. 3. Do. ~I usalman 4. Do. Christian 5. Literacy of Kodagus or Ooorgs

CHAPTER Vl.-LANGUAGE. pARA.

C.48 . Only t,WQ verna.culars a.re peculiar to Ooorg .. 49. Statistics of the chief lang:;.Htges . . • .

SUBSIDIARY TABLE. ;NO.

1. Classification of the languages returned

CHAPTER VII.-INFIRMI TIE S. PARA.

50. Statistics of infirmities are usually inaceurate 51. Decline in the number of the afflicted 52. Infirmities in the two sexet; 63. Comparison ot the number (If afflicted in Coorg and Ma.dras 54. Insanity 55. Deaf-mutism 56. Blindness " .. ; 57. LelJrosy 58. Infirmities by castes

SUBSIDIARY TABLES. NO.

.,, ..

..

17 17 17 17 18 18

18 19 19 19' 19

21

22 22 22 22. 22 22 23 23· 23

1. Average number of afflicted per 10,000 of each sex by religions in 1881; 1891 and 1901. 23 2. Distribution by age of ) ,000 persons for each infirmity . . .. .. . . • . 24 3. Distribution of infirmities by age alliong 10,nOO of the population 24 4. Proportion of females affiicted to ] ,000 mal£>s . •. . . . . . 24.

CHAPTER VII1.-CASTE, TRIBE OR RA.GE. pARA.

59. 'Most .of the Coorg castes are referred to in the Ma,dras report 60. The Ayiris • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61. The Yeravas 62. Europeans and Eurasians

25 25 25 2&

'fAllLE OF CONTRN'IS.

UHAPTER IX.-OOCDPATI01Y. PARA.

63. The r;uheme of dassifiuation of occLlpatiuw; 64. Diffioulties in preparing the statisties .. 65. Hurl\l simplicity of the occupations of tllt' llol'111ation ti6. Agricultural o(!oupations 67. Other prominent occupatiOlH! 68. Industrial ocoupations I!!). J~earnetl anu artistic professi.ons i O. Partial agriculturists 71. l'roportioll of aetnal "01'1;01'::1 to dep('nuPJlts 72. Proportion of femalp aotual workers 73. Occupations of the Coorgs

SUBSIDIARY TABLES. NO

:!7 ~7

27 '27 27 28 ~8

:!8 28 ~8

:..:8

1. Showing the distribution of the population mllong the variolls Orders aUft sub-orders 29 2. Showing the occupations supporting moro than 1, OOU persollH each 31 3. Showin~ the number of actual workers in t'adl Or,lel' who are partially agl'iculturir;h; :n 4. Showing the o<Jcupatiolll;; of females by Orders . . . . • • . . . . 3~ 5. Showiug the chief o('cnpations followed by the Kodagu custe 22

APPENDIOES.

APpENDIX.

A. Extract from the report of P. A. Booty. Esq., t.C.~., First Assistant Commissionol' 33 (If Ooorg, on the way ill whil:h thf' arrallgemnllts for the Census worked in CO O1'g.

B. Statement of expenditure un the CellSUf-< of Cuurg ;36

T 11 E LUP ERiAL TABLES. TAnLt~

I. Area, houl:>es and populution II. -Varia tlOll in population since 1871

III. Towns and villages classified by populatioll 1 V. '1'0\\"1)5 classified by populatioll, with variation i-:iiuce 1871 V. PopUlation by religion in towns

V r. Religion VII. Age, sex and civil condition

VIIL EdUCittioll IX. EUllcatioll by bC'lected ("usio,;

X. Languag(' XI. Birth place

XII. Infirmities uy age XII-A. Infirmities by eastes, tribes or mees

XIII. Caste, tribe, mce or nationality XIV. Civil condition by age for selecteu Ctt!'.te

XV. Occupations •• . . •• •. •. .. XVI. Selected caste by traditioDal and actual occnpation

XVII. Di::;tributioll of the Chrlstiall population by soct i1lll1 race XVIII. Blll'upeans <1m1 EUl'asiall~ by age ..

·12 42 12 4:3 4:3 43 4i 46 47 47 18 41:) 49 50 fit 52 6L 61

•• 62

CENSUS OF INDIA, 1901.

-

I~lPERlAL S}l~£UES, VOLTI1tlE XIV.

r-rHE REPOR'I' AN'D rr_A_BI,ES.

TNTRODUCTORY.

1. The cen ~us of Ooorg wa.s taken on the same date as t.hat of the rest of India, namely: the night of the 1st March 1901, and

The volume contains the report and this volume contains both the Imperial 'rabIes which the Imperial Tablel. '1 d f h I h f d h t were compl e rom t, e resu ts t. ereo an t e repor

upon them. . 2. These Imperial Tables are 19 in numher: and the fig'ur~s in each of them

The chapters in which the Imperial are considered in the chapter of thip. report which is Ta.bles are discussed. set opposite to it below :-

Nllmber and deRoription of Imperi.al Table.

I. Area, houses and population . .• . ~. III. Towns and villages classified by population IV. Towns classified by population, with variations sinco 1871

V. Population by religion in towns II. Variation in population since 1871

XI. Birth place VI. H,eligion ...

XVII. ObriRtian population by sect and race

ChapLer of tho report in which it is diflcnssed .

. ::}I' DiHtl'ibution of

.,. population.

.... .'

... 1, II. Mo\-ement of

... j population.

::: } HI. _Heligion.

the

the

VII. Age, sex and civil condition '" . 1.IV. Age, sex and eivil XIV. Civil condition by age for Onorgs ... J condition.

VIII. Nducation .. , 1, V Ed t' IX. Education among Coorgs .. , J .. uea IOn.

X. J .. !lllguagl) (i.e., parent tonguo) VI. :Language.

XII. Infirmities (i.t'., insanity, deaf-mutism, hlindness and leprosy)} VII I f' 't' XII A I Ii 't' b t . n urnl lOS.

o • n rIDl les y cas es . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. XIII. Caste, tribe or loace .,. } VIII. Caste, tribe _ or

XVIII. Ei:uropeans and Eurasians b,Y age ... race.

XV. Occupation } IX) . XVI 0 t · f C ... _. l ccupabon. , ccupa ,lOllS 0 )oorgs . . . . ..

3. At the present census statistics of the popu lation and J'cligions of each town and village in the province were also compiled and

Village statistics were also pre- these have been appended to the copies of this report pared. which are intended for loeal use.

4. rrhe census operations in the province were under the direction of the Enumeration and abstra.ction and Superintendent of tllO CellSus of Madras, and accord­

ta.bulation effected on tbe same ingly the enumeration was done on the same principle.B. systems as in Madras_ as in that Presidency and the abstraction and taoll.Ja.tion of the figures were effected by the H slip system" there followed. ThE:' details of the machinery used in both these parts of the work are set out in full in the Administrative Volume (Part IV) of the Madras Report and it is not lJeCessary to refH to them again here.

IN'l'ROllUO' OltY.

5. Appendix A helow contains the l'ep Jrt of the E~irst Assistant Commissioner First Assistant Commissioner's on the operat:~ons, and Appendix 13 3. statement of the

report on the operations and sta.te- expenditure incnrred. The figures in the latter under ment of their eost. H d A l~ . I O' . I k ea ,tnumerat,lOll" lstrlct ~ Htrges, were ta ~en from tho reports of the authorities in Coorg; those under II, Press charges, are the amounts which the Superintendent of the Madras Government Press estimates to be the share of the province in tlw various items of expenditure shown umIer it; while those uuder the remaining heads, namply, B, Abstraction and Compilation, and C, Superilltendence, are calculated rateably Oil the population of Coorg on the basls of the accounts of the expenrliture in tht:' 3fadras Cen: .. :u.<.; offices npon the population dealt with in those offices. l.'he figures do not, however, inclnde the ·cost of printing thiR report, which cannot at present be ascertained.

I avail myself of this opportunity of expressing my a.cknowledgments to Mr. M. E. Couchman, I.e. H., who ,vas the First Assistant Commissioner and District Magistrate while the work was proceeding, for the assista.nce he gave me in .carrying it through.

CHAPTER I.-lJIS'fRIBUTION of 'l'HE POPULATION. 3

CHAPPJ!JR /.

DIS'l'HIHUTION OF rrHE POPULATION.

(r:t'ABLES I, III, IV AND V.)

6. The province of Coorg is t.he smallest in India" it:::; area ueing on]y 1 ,.j8~ sfJuare miles. Even of this, a.s much as 599 S(luare

Area and population of the province. miles, or OVe1' one-thirrl, consi:;;t of Ghat or Reserved

forests, which are practically uninhabited. Its population according to the census is only 180,007, or about that of an average talnk in the ~\iadras Pl'esil1ency.

7. 1'he province has obtained a volnme ill the Census Series all to itself les~ in

Its situation and climate. virtue of Its import.ance tha1l of its isolation. It lies at the top of the ,Vestern Ghats and is cut off by them

from easy communication with the British districts of South (1ana1'a and Malabar, which furm its weRtern aHd southerll boundal'ies, while on its other sides it is sun-onnded by the Native State of Mysore.

Its general elevation is hetween .'),000 and 3,.500 feet, hut in place:-: the hilli4 ill it run up to 6,000 feet. Like the rest of the west. coast it has a very heavy allllual rainfall, the avera.ge exceeding 120 inches in al1 part::; of the province except the caRt sidfl, which is lower> Were Coorg included in the Madr~s Presidency it would have been grouped with the districts of the "V{ est Coast Division" referred to in Chapter 1 of the census report thereon. ft. is chiefly known a~ a coffee-growillg country, and as the home of t.he race of Coorg-s, or Kodagus, rt,ferl'ed to later on ..

8. (joorg is ~oyerned by a Chief Cornmil'\sion(_'r,~w ho if-! the British Resident, in

Its administration. Mysore,-:-:ulJordinate to whom nre a Commissioner, who combines the functions of Civil and Sessions .Judge

amI head of the Revenue administration, and a First Assistant CommissiolJel'. rrhis lattOl' officer is al::;o District Magistrate and head of tJ~e Police, but an ARsiRtant f:luperilltelldent of Police, who has relieved hjm of much of the executive control of that department, has been recently appointed. rrher-e is also a Reyenue Assi;':innt COlllmissioner who acts as personal assistHllt to the Commissioner. Civil .Justice

)8 admillistere{l by a Subordinate .Judge and two MllllSifs .

'l\Lluk. . \11·a ill 'rhe province is divided into the five taluks lloted

~'1"al'I' miles, ill t.he mal'Q'in, each of which is ndmil1i~tereil. b~T a native ],1 "r,,""'.L :H6'30 u -'

Padiniilkmld a~Ill'90 officer called a Subedar and is again f'uh-clivirled Y"d"nalknad :l0l'45 into ]Vdd8 or HoMI/), the l1Pat]s of which are ca11ed Kiggatmid ·nO·4-5 Kanjal'ajaplttna :~;;4'7) ParlJattigars.

9. rrlw gross receipts of the province in 1900-01~ the year i1l which the census Its imports and exports. was .... take~l, WAre Hs. 8, 7~_/n 4 alld the llet receipt~

RE-l. 0,36,;.) I S. rrlw expendn.ure was R:->. 4-,80,3~1 and the I'urp]us thus amounted to lH~arl)' Rs. 1,;36,000. rrhe principal sources of income were land revenue, excise on spirits and drugs, stamps a11(l income-tax, amI the chief item A of expenuiture were public works, civil establishments alld educatiflll.

rrhe imports were valued a1) Rs. 28,14,000 against Rs. 17,20,170 in 'l8DJ. This includes Rs. 1-4,,10,000 of treasure, grain "'ortl] Rs. 4,00,000, oils estimah·d at· Rs. 1,4(),OOC), sugar and saccharine produce valuerl at Rs. ] ,3f),OOO and saH worth nearly the same amount. The expor~s were estimakd to be wOl·th Rs. 23,17,000 against Rs .. 27,78,000 in 1801, of wllich coffee valued at Rs. 20 lakhs was byfal' the most important item. Grain and pulse (Rio'. 1 ,~5,OOO) ~a.me next, then timber and sandalwood (B s. ] ,1n,00U), and then cardamoms and spices (Rs. ;38,000). rrhe

. exports of coffee in 1891 were valued at R~. 2.),;')5,400 and tho decline in this product is mainly responsible for the reversal of the balance of trade which has OCCUlTed

during the decade, for, while in 1891 the exports exceeded the imports in value; the opposite is now the case.

10. The denl'-ity of the populat.ion is 11 c1 persons to the squa~e mile, \yhieh is

Th d n 't f't I t' about the sa.me as tJJ3t of the Nilgiris dist,rict of . e e 51 y 0 I S popu a Ion. . ~, . . -- . Ma,dras. If the ~j99 square mlles· of forest alluded to

above are excluderl, the number of persons pel' squ~.n·e m-jle rises t.o 184, ,vhieh is

4 CHAPTER I.-DISTRIBUTION Oli' THE POPULATION.

Hearer the figure for r\ eUore than that for any other district of MadraI'!, but is still o-reatly below the JJilean density of the Madras Presidency, which is 270 per square ,.., mile. 'l'he density has increased but slowly during

'['n,luk. D~~~ity. t.lw last thirty years. In 1871 it waR 106; in ]881, ~~Jf:~ltnad 72 113 ; and in 1891, lO~. 'rhese variation:,; are discussed Yodenolkn,,,j 215 more part.icularly in the next chapter. ~rhe density ~~n1:;~f~p~t~a 1~~ of the popuJntioll of each of the five talukR iB given in

the margin. 11. 'Phere are TIVP towns in the province as in 1891. but the number of

inhabited villages is 479 against 492 in that year. The· difference is dlll' to the amalgamation of certain small

villages with other~ during the settlement. As in Madras, the village is not a sociological unit, bnt merely an area the

bounclnries of which are determined by cOIJside:rations of administrati ve convenience. Moreover, most of the people live ju separate houses as they do in Malabar, and not in continuous streets. rClw vil1ages run very sman, their ~tyel'a.ge population being' only 34i) against 623 in the l\Iadras Presidency.

Its town. and villa.ges.

Of the rural population 41 per cent. liYe in villages containing lesd than 500· persons and another [J:) pel' cent. in those containing between [)00 and 2,000 inhabit­ants. '1'hus only 4 pert)ow~ in every 100 live in villages which have a population or over 2,000.

rrhe TIve towns are the places in the margin.' They were shown as I'mch Town. Population. because they are an of them under municipal govern-

Mercaru ... 6,732 ment, but the Inst three are hardly more than villages,. Vrr1irajendrapet .,. 41',7!!~~ and in the Madras Presidency they would probablv not Somavarapet,.,.. ." Fraserpet ... 1,600 . even be constituted" Unions" under the Local Boards Kodlip .. t .. , 889 Act. Eight per cent,. of the .population live in these five places and the aVeJ'age number of inhabitant.s in eacb is 3,050.

12. ffhe popu1ation of Mercarn was less in 1891 than it was in 1ij81, and is . . now again less thau it was ten years ago. The number'

Va.riations in the population of its, of peop]p in Virarajendrapet has similarly declined towns. . during the decade. l'he decrease::3 since 1891 are in bot.h caS88 due to the falling off in the coffee-growing industry which has nlready been noticed and the consequent decline in the prosperity of the province which has occuneu. The fall in Mercam bet\\reen 1881 and 1891 was due to the withdrawal of the regiment which nsed to be statlone(l there.

13. There ~re 30,.560 occupied houses in Coorg, of which 3,077 are in towns .. '£he1'e are on an average 19 houses in every square mile,

The occupied houses in the province. ngaill~t ] 7 in 189] and 14 in 1881.

14. ~rhe average population pel' house is higher in the villages than ill the towns, bein!:...}· 6'02 in the f01'mer and 4'9G in the latter. 'the a.verage popula.tion per house. u

This anomaly is due to the commonness of the custom under which several branches of an u~divided family liYe under the same roof. '1'1.0 same thing occnrs -iil the Ntlyal' tar wad houses which are such a feature of' Malabar. Tho modern tendency, aR has been noticed in the Madras report, is fot, these large families to sub-divide and Jive separately, and that this tendency is operating also ill Ooorg is shown by the continuous decline in the average-· number of persons living in each house which haH occurred during the lust twenty years. In 1881, thero were 7'9S persons in every house; in 189], 0'46; and in ] 901,. 5·~n. Probably in another ten years the number will have again declined slightly, but it is not likely to faU below five.

15. Of the 1'111':11 population 90 per cent. are Hindus, 6 per cent. :M usa]mans

R li · f th t '-ti and 2 pel' cent. Christians, but of the people in the e glons 0 e own popu.... on. - . ., - five towns only 68 per cent. are HIndus, winle 24 per

eent. are followers of the Prophet al1d 7 per cent. are Christians. The adhertmts of the two latter religions thus affect a town life much morE than the members of the first. The same thing occnrs in Madras, though to a less degree. In Coorg­the figures are largely affected by the numbers of l\fusalmans and Christians who­immigrate into its towns for purposes of trade.

CHAPTER II.--lIOVEUEN'!' OF 'rHI~ POPULATION. 5 -- --- - ------- - -- -_--------------~---~- - --~.-_--- - ---_-- ------ __ ._- ---

CHAP 'PIER II.

}IOVE~:LJ:gNT OF THE POPULATION.

(T ABLES II AND XI.) , .

16. The expression "~lovement of the population," taken as the title of this chapter, denotes in statistical usage the net result of

Meanillg of the title of the chapter. the two factors which determine the st.rength of the

population of any area at a given time, namely, the ratio of births to deaths and tIle ra~io of emigration to immigration.

17. But in the case of Coorg it is of little use to attempt to draw any definite deductions as to the normal growth of -the population

Vitalltatistics no guide to the rate fro111 the registered statistics of births a. nd denths for .of growth of the population. '-'

the reason that the peap Ie of the province consist 80

largely of labourers on the coffee-plantations who have immigrated to it from the adjoining districts of Mysore State and of the Madras Presidency that every kind of calculation based upon such figures is vitiated. .

'rhe official vital statistics show a large exce~s of deaths over bil'ths, which ,vould ordinarily mean that the population is rapidly declining, but the real expla­nation of the phenomenon consists in the fact that a large number of the people ::Ire male immigrant coffee estate coolies who are either unmarried or have not brought their womenkind with them, and so do nothing towards increasing the birth-rate. In Coorg there are 19,909 more males than females or, in other words, only 801 females ,to every] ,000 males. Vital stat.istics thus form an unreliable guide to the rate at which the popUlation is gl'owing.

18. Thet'e are no statistics a·t all of the emigrat.ion No Iltatisticlof emigration orimmi- il.om or imrni.Q'ration into Coorg, as neith~r the one nor gration available. .....,

the other is registe:i·ea.~ - -

19. In endeavouring to estimate t.he "mov~mentJ_ Census statistics of variation of £ h l'" 1 tl 1 h population. 0 t e POrn atron we lave IUA on y t e censuS

figureR to go upon. These show (Table II) that between 1871 and ) 881 the population of the

province (which ·was not affected by the great famine of 1876) increased by 5'P per cent.; that in the next decade, which was a pt·OSpet·ous one, it declined by 2'9 per cent. ; and that during the last ten yeal'S it has ad vancecl by 7,5.52 persol1s_ or

, 11.'4 per cent., the increase beiHg about equal in the two sexes. In the adjoining British districts of South Canal'n and :Malabar the rates of advance were respect­ively 7'-1 and ')'6 per cent., while in J\1:ysore the rate was 12'05 per cent.

These fignres are at first sight curions, as in the decade 1881-1891 the population ()f every uther pI'ovince in India rOse in numbers, but it will be seen from the report on the 1891 census of Coorg that the fall there was entirely due to the fact that while in ] Bel the coffee crop was late, and the estate coolies who were picking it therefore remained in thH province longer than usual and so were included in the -cemmg of that year, they had n1()st of them returned to their native districts before the census of 1891 was taken. ~1:r. P. A. Booty, the present First Assistant Com­missioner, informs me that in ]90] the crop was a heavy one and that therefore the coolies were mo:;;t of them again on tho estates at the time of the enumeration in that year. rrhis statement is supported by the language statistics in Table X, for these show tl1at the number of males who speak J\falayulam and Tulu, the languages of the adjoining British districts, has increased much faster than the number of females who talk them. Thus the males whose vernacular is Malayalam are 2,194 more numerous than they were ten years ago while the females have increased by only 546. Similarly the males who ~peak Tulu have advanced in number by 838 and the females by only 66.

2

6 CHAPTEH II.--l\IOVEMENT 0]<' 'l'UE POPUI,ATION.

'rIms even the censns statistics Ot the variation of the population do not give any reliabJe indicat.ion of the essential rates of its growth when it is unaffected by migration,

20. ~omething, howevep , may be learnt from some others of these statistics.

Birth places of the population. Table XI (Birth place) distinguishes the people \yho, were born in Coorg itself from those who were born

outside it. The percentage to the total population of those who were born in thtJ province is only (59'5, which is Lowel' than the figure for any other administra,tiou in the whole of India. In lS~n the percentage was about the same, being 69'4. Of the remaining 30'5 per cent. of the people as many as 28'2 per cont. were born in ndjoinillg tracts, that is, in l\1ysore, Malabar or South Canara_ These are the immigrant coffee estate COOli8S, as the proportion of the sexes among them shows, for while 36 pel' cent. of the males of the province are immigrants only 24 pel' cent. of the females come from ()ut)sic1e it.

, 'rhe rate of increaso mnong these immigrants is 4-1 pel' cent. and the growth among the population which ",yas born in the province 'was 4'5 per cent., which two figures fire about equal. The aclYance in the population of the province as a whole has Hot therefore heen greatly affect,ed by the rate of increase in the immigral1t~.

, . . 21. 'rhe advance as a whole, as has already been seen, IS only 4'4 per cent.

It is thus clear that the last ten years, owing to the Reasons for the slow rate of in- ueclillc in coffee· growing", cannot ha vo been a prosperous

crease of the population. ~ . period in the history of the province. ~rhe birth place

statistics of Mysore 8tat.e seenJ to show that the slow growth of the indigenous population was in part due to eIl1igratioll thither. In] 591, 1,607 persons (690 males and 008 females) 'who were born in Coorg were fonnd in Mysore. ~rhis year the numbers have increased to 2,5[)3 (J ,001 males and 1,5tl2 females). The excess of females ill these seems to show that many women from OOOl'g have married men in Mysore and gone to live there.··· There appears, however, to have been little movement westwards into British tenitory, the Humber of people found in the

Inen'DsL' pel' ('("nt. in

:Madras Presidency being 6:n against 642 ten years ago. Outside 1\1ysore and the Madras Presidency hardly any persons ,yere found in other proyinces who were born in Coorg.

THluk. :Malcs. FE'll1al·C's.

l\ferl'ara ... "Plirlinitlknad Y pd( 'mil kn a rl. KiggatD!ld N anjarajapatna

Variations in the number of the Coorgs.

IRS] IRnl H10]

Year. Total.

27,033 :l2,Hll 36,091

+ 3'0 j - 2·a

+ 12'}) + - 0'0

'rlw fignres in the margin compare the variations in the population of the different taluks of the province.

2,2. 'rlle Coorgs themsehes have increased by 3,480, or 10-7 per cent., si.nce 1891 against an advance of ~O'6 per cent.. in the decade 18Hl-1891. The 'figures

In(,l'('a>(c' are given in the margin. They have thus pel' Cl'llt. multipliell faster than the population gelle-

2··_t 1'a11)r, but, much less rapid]}, than they did 20'8 ]0-7 in the last decade but one.

·CHAPTEI~ IlL-UBI,IGWS. .. . ,

CHAPl'BU Ill.

RELIGION.

crAULES VI A~D XV II.)

, 23. Suhsidiary tab1e 1 at the end of this ~hapter gives the mail! statistics of the religions of the people. It, WIn be HeCll that out of the total population of 180,607, 109,817, ClI' 88 per

cent., are Hindus; 13,654, or 8 per cent., al'e l\fusalmans; 3,683, or 2 per cent., ChristianR; anti 3,305~ or 2 per cent., Animists. 'l'hpre are also 107 ,lHins and 41 Parsis. In the :\1adras Presid'211cy, of every 100 persons 1:)9 are Hindns, 6 are 1\[llsa1mans, 3 are Christians and 2 are Animists.

The salient statistics of l'eligions,

24. Tn 1891 there were no Animists in the COOL';1;' l'etnrus. It has b!:'en explained in thp report 011 the Madras census that Animi~ts are

Animists appear in the returns for those who arc neither 1\i usalmans nor Cll]'istians, :md the first time.

yet cannot be strictly cOl1sidel'e(l to bn Hinl1us as they worship none of the recognise(l gods of the Hindu pa.ntheon, hnt revprence devih; Hnd spirit:-.: of various indefinite and illdet,el'minate descript,ion."I. bl OOOl'g' in Ib91 a11 :-<ueh PPl'SOllS were lumped together under Hilldus.

25. 81n0e that ")'ear llindus am1 Animists together haye incl'Pfisecl by 4 per ('(Cnt., Musalmans by 7-8 per cent., and Christians by

Variations in the strength of the 8 C' J . f 1 d different religions. ') per cent. alliS are ewer )y t"l'ven persons an

Farsis more llumerous by two . . r~lhere js c~nsiderable 1'eaHOn fo1' impposing that '~lnsahml1ls are naturally more

prohfi.c t.han Hmclu3, but probably ill Coorg the rates of increa.se are affected less by tIllS factol' than hy the immig-ration of foll(Jwers of the Prophet. for the sake of trade. L

26. The advance in the number of Obristin,lls is nearly twice as tapill as in the

Rapid increase among Christians. popalatioll as a whole. Of the toUtl Chri:4ian popula­tion, Europeans and allied races form () per cen~.,

EUl"'lLSiall;'; 8 per cent., and Native Christians the remaining 8G per cent. A com­pari;;;oll of 'Table XVII with the corresponding figures of 1891 shows that far the greater part of the increase in t.he followers of this faith has. occurred among Sativa Christians, as Europeans are 21 fev{er than they wei'e ten ye~n's ago, [md Eurasians ollly ~:) more numerous, while the numbers of the Nntiye Christians have ri:;;en by ~2~). Some of the reasons which lead to a rapid increase among Nati,-e Christians have been discussed in the Madras report.

27. Particulars of sect were collected in 1901 in the case of Chri:;;tians only.

Sects of the Christians. Hnbsidiary table 2 at the end oE this chapter shows the denomination:;; to whicl1 the variom; Ohristians in Coor,g

adhere. Of the 228 Europeans a:'l many as ] 63 belong to the Anglican communion. Of the 295 Eurasians, 175 are ROlTIMl Cat.holics and 00 aro members of tho Anglican Church. Of the 3,HiO Native Christians, on the other bam], only six belong to this latter denomination, while ~,7'71, or 88 per cent., are Roman Catholics and 346, or another 11 per cent., ar-e Lutherans. According to the fignres, the adht'rents of the Auglican Church haye deelined in 11U01 bel' from 458 to 259 in t.]l0 last ten years, whiJe the Lutherans have increased from :29 to 381. But the figure 458 includes 1.52 persons who ill 1891 retllrned themHelv8R as .. Protestants" and it is not clear that some of the3e were not really Luthera.ns. If they were, the variat,ions in the numbers belonging to these two denominations are not so striking as they appear at first sight. 'fhe fact that 14 S fewer persons than -ill 1891 failed to return their sect also vitiates comparisons between the fignres of the~-~­present year and those of 1891. As the statistics stand, t1ley show that the Roman Catholics have inci'eased during the dec'ade by 371, or by 14 per cent., which is ~ between three and fOUl" times the rate of increase of the populat.ion as a whole.

8 CHAPTER HI.-RELIGION.

------------~-----------~--~- -

SUBSIDIAUY TABLE I.-General Di.r;;tribution of Population by Religion.

REI,]GIO:s'.

I I'

Hindu Anilllistie 1I1ubalmltn Chl'istia,n Jain __ Parsi

1

T.J1'_f.L

~ -------------

1001. 1891. 1881. I PERCKNTAGE u~' YARI-j

ATION. INCREA8E( + ).1 _________ i OR ~)ECREASE (:- ). j" NET

o 0 0 I VARI-ggr, § 3_ 58... g ~ A'J'ION,

• ... 0 • • ... 0 .: ·z :> I..... ..... 181"1 TO

i~' ~ 1 ~ ~ ~~,;: -2 1901. 8~ = o~ p ~~ I ~ ~ ~ Z ~ Z I~ ::::: 00

--3---1--4-~'--~-- -~.-, -'--7-- ----H--'--l-~~ --I 10

-_- -_-_--_._--I i 16:::~! 8'~:n I 156,8-t5 n,063 W:!,4-89 !J, 11 3 + ,h) ;j'i) + O' 1-

I 13,664 766 ]2,(j(ji) 732 12,Ml 703 + 7'1'1 + 1'0 + 8'9 3,683 204 :l,aD2 1911 3,1i)2 177 +- S'I) I- 7'u + HI'S

: 107 6 J]4- 7 !)9 Ii H'I + 1.')'2 + S'l

i '~~~~~~~-I m,;:: ;,,~ I ,,~ I-'~~T;- :'~I~~;:T: ~:

Srll,SIDIARY TABLE '2.-DilSfl'ibutiu1t Qf Chr'i.~tian8 by Race a,lld Dellomination.

; ________________ ,I

I -- ----~----~

II Anglic:;n Communion

ArmenIan __ , , Baptist I C,mgl'<:>gationalist

Indetlnite Beliefs Lutheran unIt Allied Dellomi·

natiolls. Methodist Minor Denominations Presbyterian

I Roman Catho]i" Not l'otnrned

TOT.-\ I,

EUROPI'AN. EURASIAN, T NATIVE. TOTAL. I I

' V,\RJ-

~Iales. yenJ:llos.ll\Ialc~~J~'emBle:.II~_~les, i Female8_1~'~I:_ i_I"91.! ::'':. 'j 2 a -t. I.j I'i 1 7 8 ~ 9 . 10 i

________ __,_:_ ______ ' ______ L ~ ____ 1 _____ 1_____ I

1 S

12 10 7

H I 4-G 3 I a i 269 45~ 19~ i

1~: I : 17: ' ": I a:: :~: a:~ (j(j

9

1 I Ja 13

11 ! 1 I 24 i tiS 41 a I D;; so I 1,;'61: 1,2]0 I 2,959: 2,5tlH + ail til 1:1 11 I 34 I 182 - HS ;

I I I l ' 1--137 "!--~I--,1541--,41 r-;,1'. ;-;~ ... I ..... ";;-1 + •• , ;

mU .. PTER HT.--AOE, SEX- AND CIVIL CONDI'l'fON.

CHAPTEli IV.

AGE, SEX AND CIVIL CONDITION.

(TABLEH VII AND XIV.)

Age. 'rhs statistics are usually inaccurate.

28. It will be cOIlvenient to discuss separately each of t.he three subjects with which this chapter deals.

A(~E.

The various causes which operate to render the age returns at a census inaccu­rate have beell referred to in t,ho report on the Madras statistics, and they are at work ill Coorg as much af; elsewhere. Hubsidiary table~ 1 and 2 at tbe end of this chapter give, however, the distribution of 1,000 persons of t~ach sex by th~ ages as they were returned, first for tht: last three enumerations and secondly for the three main religions, namely, Hinchi (which inclndes Animistic), l\{uRa]man and Christian.

29. The former of these shows that the ages of t.he people in Coorg prp,sent Home nnusual points. J n an ordinary progressive popu­

Ages of males in Ooerg are peculiar. lation the nnmbpr in every 1,000 persons who are

under the age of 5 ought to be larger than t.he number wllo are found at allY of the other (luinquennial periods and the number iu each successive five-year period ought to decrease at a gradually increasing rate as death carries off its victims. But in Coorg among every 1,000 males t,here are more persons of the age ~5--30 than in any othet· of the quinquennial periods and the same phenomenon has appeared at each of the last three enumerations. It is dlle to the fact, already referred to, that a largt_> proportion of the male population consists of immigrant coolies in the prime of life. __

Subsidiary table 2 shows that this peculiarity occurs among Ilindus and :Musalmaus but not among Christians, and the infereuce is that the coolies belong less to this last religion than to the other two. /-

30. Among 1,000 females:, on the otlwl' haud, the lal'ge:-lt number at each of the

Ages of females. last three censuses and in all the three main religions are seen to be f~ither nnder 5 or between the ages of 5

and 9. (TherE is considerable confusion, usually, between these two periods at a cellSUS, as parents return children of 3 or 4 as bemg of the round age of 5.) The inference is that fewer of the females are immigrant labourers. That a certain flroportion belong to this class is, however, clear from the fact that the percentage of females who are aged between 15 and 29 is larger than is the case in provinces where conditions are more normal.

SEX.

31. Thp,re are 19,~09 more males tha'tl females in the province, or, in other words, there are only 801 females to every 1,000 males.

Sex. Proportion of the sexes Th·· . .IF t f h f disturbed by immigration. IS 18 agaIn an euec 0 t e presence 0 a number of

male immigrant labourers within its limits. Ill" the M&dt'at> Presidency the figure is 1,029. In 180) the corresponding proportion in Coorg was 804 (probably because the immigrant population included in that census was smaller); in 1881, 775; and in 187],782. Subsidiary table 3 at the end of this chapter shows that women are proportionately fewest in the age periods bet-ween 25 and 50 among the followers of all religions ex'}ept Christianity, which goes to confirm the conclusion already arrived at that few of the Christians are immigrant labourers. The table also shows that females are fewer in proportion to males- ~ among MusalmanR than amollg the members of any other religion. The reason probably is that the Moslems are largely tra.ders who have not brought their wives -with them.

10 CHAPTER IV.--AGE, SEX AND CIVIL CONDITION.

---------------------------------------

32. 'rhe increase in the proportion of females to males whi0h has occurred since 1881 may he due to two caul:SCs. It may either be owing

Rea.ons for the increase in the h' h h ff I' h b proportion of female •• ' to t e tact t at t e co ee-estate coo les ave egun to

take their womenkind with them to Coorg in larger numbers than they did, or that the enumeration of women is more complete than it was. A certain amount of omission of women seems to occur at the enumeration in almost all provinces, and the Ooorg statistics show that even in the castes which are indigenous to the province and contain no immigrants at all, there R,re fewer women than men.

33. Thus among the Coorgs or Kodagus thel'e are only 979 females to every 1,000 mnles and among the Yeravas, who are the agri-

Proportion of the sexes in castes 1 1 f I f th . h I 942 peculiar to the province, CU tura ser c ass 0 ,e provlllce, t ere are on.r. .

These two castes are very rare outside Coorg, so that the !lumber (.If the males among them cannot have been enhanced by immigrallts

from other parts. It is noticeable (see !'umher of females to 1,000 males a.mong Coorgs. the figures in the margin) that the pro-

All age~ \)79 0-5 1,008 portion of the gentler to the Rterner sex 5--12 B9G is lowest among the Coorgs at the ages

12-1:> 918 d ]5-20 1,011 between 12 an 15, there being only 918 20-40 " 1.904114; gids of thiR age to every 1,000 boys, and 40.and over

it may be that members of the race have omitted of life.

to return those of their daughterR who were at this marriageable time

34. 'rhe inference that women must have been omitted at the enumeration is and in the other cast .. s. also supported by the fact that of all the castes in the

province which number as many as 50 souls there are scarcely a dozen in which the females are more numerous than the males. All of these latter are Hindu or Animist castes; and only one of them is 600 strong. The only caste of any considerable strength in which the females are noticeably more numerous than the other sex is that of the Lingayats, who number 8,702 and among whom thel'e are 1;0'38 females to every 1,000 maJes. The lowest pro­portions are found among the .. T nlu castes of Bant and Pale, the Malayalam castes KammaJan, K61ayan, Nayar, Paniyan and Tiyan, the Telugu Mangalas and Sales, the Tamil Pallis, the Katikes, Kshatriyas, Lambadis and Sonagaras and the Musalman tribe of Navayats, in all of which there are more than twice [IS many men as women. The total strength of some of these-castes in the province is, however, small. .

CIVIL CONDITION.

35. Imperial Table VII\give~ statistics of the civil condition of the people, that is, of the number of those who are unmarried,

Civil condition. Where the fig-ures married B.l1d widowed, while Table XIV alves par-are to be found, 1:)-

ticulars for the race of the Kodagus or Ooorga. 'rhis race has also been selected for special notice in Table IX (Education by castes) and 'rable XVI (Occupation by castes) which are respectively discussed in the next chapter and in Ohapter IX, Occupation. The reasons for this selection were as follows: It was decided to choose only those castes which were fairly common. In 1891 there were only five castes in the province which numbered over 10,000 persons, namely, Kodagu or Coorg, Gauda, Vakkaliga, Holeya and Yerava. Of these five only two,-Kodagu and Yerava,-are peculiar to Coorg, the remainder being castes which are found in much greater strength and in a more typical con­dition in the Madras Presidency, and which it would therefore be misleading to examine in so small an area as Coorg. It was thus only necessary to consider the case of the Kodagus and Yeravas. Neither the ·civil condition, the education nor the occupations of the latter promised to exhibit any striking l)Oints of difference from those of other _ castes .. of -SImilar pursuits and social standing, but the Kodagus are a distinctive race with a marked national spirit of their own and it was accordingly considereq. desirable to collect particulars - regarding their marriage customs, their literacy and their usual means of livelihood.

CHAPTER IV.-AGE, SEX AND CIVIL CONDITIO:N. 11

36. For the province as a whole the statistict; of civil condition are not very . ., instructi ve, as they are so greatly affected by the large

" 'lll;e sta~18tiIlB are agaIn affected by and varvina proportion of adult immignmts in the popu-~:mnugration, ~ b

lation that few clear inferences of the marriagp customs of th{J people can be safely deduced from them.

37. Subsidiary table 4 gives the distribution of 1,000 persons of each sex by age and c:i,vil condition. The Madras Census Report

but exhibit the same peculiarities contains some explanation of the looseness with w llich as those of other provinces.

the term " married" is apt to be Ilsea and an account of the difficulty which the vagueness of the vernaculars occasions in getting an accurate return of widowers. Taking the statistics as they stand, however, this subsidiary table shows that civil condition in Coorg exhibits tbe same three cbaracteristics as are usually found in all Indian provinces, name]y, almost universal marriage, marriage at early ages (especially among girls) and a high proportion of widows to widowers. These characteristics, nev~rtheless, are not nearly so marked as in Madras, for whereas in that Presidency only 2[) per cent. of the males and fJ per cent. of the females over 15 years of age are unmarried, in Coorg the corre­sponding figures are respectIVely 84 and 11; and though in Madras as many as ] per cent. of the boys and 9 per cent. of the girlS' under 1.5 are married, in Ooorg the figures are less than] per cent. and 2 per cent., respectively; further, in Madras there are 506 widows to every 100 widowers, while in Coorg there are only 285. This last figll.~e is quite unusually low and must aga.in be due to the factthat so many of the people are male immigrants who have not brought their womenkind with them.

Subsidiary table 4 shows, however, that few men over 30 years of age and fewer women over 20 remain unmarried, that many girls are married between the ages of 15 and 20 and many youths before they are 25, and that whereas 49 males in every 1,000 are widowers, there are on an average ] 76 widows in the same number of the other sex.

~ubsidiary table 5 aolld the figures for all religions in subsidiary table 6 exbibit the same facts in other shapes. They sMW, for example, that only lOin· 6vei'Y-1,000 unmarried males and only :5 in the same number of unmarried females are­over 40 years old; that 6 in every 1,000 married male's and 25 In every 1,000 married females are under 15 years of age; that ]2 in every 1,000 boys, and 69 in the same number of the other sex between 10 and 15 are married; that only 83 males in every 1,000 over 40 yearS"'old are bachelors and only ~} in every "1,000 females at the same period of life are old maids; and that while 164 males in every 1,000 who are over 40 are widowers the numher of widows in the same number of females of that age is as many as 677, or more than four times as great.

38. This subsjdiary table 6 shows, however, that the three main religions do not all contribute equally to bring about this condition

Civil condition in the various reli- f h' Of 1 000 H' d 1 f II 3 2 gions. 0 t lngs. , in u rna es 0 a ages 9 are married and of 1,000 Hindu females 373, while among

Christians the corresponding proportions are respectively 385 and 369. Among Musalmans the figures are 442 and 430, respectively, but these high percentage~­are doubtless partly due to the fact that so large a number of the followers of this . faith are adult immigrants. That the Musalmans are addicted to marrying their girls early in life is, however, evident from other figures in this table, for while among Christians only 32 in every 1,000 girls between 10 and 15 are married, and amol1g Hindus 65, the corresponding figure among Musalmans is as high as 130. They also marry off their boys at tender ages, 15 in every 1,000 of those between the ages of 10 and 15 having entered upon matrimony against 12 in t.he case of Hindus and 8 in that of Christians.

39. It has been mentioned in the Madras report that the universality of marriage

DecliDea in the universality of mar­riage, in the earliness of marriage, aDd in the proportion of widows to widowers.

and the early age at which it takes place are both of__ __ " them largely due to the fact that the Brahmans conslael' that both practices at'e enjoined by their religion and that the people as a body follow the customs of the

Brahmans in such matters. The large proportion which widows bear to widowers

CHAPTER IV.-AGE, SEX AND CIVIL CONDrTI(}N.

is alsl) therein stated to be greatly due to the people having imitated the Brahman custom of prohibiting the marriage of widows. J t is satisfactory to note, therefore, that : .. mb1-3idiary table 6 shows that there are signB of a decline in the degree to which all three practices are now followed.

In all three religions the percentage of dw population who are married has declined, the proportion of the girls uuder 15 who remain unmarried has risen, and, except among Hindns, the pe1'cent,age of the women over 40 years old who are wirlows bars fallen.

40. Subsidiary table 7 gives the figul'ef-l for Coorgs in Imperial 'fable XIV, already referred to, in proportional forms. It shows. that in two of the three cbaracteristics above mentioned­

Civil condition of the Coorgs.

the members of this race are superior t,o the community generaUy. Marriage is not so uni\'ersal with them as witl} the people as a whole, only ~H4 in every 1,000 mal~s and 325 in every 1,0110 females naving entered upon matrimony against 396 and 378, respectively, in thA total population. Of the males among them who are over 15, 37 per cent. are unmarried and of the females j 9 per cent., while for the province as a whole the corresponding figures, as has a1ready been seen, are only 34 and 11, respectively. In the third of the three characteristics,-the propor­tion of widows to widowers,-it has already been seen that owing to the unusual elements of which the population cOl1f-lists the figure for the province as a whole is unusually low. The Coorgs, however, can evidently claim credit for permitting widow-marriage to a considerable extent.

41. rPhe last of the subsidiary tables shows the proportion borne by wives to

Proportion of wives to husbands. husbands. It will be seen that in the province as a whole there are only 764 wives to every 1,000 hus­

hands, and that among the Musalmans the proportion falls to al:l low as 593, or, in other words, that hardly half the M usalman husbands in Ooorg have got their wiYes with them there. -

SUBSIDIARY TABLE i.-Aue di8tribution, of l~OOO of each 8e;(' at eaeh of the last three ('enSU8es.

0-1 J-2 2-B ;~-4

4-5

5-10 1O-1i:i

15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40

40-45 4i-50 50-55 55-BO

00 ftnd over

AGB.

1

HlOl. 1891. I 1881. -----

_________ l_~~-:~-es-. -; Females._ ---~Iales. I F:~nal~:J Mal::~-II ;e_m~~es. i 2 i - 3 4 _J _ ~ _L 6 '7

i 28 35 j~ I· ~~ ~o 28

8 10 15 ~u 13 17 20 26! 25 33 14 19

... . 21 27 23 29 19 24

.. 'I 18 25 I. 26 a5 I IS 25

TOTAL 0-5 '''1---00- --~,-111-·· --146(--84 --113 "'1-112- ---139":--115- --~a;- '--IU'- --142 ._. 119 129 i 94 99 113 I 117 _._-----\----------- ---

TOTAl. 0-15 ._. i 326 391! 320 384 308 372 , _______ ~ ___ _;..__....;... __ R __ ~ _______ _

, - .... I· 97 96! 99 103 115 no 101 104 I 109 112: 1]4 118

I' 122 109 1 128 110 I 131 118 107 84 103 82 I 108 85

79 '54 i 77 54 I 78 54

=_:;06 ~ -= _447 I 516 461_1_~46. 485.

~ ~, M ~ ~ ~

• ~ 'I ~ ~ ru M 32 35. 31 33 28 29

TOTaL 15-40

13 13 1 13 11 10 10 ... 1--144- --129. j-'-'-14i-- --1M --127 ---lU-1------- ------1--- - --------- --, I _ --94 - 83; 23 31 HI 30 .

TOTAL T------ .. --~I-·-· - ---- -------... I . 1,000 l,OOO! 1,000 1,000 I 1,000 . 1,000 .. ' \--;- --;- ---;-- ~ I--~- --~

OHAPTER IV.-l~GE,· .SEX AND CIVIf, CONDITION. 13

SUBSIDIARY TABLE '2.-Age dt:<;trt"butiou of 1,000 ~f earli 81:X liy rl!lijJion.

---~----~---------~--------~-.--

0-1 1-2 ~-a a-4 ·t-5

5 -10 10-15

15 20 20--2;; 25-30 aU-a5 3U-OW

4()-'4:J 45-50 50-55

I :~~ovo, !-----

1

TOTAT,O-5

TOTAL 0-1;:'

'l'oTAT,15-.J.O

TmAT,40-60

'l_'OTAr,

Mean Age

HIXIJU. l\IUS.\L~lAN. CHRISTIAN.

Males. I Female'!!" MaleR. I Ff'ruales. l\fale~.! F(Jmales.

t~ ~ -J---;----:--_~~ --- ---;--- --~;-- _J ~ __ ~_~

28 H

:!l ] :1 22

98

115 12U

--

;{:; 10 2lj :!,_: 27

---_--"

124

HI 1;30

:!o (j

] '1. I:? 1<1 !

----1-__ ~5_[_ R!1 !

110

2:! aa I 12 14 HI 29 I

J4. IS I HI ___ 23 j 85; 117 I III

___________ . ___ ~ _________ i

] 2S' 105: 1~)6 I 11\\ I, ]25 1;)3 II

- ~------" --- --- '-- - ·--:----·----~!----i 333 395 258: 355' 315 i a86 'I

__ ... - ____ ._ _ ___ ~ ______ .:~- - ____ --_1 _____ -

gf) : I{; 107 fl8 fl.J. 93 i ]00 lOa 111: 111 9R lOa I 121 ]O!I ];)5 !Ifl 110 95 I 107 i-l2 112 ]00 I 106 92 \

71:! ;i4 8;): .-i-t, 8H IJl I 502 -- 444 ~ ---~555 --462---

1,--492- -1-~444:

----- --------- ----------- ~-----i-------.- ---:-- ----.1 6:3 ;;~ H 1>3 i 66, 5/} I 34 :!s 3(~ a] ._j,i 28 :n :l;:; :n 3" S8 :)8 l:~ ];3 14 14 18 ]5

SUBSIDIARY TABLE a.--j_¥umber of fema,les to 1,001) 'rnale8 at end. arJe by religion8.

0- 1 0- ;:; 5-10

10-15 15-20 20-25 %-30 30-3f) 35-40 40--45 4·[)--50 50-55 5&-60

AGI<>PERIOD.

1

60 and over •••

T()'l'AT.

All l'f)ligi~. Hindu. lUu8alm:l.11. I ('] '. 1 i -' lrlstu1n ~ i

1

1,0:W 1,01fl 1.072 ],1;:;2 1,03·1 J ,030 J ,OJ!) ] ,104

!lOO 1,001 U35 1,037 ••• i 874 l'90 (;4·1 852

7D5 S14 ,-';;4 7nil S19 830 ,,8G 858 714 741 -HS U89 628 t331 1>-1.2 691 553 568 3R8 571 657 674 "ID 669 4)57 1376 5211 474 88(; I !).~O 579 S0:;

···1 ___ "~ ___ 1 ~~~+ __ ;r,~ i __ 1.~~~ ...l

1

801 818 609 I 799

4

·14 CHAIJ,]'.I!;R IV.-AGE, SEX AND CIVIJ~ CONDITJON.

I

0-5 :;-10

i 10-15

1

TOTXL O-lU

1--,

;'\1 arrip,l. I ". irlowed.

~-~:--1--7-'-~

iT 11111:11']'it'd.

I )~;: il 1;sn 1

--------~~-:-.-~--.---------.,--~~-- I===~:-,):-I---_--==_-~-:=-=-----:~-----! 11 i I ~ : 41' It:; i :\

112

; ];)-20 , 20~25 ,2;;-30 i 30-3"; ! :15-40

7() ill) 2 I 11.1 I s;; ~ I •• I ~;: 7J " I ;~ ~lO 1"

i J 1: ! ~~. ! ~ 2 , i): 21 i_~~_ .. __ ~~ __ i-___ I~! __ ._~'_I _____ ~ __ : ____ :~_ I!,

I 226 I 260 22 i 64' 317 i 67 ,--------1------ --------:----- ' __ ~_. ___ , I, 'J I .-, 1 ' ' ''', :?,'J .' 2-,.'

T(cl',n I5--.W

-to-45 '15-50 ;'0-55 ;'3-60 1;0 and over

I ~ i ~; I -1, ••• 12 y'

.. I 1 Tg ~,f :.,~ i i~ II 17 ., 29

~----~--~--I--- ----.--i-·-------I~-- ----____ _ ____ 1

185 27 51 I 109 i

-.-~~~- -- --~;;-1----446 -----~ i ---;;;;-1 TOTAT~ 40 A'1\P OVlm 5

T01'Ar. 555

SllBSIllL\J;Y TAB1"E 5.-])istriIJ/liion "if 1lI((?'n (lye-pel'io,7?; of 1,000 of each cIVil COJi(Jd;oll.

~\() E.

1 i 1------·_-- -~-----~---~~-! I 1 I 1- _____ ~___ __ _ _ __ . __ -< _. ____ •• _ I_

0-10 I ][1-15

40 an<1 OY~l'

1\IAL]·:~. I FE~L\'l;r:". ---~-----,---- --~- ----- - -- -~ ----------~--------, ~-----------

Fnma1'l'ied. I lWarriC'c1, \ridow€',l. I Unmarried, ~lalTie(l. "-ic1o\V.,d.

1,-

~ ., I ..

I

:17:1 2

211 1<

<-10(\ ~iG4 ....

10 ;nu

1 --- i

I

I H

~

2:l

k<10

1:1;;

7

1

2

;{i3

()24

--- ---1------ -----____ . _______ i _____ . __

,

T"1'Al. I

1,eOO 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000

CHAPTER IV.-AGE, SEX AND olvn CONDITION.

o ! '1 ; 0

I I

~ i~ ~ I~

-~jg>~ ,

Ig;

I ~T:-

-< o co ..... ...... ' 00 I"" ~ -~~~-~ 1;; i

-

I g \

....; , § J~

l

I~

_~ __ L ,

eli

,-~,., ~.,....... [

1-'7-1

"',.- !

""" ...... "" I' o C"I OC l~""

""''''''~ I' ~lQ ~ ~ 1-_ C? o:t- \' '<!'-~ .... :t- ....

Q Q Q .... Q

8_ Q Q Q ....

~i~·1 ! ..,.. C'1 "'" )' if, ..... oc_

~~~\

\

e-l l- ~ 11 Q

~ ,~ -----,-----~C<) g Q) ....

~~!3 ~~~

g .---~­

g ~ ......

.... :;;~~ ~. ~Q'),","" -.... t--CI':IO ¢ G']~~ ~_ ... OC"l(J'J Q

~~~ ~ .... o:!:t-...... 0 C")~~ ~ ....

g0~ ,i 8 -r I~ I ~ -- -1---

~:;;I ~ 0: 0 ..... [' 0

~:_---~ oc,::; =1' ~ '-

---------'--------- -----.-.-~-----

C"':I-t'~ ":'11_ ':'1 t-

J_ ,'X} .(~ Ir:- ~ 1_

l- ....

j

*~ [' -I

cr •• - 0 I ~ ..... "" cv:-t''':''I

<:>

~ ---~­

<:> o ~

o <:> ~ .... <:> <:> ~ ....

<:>

~ .... o o o ....

o o q .... o c q .... o <:> ~

o <:> <:> ..... <:> o q

___!""4_<

<:> o ~

----:-----"--

l_t_e It":- -- ~I -i"I 10

~1::-1r'7' r

-- ~ ,","'I ! -1-;;-

i i I i I

~cg""l

...... _r:'I-r _lO ~":,

.'"':: ~

~ c o q ....

c c ~ -<:> o ~

c o q

C I

8 I _ \

_ _....--[

~ I <:> ,

~ I

8 ~--I g I ..... I <::> i ~

c' ,,_ ~ C~~ ,......, 1-,....

c:.~u:.. l":' ~ 01 .... ...,

15

~i .... I

~_ ... ,- 0

[~ I .

16 CHAPTER IV.-AGE, SEX A~D C1YIL CONDITION.

SlJlIsm[L\.l~Y 'l'ABLK 7.----Civil nmdttl~()n (d' 1,000 Kot}agll8 or OOOnj8 of each- age-period !Iud {Sex.

CIYII~ ('Ol'llJI'l']c)N.

1

Dllma.rded

TOTAL

0-5, 5-1:2 , l:2-15_ 15··20, 20-W, I 40 A:"D 0\ leli,

I OJ

• ..:!! '!~' I ::: - I a ~'__I- ~ 2 a

-" - -

641; M2

4 a14 3<!5 2 I i I ,10 l:{;{! •••

,--- ---1----

22 817 815 3 Itli 1315

I ' .. 11,000 1,000 11,000

I I

1 13 48 127 170 603

;,000 ,~,::- -"O~ ·',000·\ ',000· ~::: ,,000: ,,:. ',0:-\,,": ',0.00 I

SUBSlDIARY 'l'ABLE 8.--Prvport-ion r4 the 8CXI'8 "!/ civil condihon for reliyion8.

NUURER UF F}JMALES PER 1,000 MALES. -

0-10, 10-1:>, 15-40. 40 AND OVER.

~ --I -~ --- -- I - - - - -_ roo rd - --- .-0

.~ rod ~'.~ • i .~"O rd ~ rO rc .~ rc ~

l:e I'~ ~ ~ ~ I 1 ~ 'E ~~ '~'I '5 ] '\ ~ 'E ~ I § ~ ~ 55 ..:;: ~ 1'1 ..! i:::: 1:1 I '" ,~ .: :Il .~

---: -~ _ _____:~-,_____::_ ~ ~;;::: ~ ~ t - ,-l~l \-;:;:l~~ -r:::l~ 1\ -]~- ~ _= _ _____ l ___ i_~_l _ __:__ -t 5-6 -i-;;- -8--;---I~- - £. 0 .,. l5 IG

I -~--------I------I I 955 9,000 839 4,HOb 29,000 241 I 894 12,359 1222 312 3,169

5it ,5(;4 5,5il iU 784

1

1 3,4';'6 61 215 3,857

... ,,' i 827 3,500 ... 2(;7 1],060 3,032, 1(;l1307 13,520 I ' I

I--,--i--------T-:-----,-I--i 909 14,500 : 821 4,972 3~~~1_ 227 I 981! _2,4{)~~~ 1_3G2 \ 3,196 1

Hindu ... 6(};3 7nl 12,8B II,ou

1\Iusalma.n. 4:32 :J!;l3 \ :l,712 ' 988

Chri~tia.n UK 7(;5 1 3 ,:146 : 1,OG5

---_ -- -_-_ I

TOTAL 645 764 i 2,853 !: 1,013

CR APTER V .-EDUCATION. 17 ------- ----_--- ----

Literacy of the total population.

OHAPTltJR V.

EDUC~A._TION.

(TAHLES VIII AND IX.)

42. In census phraseology "literate" includes every person -who can read and write.

Subsidiary table j at the end of this chapter shows that of the total population of Coorg 78 persons in every 1,000 possess this amount of learning. In Madras the corresponding figure is 63. In both male and female education Coorg is in i

advance of the Madras Presidency as a whole, for of 1,000 males in the former 128 , are literate and of 1,000 females 16, while in the latter the figures are 119 and 9 respectively. If the districts of Madras are taken separately, however, there are several which are superior to Coorg in this mai,ter.

43. Figures for the three main religions are given in subsidiary tables 2, 3 and 4, and these show that, as in the Madras Presi­dency, Christians are much 1ll0l'l~ literate than 1fusal­

mans and Musalmans are in advance of Hindus. The figures are given in the

Literacy in the variou$ religions.

Number ill 1,000 who arf) literatp. margin for facility of reference. The superiority of the Christians in the education of women is particularly

Males. Fe~;les. noticeable. Among the members of that religion there !i~ns~~~a;;~ ::: i~~ 13 are 384 literate females to every 1,000 literate males, Ohristians ... 352 168 while among the population as a whole there are only 98. The education of the males of this religion does not. however, appear to be in a progressive condition, as the proportion of those who are between the ages of 15 and 20 who can read and write is less than the corresponding percentage among those who are aged 20 and over. Among females the opposite is the case.

44. ]'01' Imperial Table IX, which shows the literacy _of selected oastes and

Literacy of the Coorgs. races, only one 1'ace, the Kodagus or Coorgs, /was picked out, the reasons for ehoosing it being those

already referred to in the last chapter in connection with Table XIV (Civil condition by selected castes).

Subsidiary table 5 gives the proportional figures for this race and shows that in every 1,000 persons belonging to it there are 162 who can read and write,-in every 1,000 males 284 and in every 1,000 females 37. In other words, the Kodagus are considerably more literate than the main body of either the Hindus or the Musalmans in the province (see the figures in the margin above), but do not approach the Christians in this respect.

45. For the fir:'it time in the hi.story of t,he censuses of Coorg, particulars were collected in 1901 of t.he vernaculars which the

The vernaculars which the literate literate population could read and write. Only certain ~O~ h h selected vernaculars a,re s own in t e tables, those chosen being Tamil, Telugu, Malay-aLam, Canarese and (in the case of Table IX) Kodagu or Uoorgi, the language which the Coorgs speak.

rrhe figures for the total population and for the t,hree main religions are given in subsidiary tables 1 to 4. "-rhese show that among the population generally far more people can read and write Canarese than any other vernacular, the number in every 1,000 males who know that language b~ing 96 against 11 who know l\falayaIam, 6 who know Tamil and 9 who know other languages. Only one man in the whole province can read and write Telugu.

In every 1,000 Hindu males, 104 can read and write Canarese, 8 MalayaIam, 4 Tamil and one other languag~s. -

In every 1,000 Musalman males, however, 96 know" other languages," which includes Hind6stani, and 38 MalaydJam (these latter are no doubt l\f;j,ppillas), while the number who know Canarese falls to 19.

18 CHAFTER V .---EDUCATION.

------------------

Christians are most literate in Canarese, then in Tamil and then in Mala­yalam.

1'he COOl'gs who are literate are practically all of them literate in Canarese (see subsidiary table 5), only 2 males returning themselves as being best able to read and write MalayaJam and only one as knowing Kodagu. A consirlerable­number of them have entered themselves as knowing how to read and write English better than any other lang-I.lage.

46. Literacy in English for the total popu]ahol1, the three main l'eligions and . " for tlle Coorgs is shown in these same five subsidiary

LIteracy In English. Of h 1 f h . tables. t e peop e 0 t e provlllce generally, only 9 in every 1,000 can read and write the language}-of every 1,000 males 14~ and of' every 1,000 females no more than 2. The corresponding figures in the -Madras Presidency are ;'), ~) and 1, so that Coorg is in advance of that Presidency as a whole in knowledge of BngliRh just as it is in literacy generally.

The numbel' of males and females in every 1,000 of eaeh of the main religions­who can read and write this language are Q'iven in the

Nunll)L'r in 1,000 lite'ratl' in English_ '-' margin. Hindus are superior to Musalmans in this

Hindus ... Musalmans Christians

M';l;s_ 1'\'111>11"8. respect though they were behind them in education :~ generally. The Christians are far in advance of the

17:-; :19 ,-' other two religions, but this is partly because the-

Europeans and Eurasians included under thls head are of course more literate in English than in any other language.

Of those of the Coorgs who can read and writ.e, 11 pel' cent. (12 males per cent. and 4 females per cent.) have returned themselves as knowing English.

1881 1891 1901

Progress made in Education. 47. rrhe figures in the margin show the progress Number of litl·l·at.('s in 100 which has been made in education in the province in

Males_ Fvma.les. the last twenty years. ]~:~ g:g Literacy alllong males is very little commoner 1;;J-k hi than it was in 1881, but among females it has made a

considerable advance, the percentage of the sex who can read ana write being nearly twice what it was ten years ago.

Number knowing English in ]00 Knowledge of English has also advanced rapidly, Mal.>s_ Fpmalt'~_" the percentage of each sex who can read and writ~

1891 1901

~:l 6:~ it, as the figures in the margin show, having doubled during the decade.

SUBSIDIARY TABLE l.-Rduc(ltion b!J Agc and Su.-TOTAL POP CLATION.

i ~UMB};R IN 1,000 I NUMBER HI'

1,000 LITERATE IN

1<JNGJ.ISH.

I<'EMALES I TO 1,000 MALES_ I 1- Literate. \ I1litt'l'att'.-T ;::;-r~~~l~g-=---~~aja- Ilcan~resc- (~::~

i i: ya arn. guagps.

AGE-PKRI0D. , ~- 'I -: ';!-! i !--- ~ ,--~ -'~!- ~ ~-I ~ --~--:i -~.~ ; - ~~~ I • - I· ! ........ I - I ~ I • ~! • I,....... • ....- • -... ......-4 ~ ci3 ~ ... '" I·'rr.:. ..... GO,w m ..... Irr. ..iiIllm ... rfl - 1;f.J "'"' ~ tf.I _ 'J:~ '"'" ..... ....... ,~ (!)1i:= r;; (li';:,';i c;.1 ""jCl.J ...... 0)1 ...... <l) ~ C,) ~ eS <1,.0 ......... <D ~-= 'I -0 Q; 8 I '0 76; ~- '"Cd ~ I CIt ffi Q; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ b '"; ~ ~ := ~ ~ IE-< :a ~IE-< ;;:1"" ~I[:::.(I:;;: ~l:;;:,~ ~ ~ ~ ~ E-< :;.: ~ H ;:::; i-:J

:--;-3 ~15-G-178-\---;;lw-11-112-I1314-15-1617-;819 20 -;Ii-;-;- -;;-, 1 I I

I~----:-- I I i I I I I I' 0-10 , 5! 1-1 :l 1199519921997 ... I ... I .. ... 6 2 ... I ... 1 1 1 1 301 1.018 83'

10-15 -- _ ,i 60 ! 92 23 940 \908 !)77 :1 1! _ _ _ 2 ___ Iso 20 I 5' 1 I 6 8! 2 221 l 940 216

15-20 __ . 106 162 371S94 (S3k 1963 5\1 I 7! 1 134 31 9 2 I 13 21 I 3 180 914 97

20 and over . __ \10S ,~:_I_:_ S92182~t8~~I_!~\~_ ~J_--_-1_17 ._1 '2'1'° _ _'_'_I-'- _: I 19 1_3_1_:__:_; m

To TAr, ... ( '1S \1281 16 922 \S'121984 1 6 II 1 -~.: -.. ill, 1 96111 91 1 I 91 14 \ 2 \ 9s1 904! 133 \

1

I 1 I

AGE-PERIOD,

I

1

AGE-PERIOD,

1

CHAPTER V.--EDUCATION.

SUBSIDIARY TARLE 2.- Education by Age, Sex (lnd Reliyion.-HINDU.

NUMBER IN 1,OOU

Literat(>. Illiterate. Tamil. I J)lala,. -----. ()ther .

'L'eltlgu., 'I Caoal'ese. Lan-I ya~.m. ,

NmWER IN II 1,000

LITERi\n: IN

EI\HLISH.

19

FEMAr,ES

TO 1,000 MAl.ES.

SUBSIDIARY TARLlii 3.-Fducaiion by Aye, Sex (flld Relz"gion.-LlIllSALMAN.

NUMBER Il" 1,000

0-10 ", 5 8 2 995 18921998 I 1 ...... II 1 "I 2 II 1 I [i I 2: .,: ... il

... 300 990 , .. 10-15 '" 58 87 1:J 942 1m3 988 I'> " .. , 11 ]:~ ... I 50 112 '" i .. 1'>6 6g7 15-20 '" 105 149 24 895 /851 '976 14. ... .. l23 ,. 22 .: 9(1 24 4, 5,., 88 636 I 20 and over ... 162 223 ~ 848 1777 \985 ~ __ .:.::. __ '_"_ ~I ___ I 23 1_'_' _1 125 __ ~ __ 3_ i_ -t_II_'_' _ 30 666 _~'~I

TOTH '" 110 169 13 890 11831 1987 15 \... .. ... II 38 I 119 I ... I 96112 2 ~ 3 ... 45 724" , , I I, , I ,. _. _______ c __ ~_ _______ ____ _ _____________________ _

SUBSIDIARY TA11LE 4.-Educatioll by Age, Sex find Religioll.-CHRISTIAN. ---~-------.. -. - .----_----_.-_.

I NU~BER IN !

------------,-------;-----;--7C",--- ] ,000 : .F~~MAM:S Mala- CaRa- Otltpr LI·rERi\1'~: IN I TO] ,ouo .MALEH.

Literate. IlIit. •. 'rate.; 'l'amil. Telugu. yi'tlam. l'PSI'. Lan- F;I\GLISII.'

I

, 0, - ,- 00 i - --;-1 --: - -00 - ,---- '!': - gnar:'- I '" :1- -- -2 --IE~ 00 ~ -lcr l

,.2 if. ~ rD ~ tiJ::= ® ~ ~:~ ·1'.;'..9: ~ f ~~c '3 OJ "s";; <l:1;1I<!O ~ "" ~ a" ~ '" $ "1% c: "-'IS ~ '-' I~o::

i I I AHE'P~;RIOD.

NUMB~;R 1!\ 1,(JOO LITERA'n: 11\

E-< ::a r;r..,==<I::aI"'" ~ ""'I::a r;r..,::a "'" ::a.r;r.. ~ ~ E-< ~,~I...:l ;::::; ~ o -;; " "=: -:;; I ~ ~ f l";l a: a! ~ ~ § C; I S '0 \ C; 1 <l> .-;0 ~)"'f'il ,---I ~ -2-3-4--5-1-6-1-7-1--8Tg!loTi]r]2T13-HI~5Tl6-'1171~';Ti912or21122123

0-10 ... 144 41' 46 958 959 1954 3 2 [... ...' :.. a 10 i... ".' 35 361' 34 1,188/1,062 1,000 10-15 •• ,[.2.26 25B 193 774 746 1807 20 18 ... "I .. '1' .. , )80 124 i .. , .. , II 61 63 60 646 821 BIB 16-20 ... 280 3] 6 ~36 720 684 1765 62 26 ... . .. I·.. .., \166 124 I 5 .. " 98 109 85 590 I 886 6111 20 and over. 1368 478 211 632 622 1789 ]0] 19 '" .. I 17 49 ,161 ... I 12 5 i211 258[143 311 1,063 390

! TOTAl. ... m 3021169 ,~29 648 1831 ~8 15~I_'~'_; 10L2_~ _ _l~_~~ ___ ~~_ i 8 \--2-?4ai178 ~_~91_~~4l1~251 44~

RACE.

SUBSIDIARY 'l'A.BLE 5.-Litel'ac!I of I1Uda[11l8 01' Coorfl8.

PERC~;NTAGE O~' LITERATES; ON

('ORBEl-iPONDING

PROVII\CIAI, TOTAT.

OF LITERATES.

PERCENTAGE O}' THE T01'AL .:\'UMIWR 01-' LI1'~:RATES IN TIn: CASTE OF PERSOl<S LITIiRAT~; IN

OTHliJR

L.\NGUA(}E".

PERCENTAGE OF

II.I,ITERATES

AMONG

20 CHAPTER VI.-LANGUAGE.

OHAPTER VI:

LANGU AGE.

(TADIJE X.)

48. The chapter on language in the Madras report discusses the various languages which are current in that Presidency, and

Only two vernaculars are peculiar as the vernaculars of Coorg are, with two exceptions, to ~org.

the same as those sp.oken in Madras, it is unnecessary to go over the ground again. rfhe two (?xceptions are Kodagu or Coorgi, the language of the Coorgs, and Yerava, the dialect of the caste of that name. Thi~ latter caste does not apparently occur outside the province. The former of these two languages is described hy Ur. Caldwell as standing about midway between old Canarese and 'rulu and the latter is usually treated as a dialect of Malayalam.

49. The subsidiary table below arranges the various languages which were

Statistics of the chieflanguages. returned in the schedules according to the families and groups usually recognised by philologists and also shows

the number in every 1,000 of the population who speak each of them. It will be seen that the language of the province is Oa,n!J1'e8iJ" 424 in every

1,000 of the people speaking it. Next in popularity comes Kodagu, which is the vernacular of 2 L 7 in every 1,01)0 of the population, or of nearly one quarter of it. It is spoken by others besides the race of Coorgs themselves, as though only 36,mn people returned themselves as Coorgs by race, 39,148 persons have,.. put down Kodagu as their parent tongue. One of the castes which use it is the A.yiri caste uf art,isans.. The number of persons who speak the language has increased 10 per cent. during the decade, which is almost the same as the rat.e of growth of the lJoorg race.

After Kodagu, COlllA Mcdu!Jalam, Yerava, and TId-a, whioh are each of them spoken by between 7 and'S per cent. of the population. Tuiu and Maiayalam are tongues which belong to Malabar and South Canara and the people who speak them must be immigrants from those districts.

Yeravt1, is returned as spoken by 13,175 persons against 2,587 in 18~H, but this iH probably due to more careful enumeration than to any real increase in the pimple who URe the language. It is explained in the Madras report that precau­tions were taken this year to endeavour to prevent the enumerators from returning persons as using the language of the tract in which they were found instead of enquiring what vernacular they actually employed in their own households. There are 1±,;)~6 persons in Table XIII who have returned Yerava as their caste, while the number of persons who speak the language is 13,175, so that apparently a considerable proportion of the caste use other veI'naCUlal's.

Hincl6stan:i is the vernacular of some 4 per cent. of the people. No other h:tnguage is entered by more than 3 per cent. of the population. Engli:;h is spoken by 454 persons, or 3 in every 1,000, and as the Europeans and Eurasians number 523, some of them must speak other tongues in their households. One of these is Porh~gnese, as it is returned by 111 people and these must be Goanese Eurasians -or Native Christians from Malabar, as no one has returned himself as Portuguese by race in Table XIII.

CHA.PTER VI.-·-L.4.NGUAGE. 21

SUHSlIH.Uty 'l'ABLE.-Ola,~81"jicatiu}/ of the LaJlguag(,8 returnf'd.

GRtWP. I I

__:_ ____ I __ _ 2

- ---._---, (: LAXOFAGES O~· Il\IoIA.

(0) Irallian Branch. i i

~l' ~

! 'V".tcrn.

1 Persian ."

lIC

~ North- } I :;;indhi ._:; ~, Western. .-~ I I' Stmth. f I ~[ura~hi ~ _I (: Goj"Tati ... ~ I' 'Vestern.::

~ I [, ~ 1 Western. ~; Panjiibi 1l . I Hajui<than( .... , I I Western Hindi

. L! ( r Gipsy

q I'i I .:!I i :::1)

~I l

Hornancc.

Teutonic

i 10 .. na1'o;;e i i Kodagu or Coorgl ~ ]\[ala;yalam

,I Tamil I l'l'e1ugu

i Tulu

unrecognisable ...

LAXGUAGES FOU:IGK TO INDIA.

{French Portnguese

{ I<:nglish Gorman ."

DI \LIlCT.

4

I Konkani I I KaclH'hhi I

:'I1(imani ... :!\lItrwari Hindol'lt{mi .. , Hindi I,amblid[ or I,abhani.

TO'LU,

Kurnmha

\'e1'[l"&

I Koraya ~~ .~ernb.Ula. ,

TO'fAT,

Grand Total

I POP1-I,.~TI()" H.J,:'ITHl\I:'<G IT.: PJl,O}'OItl'lO:'\ I -- ------ -- 1 ,a: 0" I

persons.j Mnles. !pemnlcs, POPUT,ATIOX.!

1---_5-]--,~--i '7 1---8- 1

!

10 7 ;1

. Ii Ii

].j.

I !

7 (j 1

~,::!4~ l,2(iZ !llSO 2,58:; l,;;!-H l,()O l-

102 tis ati ~9 ~:! 7

t; ., : :1 ..

4 .j.

10 !) 1

.. ;17 I G,6Gn ::.t)110 ::,OO~l

10 ;; 5

__ _:_._-I i 27 2u 7' --_ ._------

65 I i------ -_ --_. ~-I

421· I 2a

76,608 .J-(l,:51.2 :It:,lI(j1]

" 11,701 6,647 5,054

4,](;:': ~J7l :m,148 }f),9:)!

14,O:W IO,HI;I 1:1,17;; n.7~1

:J,18!1 2,.SS7 1S II

2,{)71 I,G65 12,~)~)·J, H,Hi2

1,!)9] 1!1,ll:17

3,:l7I'l 6,454 ~,30~

12 1,30n 4,322

217 78 1

7;{ I

:m I IG 7~

------ ---- ----- ---------_ 168,307 ; 93,276 75,031 932 1--;---------! '

I 9 • 7 :! ...

:---I--~- ------1 " I I

1l~1 Gg 1 .13 1 . t

4:i·t I 2 t7 i 20711 3 I I 2:!!_ 12 L_2~ __ .. _. _I : 590 (, 328,' 262 I 3

1--:--- ---1----1180,6071100,258! 80,349 1,000

22 CHAl'TElt VII.-INFlltlIHTIES.

OHAPT]!]ll Vll.

INFIRMITIJ1JS.

('fABI,ES XII AND XII-A.)

50. Four kinds of menta] ana bodily infirmities were recorded at the census, namely, insanity, deaf-mutism frolll birth, blindness

Statistics of infirmities are usually :uid corrosive leprosy. Like those for every other inaccurate.

province, the Coorg figures are probably rendered inaccurate by the difficulty the enumerators experienced in correctly diagnosing these (lisenses and by the reluctance felt by parellts in admitting that their young childron were afflicted by them, hut as these sources of inaccuracy apply at all

. censuses alike they constitute no reason why tho figures of one enumeration sllOuld not be compared with those of another.

51. Huch a comparison shows (see the particulars in the margin) that during the last twenty years :t decreasp, lIas occurred (not.

Decline in the number of the a:lllicted. withstanding the increase in the population) in the

number of persons afflicted with each of the four infirmities, and that the only one 'rotn1 llu11lhcl' of of them which is more frequent than it

lSt!l 11:%)1 1001

1nsf1n,'s. Dea·f·mutcs. 37 175 44 126 :32 1.04

was ten years ago is blindness. This mind. L"I~(!3rs. dee1ine occurs in the ease of all three 1()~ ,.

~c; 23 main religions and of both sexes with !JH q '-

, two exceptions, namely, that insanity is more cOlUlllon among ltIusalmans among females.

than it was and that blindness occurs more often

52. 'fhese foul' infirmities are usually fonnd to be more common among males

Infirmities in the two sexes. than females and this char'fl,cteristic is observable in the case of leprosy and deaf-mutism. 'rile insane persons

of each_ sex are, however, exactly equal'in number and blindness is commoner among females than males,Dwillg to the inclusion in the returns of an exceptional number of women oyer 60 years of age who ,11'e afflicted wit,h that disease.

53, Coorg shows a smaller proportion of persons suffering from each of the . . four infirmjtips than the Madras Presidency as a whole,

C.ompanson of the number of affilct- as the fiO'Ul'es in the marO'in show 'md the difference is ed l.n Coorg and Madras. J ~' l:' , •

Coorg' )Ia,h;as '"

eF!pecially marked in the case of leprosy. The pro-Kt1l111H'l' ill 100,(01) uttlid"d "ith portion in Coorg is also smn11er than

that in the adJ' oining British districts of Jlfsa"itv. [l,'fif-luutiSlll. Blilllhlf'SB. l;1'j '1'08 \ ,

lS - 58 5;~ Ii . i-lonth Canara and "Malabar ill the case 1 H tH 89 ali f 11 f f th :t' t 1 f

c 0 a our 0 e faseases (.'xcep (ea-mutiRm.

54. The subsidiary tables at the end of this chapte1.: give the main facts of the . snbject in condensed and proportional forms but it. is

Insamty. l' ·d· h . h Id b ,-' very necess:wy t mt In COIlSI ermg t ese It s ou e constantly remembered that wh,ere the actual figures are so small percentages are apt to be very misleading. For similar reasons the figures in these tables which are exhibited by ages are very irregulal\ rraking them at wh'l.t they are worth, they flhow that insanity among males chjefiy occurs in those who are between 20 and 30 years of age and Hmollg females in those aged between 25 and 30 and between 35 and 40. In Madl'as, mental infirmity among females was commonest at the ages between ] 0 and 19, when child-bearing usually begins, than at any other period.

55. Only congenital deaf-mutisHl ought'to have been 8ho\vn ill the schedules~ , ___ and ,if thi8 distinction waH accurately observed the

number of the afflicted in the earliest age-period,_O.,-,5-, ouft'ht obviously to be higher than that in any other and the ullmbel' of the infirm 0·, (

Deaf-mutism.

in each succeeding ago'-period ought to get gradually and regularly les8 as death carries off its victims. Subsidiary table ~ shows, however, that the proportion of

CHAPTER VII.--IN},'IRMITIE8., 23

-deaf-mutes in the age-period 0-4 is only about one-;-,;eventh of that in the next period 0-9. The reason for this is partly tho tendency oE parents, already referred to} to conceal t.he existence of infirllliti~s in their young children and partly the fact that ehildrell of three or four years of age are often returned as being five Yf)arS

0-]0 ]O-2(l !!O-30 ;{O--i(l 4-0--50 .5U-tiO

])istril'uliflJl /J/dpaJ~m"tesl,y aye.

]!'((l

I\S

li\'nl_u>ll'~ . 17H :\:13

-tiO 11 wI 0',. 'l" •• , ]7

old. At the nges above 5-9 the decline ill the number' of the afflicted in both sexeR il" very it·regular. This is owing to tlw lnaccl1rac-)" of the age-returns. ,Vhen tbe lHllubers are la.rger these i IHlCClll'HCies tend to counteract one another, hut here the actual figure!' are very small. If, however, we take decen­nial, in:o;tead of qllill f(l18llUial age-periods the irreglllarit y is lUuch less marked, as

1,000 1,000

the fignres ill the margin show.

56. Blilldness is commonest in men among those who are between 50 and GO

Blindness. and in women among those ,vho are, aged 60 and ol,er. lv!ore than a. qlHU'ter of the blind females are of

this advanced age, and this is perhaps dne to t.he faet that women live longer than men and are thus more liable to the iutit'mities of ol(l nge. of which blindness 18 one.

Leprosy. 57, Lepers are so few (only nine in number) that no deductions can be made from thejr ages.

58. Imperial ~rable XII-A gives statistics of the castes ami !'aces ill ,,,hich the

Infirmities by castes. infirmitie:;; occur, but here tho ~wtual figures ,\l·e smaller than ever and more caution than ever is consequently

necessary ill ell'awing deductions from them. Even with the fa.r DlOl'e llumerous ,castes which ocellI' in ]\ladras it was found necessary to group conneeted caste,;;;­before clealing with the stati~tie~ for them, aBel in the case of Coorg it may be stated that no clea\"illfel'ence~ cnn be flrawn f['ont the tignres.

SUBSIlHA[{Y TABLE l.-Average numhl?r ul" ajjtieied p('r 10,000 oj eO('it se:M bl/ religion8 in 1881, lH!n (wd tHOl.

Hinlh. .:\Ju~lilm(Ln

ChristiaJl

'l'0'l'.~ L

JX:-:;.-\XE.

Total.

,

I F('nwlt,s. )

__ -, , - _, .. __ 1 ___ -'" I

1

" . ii, ii' ,I

.:. .!, I, ., '. . .)1. . i . I . !. . .~ - ~ 1-- - - i_' - ! - I - '- - ~'- I - - -. ~ o I ~ oc 1 ~ I ~ n. 0 . = . ~ ~,~ 00 8 1= 00 8 =, 00,

-;:. IE-li~ II ~_1,;S:3';:' ;--~ I:-~--;:' i~-Y :-~-, ~-\-~'_::_1,-~-1~i-I 20 1 21 2!! I 2:~ :H! 2:; i/fi i 27 i 2H ; 2!l I 3t) !H I ;32 ! 33 :Ho .35 86! 3~

, 1 6 'I' 5 [ 9- ;; \ " . 10 '\ e 'I ' .), n ~ 1: lr 2 1, 1: 2 i - -; I -I . I 6 I 6 I 7 5 I G (5 f): 1';', !}: ,1 i 4' 1. I ;;, • • I 4

1 __ 3_1, __ 3_1._3 __ '_'_'__ ,';,,' (i_I 'I.,. ! 3 I ... i ... i··· 7 I .. , 1- 51 5 1- 9 I 41 510-! I> ; -6-j-9'- - --i-I-2-'-]--:--I-:-31- .. -. :~112

BL1"'U. LEPER.

Total. Tota l.

24 CHAPTER ·VII.~INFIRMITIES.

SrBSIDIARY TARLE 2.-Distribution by a!le of 1,000 person8 ill eadt sex for each tn/h'mily_

()-1

1-2 2-:~ ;{ 4,

·f··;)

;; ·10 1 u-1;; H,· 20 20-25 25-:W :10-35 3.> to -10-4;; .!,j-.j()

:>O-;j;j ;;;; t;O

t iO find aVe>'

AGE-PERIOD.

TC'I'AL 0 :;

8 i !

MAl.ES.

8 i 17

] c:;

. 22 I 9

9 lia

"C

.5 ~

20 :

16 ! 17:22 17 22 20

32 : :~ I 41· 35' (j:~ 22 ·10

136 187 2.~7 122 187,];:;li' is 120 I 62 220 44 104 62 I :WO :~!1

80 I 12;; 68 H!l 104, 12;) I 133 i if;, 104 IR8 102 tsu 87' 125: 133' ;w 96 IH.Il I H8 III 87· ]88 {Ii I ill

120 12" 118 SH aBH 96 I 111, PH 334 48 (;8 44 61 ISH 22 i ::0 I a:~3

112: 1 i:; 51 l:i3 ;,00 52 lit -! I" (ill, 40 I 17 67 Wi 70 Iii 'lS 56 .. I luG 26.. i ,;~H! :ia3 24 \ m 17 all

... 32 t 17 G7 I 139 i "1;; 27;, I

'" t 1,000 11,Qoo(h .. ooo- 1,000 1 1,000 i 1,000- 1,000 -\,000 : 1,000.1

1,000 ; . _ I,

SUBSIDIARY 't'ABLE a.-IJtstrz'bution of znjirmitU'8 b!l a,qe amon.fJ 10,000 of tIle populahon.

0-1 1-2 2·a 3-·1 4·;;

5-10 10-15 15-20 ~0-25

25-RO 30-35 a5-4{) 40-4;; 45-50 50-55 55-B0 flO find over

AGE-PERIOD.

TUl'AL 0·,5

-'foTAL

I I

I

'" ! ... !

1IIAu:s.

..c ~ ,: c.: '" i ~ E=E ~ I ~

-o:! "" <:: '" .o~ !? '" ~ t'" .:; j ~ \

4 .j. !

Ii 5 9 ;; 5

4 2

,; "" :::.. ~

...:

5

9

4

FEM.\r.E~.

5

15 ;{ ] 2 13:l n

... i ~~ ~ ] ! ~ ~: ! ! ~ 4 2 5 2 ;;

18 ~ ti 4 12 2 7 10 2 3 4 11 3 3

2' 16 7 7 i 14 . 2 6 4 . I 5 I.

8 5:J i ,16 7 :.l 22 3 5 n 5 14 2 " 7 .

. I

I -I

1 2

14 . . . 3 tl ~ a 35 ];~ 22 I ... I 22 I 22 11 ,7 , 4

1 23 2a 19 lIB I ... .. : i :: --2 i-~-- 1: - 1; :: )--2-1-- ~t-_.5:-i___:··~·-i

SUBSIDIARY TABLE 4.-P1·oporUolt of female."I o:fJfir:ted to 1,000 male8 at each age.

AGF,-PERIOD. "rotal Insam.. Deaf-mute. Blind, __ ·i\ Lepl'_l". \1 I afflicted.

(-'_-1--~----------···-.. -It---l-'OOO-+--·----:----~I-.-.~-,00--:0 ::: I l-:! '" .

2-a ::: I' \ ;{-.j. .!-;', 1,000 1,000 1,000

;)--~O

10 1;) 1;;-20 20-:;5 2;';-30 ao-a" :15-40 oW·4;; 4.~50 :>0-5;:; 5G-60 IiG and ov('r

... I~~~---l-'O-O-O-I-- --:-- -;---···--50-0- ---I-,;O-()--:

824 ----1,-000-1------;;00 -~--I----··-· -800 1 000 G92 ] /JOO , .. ,

1,200 1:000 1,600 1;000 I ...

TOTAL 0-;)

769 G67 1,000 500 i ~ 1,000 ~ ~i 733 714] ,250 I

1,167 250 1,000 'I

429 500 667 500

GOO

1,'800 3,000 1,667 ; 429 286 1

~,~ 2,000 4.~~~ , ____ _

TO'l'AT, -----;so --1,000 1-----.7-6-3-11---1-,.1-3-31 500 ~--,---~-~-~-".~ ~.--.- .. ---------- --------~. -

OJIAPTER 'VIII.--CASTE, 'I'lUDE OR HACE.

OHAPTl!-'R FIlL

CAwrE, '1' RIBE OR RACE.

(T"\Bf.ES XIII A~D XVIlI.)

59. Of the castes given in Ta91e XIII an except twelYe, l1amely, Aiyambok­kulu, Ayiri, 13inepatta, K~iyadi, Kodagu or Coorg ~

Most of the Coorg castes are Kutunla ~laMJ?a Medn. Yerava Pule, Tuluva and referl'pd to in the Madras report. T" , '. h' - .

Kappala, occur frequently III t e Madras Pre:"ldency and notes regarding them will be found in the casto glossary attac11ed to Chapter YllI of the report on the census of that province. These t'welve exceptions make up 32 pel' cent. of the total population of Coorg. Only two' of them, }}O\yover, tlle Kodaglls (36,0f)1) and the Yeravas (14,.586) are at all numerous, and notes of the measure­ments of these two and a discussion of the place among other castes which may be assigned to them will btl found in a paper nlliitlec1 'I'll('. Coorgs ·tI1ul Y(,1"rll'rtfl, a1'/J

dhnolo!Jical cOlltrast, by ]\11'. T. H. Holland', F.G.S., in the Journal of the Asiatic :-:lociety of-Bengal, Volume LXX, Part III, No.2, 1901. AJI the tWf\]ve castes are referred to in the Rt7wographical OrnJlpentiiwJn of the Ocv,fe>: and Tribes found in the P,·olj,:nr·e. ().l C(l()T(! written by the Hev. G. Richter, late Inspector of Schools in Coorg,. and I have had no- time to __ vj8it the c~untry to make further enquiries about t,hem. Regarding two of them, however, the Ayiris and the Yel'uvas, I have been furnished by officers of the province wit h certain fresh particulars which are not mentiolled by Mr. Richter and I accordingly give these below.

60. Ayi'ri.-The Ayiris are the art.isan casto of Coorg and correspond to the

The Ayiris. Kammulas of Malabar and the Tamil districts. Like other artisan castes, they are (1 ividcd into groups

according to the particul:lr occupation which they follow. Thus, there are the Tattas (goldsmiths), the Ko1las (blacksl'niths) . and tIm r:racclulJiris (carpenters). 'rheir tradition is that they came to Coorg from Malaba]' during the reign of Dodc1a Virappa 'VodiyaJ', but they now speak the Coorg language in their homes and follow many of the Coorg customs. rrhe caste has no recognised. headman but the­usual panchtlyats decide caste matters. These are generally assisted ill their deli­berations by some of tho Courgs. They can fine up to 100 hanas (n hana is 3 annas 4 pies) and can also excommnnicate. Marriage is 11 sually adult. Difference of employment is no bar to intermarriage, a carpenter's SOll, for example, being allowed to marry a blacksmith's or a ~goldsmith's daughter, hut there is one section of the­caste called the Kambala .. A .. yiris, who are said tlJ be sprung from out-casted member~ of the community, with wbich the others will not marry. A man may claim his sister's daughtel' or son as a 'match for his son or <laughter. The marriage ceremony resembles that of the Coorgs, the bilJdil1 g portion of it consisting in the man taking the girl by the hand and leading her a few steps. ,\Vidows may remarry ~f they wait for six months after their husband's death. They generally marry their Jate husband '8 brother and, as lIsual, the cere­monies at the marriage of a. widO\\" are £e,,-('1' and simpler than those at that of a maid. DiYorce is allowed on strong grounds, such as tlJe leprosy, insanity or a<1ultery of the wife, and is effected by the husband repudiating her jn the prc'sence of relations and. neighbours and returning to her the things sh8 brought wjth her on her marriage. Divorcees may remarry. '1'he Ayiris follow the ordinary Hindu rule3 of succession, and not the Mal'umakkattayam law. ~rhe caste does not employ Brahmans as priests, its people performing their own CCl'emOllies, and does not weal" tllC sacred thread. '1'he dead are either burnt or buried and ceremonies ar'e per­f~rmed on the twelfth day after death, but annual sraddha:3 are not obseryed. The Ayiris eat mutton, game and pork, but not beef, and they drink alcohol.

61. Yerava.-The Yeravas a,re one of the lowest castes in the province and are Th y coolies and landless dav labourers by occupation, They

e eraVaI. have two endogamous sub-divisions, the Paniyas and the Panjiris, and the former is said to have eight and the latter twelve exogamous

. 7

26 CH~\_PTER VIIl.-CASTE, TRIm] OR RAOE.

sections, most of which are ter:r:-itorial in origin. Both sub-divisions have a head­man who seems to act also as its priest. That of the former is known as tbe Muppa and that of the latter as the K:lllaladi. r:ehe former can impose a fine of six brass bangles aud the latter a penalty of 8 hanas. Panjiri Yeravas admit outsiders of higher status to their ranks on payment of a small fee to the headman. The marriage ceremony is the usual simple affair common among the lower castes, but the tali is tied round the girl's neck by the headman of the sub-division. .A Paniy:t Yerava may not marry two sisters but a Panjiri Yerava may. 'Vidows and divorced women may marry again. The favourite deity of the caste is Kal'ingale which means" the black-legged one." The Yeravas eat pigs, rats and vermin but not beef.

62. Rtatistics of the Europeans and Eurasian~ in Coorg are given in rrable

Europeans and Eurasians. XVIII. There are 228 -Europeans, of whom 212 are British subjects and the other 16 arc mainly French

and Gel'man missionaries. Of these Europeans, 137 are males and 91 females and, as is u~ual in India, most of them are either under 12 years old or between the ages of 30 and 50. There are 295 Eurasians and of these, as has already been men­tioned, a considerable proportion seem, from the pa.rent-tongue figures, to be Goanese from Malabar.

OHAPTER IX.-OOCUP.ATION. 27

CHAPTER IX.

OCCUPATION.

(TABLES XV AND XVI).

63. The :,;cheme of classification of occupations in Table XV is, in its main essentials, the same as that followed in 1891, but on the

The scheme of classification of occu- • " 1 b d . U' pations. ., present occaSlOn an attempt laS een rna e t? dllJer-

entiatc those who actually work at each means of liveli­hooo from thosE' ·who are dependent upon others working at it. For this reason and also because Reveral of the groups jn the scheme have been transferred from one Rub-order, Order, 01' Class to another, few comparisons can be usefully institute(l between the figures of t1le present cenSllS and those of the enumeration of 1891.

64. The many difficulties which surround t.he preparation of au accnr;'tte account of the occupations of the people, both at the

Difficulties in preparing the statistics. enumemtion and in the abgtraction and tabulation, have

been referred to in the 1Iadras report and need not be again set out. rrhe vague­ness of the entries in the schedultJs relating to owners of, and labourers OJ), coffee estates which are there referred to occurred again in the case of Coorg and it is not possible to be sure that some _of those who returned their means of livelihood as " cooly" or " cultivation" were not really labourers on coffee estates, or to tell hOl\'

Ulany of those who entered themselves as "coffee cultivators" wp.re owners or managers of estates e1l1d how lllany were merely labourers employed upon them.

65. A clearel' idea or the meaning of Table XV can be gathered from the proportional summary of it given in subsidiary table 1

Rural simplicity of the occupa.tions at the end of this chapter than from the actual figures of the population. <J

themselves. It will be seen from this that the occu-pations of t.he people of Coorg are mailJly of a simple and pastoral :Kind.

66. No less than 81'8 pCI' cent. of the inhabitants of the province subsist by

AgTiC'Illtural occupations. agriculture (Order V in the scheme) in some form or another. As many as 46 per cent., or nearly one-half

of them, are landholders and tenants, another 19 per cent. are agricultural Jabourers, and 16";) pel' cent. nre included in Sub-order 12, Growers of special products, which consists almost, entirely of those who are engaged in the cultivRtion of coffee, whet.her as owners or managers of estates or as labonrers employed upon them. Probably, moreover, tIlo greater part of those who are compri8ed in sub-order 7.1, General Labour, are really mainly agricultural labourers, so that perlutps the real number of those who subsist by the land is some 83 per cent. of the population. Of the persons in suh-order 10, landholders and tenants, 88'1 per cent. are c:1ltivating landowners, and another 9'6 are cultivating tenants, leaving only 2'3 as non-cultivating landowners. Arranged in otht:r ways, these figures show that 90'4 of the people in this sub-order are landowners and tho remaining g'G are tenants, while 97'7 of them are actual cultivators and only 2'3 l1on-cultivators.

67. After agriculture, the only Orders which support more than 2 per eent. of

Oth . t t· the people are Order VII, Food, drink and stimulants, er pr om1nen occupa IODS.. • fl' .. .

a large proportIOn 0 the peop e lncluded In whIch are grain dealers, petty bazaar keepers and toddy sellers, and Order V J, Persona], household :md sanitary Rervices, those comprised in which are mainly cooks, washermen, indoor servants and barbers. Outside these three Orders, and excluding the general labourers already referred to, there are, indeed, only three· occupations which support more than 1,000 of the people of the province. These are cart owning and driving (groups 417 and 419), working in precious metals and· stones (groups 016~318) and making and selling baskets, mats, brooms, etc., (group 347).

Subsidiary table 2 sets out these principal occupations of the population in the order of their magnitude and it will he seen that as few as fourteen ·means of subsistence support as many as 90'5 per cent. of the inhabitants of the province.

28 CHAPTER IX.-OCCUPA'rION.

68. r.rhe industrial part of the people, properly so termed, is almost negligable,. for though Olass D, the industrial class in the scheme~

Industrial occupations. supports 9'5 per cen't. of tho inhabitants, the great majority of those are the traders in Order VII, and tho goldsmiths and basket makers already referred to,

69. Learned and artistic professions (Onler XX) support 1 per cent. of the people but more than a third of these are llative-·

Learned and artistic professions, d II}' . 1 1 1 d octOl'S, astro agel'S ane e IVlllel'S, an< peop e emp oye about the temples, nOl10 of whoso duties are nsually either learned or artistic in the­strict sense of the word'S.

70. Subsidiary table ~~ givE'S particular;,; of the number of actual workers in each order and claRs who are partially agriculturist,. that is, live mainly by some non.agricultural occllpa··

tion hut have, in addition, an interest of some kind iu land. It will be seen that these persons number 8(11_ As many as 240 of them are people whose principal' means of subsistence is employment under Governnwnt, and the majority of these are found in the upper ranks of tIle Yal'ious servicos. Another 133 Jive mainly by the learned and artistic professions of Order XX and of these 41 are schoolmasters. N ext in num bel' come those whose principal occupation is connected with" transport and storage." They number 103, and 66 of them are eart 0'Yners or drivers. A fair proport.ion of the cooks and washermen also havo an interest in land.

Partia.l agriculturists.

71. The last two columns of subsidiary table 1 give the percentage of the persons supported by each class, ordf'l', arlel '"sub-order

ProportiQn of actual workers to who ar. e (Ct) actual workers at tIle occupations included dependents.

in them and (li) dependerits upon such [lctual workers, 'rhe instructions to the erl'umerators directed that every person who earned any income at an by following a ineallS of livelihood should be returned as" an actual worker, whether tbat income was sufficient to support him or h8r entirely or not." Consequently only those persons are shown as dependents \vho did no work or any kind. ..

rrhe" percentage of tllOStl supported by, the various occupations in the scheme who are actual workers is thus high, being 70'1 per cent .• and the dependents form tIle remaining 29'9 per cent, of the population", "

rrhis high figm;c is not, however, maintained in all the orders and sub.orders_ In those in which women and children cannot take the part of actu:;t1 wQrkers the percentage is cOJlsiderably lower. rrhns iu Oreler XX, Learned and artistic pro-· fessions, only 47'3 of those W-110 ~re Suppol'te{l hy the order are actual worke['s at the occupations included in it. On the othel' lland in the orders, in whi~h wpmen· a:t"ld children can take the part of actual. workers such as Order IV, v;:hi.ch consists.­mainly of herdboys; Order V, AgI·iculture; Order VI, Personal and househbld services; Ord'er .lX, which comprises all the coolies engaged in b11ilding; Order· XIX, which mainly" consist,s of bai1(iy drivers; and Order XXII, Earthwork and, general labour, the percentage of actual workers is higher than in the province as :i whole. " . ". " " .

72. Subsidiary table 4_shows the number of t,he actual workers in each order . k W hq belong to each" of the two sexes, and this brings

Proportion of female actual wor ers. . '" h . ' . " . . ont muc the sam~ ,pomt agam. There. are 06 female

act·ual workers to every 100 males, and, of the more numerously represented orders the percentage of actnal workers belonging to the gentler. sex is/highest, in Orders V," Agricn1tllre, and VI, PersOl"lal and ·household serv.ices, while among those in whic.h it is lowest are Orders XX, Lefl~>ned and artistic professions and I, Administration .. ,

73. Impe,rial rable XVI gives statistics of the occupations by wh~ch the' . fth C Coorgs or Kodagus live. {"rhe .}·eason8 for the selectiou·

Ocoupatlons 0 e oorgs. f th' f" h" ·bOt· 'th bl 1 1 d , _ ..: 0 'JS r$.ee" .or ex 1 1 lOn 'In e ta e lave n rea y' been givelt ~bove iuChapter JV. -Subsidiary table. 5 at tl1e end of this chapter· gives the figures in proportional forms and in more detai1. It will be seen th~t" of I" the 23,650 actual: workers which the . race comprises" no less than 2;3,889, or 96-8 per cent., are either landlords or tenants ·who themselves· cultivate the landR they hold. In 3ddit~0n, to this 98 more are owners or tel1ants of -1and . which' they do-

CHAPIER IX.-'OCCUPATION. 29"

not cultivate themselves, 71 are agricultural labourers and 72 subsist by owning or cultivating coffee eRtates. In other words, 97·8 per cent. of the Coorgs depend directly upon the land for their living. Of the remaining 2·2 per cent" 212 are employed in the public service prQper and ] 47 more as forest. rangers and guards, teachers in schools, villagp officers, in the Survey and Public Works departments and on railways outside the province, and 75 as personal or domestic servants.

SUBSIDIARY TABLE l.-Slwwz'ng the di8tribution 0/ the population amon,r; the 'l.arious Orders and 8ub-orders.

ORDER A:->P SUn-ORIl);;R.

1

PERCENTAGE ON T01'AL

POPULATION OJ.'

P{'rsons supported.

Actual workers,

PERCE!,;TAGE IN' E.,I.CH

: ORDER AND JSUB-ORDEl~ O~'

!----I ----------

,~ 01' kel's_ Dependf>nts, I Actual

._------ !------------2

I,-Administration 1. Civil Service of the State '" 3, Service of local and municipal bodies 3, Village service

'I 3 I 4 5 , --- ~ .. I--~'7-7--,---~-~4,-- 51'0 I "', '7 '3 ~~:~ I

49'0 48'7 70'8 42'0 75'7 75'7 68'7 64,.3

JI.-Defence 4. Army

IJJ.-S"rdee of Natin) and Foreign States G, Civil Officers 7, Military

TO'l'AL, Cr,Ass A.-GnI'J':R!,;M11::l:T

IV,--·Provision and care of animals 8, Stock breeding and dealing' !}, Training and care of animals

V,- Agl'icultul'P 10. Landholders and tenants 11. Agricultural laboUl'ors 12, Growers of special "[Jrod'Llct",

anll

I i I

'1. 58'0

'8 ,4

24'3 24'3 31'3 35'7

50'1

100'0

49'9 ------ ------ - ---~-- ------

81-8 46'2 19'0 16'5

'3 '3

58'1 30'5 13'8 13'7

85'1 90'3 43'1 71'0 66'0 .4'2'8 83'2

14'9 9'7

56'9 29'0 34'0 27'2, 16'S

13, Agricultural training and SUP"l'\'isioll forests ••• I '1 '1 56'9 43'1

TOT.-\r" Cr,Ass B,--PASTURE AND "\.GRICUL'l'UR"

YI.--Pel'Ronal, Househo1d and Sanitary SPl'dops

14. Pprsonftl and uomestio serviC'l'S

15. Non-domestie entertrLinwent IG, Sanitation

TOTAr", CLASS C,-,PllRSIlNAL SF.RVICF:S

YII,'-Pood, ilririk and stimulants 17, Pl'o\'ision of Animal food IS, Vegetable food Ifl. " Drink, condiments and stimulants.

VIII ,-Light, Firing- and Forage 21. Pud and forage

JX,--Buildings 22. Bui1ding materialfl 28_ Al'tifieers in building

X, - Vehicles and vessels :!5_ Carts, carl~iage8, ete.

XI.--SupplC'mC'ntary Requirements '27_ Papel' 28. Books and prints 2!l, Watches, clocks and scientific instrUlll('nts

, •• !

3:1, BlI,ngle .. , necklaces, beadR, s>Lcl't'd threads, ete, ." :14. FurnitUl'f' 3G, Tools and machinery

XIf.-T,'xtile Fabrics and Dross 3'3. \Vool and FlU' 3D, Silk 110. Cotton 4 \, .Tute, hemp, flax, coil', et,o, 42, Dress .. ,

X[1L--l\(ctals anrt Pr .. cious Stones 43, Gold, silver ilnd precious I'It(>Ill'S

41., Rrasfl, copper, bell-metal, etc. 4~}, Tin, zim', quieksilve'l' and lead 41;, Iron an(~ st('el

------------ -------l------58'4 28'9 82'1 71-1

I !------------------------i ' 2'3 1'7 72'7 27'3

2'1 1'6 7a'5 26'5 ... ,.. 47'9 I 52'1

i 'I '1 65'5 34'5

I--~-;S- --J.1--72-:-r --27-;------- ------------

5'4 3'3 61'1 38'9 '6

,,, '4 63'7 36'3

2'1 1'3 60'0 40'0 2'7 1'7 OJ '4 3R-6 '1 -I 70'9 29'1 -1 '1 70-9 29'1 '4 '3 73'3 26'7 -I 58'7 41'3 '3 '3 75'S 24'2

82'2 17'8 82'2 17'8

'2 'I 49'4 50'6 41'0 59'0 32'4 67'6 33'3 66'7

'1 'I 54'3 45'7 50'0 50'0 4:1,'4 55'6

'8 '4 57'3 42'7 48'6 51'4 40'9 59'1

'2 'I 67'5 32'5 100'0

'5 '3 54'4 45'6 I'D '6 60'1 39'9 '6 '4 58'5 41'5 '1 -I 81'S 18'2

47'7 52'3 '2 'I 58'0 42'0

8

.30 OHAPTER IX.-OCCUPA'rION.

SUBSIDIARY TABLE l.--Showt"ng the distribution of the population among tile variou8 Orders and sub-orders-continued.

ORDER _~X]l SUB-ORDER.

1

XIV.-Glass, Barthen and stoneware 47. Glass anti chillawan, 48. Eartl>en ana stoneware

XV."---\Yood, cane and leaves, etc. ,19. 'Yood and bamboos 50. Canewol'k, mfl,tt,ing and leaves, etc.

XVL-Drugs, Gum"!, Dves, etc. 51. Gums, wax", resins and similar

duc':' forest Pj'O-

l'ERCEXTAUr: ON TOT"\ J,

POPUL.\TION OF

: Persons i 8UppOl'tl'd,

,-\dual wurkers.

---"------

PERCENTAGE IN :J<:ACH

ORDER AND SUB-ORDER O~'

Actual workers.

;--------,------1------___ . __ _ i 2 I 3 145 , , - ----- t-- - -- ---

,.j, '3 fi8'S :n'i') 48'5 :J1':;

'4 '3 69'5 :-lO';; 1'1 '15 68'3 :n'7 ·5 '3 63'3 36'7 .1) '4 72'8 27'2

37'0 63'0

I G6'7 33'3 52. D!'ugs, dyes, pigment,s, etc,

XVII.-L,;atltl'l', etc. 53. Leatbm', horn and bones

'''l 34'9 6;,'1 .. '1 'I 52'5 47',') 1

'I I ·1 ..... l.!!'" 47'~ ." '" j ______________ -~~~ _______ o_! SUPPLY OF MATERIAL 1 I ' I[

SUflST,U:CES 9'5 i 5,9 62'1 37'9

'2 .i

l

-'---'1- 56'5 --::-11

TOTAL, CLASS D,-PREPARA1'IOS A:ND

XVIII.-Comtnf'rce 54. Money and secL1l'itin,; ij::i. General mcrc,handise 5u. Dealing un~pl'cified 57. ~Middlcnlpn, brokers and agents

XIX.-Tl'anspol't and Storage 58. Railway 59. Road 1)0. Water (')l. Messages 62. St.orago lmd weighing

TOTAL, CL_I.SS E,--CO~DIERCE, TRANSPORT AND STORAGg

XX.-I,ortl'lu'd anc1 ~"rtistic Professions ti:3. Heligion 64. :EdL1cat.ioll li5. Lit.l'l'atllre (iG. Law ... (37. lIleuicine G8. 1'JnginN'l'ing' and survey 70. TJict.orial art aud sculpture 71. l\Iusi0, actiug', dancing, etc.

XXI. -S port. 72. Sport 7:1. Game's awl exhibitions

'f,)'f',I.L, CT~ASS F,-PROFESSJllNS

XXll.--'E:al't,hwrJl'k antl gl'Ilt'l'al hoonr _ 74. Earthwork, ete. -75. Gener111 1,L].)our

XXIII.--lndefinit., and Disl'eputal.le Occupations 'it-i. I ndelinito 77, Disl'ellutuble

TOTAL, CLASS G,-rNSKILT,};D LABOUR X01' AffRI­

('ULTURAI.

XXIY,-Imh'p"ndent 78. Property and alms 7\). At thc i:lt:lte expcnso

52'0 48'0 72'7 27'3

'1 '1 61'1 3R'!J I 'J 43'7 .36·a 1

], j '9 80'2 10'8

. ~J '8 87'7 12':~ 1

82'1 17'!) 33'3 G6'7 I

'I i '1 60'2 38'8 '1 I '1 91'5 8'5 I

1

_-_1_--------. 1,4 I 1'1 I 76'1 23'9 ! I~-- -----1

'J '1 '1

,]

\ '5 47'3 52'7

52'4 47'{j '1 52'9 47'1

56'8 4-3'2 25'3 7-t"7

'1 50'4 49'(j 33'9 6(H 53'8 46'!! 56'9 43'1 I 70'4 29·t' 40'0 60'0

'1, 74'0 26'0 I ----1-'O-----,51 ___ ~ __ ~1

J

' 11'1 80'2 19'8 '5 92'1 7'9

76'6 23'4 I 73'0 27'u

I 82'6 17'4 I'

47~I r.Jz·n

I'G

~ 21 =~ 1-1 I=-801 =-,.. I I '7 '5 72'1 27·f.J i

I ·fi '4 72'7 27'3 I 1 __ .::_ ____ ·1 ___ ~~_~0_:_:__1

SUBSIS1'ENCl<: I::-;DBPRXDEXT I I OF OCCUPATIO:';' ... '7 I '5 72'1 27'9

I ------[--------------

TOTAL, CLASS II,--MEANS OF

Grand Total I I I 100 : 70'1 70'1 29'9 ----,-- ------

, I I

CHAPTER IX.--OCCUPATION. 31

SUBSIDIARY TABLE 2.-Showing the occupation8 8upporting more than 1,000 per8on8 each.

Groups.

_._------Oc,'u]mtion.

Col ()ccJtpati"/I~ ''''l'Jlorli,,~ morc tlial! 50,000 pe;- .... o;;.-.: ('(IC)I.

Nnrnlwl'. Percent- [ ag~~.

: 3(;, 3i anrl 4$1-53 Lan<lowlll'l'S i5,1~9

I ! 75,429

(/)) O"c"pation" ,"lp)Jorti)l~1 ",()rr tital! 10,\)UO lH'1",..;on.'" cae/;.

39 and ,10 44.

A"ricnltul'al laholll'crH COlllit'S ill "otfee cstat(,H ,,'

:I·t.~34~ :!S"j50

TUTAr,

(,') Occllpatio"" ,<'Ippnrti"'i mo,'c t/WI! ;),000

62,893

l'('r .... ~JH:-; (,tH'f!.

as nnd :38 (a) ... Temlllts 1'1,021 ··-------1

TOTAL

(d) Occupations ,'/lp/lor'fin'l more tJla)l 1,000

8,021

;;Ot 12a, 12·1" l2tl, 130 and 135 :17 1:31 UI~d 1;~2 417 and +I~) m. (i;')

4:~

per .... oil,..; erlch.

I Gcnpl'aIlal,oUl't'rs ,,'... ' .. I Grocers and g'cnel'al condi",,'nt rle,tl.,]'s

I Grain and pulso detLlel's ... ." , .. Toildy drawers and s('II"I's .. , •••

. C_!1t'~ OWIW1'S amI drivl'I's .• , .. , .. , I \Jooks

\Vashel'men Coffee plant.e]'''

:!,830 ... i :!,.U·,j

i :!,42·t I :!,121

1,46:3 1,383 ] ,20:~ 1,16~

:H6 to 31S 31:i

\Vol'kpl's and deal,,]'s ill ,'Sold, Hil",,!' ~ltld TJl'ecious stOU(!S Baskt'ts, IlHltS. fallS, HI'l'pellH. Irl'onnIS, etc" lnakers

... 1,131

alllll ___ ~_'__~2[j _ s{'lIprs.

TOTAL • •• j 17,190

~UBSIDIARY TABLE 3.-Showillg fIle number of actual/corkers in e,1cTt Order who are }Ja'Y'tia l1y agrz'('uttnri.~ts.

OllllER AXil Cr . .-I,"'~'

--.---~~~-------------

DeHcription.

I. Adlllinistration IT, D"f.m(·u

1

III. S'!l'vicl' of Nlltivl' and FOl'"ign States

IV, Pl'oyision and Car" of Animals V_ Agrieulture

TOT.H., CL,\~S B.--V ,\S'l'LR1': .\:'oOU ~-\(: H]' 'I'L1'l'R ,:

YI. Por~ol1al, Household Ilnd Sanitary S .. rviccs

'1'0'1'.'\'1., ('I. ISS C.- ']>Ej{~"X.\L SI:RYI< I·:;;

VI r. Food, Drink and Stimulants VI II. Light, Firing and Forage

J X, Buildings X. Yehides and V c""pls

XI. Snl)l'l,·m .. ntaI'Y R<'qui.r,·nwnt" xn. Tex~ile Fa bries and Dress

XIII. l\rf'tals aud Precious StOlH'S X[V_ Glass, Earthen and Stoneware XV. 'Vood, Cane hnd LNIYcs, et",

X VI. Drugs, Gums, Dyes, etc, XVII. Leath,,)', etc.

'IOT.IT" Cr,Ass D.-PRFP.\,RAl'IO!'; AI'U SI'PPLY 01' l\J.\l'l:RI.IJ. 8l'11STIX'·£S.

xvnr. C'ommel'('e XIX. TranSIJOl't and Storagl'

XX, ""arlled and Art.istic l'rofcl'sions XXI. ;-;port

'.rOT.I r., C L.\SS F,- PnOFI:SSIO:-;S

Numl)el' of persolls

returm'd as 1 Total aetna\ workers. partiallV Percentage.

agricultar, i8tH.

1 3

1 20'0 I 24U

---·_·1'----- --.-~ -~---. 1 699 241 I 34'5 I ------1.------- 1

-"--------'

I ;;O.t \ 2 U'4 104,Un I

--_. __ ~_I~ __ - ______________ _

10fi,415 ! 2 I ...

,-----. -:-~-- ___ I __ ~ ___ ---

a,ow 82 2', 1 -3,040 i--- --82~ --'--2-:-;-

-_·--·--1----- _________ _ ::;,983 I 83: l .. t I

13l) J. 2'0 51a :3 0'1)

1)0 1 1'7 li7 I 0'(; iOO ~ 2~

1,079 ~H 2,-7 'lH!3 :1 O'Ij

1,3:>5 30 2'2 ] 7 I 1 5'!)

j-- 10'6:~ )---18: j----::: -.. , I i-----.,-=--,------;-l 1---3~~-

_":%"1" • ~ ')

1 l,tWS 1 10:3 i 6'] '----·--i---------!-~----·-_~_.!'9~1. ____ l~.:__j ___ 5~~ __

82H I ]3:1! ]6'1 luU I ]l) i lOu

----------1- -----~-I--_--- -,-

928 I 143 I 15'4 ~I

32 CHAPTER IX.---OCCUPATION.

SUHSIDIAIlY TABLE 3.--SllOwing the number of actual 'UJorkers £n each Order who are pal"iially a.qricu/tlu·ists-continned.

-- ----------"-- ---- -""- ---"------------ I

ORDER AND Cr.AK". i Number of persons

returned as partially

agriC'ultur. . "illts.

-----.-- ----~ .. --------.. ----I Totfll actual

I workc'rs. I POl'ccontage.

nt'scription.

,------ I

1 I 2 3 4 "-------- _------------ --- ~---'--

II 2,972 I' 27 :

41j

:--a:o~1 27 I----O~

XXII. ]<;nrthwork and G('n"ral Labour XXIII. Indefinite und Disr<'lJlltable OCl1llpatioDS

1 __ ___:~1~_20 _I--- 2'1~! TOTAr., 01 •. \"" II.--l\h:.\N" OF "UB"I"TI':Nn: I:'>OYP}:NIIE);l' 01,' O('('UPATIOX·I 937' 20 I 2'1 i

" ___ ._ _ Grand Total_·-_.._I __ ~~~682"I--8071--o:s1

SUBSIDIARY TARLE 4.-Sltowing the occupations of females by Orders.

1. Administration '" II. Defence ...

Onkr.

1

IlL Service of ~a,tivp and Foreign :-;tate~ IV. Provision and Oare of Animals

V. Agl'icult,u1"0. VI. Personal, HOllflelwld aurl Sanitary Services

VII. F.:>otl, J Irink and Stimulants • YIII. Light, Firing and Forage

IX. Buildings X. Vehicles and Vessels

XI. S-upplementary Requil'cments XII. Textile J!'abl'ics and Dl'eKE! / •••

XIII. 1'tIetals and Precious Stones XIV. Glass, Eart,hcn and "Stoneware XV. 'Vao(l, Cane and Leaves, etc.

XVI. Drug~, Gums, Dyei4, ctll. XVII. LC'athcr, dc.

XVIII. Commerce XIX. 'l'ransport and Storage '"

XX. J~C'arned and Artistic Prufessions XXI. Sport

XXII. }<~artlnvork and GmlPl'a! Labour XXIII. Inddlnik 1l,l1l1 Disl'{'l'ntfLhle Occnpat.ions XXIV. Inch-relldc'nt

T01'AT,

NUMBElt OF ACTU '\.L WORKER;;.

Males. Females.

PE'rcentage of females to males.

---~ ---, ----~ -_l ____ ~ __ 685

9 5

459 5tl ,746

1,806 4,307

68 4G7

60 114 602 961 260 949

]7 89

231 1,675

790 8(;

2,051 19

61~

--76-:068\

45 45,165

1,234 1,675

71 46

63 1~7 118 :?23 406

6 17 23 3S 14

921 27

325

50,614

I g·s

7;}·l)

6S'3 3S·9

I04··t 9'9

55'3 32'7 12'3 85'8 42·8

6'j 7'4 1·4 4'8

1(;·3 4,j.·~)

142'1 i 53'1 1 ______ -

i 66'5

SUBSIDIAUV TA1ILE J).-ShowiJlg the chief uccnpationsfollowed bll the Kodagu caste. - ------- '"- -----_.-------------------;----

, -Ocoupation.

Caste

Tral/zt:'onal occlIjJation

Potlll act~ud u'or1.:ers

1. Tl'aditiDlll11 occupation (groups 3D and 38) ~. Public service 3. Non.cult.iva.tillg" landowners and tC'nants 4. Personal and domestic seryant .. 5. Cot'feH plaut.er!! and coffee cstatC' cooliC's 6. ~\gl"icu]tural laboul'C'l's 7. FOl'(_\'Jt I'angers) guards, l~tC •.

8. TC'nch('r~ 9. Village officers

10. Survey and PnLlic 'Yorks PepartmPllts 11. Rai!wny-·-manng"cl's, clerks, pOl'tel's, etc. 12. Couyicts 13. Millor o"cupations

NUmbL'r of

Vl'Ol'kel's.

Perc,'ntage to total actnal

workers. --------------,

Kodagus (Coorgs). Cultivators. 23,650.

TOTAL

22,889 2J2

91'1 75 72 71 41 30 34 HI 14

'll '4 '3 'a 'a '2 '2 11 '1 '1

12 '1 74 I '3

---_·_·---1 I 23,650! 100 I

APJ,>ENDIX A. 3 ·_) iJ

--------------------~ -~--.-------.----------~~--~---.-

APPENDIX A.

E,,~b'ad irulJt th.e J"t;port 111 P. A. BOOTY, liJ.-;q., T.O.s., Fi1',<:f Assista/lJ OO'tnIfU'881:uner u( Ooorg, to the .'}lIpel·intendent I~t" O('n~N('s Operati(Jn8, jJfa.dra,-:, No. ;'')S,· datf'd 27th Ap)'il 1901.

In reference to your It'tter No. 6;30, * dated 11th December 190U, I have t.he honour to report upon the way in which the arrangeme11tls for the census wurked in Cuorg.

~. «(,t) The preparation befol'eha,nd of it list of persons available in every village to act a:'-i. el111merators or 8upel'visors is vBry necel'\sal'Y, as otherwiRe it would be quite impossible to make appointments at the time of dividing off the blocks. 'rhe lists were prepared by the village accountants, checked by the Nad Parpatigars, and then compiled and checkecl by the 'L'Hluk 811 badal's before being -submitted to this office.

rl'he phtTl of dividing tJhe taluks into thickly and thinly populated area:; was not adopt,ed in this J.istrrct as there appearf~d to be 110 neeessity for it.

'rhe plan _Qf sending printed copies of circlLJaJ'S issued by ,YOIl would have saved -cow:;iderable trouble in this office had a sufficit:nt number been supplied for com­muuic<ttion to all the eight charge snperilltendents. It would therefore be better in future to send as many copies as there are J'alllks and Municipalities, together with some spl1l'e copies- for communication, if necessary, to N ad Parpatigars.

'rho circulars were cOllllIlunicated to charge superintendents by sending copies or extracts ill some cases and tl'anslations in others. The charge toIuperintendents -commun:icated them in the vtll'llacular to their subordina,tes.

(b) The llolI8e L/st.--Some difficultlY was experienced in ~nmbering houses so that blocks might be compact. -

Thel'e are no wild tl'acts whet'e it \vas not pOBsible to pl'eptwe the list within rea:-;onable time.

The definitions of "house," "building," awl" commUll way" were not easily understood by village officer~. Buildings -not ordinarily used as residences ,Yel'e given numbers in column 3 of the house list instead of in column 4.. A qne8tioll was raised by oue of the Snbedars as. to whether cooly lines nnder one roof should­be numbered as one house OJ' whether each compartmel,lt occupied by a separate family shouin be given a distjnct. nnmber, aWl he was inforilled that the latte!' method was COI'I'ect.

'rhe hOllse lists were checked by Nad Pal'patigal's, Subedal's and my pre do­-oe:O;801'; in the .Municipalities, they were checked by municipal overseers and Vice-Presidell ts.

Correct lists of villages were obtained from the Coorg Land .Record Office, «(;) lV/Ofl,uerin.q.-Uommoll tal', purchased from local shops, was uRed for this -

purpose and- was found satisfactory. Its cost was HiS. } 1.-2-l O. Numbering was commencet1 on -l-th JuJy 1900 and finished 011 18th Beptemuer

1900, (d) Jfarkl:ng of Uii'cleK ~wd Blo(~k..,.-rrhere were no difficulties in follo\\;ing

instructions. Some of the charge superil1tendentl; mad~ mistakes, but these were corrected in this office.

Maps were used in the preparation of circle lists, and were fonnd very w'leful in making each circle compact.

Circle lists were completed in manuscript on 20th October 1900 and the printing was finished on :1rd December 1900. The census diVIsions were (i) +0- ~­charges, (ii) 1'68 circles, including 4 fOJ'est circles, (iii) ~,501 blocks, including 8 forest blocks. 'l'here were on an average 23 buildings and 22 residences in each block.

--------------------------------------~

.. This and the other letters from the Superir:tendent refArred to herein will be found in Appendix B of the Administrative volume of the report on the Census of Madral3p ,

9

84 APPF.NDIX A.

(e) ,,'-y'll/al1 IUu{'k.-.;.--Xo difficlllt.,\~. The f-iupply of extra bloek lists and covers was 811 ffi Ciel) t .

CO A.fJl::'l'C!I.-Thel't' ·was no (lifticulty in obtailliug enongh m8n, except for t,lw 811umeration of traveller8 by rO[1(l, houself~ss pOOl' and cal't-sti:tllrl:-<. The numbers of censlls officers were (i) 8 charge sll:perintelldents, (ii) 164 supen'isot':-l, (iii) 4: special supervisors, (iv) ],-4-,')0 enumerators, (,.) 101 special enllmfwatOl'S. AU the charge supel'iut,endents awl special 811 pervison; were officials. Of the enumerators 1,22] wert) unpaid non-officiab and 229 were officials; of the special enumerators G were non-offkials and n:-) officia,ls; and of the snpervisors 9 were non-officials and 15:) officials. There were 110 paid lion-officials, though some of them are now claiming travelling aJIowance.

(iU S('/iedules.-l ,13;j bo()k~ allel i),fiUO loose schedules were issued. They were all used. 'rhe supply to taluks not being sufficient, loose schedules were issued from the diRtrlct reserve, The supply of enumeration tickets was sufficient. TIle rigid restrictions 011 t,lw iSEwe of household schedules vvorked satisfactorily.

(h) IJl-':!tJ'1wtioli (It' nensul'i (1Jicers.--In aceol'dance 'with your letter No. 48tl, dated 6tb Novemher IHOO, eircular orders Were issued impre1'lsing' upon the charge superintendents the great importance (Jf the oral illi'ltruction of supervisors and enumerators in the rules for filling Hp the schedules. They were also directed that they should make a point of personally instructing every 011e of their supervisors and as many of their euumeratOl's as Vossih1e, and that supervisors 111 thejr turn should teach everyone of their ennmerators, ']:'11ey were further ordered that at every class of inRtructioll, as a minimnm, a Hindu, a ]\in;-;alman, a Christian, a literate pel'son and H child should be enumerated.

A circular order wa:; also issued to all the Sube(lars on the :-<ubjeet of giving practical im;truction in the field to their Rnbordinates, and ordering weekly progress reports to be Hubmitted by them.

Special in8trnctions about a,gricultural occupations and wOl'kers in factorieg were issued. The Manual and the printed instructionH to ennmerators answered the purpose for which they were intended., Special instructions were also issued in thiH district for the Hepar-ate enumeration of Jamma Coorgs (in view to ascertain how many persons are exempt from the operation of the Arms Act) in accordance with the Chief Commissioner's orders. .

The one.schedule books distributed to snpervisol'S enabled them not only to acquaint themselves beforehand with the rules for filling up the schedules and with the form of the enumeration book, but also to instruct their ennmerators.

(i) TVriting out ofblod; lists.-rrhe instructions on this point were not explicit. The headings of columns 4 and 5 werb not found to be clear enough. It was not known whether the serial nnmber to each family should be consecutive right through the block or whether each house should have a separate series of nnmbers for the families living in the on~ house.

([1he block lists were written by the enumerators.

(j) I )reli'ml~nwl'y Enume'rai,ifJ'Jt.-It was begun on t,hp 10th of January 1:n rura1 areas and on the 14th of February in Municipalities and completed by 15th and 20th February respectively. 'rhe dates fixed in the im;tructions WE're suitable.

rrhe pr~lilllinary CenS1t8 was at first made on plain paper, and after being checked by supervisors, and as far as possible by charge superintendents, was copied into the printed enumeration books. It is believed that it is accurate.

(7..) Final Oenstt8.--It lasted from about 7 in the evening till about mid­night in some places, the t,ime required varying according as the distance to be travelled was greater or less.

The supervisors accompanied the least· intelligent of their enumerators and checked the entries, carrying. ont,. .&3 far as possible, the instructions contained in. paragraphs 50, 51 and 52 of the Manual. It was reported that one estate and a few individuals were not enumerated at the final census, and enquiries int6 this. matter are still proceeding. * 1Vith this exception, the final enumeration is believed to be accurate.

·Ii The Sr-hl,rl1:O.h'8 rdating to thl's,' were suhsequent.ly rP{leiv",l and ai',' includpu in thl' sta,tistics of the pl'Ovin3e.

APFIi:ND1X A.

-------------------- ----~---- ---- -----------

'rl'aveller:". by road were ennmerated at selected NtatiollR by the police and toll. gate keepers. The houselet-ls poor were enumerated by beat couRtables, and the enumeration in cart-stands outRide Mnllicipalities -was also done by beat constables. 'rhe instrnctions contained ill your No. 3i:H, dated 15th October 1 noo, were also carried ant.

Only one cen:".u:-; uf jungle tribes waH tak.en ill l'cHerVt.'d fOre:-1tN on the (la,\' of 1st March, as this was considered advisable.

In no part of this di:-;trict did the cemms la:-;t for more than one day. (l) p)'ol·': .. ~;mUll Absb'ads.--Tl18se were prepared according to the instructions

cOlltainfJd in your letter No. ()29. A gazetted officer, namely, the Revenue Assistant Commis:-;ioner, was placed in special charge of the district abstract in accordance with paragraph 10 of above letter, and district totals were wired on March Gth. 'rhere were no difficulti8s in following the instructions.

Crn) Demeanour qt' the people.-Two prosecutions ,,'ere on1el'ed for refusing to do enumerator's duties. No scares were apparent. The people were not opposed to. t.he cemm~. A notice was published on the lines indicated ill your letter No. 509.

(n) ]i}xpenditure.-A statement of Cenl'UR expenditure up to 31Rt March 1901 is sent herewith.

1-

, -<

APP~:NDIX B.

. Main head.

r:

I

I. District; olhee ul"ltabli6Jmwnt :!. Contingencies--

(Il) In Distri('t office (b) Lights ..

( I.--District I I eha.t·ges. ~

(c) Ink lLnd per.ty ><tationery (d,) P"6~lt2;O

I I

(e) F'rpight i (f) Miscellaneous i :3. I1ouHe-ullmberillg i -1. Rt'wuueration of Cenf:lu6 officer" li ;;. 'J'1·u,L·lling a IlowlHlCP of CellSllR officers

I I

(, 0. l':q"'L' .. , UalTiagc of paper to l'r('ss l·rinting-

Tota.l, T

I I 7. I IS.

i TI"-Pl'ess-: L c harg- e8. j !J.

10.

(a) ~\_t Governmellt l'1'es,;"" ,u) At other Pl'es~es

Rinding forms De~(Iatchillg forwH-

(0) ":xp"ncliture on postage ((,) Do. of other kimls

I Total. II

r: 11. OlBee-relit , . 1:t Pllrd"tse >lnd 1'<'I",il' of furllilllrp

II , 1:~: ltecu)'rI establishment .

: 1~. Ourrellpondence !tnd :I'·,'Ollnr", e"tabli;,hment. ! 15. :Mcnill.j establishment

(1I1.-- I i 16. ,Vorking stnif including ~npel'int.endl·llc(·--olli-

I C I D · I' I' daIs. entl'a , }- ~ villionul and I : 1,. Working 6t,d'f iududing Sllpel'inl pndencc --

! District J : especially entertained.

[I charu-es for I 117. (a) UOlHpilation of llIijit"ry returnH

abst;'actioll IS. 'fl'.tveJlill!( alluwance ." .. nnd compi- 19. Corrtingencieli'- . latioll. I (a) t-itat.iunery

I i (b) ContingeJlcies

I (c) Postal chILl'gps

II (d) Telegrams

(e) l<'l'eight LI U) Misf\Bllaneous

I Tot>! I, HI

i ( : 20.

I:'.l. I JV.---Press I 22.

I chargos for ,2:1. ahstraction -: I ami compila. I

l tion. II :t4.

I

Paper rot· al'cltraetion slips Paper for tanulatiOlI and corupilatioll Oarl'iagfl of paper Printing

(a) At. GO"prmnent PrPF!ReR . (b) At uther Presses Despatching charges-

(0) Expenditure on pustag<J (v) 00. of oth('l' kind ..

Total, IV

TOT '-L, B.---.ABS1'R.~I·T)I);o, AND CO~IPILATION

.:. g, ~! ~ V.- PerRonal [

2::;. Pay of Superintellrlent .... 26. Deputation allowance Gf 8uperintenclent 27. Travelling aUow.lnce of (;0.

Tutal, ¥

001

iii I charges. . ..., '-I O.S)

L I

APPFlN

Expenditure ott th.e

Departmental Aocollut .

WOU-l8ol. i It101-UI02. Toral.

RS. _'>.. P. J!.S. _\. P.! R~. .L P.

2-1 lS u

:~7 tj 1\ 7 1 0 I 44 7 6 ~46: :110 ;':)0

I ]~ ~ 19 4~ ~ : I· 1!~ 1~ !.

5 1;{ 4 1)]3 4· , _____ . ______ -1 ______ _

\_~~ ,j _21~! ti5 13 2 1_244 __ :_1_0_:

i 5f} 14 6 i I I !

5!1 ]4 6

I

· ,1,:.1 8 !l -it Ii i:l!

, a 14 a 3 14 a

II_l!;~ ~ ._.----- I_J_! ~~_g-! - 123 11 0 i. . 123 1] U

1--30;-~~r-~~- 1;~1~~7 14-:-I I .

--~-~~1-:7 15 -:-i~~l 4-0-11

] u U ,U I 3 11 5 I 13 11 I; I H117 911 7 5 !:l .r; Ii 5 9 ,)

l) 0 :2. I, 26]0;:' :.!Ii 10 7 I 22,15 t1 7 I t:.l!) Ii 7

/((1)1<4114 x I 441 14 H

, 8 o to>

5

4- 11 I;

I) O::l 0]0 5 0 10 I-l 001 002 063 i !l 4 -- 1 14 6 11 10 10 () 9 10 .} 11!l 5 5 7 i

2~-0976~-a~~ao-1 ------- -. -------- -1----

48 1 (I

2

o

5 ]. -- 0 7 21 o 9

: : :: 11

o

317

;)1 !l 0 920

47 13 11 1 0 i:l U :2. 5

o 3

7

8 H

60 11 0 ---~-- ------- ----

75 !l Ii 770 4 3 1------ ------

60 9 4 66 5 0 126 14 4 19 8 10 21 6 4 40 15 2 5101 373 914

- -_._------_--·-1 85 12 3 91 2 7 17t; l40 10 i

(a) A sum of Rs. 64--0-9 being recoveri"1J from tbe municipalities in Coorg on account of the cost of abstraction and oompilation of their census statistics has been taken in abatement of charges under this head.

DIX B.

()efl8U.~ QI' Gool'9·

:-lnt.-head.

Mi,wHllnneouIi

Freighi. I ]\IisceIla.n.,'ou"

\ Pay ~'~"81,abli8hm~nt .~~ -:~: : .. 'rravpllinlf allowance of (·sta.bli8bmHnt.

I I

Prillting" ,n Gp\·'.'Tument Pr!'88€1!

Bindill~ f'll'rnll

Poto;t,a);,{c ~'I'f~ig'h t,

j Offi,'e-l'Pllt. ... .. ..

,I>ul'"hase lind rl'pair of furniture'

\ \ r:l4t·abli"hln"llt .. --,I Pay .. ..,

I

~ J)"putu.tion aUOWIlTICe I Act.iTl\( allmnmu ..

1{'ran'llillg" allOlWanCp. I

Stutionel'Y

PORta.~(l Tel('~l'[Lm!! Freighb MiFw"lla.JlPoul3

Pnrehllse of station"ry IIOl,

Freight.

Printing' at I';uvernlll£'nt Prenes

Postag'o Frl'il(ht

. APPEN I)[); Il. .~-<>;

Fillunniul D"lJIil'lW"Jll'S Al'l)ollut.

RS. A. P. U H \I

:~i (j ,;

:! .t. ,; 1-1 !! 10

H)(l () I)

17s ;)

WOl Hlt):!.

R~. A. P.

;; la

IJ I)

,i 4-4-

Total.

RS. A. p, 2,1, l'\ 0

44 7 5 r)

1.5 II 148 0

:; 1:1

Dt:llltl't'Ull\nta,! '

aCCollnt gn'ater than

Financial 1>upartment'll I

a~(".OllJlt.

Its. A. P.

1------.. --i

10 I; I:, U I)

5\1 14 ti

·'·2 !' !I

1 to Ii

1::; n " -- . __ ------- ---~~~--·---I-_-___ -

i __ 12a 11~_\ ___ .,~.~: ___ . __ ~2_a_~~_I)_,, ______ _

.. \ I

:IOt 1)]0 i ,i5 1:1 :.! :1(i7 14 0 I ---,--------- -------- --------i . !

.~ :1' 10 (I ()

4 7

:27 1.-' 3 1I

9 .-,

-\.j!l 3 3 92 U S Btl 12 2

. .(. s 10 11 1\

II (t

I

o

fJ ()

9

a i II 10 ;;

11' OV2 .~ 1 1,1 Ij

U 10 ! 4 1.1 !I

;,!!j + 1:\ 11

-1071:1 :~ 92 1-1 fl9 0

o :;

;; i} [<I!

9!

9 4 4-,

II 10 8 o 6 ;J :; 10 10 ;) 5 7

:! S

I-_-_~~!~_.) __ -~i-- 7l4-U-;, __ 7_a_H_~_4 ___ ._,~_(j_:_8_ 48

I II

(I !I 1 11

o

o

o (I

I

lo7 l:-l 11 i 1 II 9 I) 2 5 I

i 7 I

,

' •• I n:.s o:::,sl, t l 1 J •• , 1 ~( :J 2 8

I >. I' .. , I . 51·-n-__ -o-_[-__ ._~_~2:~()·:--~~~-i=~ .. ··· -=1 I 7:> I..J. -+ 1 72:1 1:: 0 i 7911 11. 4 i ·t6 2 Ii [I

'--- ~-----I --i , ~.

Pay of s\lbstitute {m' Superintendent... t2 15~' 20 I; 7 \ -J.:~ t; 4 \ sa i' U Deputation allowance of Superintendent 1\1 S 10 21 ti 4 I 40 Ii) 2 ~

IT,"wllin< """w.n~ ~ snp":"::den~ .. ___ .... ~ ,:_': : I~ 4~ ~< \ __ .~ .. : ~:t ~ "_ .-;; 10

38 .\ l'l'l';NDIX B.

Mflin Ill'nd.

l

- - _---

V['~·EstflJ.- , lishnwnt ~ and Olli",' I

ehsl'gf''' , I

i 2:1. Tran·lling- allowaner' ,.I' "Klahlishrllf'lIt au. UffiCl'-I'l'llt ... ,....

I I '~'{ "-j" .

PlII'eh"'Sl' alld re['ai1' of furJlitlll'l' Pr.intillg'----

to) .. \t, (-tovurnlHl'ut Prt':o':-;E":-­

(b) "\ c () ther Prf'''~l'S Contin~All(~ie~~

(12l :O-;tutiOfH'I"-

(/.) GOlltingerici"" (c) Postal charg-t's (d) 'l'elpgrAUls (p) l<'rf'ight (/) )lis('('llanpolls.

Total, VI

TOTAL. C.' :-;{:PERI:\'TEISDEKl'F;

Grand Tota.l, A, B and C

EXjllnJitu1'(> (In the

I-i

I ) !luu-J ~llll. 1 \Ull 1 ~1(l2. I

-- I

Total,

RS. A. P. R:--. .. P . H~, .\. P.

Ii" J. 4 I;! 1:L " :~ I 0

1 ;{ 1 II i'j ;! f' ;j

(I II

1 1 :~ 8 1 l;{ 'i

'2 " ," .. :L :{ K

U 3 (I 15 t '2 11 i 1) 15 8 (I 2 10 2 (j

0 0 a II 0 11 (I 1 :! '2 J 5 II ti \l ~ 1 ;~ :t

,-------,-_. -------_ :3H 10 5 U 1 !J 8 .J.: ~ k

---,---- --- i -----

1Ul, u ;{ 2:W Ii

_, --~--,--.

492 1 3! 942 1 8 1,434 2 11

CenSUN of (/oorg-eontiuucLl.

rPay Ottk(' ,'stahli!lhmPllt -: I)"putatioll allowam'e

l.\-"ting allowanc" TI'avt.~lIilLg alLOWltll('(' o{ t:stahlishloPut

Plll'l:hase ,.nri repair or flu-Hit-un·

Printing- g,t ({ovel'nnlL'nt Pre::.;~ps

;::;tationel'Y

, Postal "harges I 'l\\lf_>g-rams i F)'eio-ht . " , Misocllall<eous

-AP.PENJJLX B.

. •• I

.. !

~'inaIH·"" I I )")Jart tlW 11 t'" _-\_('"oUld, aet'ount

UlUU--J ~lul_

RS. ~_

P'I 4 I 11 li () ;; ! -I -~

1 :1 1

0 1

1:1 8

~ :3 8

:2 3 0 1;, 8 (J (I :3 ~ 4- ;,

Tut,,).

g-r .. ntpI' tl "til Finarwinl

lle"art.]nent's U,(·('UUIlt.

~4 1~ H 14 I:> a~1 11 10 :1 I ~ 'I I

72 "'~i <;H"" "'''"' :--~;-'~'-I --- I------~- -------- ----,---- ~--~-'

450 14 7 I 849 13 5 1,300 12 0; 133 6 11 ~ - _'- I

THE IMPERIAL TABLES.

Ta.bles I-III. AREA, HOUSES,

POPULATION AND 'l'OWNS BY POPULATION.

< ····,·fiI M ~

-< E-4

II ~ j

I ~ 5 ~ ;::;

r I <=I ~ 'I ~ H;::::::: ..... -

r; I

~T. ,_. .!1 I

�----~~I~·

I itO

I --------:_ 1

I I~ I

I~ I

" 1>:1 o o o

<I) Q ~ ..... III

42

I~ 1'-<

I

I I~ I ----

" 1>:1 o o o

-

1

1.-< I~

z I g-

i I ""

I !

i i lr-1

o ""

.... o co o GO ...

r-t t:-­co ' ..... Q)

g ..... rJl

5 ..... ~ ..... ~ :> oS ..... ~

i cr, I"";

I I

M::-;-,...... 0 _41 I t-

oo :G ~~~~~I~

_~~J ___ ,,;_.-' ___ -'-I""_' __

I I"

O~ O.l'~ C't: ~ 00 7~ 0 _,oc,<:oOC""'1" ~"''''''';-

_ _i - ------'---1

~ i ~~~~~ i ~ ~ I~ <- .... 00 .... "" I~

_______ ~_'_~i_,...;__ ~~ ___ i_~

oc oc

I",

1-1'

I )~

J

I ~I

'0

I~ ; oc ... 1

, <:>

112 , rZi

-~ I

~ j

I~~_~I-!~Q~IOIIf; i

OO~ct) rl I . . _':_L_I~ ___ _

I: 1 ~J.OO';:''D I: ~_'. "i' ~11"""1 ~ '"11 ~...,

0-,., cr" .. ~ ~ , ..... -_ _1_1 _I_+ __ '_i_~_

C)}~lOQo) I' co _.oj ~ O«'>c:t)....,t- co ~OO CIJ C":l1"""l0! ..... Oil ~ ~ cr,., I

..'_ ____ .--' _____ I.~_~l_l __ I

(

i ~

I

~:COO'~"J:) cJ;.,b·~I- l~ ~ H~ 10 ~ OCJ r£~.....i~'"

'""'1"J. ..... c Co ~~,....,-,...., o '*i1 H~,t... oc. • ..:...; ~r-,~

CO"""'Q~'~

;5 ,. ~=~g~ 1= _____ I __ J._'_.-'-__ --~_-_~_·_~_-_~_'_~~_-_

·,T,),!:>!W.'IlO,J.N.VJ i '"

110 xU'lvaI,HNJlW __ !__ ..... _ .~~:;a~~

40

... ~ : S I ~

I~

-;;;--1'''' '~')l'lJW r:-l "1

I __ ~-

____ I·SU()S~~~ I~ f=; i '~di 1:lUfrld : I ~ 1-~ ·S<ll'nl~..... i ~ Z I - I-----.__;c__-~ i'suos.lad 1"""1 I .-t

I

i'S')[P.UI",il

~~~IIn~ ,....,._",l..OO cX:,.., 0:, 1'-- :c ....,. ~

e"l!:(;l ~~ C~ ct.'-€':: ~ 0",., It:l t ........... :x.l.. ... ~ C'\I~ 1-1'"

, "" I~ 10 I~

I~ i 00' II

-------'-, --

co .. o o o

, ~

I~ I~

Tables IV -VI. TOWNS BY POPULATION

AND RELIGION AND popu­LATIoN EY RELIGION.

s:l o ..... ~ ..... ...... Q)

~

~ - r--~ ·s~["I\[ i'J. P - I ~ ---~--

[ !'SUOSJdd I 00

--------1- g-'sal'eUI~,il I t- i

1--_--1-~ 1 I ~ ~ 'S"l"W I ~ t-oo' z

~--II ii, ; i 'SUDS,WeI. I"'" i I I -.. lool.m"r ·i

~ 1---1----

~I:+ : !·SUOS.I8 d 1 e'I _ __!--

1~=_l-==--

'" .. o o o

Table VII.

AGE, SEX AND CIVIL CONDITION

44

TABLE VII.

Age, Sex and Civil Condition.

r 0-1

1

1-2 ~-:3

3-.J. t-;)

II '1'0'0 I "-,,

I 5-10 AL L R~:j,I- ~ 10-15

GIONH. 1 10- 20

HIN!>l' ...

20-25 25-30 :JU-3;)

i :1;)-40

II 40-45

4;',-50 ;;0-55

,55-nO l 60 and (lv('r ...

0--1 1-2 2-:3 :l-.J. 4-ri

Total

'l'nt.alll-;;

;;-1u 10 15 15-~1I 20-25 ~5-aO

:l0-35 :)::'--40 4·0-45 1·;j-r;O 50-5::' ;'5-GO nO (IUd (IVer ...

5,580 1,646 4,136 3,828 4,276

19,465

22,438 22,270 17,488 18,464 20,923 17,481 12,249 I

10,682 5,763 6,978 2,349 5,057

2,7li:3 ROll

:.J,051 1,82il 2,1:&6

8,57]

11,:Hll 11 ,885

8.7-I<H 10",15:{ 12,210 10,7:18

7,8811 6,440 3,477 3,168 1,:l07 2.-t27

2,HIH Hil7

:!,rlH5 2,001> 2,H9

!1.1-\8+

11,18ti ]0,:185 7,Hi) /S,all H,il:l 6,i·H -l.HtlO ·~,236 2,286 2,80fl 1,042 2,tl:10

5,574 1,645 4,123 3,811 4,258

19,411

22,334 21,381 13,050 7,761 4,519 1,718

632 349 128 101

32 62

::!,i58 Horl

2,on 1,81H 2.1H

Il.Wl 11,74]

[1,150 6,81i3 4,2H4 1,5H3

572 :107 lLlfl

2.1'>15 k3(i

2,076 1,9f-l1'i 2,1·1<3

ll,8ilR

11,H3 H,6·10 a,flOU

,!-"IS 2:{5 ]25 60 J:! 1H 2tl

II III

180,607 ]OG,258 HO,3 Hl 91,478

5,001 1,467 3,725 3,484 3,885

17,562

20,202 19,903 15,374 16,158 18,441 15,303 10,770

9,297 5,056 5,224 2,072 4,455

2,-1-77 72i

1,81>0 ],65fl 1.1110

2,;;24 11,3

1,871> ),8~5 1,H!5

4,995 1,466 3.714 3,473 3.871

2,1,7.J. 72~

1,846 1,65:! 1,!I:l2

...... _- --_.

S,GW H.\I]2 17,519 ?l.tI2i-l

2,521 742

1,868 1,8:W l,fl:l!l

8,8(lO

1O,(I!IS - ~~:~(I~' ---20'10451---1100~'~051j- --;0,053 ]0,530 H,:l/;{ 19.13 ." ~ 8,7:n

R, ~77 ii,HHi 11,544 7,956 3,;;H8 8,7S8 7 .:~70 6,689 5,96'; 72J

10,591 7,851) 3,856 3,654 20:! 8,38:{ 5,920 1,477 1,36G 1) I 6,868 :~,\I(J2 549 4f,\i) fa 5,554 :l,i.J,3 303 :!Ii;; 38 :1,016 2,040 108 , III 17

'2,707 :!,517 82~ I fll 21 1,135 H3i 3 21 l) 2, tHf 2,:lH7 4 :1lI ] (l

4

13 17 15

49

98 854

4,176 9,860

14,656 13,354 9,418 7,415 3,875 3,144 1,253 1,911

.~

10 10

27

50 H3 5n

3,020 7,38] 8,3[-11 6,811 1;,·H5 2,[-131, 2,+80 1,023 1,660

I;

H< 7]]

3,603 (l,83J 7,275 4,963 2,807 ~,OOO

838 66i 230 251

2 1

2

5

6 35

262 843

1,748 2,409 2,199 2,918 1,760 2,733 1,064 3,084

70,063 :lfl,716 30,:H7 10,066

4

11 11 13

39

92 738

3,600 8,716

18,003 11,638 8,219 6,384 3,361 2,707 1,088 1,660

21

J6 125 1;04

2167~ li,4·~·~ 7,321 5,71(1 4,636 2,52H 2,107

RH 1,4:18

1

7 I;

ii

18

·16 OJ:!

a.oot] 6M~ 6,558 4,317 ~,500 1,748

832 600 214 222

2 1

4

6 30

230 753

1,582 2,188 2,002 2,610 1,587 2,435

954 2,746

159,817 71,fl02 81,445 J.8.9RH 32,41)7 . 61,245 34,·:1,36 26,808 17,127

r y=~ ~-3

3-1 4-;;

344 109 241 204

_227

lo0

1')')

)02 107

17K fl7

]1H 1(12 120

344 109 241 198 225

1G1;

]22 ll8

105

178 .")7

11(1 100 120

I

MllHAI'MANI

\

'~~~::I 0-5 ... --:~~: _ ::~ -:~~ -~~~:-I---~~' -- ~:: 10-1fi 1.527 029 598 1,431 915 516 15-20 1.414 H10 ii(l~ 990 H51i 135 20-25 1,559 $lS3 57(1 756 7!lli 20 25-30 1,661 ],147 514 .466 454 ]2 30-33 1,470 Pih'1 -S1"7 165 15tl 35-40 995 717 278 52 5(' 40-45 951 (130 327 80 2P 4,i-iii) 461 302 15fl 9 8

n 2 ]

2

I 50-55 499 :lltl 1 R3 7 I; 55-60 ... 188 117 71 ...

6 1

7

4 92

401 738

1,088 1,155

818 719 338 302 114

4 ]

5

2

2

2 78

348 497 422 3\15 183 16·~

65 :!5 13

4 23 65

107 150 125. 208 114 190

74

1

1

1 ]

20 164 545 755 706 724 432 614 21il 724

2 1

1

4

5 24

242 679

1,203 1,054 1,493 2,194 1,328 2,119

803 2,360

·~,fl4H 14,118

1 1

17 151 493 686 654 653 396 538 240 650

2 1

1

4

5 2f1

213 602

1,089 1,492 1,348 1,957 ],191 1,896

714 2,0~6

4,491 12,636

1

1

4 20 59 sO

194

2 14 52

241 661; 7nO 635 555 27il 267 101 ]76 ]8 **0

l 60'~:::1" -;;~3~t~1 ,,:~1~~;9: 1-~46: .. I,;;" --5:~:;1~'747 --;'2231-'~'291- -;~- -;:'017

--~--~----~--~----~--~----~--~

3 6

27 ;l7 32 .J.6 20 44 16 42

113 93

162 94

146 58

188

I I

I i I

\ C "RI~Tl.'\ ~. \

I I

')-10 10-1:' l:i-2() ~O-2;;

I

•

:!~-~10

: 130- 35 : 3;)-40

'rotal

11-1

:!n~2;;

25-;30 :10-35

! :1;)-4(1 ·W-4;' -{;'-50

5U-5;;

(;0 and 0\,0,}' ...

Total

Table .VII.

45 AGE, SEX AND CIVIL CONDITION.

TABLE VII.

Age, Sex and Civil Condition-(·olltiJwcd.

I<!

Table VIII.

EDUCATION.

I I I "R<llntu.-)& ! ~

I

oS.I[eJII \ g

f! g 10S')[llTllol.>I I ", 0' ,

~ 31 ~:';:'~;I ~ ~~--c--~I-

:..:; :'S,l[lHILlJl u~, 'F. ;..:;

'" -:

. ...; ,

~ i :0- 0'< ~ ___ 1 __ 1: ~ ~ s l~ ~ l_o_' ___ 1 0_'

__ ~~~~~~\ 5 \._~£:C B ~I __ ~_l __ ~:., Sl \ ~ ,I ~ ~ """,~~, ~~_l,-, _~~·· ____ ~·_.,_ ..... _...:I'____=--_~

-:;; oc' :;; IQ I~~, 'X

1-

1-'X; "" 1_ II • ., ~:~;!i~ ~.

_______ ~ 1 ____ -

....!oI<",:,It:'~ ":'lt~,-=:>~ ,....., -:-.:C't':,1";"1

~/":

':'I--+'I""O 1M' ~'N~, 00

~X,"':'I'~ '"'TI I

C-... 1- 1- ~ -w- :=., .- 'x '~~ -::r-...

-~

r:-.l !'I 1_f!1 Ct .. ,- -:'" ",_:;

":';'

L ___ I

OQ­co

':.:l C'1 C'l~ JO:.t:. J~

-:;

OQ "'" I c>

I I _____ --:-I __ ~

.......... '" ~." I ~ .~,_~I ___ -

.... ~.,,'.~ ':0, ~ /. 0 ~ ~ M .~

I I

~ -__ i:~_ ..... _~_~ I ~~~ _~~-_ -,-~~<"~~ j ~

_ __.__ ________ ~i __ , ___ _I __

I ~!

____________ . ____ c'---. --------l~--I-. ---- 1_-

~ ·"~'ml~_~ ______ -;-__ -'--___ _

~ °S,)[" III I ..... _____ l_=_

i 'SIl{Jr;:~hl(l : -.

I I ---(----- ----

I­I

·',11"""','f 1 x; I

. i j'S'IIHUl"Lif i . ., ! I I---l--

, ;:;' ""l "J~ I -l<

~ I

,

::=-oc....t,tr.­~~J_X'., r.-l If.., t-,_ .. ~"'

-------_._---------

-'" ~:I H~ ':'1 v.J cr .. :-1 ~,.....,,.....,...(:

,=' 1- U~ 0 I ~I ~ i1':' "'I ~"""'rlq

I tQ 'odf 0 to --:';-1 s;-ao -.:tIlQ~tQ ..,.. CCI GO ~ ("!HIO I C'.t c.i' ,...; I et,)

I, ! !-; ~ ~ :~ ~ ~ S ~ !; '~_~,' ~ 1_ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ '~ il-~--i--~-r-I 1.-:' -I~=:---

:'N ':'. \.D"'t ,....., '-:-.I ~ ';'.

------~-------------~.--------~~~~---- ----, "J)r:.t:;oc..,;"." 11':':="1-1- I ,....... -:;:. I~ cr~, ,_: ~ =~

g~~gl ,....... C. M,....... ,

~~7.;"'

'!.O:::'O~.,1 l~ ":"t MOO ~:;-;C"~ .. ~ >1>

I ---~-----~

I - -~---------r~-~----,----

Cf:)OOOCC 1-! "'=f(CI:)-.::ttCC I 1-

·~n:nA.l\l(I ! ~ i

~~=~ $ ~~~i: ~ ;8f~~' i \ :;!!=~ ~ ..... J, i I"""'f

- ---------.- --~-~. ~-~-______ I ________ '___ __ ~

I "" --__ ~J __ _

;... ~

6; OI~O~ t~ C? ;, OOH~O

_MC'-I

'----v---' 'SXOIOI'I:'I'lI

'IOIV

..: '" 5

.-,:j OI~C ;: I'iCjl~ 00>1>0

~-':C'1

'---v---' "NY1'l[

-'Inlilr~

~

S C>1>O"g '"':" j'':,? ~ =o.s~~

... '" I-o

C 11':1 :> rg 'j'7~~ 00>1>~ ~ ..... ""

'---v---'----,----~---.-'----v-----~----~-----.

·XVIJ.S11IHO ·,.;lI:i1I·T.O

'S,)[Hl4J: j I­I

.,;,-.p~[~ i ~ I

I I

-S"[""'·'.>l_ I ,::') !

'~"[l'I''' i -. _____ ~I-

I I

'Silt 'S,[,ld I 00

°S:)[ "'U"11 I t-i

°j;"["IC I ~ '~[[()S,[.ld I,,,

I

, i ~

'S,;lllUI",i{ I"" ~ I I ----I -- -~-I

~ I

°fl"l[Hfll I <~ ~ I ----_.-

rl I I

...: 0

'" I ;:,! 1;!) -1 :..0 r:ll ~ ..,q ....

;.l r:ll -'1 ::> ';!J :.-; ~ ..:I

47

<:> ....

i~

I I ~

Tables IX & X. EDUCATION BY

E:ASTE AND LANGUAGE. I ':-. I f.

00

"" M

<:> Cl

""

''':'1

t-

Cl

oo "" :.!, 3 r<

.-<:> cc 6 ... -,I i

____ ~ --_-'L--'----________ ----~-~--

:.-: -:: ...., C; :.-< '";' ,;, z ~ ::> ..... ~ ~

E-;... ~ ::> ~ rc t: ~

.-i

-'1 u .... >-< :..0 f-< c;.' .... -1

....; w :.-; _,

f2 :....

J

-1 '" .....

C; '-

z '-, ..... ? ~ I'i:, .:;.

" w -;:: ~ ._ -'1 o·

..... .... ~ ~

u --1 Z i'I ;.:; " '" t.: :....

~ I - c --l ~ c

.::.;J

"' c

'-' .., b E-

CD ~ ~ --:; ~ ~

"" 4

~ ~ ~

"" :) .-::" ~

c..5

" '" 7-

'" '" ~

~ ' .... : Z

:.: '§ C;

'" ~ : ..:I

~ -1 :;_, 13 ;.-. "'1 ~. -

, . . ......

:

Tables XI & XII. BIRTH PLACE AND INFIRMITIES BY

AGE.",

TABLE XI.

Birth Place.

~_ l"i~,:),O~~I",~~~:'." \1:~:'1~~'s~I---~:~~~:'R).~"ont, ! 1'1R~()Ks·Il\lALl"·1 FUI ,1 h

_- _ ) 1--;-1---3 -1--4

-

'--~---i-----;-----;' ---------.. - _- .-- ~- --.--- ------ . --. ,---- -----

WIIF,RE HORN.

A, WITH!N TIm p!{n\"INC\'~,

H. J1IWY1NG~~S on, 1l1''-\1'I·;8 TN INDTA. R~~'iONI) THE PL~()\T"'CE. I

Ass"l HEK(: '" HO}IBA ¥

HFR)IA

('~:~TRA1. PRon"n:s NAlIR \S

NORTII· WES'I' PROYlXn:s"

OPIIH

PeK,]"H SI:Yllff

}lJlUTIS 'II

BO)!R\Y 8'I'An,,' ",

ITYPER'!HIl (I)Ru'\x) , lIIAPR'\S STATE'

J\T\'SORf; AN]) BAx(;..\.LIJRe:

N~~p.\T,

1 nA.1 PF'I' ANA ST.\'_T¥.~

'['OTAr. T

To'nr. 1I

III. Fr!'nch 8".'I/I'/III'tll",

]I[A HI:

GOA •.•

0-1 1-2 2-2 3-4-·t-5

Total ()-.j

5-10 ]O-1.'i 15-20 :W-2.3 25-30 30·-35 ;.);)-40 4.0-415 45-GO .';O-G5 55-60 GO 3.u(1 (lYl'T ".

'rot,,]

TOTAL B

" i

I

::: I

I

125,502 ,--'

c. ('Ol'NTliTJ·;,q TN ,\."lL\. BEynXll 1:>:"111.\.

1 18

646 , 11' 17

29,348 , 14 ' 1

24 , 7

30,087

I I

I ~ , .)~~ji

t , Ju

:!:1,2~~ : !i

:!ll Li ;

CEYLOX CHIl'(\

l {'FiIlSI,\ '"

11~1 thRAlTS HEl'TLE\IK~"!'.""

·f \-:1'(111.\,,11 ,\);1' \\'HES

I ~COTL\!\,P _-_--_. __ ._-, IRE I. \:\ \I

21 t~:!:l! x, 2()~j.

'1'0'1'.\1, r:

I_~- __________ _

FR.\1\"IT , ,

21 7 I

71 i 38 ~

24,718 3

15

24,855 '

5

12 :

6

i 1 ; L

!;;; :,0

IMGt 1

It ,

H,ll;!)

] f{ER:\r.\~Y

:1 HOI,I,'l\11 ~WITZERI. \"\" II

2:J s TOT \I, ])

I,;, l'OL"XTl:n;s TN .\FRWA,

F. COI'~T1IJEg n .LM)';lllC,I.

Hbl\lI1' " ,.

e \l\.\P \

~~--"'~~- ~~- - ---,-------~ ~ it ,£"':1, Population

54.965 , r.-!,zt-,.....-

TABLE XII.

Infirmities by age.

N'WE,-' On" iUlIane male was also deaf·mute,

2 9 1 3 1

16

70

271 2

l~ I

2 ' 7

1

10

l~ JH : 21

;".

2 1 2 1

li

p

:j

1 I 1 " 1. 1 ----_--------.--

113 II 70 43 ------- --------

J ,) 1- ·--I-·····-:...I-:~-

1 \ ... J

---- --- -------1 I' J . ... 2 1 1

\

_._- ----._ -... 180,607! 100,258 8(',:3[\I!

1 1

1

3:

CASTE, TRIBE OR RACK

1

49

TAB,L.E XII-A . . "'- .

Infirmities by Castes, Tribes it Races.

Table XII-A. INFIRMITIES BY .. CASTES, TRIBES

OR RACES.

I T()T~~~lL::l]{lI\- TNSANE. I b~;AF-lHUTK RLINJ;l, LEPER.

·---~--------I---~ -.-- -~----~-;f- _-. --- --it--- - . I - -I-!Xi .-- -.---.--~~

§ rFl~ §I~ 11§ ~I~ §lrFl~ §i~;~ f I"'::; S f I ..... I Ii Z; ,_ =: ~ ~ a f I ~ s

I ~ , ~ I ~ ~ I ~ I ~ 11 ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ I ~ ) ~ : ~ ~ ~

-7----;;-I-~-i-s--b-'-7-I-H-I--~I--l;--1-1-1-12-1--;;-14-~~'M I---------------------------~

J a 3 J Hindu.

A!!:a,sa Banajiga Bant Billava Binepatta ". Brahman (Canal't'He) Cheruman , .. Devanga Gatti Gallda Golla, Halepaik Heggade Holeya ".

.. t-Iap'gam ...

\ Kela8i ". Kodagu (Coorg) Kuruba Kusa,ya Lingayat Mahriiti !lIne'chi Nayar Odd" Pale Panchala ,,' Panikkan or Kaniilan Tiyan VaiB!Ya Vakkaliga V"llala Y,'l':wa

Total, Hindu

Musalman.

DUdeknlu 1Iiappilla Sheik

Total, Musalman

Christian. I Na,tive Christian

Total, Christian

1 I 1 2 I :! 3 a 1 2 1 4 1

13 2 1 2

39 2 3

45 9 2

15 9 1 1 1 1 6 2 1 1

22 1

20

5 2

3

2 iI f:j

1 1

2 ]

1 I

1

8

1 2

1;;

i

7

11';

12

217 JIll ]04

1 9

11

1 r; ti

4 5

1

3

4

9

1 3

26

4

3

13

2

l:l

4 2

3 2"1

4

4 7

1 .2 1

11

5

94

4 Ii

1

1

2

10 7 1

1l I 17 \ "]0 1 3

2 .~

1

1

5:1

:l

7 I

:1

4J

1 il

2 1 3 1 6

1 2

15 2

9 5 1 8 2 1

8 1 1 1 7

13

88

5 2

] I J

.~

1 I -4

1 1 1 ;{

5

2 2

2 1 2 J 4

2 ti 2

5 4

4

47

• 2

3

1

1 1

9

2

2

1 1

6

1

1

3

---~ -.- .-_- - -.---" --~- ------- --~-- -- -- . -- - ----- _ ---. ----.. ~ ~ _~ __ ~ _ _: __ ~I:,:::- __ ~ l_t_\ __ 7 __ t __ 3 _. ___ .. __ '_"_

__ ~ __ J __ ~I--l ___ . ___ 1 1 __ l_I __ ~ _" ___ 1 _ _:_ ____ 1 _________ _

3 1 2 1 1 1

-- -- 1---- --._ --- - - -=--- r

I Grand Total ". 241 12ti 115 32 lti 16 104 59 i 45 96 45 51 9 3

Table XIII. CASTE,TBlBE,RACE

OR NATIONALITY. 50

NAME OF CARTl';, TI:.l BE OR HACK

HINDU AND ANIMIST.

r AiJ:,..mbok·kllhl ... Aym .. ' ."

, Bil'l.ppatt» '" ;.; I Heggad" ~ ~ Kavadi ..

~ I Kodagu or (',Hll'g

1 :M~Ii\ya ... '" lIJeda ... . ..

l Y(''['an ...

Total

( Agasn. '" ! Arasl! '" Ilalhlla ...

1 Banajiga '" I Basavi... . .. Bedm'u '" ... I Brahman (C·"""r08,·) DAvadig>t ...

1 Diivanga

\ Gimiga Gatti Gauli

I Glldigam ... Halepaik ... HI {Hinrln

o eya Animist.

I Jangam '" ..i Kannadivan ." ;:; ~ Kelasi .".. ...

'!l ! K l' f Rim1n ~ II( 'ya c Animist. o KumhGxa ..

'K b {Hinrhl I uru H, Animist

I Liil'Y"?Int Malaya ... 1\IogHl' _0' i IIIoili ...

I Panch{tla 1 Pomhada .S~pp?,lifa

\ S~l'vf'gara Solaga .. , 'Stallika ...

I Sudm I TOI"''ya Vais'y"

l Vakkaliga

[

Bant.

I D Billa,'a ::; Gaud .. t-< I Pal., I LTd""

Ambalavasi ChE'mhOtti

Total

Total

r Hindu Cheruman L Animist

TABLE XIII.

castelribe, Race or Nationality. I~-rn-:-~---- -------, ------;--w-.-~~~--~~------;---~-.--rn-·-

~ ~ ~ ~ NAN!; OF ~;A::;TE, 'rlllm~ I w ~ NAME OF CAST)!;, TRJB1<~ u.i ~ ::s (l i{, ]{ACK ;,;J ~ Ol{ ltACE. ;:,:; ~ ~ ~ ~1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

-1, 1 oJ·U5 4:J:l

'.H.I iH p,'}.7 li71i ao IH

lk.2!lR 17,R5:l tl7 li2

lW4 290 7.510 '7,076

-------- _-- -----~

27,484 26,459 -~--- ~~-----

R7+ 7H!l 7 .. t\

51 Hil :l 10

R,7 fH i03 t1R2

.}

1.65(l 1,55t1 296 1 lR2

2 1 [15 !IO

.~

22 ]7 15.705 ]l ,2'1'.4

Ii 1 !l:l !1I; 1!l 4

410 41J0 ')~ -I 3+

'L.57 :!71 50~ JIll

V·\j4 2,aOO 1,2\)\1 ].lOtl ·},2fH~ 'k ~;l:l

I Il :2 2

1,Of! 1.1!Hl 1~t) Ilk

1 3!l 22

S 11 OH 74

.~

llN 1H1 155 ].JI)

fl,H·i~ fi,·H] ---- --~---

37,725 30,918, -_.----- ---

k01 HUt, l,'i:!l3 H·h fl,:J02 ,'),fi~ti 2,770 I 1,31:11

11 1 ~ ----------

11,677 8,205

t ] :{ 'i0 45

lPIl 1[17

HINDU AND ANI t'dlST-,·ulit.

( KUlllrualan

! Kaulsan Kappa!:> KobyaJl

" Kusavan "-! Ma/.a!laZllm

-'. l\Iann{m

'" J\f ukkuvan ''; i-< :Muvvii.l'i .,

NJiyar ~

PaniV31L ..... <"< Pal'a·vflll

Tlyan ' ... ·h,ttp,lan

Total

(Halij" .. , i 11"stha . 1 116ya:.. .....

Brahman (,r,·lugu) , ('hakkilivan ! ('~ptti .... '1 Dasan .. : DommaJ1" i qtllla I. Idig:l

:: ,J6g-i ~ ~ 'K1,llHRa1a

~ . ~~l'u . . KOlllatl ...

J\Iarliga . 1\faJlg;da Odd" Panas:.!, •. , Hal,·

I Satan; .. . Tp/,,!/li. .. .

. 'I'sakah l erpant

Total

r·-\ml,aJaldirrm I Bl'Ii~mall (Tan'il) I f~hHyan. '" I Kurm;an ...

• I Pall·11 ~ I Palli ::;; ~ ]Jp]HI81'tlHl

:- I J'araiyan : I'a mii ! 1:i'l'iliy,m

V.niYan l V,'J1~la ...

Total

~ !BalliY3, ... ;; 1 Brahlilan (ot IlI'rH) ~ I Buduhullllkala ... ~ ~ C'hal't'{'gara. .; GoSIly; . '" I Gujll'niti ... = i Ki;ttu.lIJafll'llt.i

lKahar

II..

-~20:! 74<

~- 1,,0 47 ~2

;{77 3+ 143 H7

1(J 2 1 6 5

20 1.266 ]50

27 k 5 3

1,272 200 Hi'< t19

-~---- ---_--- -

"'j_:988 ~_~~ ... tl42 5ti·~

3:1:, 2..J.fl 4'().j. :lHfl

25 J;) Ii 2

175 In!) :!l 21

5 !I :J67 :l5!)

14 4 45 35 ]1-1" 7 R ] -1, :l

! 1 ,583 l,lK~ 30 H

2><5 ]56 I

72 ~e 55 ~O

254 217 I) ,~

2:l0 HZ ------- -_. __

4,580 3,604 --------

2 1 123 ]a1

1 llfl ]20

32 :~o

25 R 3 !)

HI 55 2 R .~ >: 1

OH2 605

1,095 972

lOfj ~. 11; 6lt1 525

]2 10 :J;j :~:l

2 :!

.... 21; 2..J. 2

HINDU AND ANIMIST-co lit.

(~atike : .. \ l\otikllt/ .. "

...: I Kshatriya ~ II Kwinbi t Kutuma f I Lambadi ~ I l\[ah.rat'r " i .:IIur,'"hi ~ lIIult{mi j I Pindari ~ I Rajapul'i '" Rajput ~ Hang'ad

! Sonug-al'a LKut stat"n

Total

Total, Hindu and-J Animist

MUSALMAN.

Dildpkula I~ahb"i ~lappill" J\1oghal MusaluHtIl Nava.Ya.t Pathan Sllivad Hh,:i1" S(-'f'ta1'iuJi tI'J'm,~

Total, Musalman

CHRISTIAN .

N atiy .. ('hl'istiall

'Eurasian

lMti8h DIlU'h ~~ngli8h EUl'ol)('an }'r"neh (h'l'lnan ]J·i8h S"otnh

Total, Christian

73 258

25

16 156

1,431 6 4 1

26 154

liti 53 40

36 158 12

2 23 4t

1,0213

2

30 144

46 6

27 1-_---1----1 1 3,096 2,165

89,6451 73,477

----1--

1 i .2fl8 I 157

4,434 ~ 2,235 ~. 59 72 , 38

133 I 13 4!il j 3[14 4R2 1 386

2 . .518 i 1,885 7 : 3 -----1-----

_~484 1 __ 5_,170

i I 1,756 1,404

154 141

I 1/ 1 1 ' 1

79 \ 5(;

9 i 4 3,

lL I ~ :!.7 I - J_8

-----\--_--.::;:: 2,047 I 1,636

-----·f-·----

.rAIN. Jain ...

I I .. ·I_~i __ ~~_ I

PARSI. :!6 , 15

---_·-----1

Total, All Religions 1001.~_: --jo.~r

51

TABLE XIV.

Civil Condition by Age for Selected Caste.

! . P()PGLAT1ON.

Table XIV. CIVIL CONDITION

BY AGE FOR SELECTED CASTE.

CAS'1')<;, TJ1Im; OR 1l.ACE. !~'()!'lH',,;_,~I_ 0-5:___~ 5-12. : 12-1~. I 15~20. ,~_, 20:t_O. __ 1 40 ANn OVE~~_I I W ~ II,,; ~ ~-:-I ~ '.; ~ ~ ': w' ~ ,,;, ~ I

._~_~___ ~,' ~ _=~~ ___ "_~_' __ '" 'I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 3, ~ 3 Ii § I ., ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~'~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ --------- -~I.---,--,----------:--------

1 I 2 3 I 4, 5 6 I 7 : 8 ' ~l 1 10 11 l:l! 1 a 14', 15

Kodag-ll '.. ." "': 1<,23' 17 ,",~ i 2,,",, [2.517 ; :<Jl,1 :J,e<" 1,.,.,7 i ',"''' j 1,,"' 1""" I 5,556\ 5.,,1 ,,737 1 2,77e

I U!\MAltRmn.

I P~:R'''X'. O~5. i 5--12. 12-]5.! J5-20. 20~lO, 140 ANV On:R.

CAST}l, TRIBE (m RACE.!'----- --i- I ~ : -- ,~ ~- I ~ I ~ I I ~ il

i ~-rjJ -; rp -; ri dlti ~I~ '"@101~ rfll~

1

3 I ~ :§: f :3 I~I~ ~'~I~ 31~lil~ ~ ~ ~ I~ ,..., ~l""'" ~I"-ll~ ~;I~I~ ~

-1-6-'-r17-=--lH-I-]f-1 -1--;-:~~,-~;-~~-24-125--2-6--27"1'-2;-'-; _____________ ~I ___ ~~-_-_-__ J I I I

Koiiagu I I 1 I I

... 1 11,7771 9,67!_l i 2,49:.1 I 2,515 i a,7061 3,tiS4 1,71ll I 1,6:W I 1,882 I J,53S Il,86.J, ~tJ5 i 42 21 I

I MlIlllllED. I 1- PFR'I)N'. ' O-Ii __ : _ 5-12. 12-15. J 5~20. .I 20-40. I _iO __ ~H~~~ ,I

. 1 'I i I w v; I i ti I 00 I 00 I CAST~, TRllnJ OR RAC]<~. . .2 I • 1.2 . .2 .,..=,. ,.:: I . I";'; • I ..s; II

i~:Ei~,s ~IS lIs ~'a ~ sill s

------

Kodagu

CASTE, TRIBE OR RACE.

Kodagll

I ~ \ ~ I ~ I ~ I ~ , &;' ~ ; ~ ; ~ ~'I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 130--- -31--,-3~--1-~ :;-T3t -;-~ 3G" i'37i-3~ ~3~- -40-:-4i-~ 14-2 -1-43-

5,723 !

I

/i,S021

2,372

I, I I I 41 21- 11 I 1 a I 10 :n I 42 I

WIDOWED.

I 3S3 j 3,41!J I

,

-1-,2(12 2,2:11 II

! 1,081

1,674

Ta.ble xv. OCCUPATIONS. 52

TABLE XV.

occupations. (Non:.-Groups in which Ill) untrius oCCur ,.1'" not givPH, but to facilitate "t)lllparisonH with other provillllPS UlO ,erial t1umb,·l'" of the groups

havl' been left unchang('d.)

DV;p~jNmjN'l'S,

I ' I TOTAL I---~-C~TUAL wOlt:lms.~_ 1 OF

SUB. CLASS. ORDJm. Olim;R. GROUP.

\

ACTUAL WORK­

ERSAND DEP]<]N-

Total. Pnrtially Agrir.ultUl'ist.,

!I DENTS. -- ------ --i---~ ~

I ~ e 1 ~ ~ ----__ ._ ----- -1--5 -- --() - --7--1 2

I 1

r

~ ~ -r 2, O~~~:rs of Govcl'nmpnt, all(l theil' fami-

~ 1:: ~ ~ 3. Clerks, Inspvetors, t't,(_~., and t.hl-~ir ~.... families, ~ ~rIl I .,... 4. Const,ahl~s,. me8~~wng(-~l'S, "\vardel's, and. ,...; I> l UllS p"cified.

j ~ .. ~ ( Total of Sub-order 1 .. ,

130

347

718

159

ago

451 ... 1

100

26 40' 66

83 105 188

106 222 321;

----, ---------------------1,195 613 200 215

5 1 ... ... ._. 2

367 582

I 4 I ., s:I t - I

CJ a:! ..... ~ 1 'j;! ';l.~:a ~ I ::5 §~ I \, .. '. l

.>. ] nspe(~ting' and supervising' officials Ii. Clerical est.a blishment ... 7. lIft'nials oth,'r than scaveng..rK ::: 1 _____ 3~ IZ'" 2 ". . .. 5

Total of Sub_order 2 ... 48 14 ... 2". 7

2 4

21

27

4 26

34

Il' ~ g},.~ { .~ ~

"" <Il

H. Hp"(lllwn, not shown as agTiuulturists. IJ. Aceonntants, not shown as ngrifmltul'-

ists. . - .. 10, Watchlilen and "thel' villag-e s<'rYauts.

r ~ I l

~ . ... .. I> ... ... ., 0" .S <DO

:rotal of Sub-order 3 ...

Total of Order I

( 11. Military offi,'ers ... ! 1~, Non-coIllmissioTH'<] ,)ffieel's and pri-~ YI,tes,

I 13. Followprs . .. 14. :Milital'Y Adminish'Htive ·('st,a,hliB'l~ment,~·.

lin, Military policE', de. ... .. _ .. .

I Total of Sub-order 4 .. .

Total of Order II '"

{

20. !:hids and Officers 21. UI"l'i(',,1 f'stahlishnH'lIt~ 22, lI\pnials and UT<sp""iti<'d

lotal of Sub-order 6

---- -1----- ---- --------- --------

21 35

44

100

1,343

5 14

14 2 2

17 31

10

58

U8.5

·6

17 14

38

2 1

10

4

4

1

2 3

27

4126

5 8

4 2

4 4

34 i 42

658

5 12

8, 2 1 ;

----- ----- ---- --- --- -_._--- --------37 9 9 19 28

37 9 ... ..... 9 W M -- ------------1-----------

3 ." 1 2 3 6. ... ...... 1 5 6 5 5 1

14 5 1 21 -7 9 ------ ---- -- --------1--------

7. Mili­tary,

Total of Sub-ordeT 7

Total of Order III

::' --~-II-·-~---:~-->---~I- : ---+ TOTAL OF CLASS A ::: ~~~'13~ i=6~ I :-.~ 24~-' .. ~ .. -~Fi =:_- :;,

~ I! ~ r."l bIl,..!, (I ~6. ('"ttl<' I "",,'de1's, and rlpalf'l's, and ('Olll- ---'_~~I,----~ 1--.. ---I,-~ ~~- ---1 -1

1

--,,-, _-_ ~ <:!l ::: 1 g.9 ~ • 1 miSS81'iat, farm <'st.ahlisllltient. I -1 I ;) 1 ~ ~~ 27, Hc-rdsmeIl... '" ... ...... 49

142 Ii 31iN2~ ... ,13 '''1 ...... ' 3

11 I 1]7 ______ 4S _

~ . I ~ I .. ~ 11'" I 130. ilhl'C'P and g-oat h]'('l'c]"l'R ano d,'al,,] S .. . Z r>::I ~:e I ~ c:! l :n, Sh"ph(']'rls and g'o&thcl'ds ..... 11 1 11 I'" ... ... ... ---:.:-- ... ~~ f .~.~ ~ I TotalofSul:;-orner8 ... -52;.1- 43l1--46-21-~--:---33. -~'i8---:--il

~ g 'l~; I ·i~.!!l r 33., Yetl'l'inarv SUl'g('ons, farriers, pt~. ;---:-i---:-I----- 1-~-1----8- ~--:- --~ ~ ~ I~!.i 1 a.~ Hm'.c· aml elephant trainers, dc. ::: 1 ____ ._8 ____ ~_8_--::_: _'_:~ __ ::_: _:;_ :._:_ ___ ~. __ ' ___ ._ .. __

I P-7.l l . s:I c:! l Tota.l OI' Sub-order 9 65 28 8 29 S7

_I _____ --'-_"'_"'_ ' Total of Order IV ::: 1 592 459 ~__:~~-I~I--47---8s

Ta.ble XV~

53 OCCUPATIONS.

TABLE XV.

Occupatio~S-(,OIltinued~ I----~-----,-----.------------------~------------~-------------~---------__ -----------

I

I

, ACTGAL \\-oH.K!ms.

TOTAL ------------------1 Ub'

Dr;l'l<~NDENTS.

CLASS. ORDER SUB­ORmJR. GROUP.

ACTUAL WORK­

BRSA:KD DEPEN­DENTS.

'l\ltal. Partially

Ag'l'i('ultul'~

iRt.

('

I

j

1

I l

I (' ""'.;

I'I~

"

oI.~

~~ 1 § til I OJ <>

I ...... .,., P<~

I ~~ .... 1=1

\

I 1 , 1

(I I :16. Cultivating landownPl's .. ~ 37. Non-cultivating landownt'l'sJ .. . I 38. Cult.ivating tenants ... ... ...

ir 38(a). Non-cultiva:::lt:;::~_:rd~~'l0 ..•.

l

I I

I , i l

39. ~'arm servants ... ... .., ... 40. Fit,ld labourprs... ... ... ...

Total of Sub.order 11

43. Coffee plantations: owners, managers and snperior staff.

44. Coffee plantations: labourel's and othl'r subordinates_

417. Tea plantations: owners, managers and superior staff.

49. Betel-vin" and areca-nut growers 50. Cardamom and pepper growers 51. Cocoannt growers ... ." 52. 1<'ruit and vegetable growers ." 53. Niscellanpolls .,. .., ...

Total of Sub-order 12 .. _

58. Forest. officers '" .. _ ... 59. Forest rang"l's, guards, peons ..

Total of Sub.order 13 ...

Total of Order V '"

'fOTAL 0]<' CLASS B

60. Barbors ... ... 61. Cooks ... '" _.. _ .. 62. Door-kel'p"l's, dc. ... . .. 6il. Grooms, coachmen, dog hoys, (,te. 64. Indoor servants 65. Washermen ::: ::: ::: 66. Water-carriers ... . .. 68. :ilIiscPl!ancous and unsp<,cifit·cl '"

Total of Sub-order 14 '"

!)!). Hotel, lodging-house, hal', or refresh­ment., room-keepers.

70. Rest-house, serai, bath-house, etc., owners and managers.

71. Club secretttries, manaO'pl'S stl'waJ.'ds etc. 0"

73,456 1,933 8,010

11

25,4H5 4rlJ

3,120 1

:!3,040 ·j,8~)

2,4]6 3

]],11n 3-J.3

1,143 3

13,310 607

1,331 J

24,921 950

2,474 7

----- --_. _---- ~-.-- - -~ _-_ -_---- ---- -----83.410 29,110 25,948

510 33,833

115 n,3,j,6

13,100 15,252

:52 4.552

55 4,61;7

------ - - - ___ - ""-------" ------ - -----~- _. 4,742 4,604

28,352

107 9,239

9,346 34,343 13,536 11,461 --- -- -- -- --- --- __ --- -- _-- -----1,165 330

28,550 16,648

1

Ii 12 2 2

19

1

cj.

7 1

(;

1

5

7,756

264

1,993

1

472

2,260

1 4

8

2,745

736

4,253

1 5

8

6,003 29,756 16,997 ----- . __ ._ - -" ---- ... _---- -- -- --_-_-----

10 68 11

170 1

10~

7 3 45

-----~ ---- -- - ~------- --- ------

181 103 30 48 78

---- --.-- --.-- ---------- ~--~- -----147.690 59,746 45,165 19,992 fJ'2,787 4'2,779

------ ---- --- -- - ------ -_- --.--"-'~----, 405,210 I 148,282 2 60,205 20,033 22,834 42,867 .

---- ---_. --------

465 1,383

1 225 479

1,203 53 66

:!O-± 030

130 21;) 45i

2:1 at

2i 5x7

;}I

101 408 tl 15

7 20

1 1

t;~

1

3

It)

----_- ----------- ----3,875 1,688 1,162 53 19

36 60

141) a 7

380

152 120

1 56

105 192

6 13

645

234 166

1 92

165 338

(1

20

1,025 -------- ----- ------- ---------

23 1 1 3 10 13

. .. I ... I 4 6 4

6 20

---I~--- --------------o 22 .. '" .. I M

'" ___ ~_[_~ 1 __ 1 I_ .. ·_I--~-~-.~~-238\ 85 71 71 2 I 44

\ Total of Sub.order 15

! 16. Sanita. l tion.

74. Sweepers and scavengers

Total of Sub.order 16 ...

Total of Order VI ...

38 82

----- -·---1----------238 85 71 7 21

1

44 38 82

---- --~-- ----1-- -~-i --- ---.-- -----1,144

6~J

4,184 1,806 1,&34 i 61 21 I 445

•.. -~,184 ~806 I~234 \--; --;\-~~ TOTAL OF CLASS C 1,144

14

Table XV,'

OCCUPATIONS. 54

TABLE XV,

Occupations-continued.

I I i

ACTUAL WORKERS.

!

CLASS I ORD'''R 'I: SUll-. ",. ORDER I •

GROUP.

TOTAL OF

AOTUAL WORK­

l<JRSAND DEPF;N­DENTS.

Total. Partially

AgricuHur_ iat.

DEPENDENTS.

00 00 00 I I I t

i I . ~ . ~ . ;::; ~ ~ 1J c: ~ ..: ..::

--l--I--~--- --3 - --------4--------1--:;.--

-;;: S - S -::: S '\"'" I ~ ~ cd Q; 'o" t:.J 0 ;;;; ... ~ ... ~ ... ~ I ----- -_-------e 7 8 I P 10 11 I 12

(

~ I z 1

. ES --I

~ I' ,.;:

;::1 I ~

\

-<

I I

I l

I

I / ~ ) ! l L

7G. Butcll(,l'S and slaughtere'l"s 78. Cow and buffalo keepel"S,

and butteI' scllers. 79. Fish"l'men and fish curers 80. Fish dealers '" ...

and milk 195 258

477 :080 102 :1

1 90

56

33 40

85 56 41

110 84

141 , 41 '

81. Fowl and Pgg dealers ... '" ... 4 4

Total of Sub-order 17 ...

r 95. RLkc'l·S... ... .. . 96. Flour grinders '" .. . 97. Grain and pulse de:llcrs 98. G,'ain parcher" ... . .,

100. Oil pressers '" .. .

110 l. Oil sellers .. . 102. Rice pounders and huskN's 103. Sweetmeat, makers ... 104. Sweetmeat sellers 105. Vegetable and fruit sellers

L 106. ~Ijscl\nQ,rn'()us ... ~ ..

Total of Sub.order 18 ...

r 108. Aerated water factm'ies: workmen and other subordinat .. s.

111. Distilleries: ownprs, managE'rs and superior staff.

112. Distilleries: opl'rativps and other subordinates.

12:1. Cardamom, betl-I-lpaf and arpca-nut sPllers.

12·i, Grocers and g('np]'" 1 ('ondiment ~ dmlt'l's,

125. Opium, hh&ng, ganja, "t,~., I'reparers. 12G. Opium, hhang, ganja. ('t.o., scilprs .. . 128. Salt spllpJ"s ... ... '" .. . 129. 'l'oba(,00 ani! snuff mannfactlll'c1'S .. . 130. '1'ohaeco and snuff "elkrs '" .. . l:n. Tortdy drawers . ., ... '" ... 132. Toddy selle]"s... ..... . 13-.1<. Wino and spirit s(,llers ... . ..

I __ ._~_- . ____ . __________ _

1,036

11 3

2,424 62 39

221 161

2 76

343 508

3,850

2

6

3 1

668

1,201

1 10

197 30

195 942

1,179 290 184

454

8

1,1U7 H

9 95 IlJ

36 162 114

1,564

2

2

2

27:.l

I :l

98 11 75

469 '100 105 110

206

1 ;no

Hi 5

65 81)

11 56

]95

745

167

1:l 2

11 }I0

288 X 8

6

19

1 5 1

27

1

17

3 4 2 9

1

2

2

158

433 14 11 25

6

11 39 62

601

104

155

1 50 7

29 69

130 73 25

218

3 2

574 ]8 14 :i6 50

2 18 86

137

940

3

1

154

440

6 37 10 80

314 61

104 41

376

3 2

1,007 32 25 61 56 2

29 125 199

1,541

4

1

258

595

7 87 17

109 383 191 177 66 lll:l5. ll[isccl!aneous '" ... '" ...

1-·-------_· _.- .. ~ ---- ----_.- ~-------Total of Sub-order 19 ... 4,908 2,289 724 45 5 644 1,251 1,895.

Total of Order VII ...

( I 149. Hay, grass and fodder sellers '" ... ~ 1 GO. Pi,·.'wood, chf1l'eoal and eowdung i spHers.

l Total of Sub-order 21 ...

Total of Order VIII ...

( 151. Brick and tile faetOl'ies: ownprs, mnna-

I gl'l'S and "llp!'rior st.aff. 152. Brick and tile factol'ips: operatives and

~ other 8uhOIdinatcs.

-----_. ------ -- ---~ ----~ -------'-- -- _. ---9,794 4,J07 1,675 78 5 1,1;03 ~,409 3,81&

--.------~------------- -.------128 68

58 10

44 27 1 3

15 11

11 20

26 31

-- ~- "_-- ~"---.....,___.__- ,-~--- --- ------- ~-------196 68 71 3 26 31 67

--_------ -~ '-- ----- -_ ------_- ~----------196 68 71 1 3 31 57 :

~ --_. --_ --- --- . __ ~-.-- ----5 1 2 - 2 4

12 7 5 5

20 15 ... ...... 5 ,.. 5 28 II 1........ 1 7 8 ! 155. Brick and tile makers '"

157. Lime, chunam linn sh~ll hurne]'" l 15R Lime, chunam and shell sellers .. , --~J--~. 9 1 ... 9 12 _~,

Total of Sub·order 22 ... 104\ 31 30 1... 17 26 43

Table XV.

55 OCCUPATIONS.

TABLE XV.

Occupations-contin lied.

AUTTJAI, WOHKl<;RS.

TOTAL DEPENDENTS.

CLASS. ORDER. SUlI-ORmm.

GROUP. AC~~AL ~~~----I1'al'tialiY -

WORK. Total. I A!!'l'i· ERS AND culturist. m;PEN. m~NTS.

11 ! I ~

---------~-I--------------~-- I 1 2 a 4 1 ;; ~-- -'~'-13-- -7--,-8-:9-1-10 11 12 1----;----'-------;------------------- -~c'-~-,~~-:--------.__-_,_--_:_--_;_--___,'-----I

.,.1 16 ! : ;r<' ~'.. " ... I '"

i I 1

I I I ~ [

I I

I

I

I

I

(

I II

! I I I I

! i I

1 1

I I I

I

l

11)2. Building "ont-met-ors ' .. 1133. Masons and build"J'B .. , 166. Stom' anrl ma)'hlc WOrkl'l'S

Total of Sub-order 23 ...

Total of Order IX ...

( Hi!l. Coach ,huilding factm-ies: owners,

1 managers aria-superior staff.

170. Coach building factOlios: operativ('s ~ and other BubordinatE)S.

I 171. Cart and carriage mltkers 172. Cart. anrl enl"l"iag"l' spliers

l 173. 1'aiut(,1"8 of cllninges, etc.

405: 271 6 1 175 156 10 1

596 436 16 2

700 lr67 46

1 4tl 1

48

6.5

li 82

8

96

7 128

9

144

187

3

4

8

---1 I-'~-----~-- ----;:-~'----2-

65 i 31

:1 I

5 4

1

1

4 5 1

Total of SUb-order 25 ... -'----73-1- 60~

r Total of Order X ...

~ 182. Stationt'rs I

Total of Sub.~rder 27 ... l ( 183. Printing pr(OSB('S: owners, manag(·rs

land superior staff.

184. PriJlting pre8Sf's: w01'klUen and ot hel" 8U hordinates.

~ 185. Hand press propri('to1"s, lithographers I and printers. I 18li. nook-bindel'S ... .,. ... . .. ! 187. Ilook-spllerB, hook·ag"nts amI pub.

lishers. l ]89. Print and pict,nre deall'ts

Total of Sub-order 28 ...

Wo. Wat.ch and doek·makl'rs

Total of Sub-order 29 ...

209. S"lIl'J"s of hangh'B, oth"r than g-lass ... 211. SpHers of glass hangks ... . .. 216. Rosary, bead, and necklace sennrs '., 217. Makers and spliers of spangles,

lingams and sacred threads.

Total of Sub_order 33 ...

7·]

8

5

4

2

5 I

iI, I -- - -I-~---- ~-~ ----

-~-~: ----~: 1--- -~!- -----15

39 101 110

4

5

I ~t 1m :12 ,

1 I

19 41 1

7

4

4

3 4

15

5

5

1 21 23

16 23 - --~----+-

3 7

3

3 1

10

5

5

5 9

54 3

3

4

6 5

26

10

10

6 30 77

3

~~~- ----~- '--~--~ --_ -~ ,~----_ 254 77 61 1... 46 71 116

----- '---------- -~-, -----------::: _____ ~ _:~"~'~~I .. _·"_l .~~ . , .. 1

Total of Sub-order 34 4 1 1 1 1 2

22fl. Knife and tool grinders ... ... '-~---;. ---; 1--.. -. -~-~ --- -,~,~----: -. -~ 1 2

220 . .i!'nrnitm'e makers: hand industry 221. Furniture seliers ...

232. M .. chanics other than )"(tilwHY mecha- 1 .. , I . . 1 1 nies.

... --9- -~~ -4 - ... - -.-, -1--... - ii -~ Total of Sub-order 36

Total of Order XI ... ~-=;!~_ -11;"- '--~63 _._~_I " . ---73- 108 __ 1_8!_

(I 251. Persons occupied with blankets. wol. 24 11 .. '... 3 10 13 len cloth and yarJl, fur, feathers,

i and natural woo). : 251<. Dealers in woolh·n goods, fur and l feathers.

13 7... 1.. . I ... 6 \ 6

Total of SUb-order 38 ... -, --3'7 18 --1-1-.. -. -1--3 --IB ---19

Table XV.

OCCUPATIONS. 56

TABLE XV.

occupations-co n tin ue(l. ,----------~-----------------------

\ Ii

CLASS. ORDER SUB-ORmm.

f

GROUP.

Silk carders, spinn('rs anti weavors; makers of silk braid and thread.

S('11e1'8 of l'01W silk, silk dot,h, braid and th1'0ad.

Total of Sub.order 39 ...

271. Cotton eleaners, pl'eS8~rS and ginners .. . 272. Cotton We>lVers: hand industry .. . 278. Cot,ton dyers ... '" ... .. .

"-Total of Sub.order 40 ...

290. Rop'", sacking and net mak('l's

Total of Sub.order 41

(I 302. Hat, rap and turban-mak('l's, hinders and sellers.

~ 304. Piece-goods dealers .. . . .. 1 306. Tailors, millinul's, d]~'ss-makt)rs and l darners.

Total of Sub-order 42 .,.

Total of Order XII ...

316. Gold and silver wi!',) IlraWCrS, and hr01id-makm·s.

317. Workers in gold, SilV('l' and procious stones.

318. D('alcol's in gold, silv"l' [<ud preeious st.onos.

Total of Sub-order 43 ...

322. Brass, COPP"" 11,nd l)(>ll-nH'taJ workers. 323. J3ms8, copper and bell-metal sellers ...

22

<I :H7

1

ACTUAL WORKERS.

4

3

7

3 136

2

2

98 6

DEPENDENTS.

1

1

68

8

4

12

41i 1

----- ~----- ----_-- ---- ------- -_._--351 139 98 6 68 46

9

4

13

113 1

114 ----- -- ---- ---- ---' -------~ ----

2

2

1

463 519

1

273 164

7 90

16

1

66 87

1

1

117 178

2

2

183 265

----- --------- ----.-----------_---983 438 97 16 153 295 448

---~--- ---,-- ----_--- ---. -------- -----1,$95

1,109

1

21

609

568

]8

197

1

75 15

7

370 596

155 311 4615

1 2 3

___ 1 ____ 1 _____________ ---- -----1· ____ 1

1,1al 586 76 22 ... 156 313 469 ---~------------- -------_._-------

117 1'8 2 ... 9 18 27 42 40 ... ...... 2 '" 2

Total of Sub·order 44 •.. ----159-12s\----2-----------11 - ls 29 ------1------ ----

~2.j" W Ol'k",'s l,)ad.

in t.in, ziue, 'luieksilver and \ (j5 \ '27 4...... 13 21 34

Total of Sub-order 45 ... \ ----~-65 \-- 27 ----4---------~1s ---21-34'

{

320. h'on fonn?l'it's: ownp]'s, managers aud superlOr staff.

328. W orkel's in iron and hardware .. . 329. S"llers of iron and hardwa,re... .. .

Total of Sub-order 46 ...

Total of Order XIII ...

333. Sell('rs of glass and ebinawll.l'{l athol' than bung]ps.

Total of Sub_order 47 ...

336. Pot.t.ers and pot and pipe-bowl makers. 337. Sellers of potte-l'yware ...... 338. Grindstone and millstone-makers and

mendErs.

------1-- ----

439 1

1

218 1

36 7 58 127 185

___ ~ ____________ ~~-- ----1----

441 220 36 7 58 127 185 ---- --' ----------------------------

1,796 961 118 >238 479 717 ---------------------------1·---

33 15 1 7 10 17

----~ ---------------~-------------33 15 7 10 17

______________ ---------------1----1

650 17

5

236 9

215 2 5

2 1 79 4

120 2

199 6

Total of Order XIV

1----- ------- ------------- -- ---- -----"'j 672 245 222 2 1 83 122 205

... 1--705 -260 ---£~8 2 1 90 132 - 22B

Total of Sub_order 48

Table XV . .57

OCCUPATIQNS.

TABLE XV.

Occupations-continued. ---,------c-----'-------" ------... -- --------.----

GLM;S.

I 1

I Olwlm,i

I Sl'H­

OIWlm. G IifIFl'.

TOTAL OF

ACTUAL IHlRK-

1,;]tS AND Dl~PJ<;N­DlmTS.

._.-!._---

Cal'jJC'ntel'8 Dl'al"l's in tinlLt,l' (-1,nd bnml)ons Wo()rl-f'utt""R ann "","'VC'1'8

Total of Sub_order 49

:; l7~ naRkpt~\---1.ll.U.iH, inlls. H('l'('('nR, hl'OOnH~, "te" llHtkf'J'R nnd A(~llf'l'~.

('omh and_ t,qot,hstid, rna-k"l S ann RPlk-l's.

L""f-Vl:ih' lllak"l's anri ~('I],.l'R

Total of Sub_order 50

Total of Order XV

I 5

I 711 22

I 208

1-----..... -1

___ 9_41 [.

1,025

I

11 I

1,043

1,984

ACTU AL WORKERS.

'l'otal.

4u7 R

JI-\O

595

:nn

~

354

Db;PENDENTS.

,;, _;: oj

::1 c

"-

Pal'ii"Uy Ag'l'iNlltal'­

ist,.

., " 2 ,...,

11 1

00 '" oe ~ ~

I

i

10

II).~

7 J3

--- .-.-- 1--1 121' . : !5

----- ----------~

3(lf) 1 ](I I f; 1 HI

:l I ;{

11 12

IHfl :104 7 11-

H 27

----

220 345 -----_.

131 2S0

2 4 1 ___ - ___ . _____ ,. _____ _

405 10 8 151 284

406 s fJ7il 853

~Ijll. Wax. h"n,·\· ann fm"'st pl'orlll~" ro,,,!_ 3 i 2 I I I ]('etO}'fo; <Ion. Rf·iJP1'R. I ~' .. , : -.. I' ' ...

-'-'-=-2~111- -.. -2-11~-~~~~jl- 1-= ~~ ---~= C)'

;~on. CIIt'llli~h~ Hncl dl'u! . .!'g'lRtR r.. ....

;{77. Pel'fllml', in(""n8"'; anci Ranrialw"on 4 I I I ]

Total of Sub_order 51

37i'l. P(;l~~~~~'S;)(O"llpit'r1 \\ it.], mise"llam'lIuR 32 ! ~ I :1 I fi 20 drugs.

37>1. Pe1'sons o('eliVied with mis,·,·lbm·ous 5 I' 51 I" . . ily'''.

Total of Sub-order 52 ---43+-15 -----1--1 --.. - --5--23---28 ---_·_-------'-----1----.-----Total of Order XVI /f6 17 ,.. 1... /j $4 129

25

( :lR7. S!'O", "ont ann sandal-mak,'l's ---~;I-I---~; --- -~-I-~-.--- -~5- ---:-;---:

.: :lHH. S"II"1'8 uf llIanUf:wtlll'l'n l"ath('T g·()On". i1 H2 1 I lin 11 :mo. 8,·11,·1" ()f hin"R, hOI 1<', "riBtl,," and I 29 28 28

hom).. Total of Sub-order 53 181 I 89 6 2 I 24 ... 62- --86 ___________________ . I ___ . _________ _

IS 7 sn 6 I ~ i I i?4 6iB 86 .. ---~~--~--~------.-.~ '_ --or -------------- --.--

17,228 7,894 2,805: 163 i 17 2,434 I 4,095 6,529

Total of Order XVII

.---.----- -·--·---i-----.... ---I-~--·-

f ~82. llank"l'R, moill'y-l,·nri,·l's, ,·tr.. .. 48 1 S I 17 1 7 I Hi :;3 :Hlfi. Rank rl"l'ks, '"ashiel's, hil1-collpMol'R, 2 : 1 r i 1 J

'-- nr~('l)untants, ,·tn, I

Total of Sub_order 54 ... 1'--"50- --9-1-17 -----

r :~;~n. G('TlI'ral llli'}'('hants .I ~!~7. )ft'lTllantf'l' nlan ng-t '1':-:. I ('It'l'ks, aRf·dRtnr1TA, ('tl'.

n('('t)lln~ants,

r ;lPR. :l!lfl. .. 00.

Total of Sub-order 55

ShO!lk('('P('l':4, ot.lll'}'w;Rl' nDRIH'('ilh'<] Sh01Jk!'t'ppl"~1 ('l'·l'ks. f:lal(-'RHlt'n. t't,j',

Shopkpl'p('l'R' :lTlfl IntlTIl'y-lpTlrif'l's' 8Pl','nnt,s.

Total of Sub-order 56

, -·----1---·-----

7 I 17 24 -.- --------, ---~-----. ---1-'---- .. --31 I 1 1 ] 2

52 Hi! I:! I J I 12 - '1.3-

=::: ':-1=-" 1==' =:::-F' 1-': =- ': 88 :12 1 .j. 2[' 27 !io _:1-=-1_._' ____ 1_1_' _' . ___ 1}_. __ 1,_1 ______ :_

2081 127 \ 5 I 34 47 I 81

15

Table XV.

OCCUPATIONS.

(~LASS. C 1 D I't: 1:i I: B-){ "": f1BDER

1 2 1------ --

I rl ai

~ co 'i'

;il -~

:::;j ::::; Co .... (n

r:< z ~ E-'

0 P-< 00 Z <: ;.:; E-< ;:.:: u ;.:; p::i _, ,,-, :;;:: C u I

::,j

I: 8~ 1~1,;

I~l '.1 >~ , i><I Q,)

i S , I i! 'i

~ oj bll <OJ r.. 0

-+J r:Jl

'd ;I

-+J ... 0 Po.

'" ~ r..

8

~ I-t

i><I

I

>,

'" ~ .... oj

~ 00 >Q

~ i

i

J02. -1-11'1,

Wi),

107, j·OX,

t(lP.

,j. ](I.

m. -1-12.

-1-1;-l. .}] L

+11;.

58

TABLE XV.

OccupationS-l·ontinued.

TOTAL OF

AC~TuAL WORK­~;RSAND D~jp_EN­D~:NTS .

.. --- ~ ----- . -~-- \--'i-~ \ -------- ------------------ ------ -------!

Bl'ok"l'R ;Illd ag't'nts 71 A IJ('t.i()n(·(·l'~, atlflit()l'~. ;j,(·,tU<tl'i('R, :

notal'i[,A pu h]i(', ({c. I ~\1J'lt"'J's of. poullns. 1 ()II." rpni,'s, [ 10

Inal'kc·ts,l'h', !

(~()ntl'a('tlll':-:, ot,h(,l'wiR(, lH1SIH'(~itierl .. ! 93 ~'al'm'.,.s of liquo]', opi«m. ('h'. ... ' 11 I'

CI,']'I<" <'I«plo\'(,el hv midc!l(,llll'n "'1 4

-------[ Total of Sub-order 57 .• , I 126 I

1---;;1 Total of Or tier XVIII

Ag'4'nts. (lil'l·(·tOl'R, Jllanag'(']'foI and aRRiRblntR. .

()th"l' "dminist.rati", ollic·ials ('I(,l'i",tl staff nn rai!>,,"y, Stutionllw:-:.t,('l'S ann aRRi~h.l.nt'!)

s)J(>('.t,Ol'S OVPl'SP('l'S l't('

(i-uiJl'ds, o~'ivl']'s. fh'e;11f'n: I'h', Point,~nh'TI, Rl1nnt(I]'~, p()l'h'l'~,

n~lllt,],s, ('h', HailwaYR, AI'I'\'ir'(' lInspl'('ilil\d

th"il'l- 3

.. \ ~ m· i 11 1

i 8. Ri!!,'- I 28 I

Tot,,,].

~.

:i JI

]

55

;2,']1

j

2 7

2ti

I---_!~I-Total of Sub-order 58 I 81 71 . --1--

Tl'aUnnlY. nla.il (~H],l'ing't·, I'tr., mana- 61 1 gOt'l'S, ('ontract,Ol'S, ut,e.

(}ll'!, OWlwr8 and driv(,l'R, cal'ting 744 561; agl'nt.s, (_,tC',

Livery stauk-k"I'pel'R, d,'. , Drivel's, stal,le-buys, d"',, not lll'ivat.e I'

spJ'vant,s.

2 719

174 14

:: I PaC'k bulloek owner", c!ri,'('Ts, d,e. Paek camel, d"phant, mule', etC'., own­

ers and drivl'J's.

Total of Sub·order 59 1;659 _ 1,3461~_

{

·-k!'K Ships' oITkl']'8~ ('ll,l!,'iJH'{']'S, Illnl'int-'],!4 1 I II

and fi1'l'HH'Il.

12:1. ilo"t ;mel I "U'~.!' Jlll'lI 11:1 I

10

1

i -~I

PftJ,t,ia.lly AgTiellltur­

ist..

1

.J

1

I ~

, 21

29

~I ' I Ii

I ~R

a

42

3 1

11

nl

:: I - ~ - 1-

2

1 2

]][1 Hi

I 1 41

1 2 .~ ~ 1

---1: -.~I-- ~':3 --~7 -'~ol ----I-~-~-----!

I 5 \.... 51 I .

I 71 87 11)8

35

14

2 44

15 14

2[1

141 16 - -75- - .. -- --'-120 1--- 177- -- 297 1

-------I--~--·---- -.--

. . ... '1_ 81 Total of Sub-order 60 '-'--'12 . 4 [-..

::: ~::;,~:::::' '1<:::":,::::,<::1',':~: ~2::11 1:1·1.~~:~ 'I!il--"'~-I-'~: i-.- -"I ""1'R :md nth,']' subol'flillaks. ..

·1<25. T('lq~'l';-qlh: ()tti('('l'~ }Iud sn}Jf'l'ior staff. 4~t3. Tph'gl'aph: clt']'kR, sig'nnll('l's, lUL'ARf'n ..

_~ ____ 7_1 __ 8_

111

21 I 30

as I 51

J 7

2 H

g"l'S and utbt'l' Rullordiuab's. I 1 I Total of Sub-order 61 -_. 236 - 142 1--- --12 - [- -27 -- &7----94-1

~"".& ( li], [,,,d"J's ---:-. llli -, I- . -1--·' -.~ _.-:-~ 1:i; ~ 1,·}a, Watrhnll'n "mplo}",d >I" st,n]'(~s 1 1 i ... II .. I

II ~ ~ L Total of Sub.order 62 --130!-- 112- j-- -7- --... - i---- --.--. --il

[

I ,I Total of Order XIX ... 2,118 =~~51'= ~' In.J_ . _~Ii~_ 75: ;:-=-420-_I __ 1 __________________ TOTAI, o:~~~~~~ :~.~. ___ 2:5~ __ 1,90~J _~_. 112 ____ ~I _ 225 386 611

;,)9

TABLE XV.

OccupationS-('OII ti Jlll.nl..

I I

AUTITAL W()RD~RS.

fib' -----------r----·--ACTlTAL .

Table XV.

OCCUPATIONS.

CLASS. OlWEH. SUB.

flIWgl~. 1 GIWUP.

TOTAL I wonK. 'rotal. P~]'t.,all~ ~atS AND A);I'WUltUl'lst ..

1

rti Z 0 H w w P«

"" 0

"" I'-;

I .,.;

(

I 1

i i ~ I

L

1

DEP]1_]N­m:NTS.

I ~

I--~----~ --~ --~- -I-~----7 10 11 12 I. 4. " I, I; I

--I ----- ----------------- ------ ·-----------1-- --'-------'--

01 I::: 0 ..... til til .::: 0 ...

Po4 ., ..... .... !T.I ..... .... ... -< <"d t;i

<"d

2:l !Ii G:> ..:r

~ M

(! 444. Pl'i(·Ht.~, mini8t.c·j·s. ,·t.e. 421 i i 445. c:"t,.>("hist .•• j"(·ariC',· •• eIlUl'c'l, and missio" 80 2t1

:3 1

20 36

28 54

\ § 4·}(;. ll,~,~'i';~::::~ :::~;ll1i(~all ts. inluat(,S of nlt))l· I, : ..... ~ L • t t

7 2 5

~

! 1

....... aSH'l'l('S, ('nn"('n .8, (' ,(~.

~ ! ·.H7. f 'hm·(·.h. (""up!(', hUJ'ia! or burning 4811 2.i5 ~.~ I t:ill Hi5 05 I g"l'OHlJIl 8urvine. pihrl'inl conduct,ol'S, <S> I lllld",·t.",k",'~, ,·t:". ~ I I

•

4}!J. A~:~'~c~;~:j:'tc:- _ ,jivin('l's, Ico)"o"''')l'''' i ____ ~l~1 ~~I----__ 3 __ ._. ____ _:_' ___ l_B ____ a5 1

Total of Sub-order 63 1 737 -i __ ~I_ '1 31 112 239 351

( .J.lil. A,tUlirtist.rlttiw.,'mdinsp(·(·tin"offi('ialR. 7' 2 ----;------2-1---:-31---; 45:1. ('I('rks and S""VfLllts c(mn"dl'd ,,-it·ll 10 k 2 . 2 2 '

~. 452. P1'inf'ipals, prnfI'RsOl'" ;tnd t.te,,,,h('rs .. 263 1:H .j. n 1 38 ',;71 125 1

l I'dl1(.',ntion.

r ,,, .. 1 .lB.,,,,,, " -_ "0 =144- i __ i 44 = -i I - "- _ " 1__ _"'_

I 451;. W,·it.,·l'S (uIIRI){'(·ilitod) "lid l',';-vak 341 2(1 I 5 :i Ii 1 14 ~ I ('!PI·ks. i 4.')I( S,·n-i",· in ]il>l'n.l'i,·s ;cnd lit,""'11T 3 1 I ... I .. ' 21 LI institutions. \

I Total of Sub·order 65 37 ---21 -- ~~~- --5- --- -----3--~ --

I .j.~\l. ]{alTist",.s, nrl"O('at.t-s am! p] .... ,h'l'R ---I~-8r- --:J--~- --~~ -.. ~-41;:2_ KHzi, . 24 H 1

·ttl:!. Al·j.i(,](·rl (,]'']'ks alii! "ti,,·.r l"w),·,·.' 19 (i I 1

(·]"J'ks. 4-0·4<. Pl,t.itinn-\\ ['h('r~\ t()nts~ ('f,(',

4-1)5. St'loll'I'., .. n,l"rs 37 17 5 '" J .. .

41

(I

3

65 6 Il

13 ()

2

16

106 15 13

22 12

l.~ 1\ ... !I a .. .

---------1----.. ---- ----------.--- _--._--Total of Sub-order 66.

AllIHiniHtl'a.t,iYl' Hnd inSpl\j't,in~' st,aft' (wht'li }lOt, j't,tul'fll'd nu(il'l" g"'Jlf')'}!]

l",,,rl.l. 467. Ill'ac..:titillll('l'S ,\ritl1 iiipJ01UR: .• li("'llfw, Ill'

c(·ptiti('utc' , MIg. 1'1·fM·t.it.i"IWj·S" ithou t. eli pl')llla 471. Vac· ... inato]"s ·172 .. Midwiv<'R 47:{, CO!llpounripr~! 1l1:-lt,l'Ons, TlUl'FH'S, and

hospital, asylum "'IlII dispensftl'Y

102 - ---- ---- ____ I ___ ~ ~ ~ ___________ _ 2251' 57 i ... 20 66

12 J I .. I 1

I I : 171 12 i

120 I 55 22 (l

8 51 ! 25

I i

10

Ii 1

3 2

1

2

24 3

10

3

31 13

2 J6

168

11

5

55 )()

2 25

----11

- - --+---- ------------------ -----230 99 I 17 12 39 75 114

---- ---- ---- ·---1------------- --- ------_

st'nric·t'.

Total of Sub·order 67

j( ~74.

+75. 47<1.

477.

l +7H.

Administ.l'flt.iv(' and insp(,(·ting· shlff I Civil ('ngillC""S ;lnd al'citit.Pcts ... rropDgl'aph.ical, a_1'('h,,~nl()g1(·n.1 an~l I

l'('v('n lit' survc'yol'S. Dmu!,-htsm('n and ope1'«I.01·8 in SIl1'\-ey

offi(ws, OY('l'St'{'1'S, (,t(~.

Cll'rks, ..te., in offi,.ns of th,· f1huv"

106 10 20

5 1 \-I

28 4 2

2B J 2

41-\ 3 4

1

21

74 4 ~---

1

I _______ ; ___ -__ ~ __________ ~~ ____ ~ _______________ ,

Total of SUb'Ol"d

I1

8

f

r ~(811()O]81---- ~1_50-i------56

51

, -- :'-- ~_:7 - -1- -- -'~;l- ----. 7721--~095 '

483. }'"illt ... ]·S, sUI'I'J'inknd'mts o.

uf al't, ete. I

485. Photographel's ... ... 3 2 I 1 1

TotalofSub·order70 ... 1----13----7--)-- ~.~--:.~. -~\----3 3·----;-1

16

Table XV.

OCCUPATIONS. 60

TABLE XV.

Occupations-concluded.

A("['('AL I\"Of{Ki·:RS, I

'I'UTAL 1--------- i OE' I I I

AC'l'U AL l'artinllj I WORK- Total. I Ag'l'i,!'ultm'- I

El{S AN"D 18t, 1 Dl<]P~:N- I

CLASS. 0 R,D ~JH. GIWUP.

m:NT8. ~--I 1 --1

1

'---, -I-.f-I---~---~--I--"'-

?' los'!' , '" 1 '!' C;; ~ ~

1--' ~-~'~ (1-.--3--------=---*--------11

1

- fi ____ '_~ i __ ~-I ~_lli ~II ~; ~~- _~: _ 1 '1:1;:;";:; , ~ oj, oj, (488. Bandmash'l's &11(1 l)lnyel'~ (not mill- 22 1;:1 1 I 1:.; I' 9

I ~P-I:: I: "'.,;.!S Q J tal'Y)· I I , i"'tc.> .... ~.poI ~~ '\ .H.· , I'

I ~:;: ~ I '; ~ ~ .. , ""U. A('t,ors, smg"l'R and rlam',l'l's 0Il,,1 t,h,'n' 43 ]:) \l:l 5 U 19 Q).!'S I ~ ;::!<I=I L ""uompanists. I 1------- ---------

i I~~.~ Ii Total of Sub-order 71 "II 65 27 _l~L 3_ __ __ !2 ___ -~ 1 X~ ~ II t; t- Total of Order XX 1,7.52 7.90 88 I idS 1 I:i:2J 9;24-

~ (:. 4H2. Bhika!'i~. fa\c.olll'I'", \,il'lj-"atnhel" 15 \i - 1- ~ - ~ * 5 9

1 ~ Totat'of Sub-order 72 ~"I ~~ 15 6 1------, -~ - -- -4 5 9

od 405. _P{'1'80nS engagt·d in sOl'vi(~e of pl'Wt'H -_ "- 6 0) --I-~- -I--~ -- ---;- ·---4->=I • of publiu I'ntl'rt.ainllll'nt. I =~ I <11 0 ,,9(;, l<;xhibitol'B of tmined animals ~" 15 ,';' ;J -j,

~ ~ ~~~: g:~~;]'(~;:~~~.~tr::~~~',lg~~'~~h~::',~: fortuIIl,-1 7: 5:' 10 I 10 I ~ li r t!:> ~ tdlers, ete. I I I 1

",po< I ~W:I. Tllmblers, a'·,l'oitat.s, \H'('st,l.-T'H, 1'1'(\'1 28 11 II I' Ii I 17 1- l ft'sslonal cl'iek{'t('l"{j t·1T. '

1 Total of Sub-order 73 I ~~O- ~- -14 jl=- 10 i= ==j~~_6_ :_ ,,1::-::. " 1 Total of Order XXI" I 86 1:" IIi I ' 10 ~ ..].:-1- ~ 4ft '

(I TOTAL uF CLAdS F Ili _ 1,894 8761=-~~~!=~~I_=-_!-lli-=-~~~-- 6551 ~_966-5UI. Tank-dig-g"!'s allli ('XC" \-ators '" 301 ;HJ I 21 1 '" 'I ,~ ]:! U I' 26 .';02, Iload, I'allal an'lmi\way lahour"" 573 ~jk7 'I' ~a l __ :.!l ,_"_' L u _!~~_ ±3

II Total of Sub.order 74 874 -- -~;l --~~'5-1 __ ~1 1_" __ 1__ ,~~_ =- ~.~ { ''''. ", 'w'~II" I"",,· ',83' 1 I.,.,,, I.. "h- i- ." I~ _ ~ I. "50 I ""

Total ofSnb-order 75 2,830 __ 1'~~~I--_~4711----:'--i-- _1~.I ___ ~~~~ ____ ~ ___ 663.

Total of Order XXII :i,O;l I ~~ =:~ ____ 20 :-~-i __ .~(Jl~ ___ . ~(j! __ 73ft

l f Jl(_'('I'tain ur not 1'1't,\1)'nl'tl 46 1 j .) i I I (' .J I 8

5Uo. Pl'()~tit.llt.('8

T,t,' ,f Sub"'"" ': ,: I-~: 111_-•• ~-__ !I--- ,= __ ~[ : '--~-~=-: 50H, Witeill's, wizal'dK, ,'()w-pois'>nI'T', l't.I', I) 5 I '~'_ i-'-'~-I--'~-' __ ~ __ -~~i---_-:_~

Total of Sub-order 77 17 ~~ 51 ~~~ 3 1-~~--1-.:.-_:_-- _ ~_~ 1 ___ 6 I ___ ~

510.

512,

1;13,

1)14,

515. 51(', 518. 520.

'rotal of Order XXIII

TOTAL OF CLASS G

H0I1Sf'-l'f'nt., shal'('s and otlli'l' l'l'Op('l'ly n(Jt 1)('ing 1"mL "

Edur~ationnl 01' oth('l' ('Ilcl0Wm('lltS,

seholarships, dc, l\1r'ndicancy (not, ill eOllIlPrti(Jll wit,)'

fl religio1ls ordl'l'). Total of Sub-order 78

Pt'n'3ion, ei vil 8(·~]'vicl·S P~nsion, military s('l'viet's Pension, unspecified Prisoners, und"l' trial Prisoners, (,Ollvletl'o. or in l'l'fOrnla ..

tories, pte. Total of Sub-order 79

Total of Order XXIV

1.') 1 :3;' II ." I ", 9 I 8 1 ___ 17

3, 767 2,~~O I. ~ ~~~ 1- 26~ 1-'1_I=_~~ 1= ~091=--749-91 B I 21 I 1 3

j

. 25 a3 58

61 ,I i i n i :2\1 I :lsi 52

~2H 1_ 30: i ___ l_! __ I __ '_~ 1~_1 __ 1_8=--1,064 _~~O_I~3 i ___ 1: : ____ 3 ! __ l~~_I_~~j~=--

57 :':5 I I'~ I 1 31 1 I 32 6 1 I '- 21 ~ 1 6 ;; I I 1 1 1 J 32 I __ '*

!J 1 i '," l--·~~ - l 1:!51 _____ 1_ ' '_ !_~-_:_ ____ '_' _1_'_" ___ ,

912

6·3

i~~ '201 ::: I ;;::- ~I~~i== ,:; ::.:-,::1 3~ , I 1,299 6121' 32511 16 I 4 I 159 1 203 ~ 362

Grand Total ,j-iSO,607- -i6,068 50,614: "7631«-\24,190 129,735-- 53,925 TOTAL OF CLASS II

ci 0 ...... +'> ~ ~ p C) C)

0 ...... ~

B Co)

~ -< >- rtj

s:: ~ ~

...... ~

~ s:: 0

~ ...... ~

~ ...... rtj

-< ~ $.0

E-4 8 ~ ..c Q) ~ til ~

0 't:$ Q) +> C) Q) ..... Q)

til

---'-_-" -----

~ .. ;c ::i: >=< ". 0

'-C-OO ;c ~ ~. p:; 0 ;:: ....:;

~ C-'

H c_. «:

"" c ~ 0 ::...,

~ 9

->=< ~

e 9 ~ ~

I·SW)!'f"dn,l.)1) ';I'lHjntl,).IS!a 1_

'pHH ;q~uydPul 'II LXX! r:--l

pu"

I pun

.. mo, [WI [I'l." 1lI0f) II

>j.IO'\\'IFW,'1 'IIXX ~

•• l:(htlo'~ B 1

j,IO<!SUH.[.L 'XIX! c.;

,~

· ... )~.)mll"'.J 'III .\X I ?l i

- - ---------1--,

1 ________ .~:~I""'1 'II,\X i :;:; .1

I '·)1" ,-,

'",)Aa 'RlIlI'f) 'si1n,la '1.1 X I '" I'

1

_- - --- ----. - - ·o~.) "s. lAHWI -!;-~':__.:nfp,:) 'l'oOAI ',\X i ..., _I! , ' 1 ·,-J,lHM.lunts ,oc

i I'Ull u.l'IJ.l"'>l '~""If) ".\ IX \ ~ 1- ------- _.:~Hln'tS I t';

!,,~~E~~~i Inn: SIBl"l:>J,:.:~IX II~_

I pUll S;I!.l<I'~.iI "iljX,',L '1 [X .=i

<H'pl,)1Uaqn\) il'~ ,I.U'jll,HU"ld,lns 'IX I ..., i-CJH

I : 'sl"sS~A pHil ""I,I!'I""I 'X :;!; ,1_

1------·_----------'- , ~ I

,

1-·~).nH,lOLil I -:q \

I P'~~i!Il!,'!.i[ _~_~1:;1!'1 '~_I .-- 'SjllUl'IUl!l1l 1 ~ I

rl

pUB _~T!!_'? 'l)l)l'.>l 11.\ I ~ i-- __I 1 ·Hd,,!.\.ld~ \·.lIq~(Il_!S pUll I =- II ~~ I i p[ol.{dsn"H ·1"u"',',".~_'_1 ,_I_I_-:__

I, j;-:;

',),[n~ln"!,[,~v ',1. :T. I ~ "",-

"" ,----.-------~--' I '~p:-nn! IIV ::f) i .~ 1 JO .)Jl\;-) PUI; HO~l.;!_\_O,lrl • 1\ l I 1

I '~'l'f'q" 1l,jj,,,,!O '1--:----1 ~ . .. '.--

PUU '),\!'+UN JO ~)~~~A,l·)8~·I_I_l L ____ _ ',),IU,),f.lU -II - I

-------------------I-~-

'lID!P3,qS!U!IUPV 'I , ,~ I ~ ------~-~--- ---,

1\_ 'SjIWpU,ll[.'a \-i<

:::-::~T~-'I-=l-~ \ ..... ~ ...... ~~~~ \ '>, p:jooS E-<E::8E-<

Ii'i ~ l7J ..q 0

"" i .-C Iiil ::IiI

~

;-.i rl

?f. ~

~I

~

6]

Q) C) ~

~ "d d ~

+" C) Q)

rn. ~ ..c s::

~ 0 ...... H ~

~

>- ...... p

~ ~

! -0 flf

~ s:: ~

cG ...... -+"

~ Ul ......

< ... .z: E-4 0

Q)

.s:: -+"

c... 0

s:: 0 ...... +" P tl ...... ... +> Ul ...... A

Tables XVI & XVII. COORGS BY OCCUPATION

AND CHRISTIANS BY SECT AND RACE.

i

o rl ---;-------,

"".0 .,S"" ~~ i~ ., I rl~ ---- - ----- ._._----------'-, --

t;V; -r C'r~ 1i'1 r-I M I <'D 1-.. ;g,_, ~ · rl- 1 , .. ,"

i ------ .. -~~---,--

: :; ~C?~';73 I~ Z I ___ _____ !

I 4 ~-t~rll~ '-I I

1--_- ---~- ~ 00 COl I Oi

- I I 1------.---;---i r- ~ X "" "" 0 l-j h

J '--~~I~-r/J. Ii ~ ~ ,~ 1, :-:-1 Cr:l cy: I' 0 i I :T. ..., 8l_..; g

:_~ ___ I_~I----·~ rl I rl-! I, I

. ' I -;.__"...,.~cY)"""'rl,r_.-·[ '!' I -r ~'" r-(~,~ Ie;

I rl- \ "" : ,I I ~ · ~ I ~~.-4~~~~:; 'AI

I CQ 0:> Q) ~

\ ~ !, '>1 I cf I ~ ----~---·~--I-I .. -~· -~:: :-.

'" '" ~

'l.'

.2 :E<

-< Z

>1 :0 ·z

'" >=<

,'" : .. Z Ol I:>

.E< • Oil

, '-",.-.

o f:-;

Table XVIII. EUROPEANS AND

EURASIANS BY AGE.

I-----l~------- -----;-----

I ~ ""'IOUld'l I'"

1 I o§ ';: _ - __ c L-t< :; I I ." '."1"[\ i ~

I u; l's')[1,m ,J.>!: I ~

if) ;..; 0 ""1 :l:l

A ~

~ ..:l ~

A ~ ""1 ~ ""1 ;:.:: il-; C A:i t.;J ;:.::

! i _

I-_:~- --~~I~ :;; -I ~ 'tI"lUlIt"JI ~

I

I _:__~:'I"III I ~ ~ !'~~ll,~"a"1 I ~_I'

I ' ~1 I '~dpq\J i''':' I ......, ! ::v: I

I

1

"""1"111.1 ,t ' ;; .. I ~ ..

°1",)[1:1\ , ;J

----_---------- ~.-

g I ~~~ ~ --_:.~~-, ::. I 'f.;')'Hl~ I ~., I W I c~ ~

~ ----------g 'S.-llHIUd..!l ~ C'l

II, ·S.1f"l( '" ~

""' I'S~I'''~'')il_i "" ~1

:v; 01 '""1" I~ : '>1 ,

0. \',.,'fTI1U"Cl I ;j l ____ '"_"l" II: I ~~ -.,j<

~ _i ·HU"8.h',t OC I

.; ... C; ;.:

i.

r:r. J: ,. ;: ..

::!;

II 5 ~ '~~~~l~~ ;)~]- _= I'

i ~::; I '""PI\) ;:; I I g -'""Illal~~~ I~ I i ~ ""1"1\ i ~

I g -:H.)rp.;;;~,,~ i ~ I \.0 'S')I1!I\[ ~-r 00 i--~ --i~()IP.I~l')/J ; ;-_ i , 1- .___ __. I

I ;1 I '''''l''l~' ~ I~--~-

i-; :.s'~~"Jl t : 1- - g-I l I--:;'~-~ ~ - ________ ~~ ___ I

i ;'"dIH'U".~ \ t- I ~, I ri -------. -----~, ) ~r' I I' ',C I' I.. 'Soll"]\: ' .~ "'"

1 ___ ~ __ '"UO~'~~~~~I ___ ~ _ i

" ~ o o U

62