converting food leftovers into energy and fertilizer … · 2017-02-02 · converting food...
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Converting Food Leftovers into Energy and Fertilizer
Resources
Ruihong Zhang, PhD, Professor
Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
University of California, Davis
Chief Technology Advisor, CleanWorld
Email: [email protected]
August 10, 2015
4th International Conference and Exhibition
on Food Processing and Technology
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Organic Resource Recovery with
Advanced Anaerobic Digestion
2
Food Leftovers: Food Processing Residues, Food Scraps
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Bioenergy From Food Waste (Energy, Environmental, Public Health and Economic Benefits)
• Produce low carbon fuel for renewable energy
• Divert waste from landfill
• Reduce air and water pollution, greenhouse gas
emissions
• Create jobs and economic development
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California Renewable Energy Porfolio and Bioenergy Feed-in Tariff
• Renewable energy currently accounts for 20% of
total electrical energy supply
• Renewables Portfolio Standards (RPS) requires that
all electricity retailers in the state provide 33% of
electricity with renewables by the end of 2020.
• SB1122 requires 250 MW of Bioenergy
Procurement by Electrical Utilities,
• 110 MW biogas energy from municipal and food
waste sources,
• 95 MW from dairy waste
• 45 MW from forest waste
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Other California Policy Drivers for Bioenergy
Development (McKinney, 2014)
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Anaerobic Digestion
Biogas
Sugars,
Amino acids,
Fatty acids
CH4, CO2
Anaerobic Digestion
H2 , CO2
Organic acids
Biogas Energy Electricity and heat
Natural gas
Compressed natural gas
Liquefied natural gas
Gasoline
Chemicals
Digester
Effluent Nutrients
Fibers
Water
Organic Waste Food
Green
Agricultural
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• Reduce organic waste – food,
green and agricultural – from
landfills;
• Produces bioelectricity, heat &
renewable Compressed Natural
Gas to power homes and
vehicles;
• Converts byproducts to valuable
organic soil amendments for
farming; and
• Captures greenhouse gases &
other
harmful emissions.
Anaerobic Digestion
Benefits Energy, Environment and Health
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UC Davis Biogas Energy Project
• Research and demonstration of
anaerobic digestion and biogas
energy technologies for converting
various organic residuals into
biogas energy and biobased
products
• Public education on waste to
energy conversion and resource
management
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UC Davis Biogas Project Sponsors
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• Thermophilic digestion (three stage)
• Capable of treating a variety of organic solid
waste
• Fast digestion rate and short retention time
• High biogas energy output
• Destruction pathogens in waste, producing safe
biofertilizers
High Solids Anaerobic Digestion
Technology Developed at UC Davis
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Concept development
laboratory testing
Engineering design
Equipment selection
Construction,
Operation,Monitoring,
Process scale-up
Pilot testing
0.5-6 Gallons
50,000 Gallons >300,000 Gallons
Commercialization
By CleanWorld
Lab to Commercial Scale Up for
the High Solids Anaerobic Digestion (HSAD) Technology
2011 2000 2004 2012 2005 2010 2008
Feedstock Demonstration Determine
digestibility
Pilot Design Pilot Construction
Pilot Testing
Effluent digester Stability
Economic and Environmental Analyses
2007
Design of commercial plant
Microbiology Biodigester Engineering
`
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UC Davis Biodigester:
Powering Campus with Food Waste
Jointly developed by CleanWorld and UC Davis
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• Designed to treat 50 tons per day organic waste with electrical
generation capacity of 690 kW from biogas.
• Additional 235 kW electrical generation capacity provided from
landfill gas.
• Anaerobic digestion: a three stage thermophilic anaerobic
digestion system with 450,000 gallon digester working volume
• The biogas cleanup: water vapor via chiller, H2S via iron sponge,
siloxanes and volatile organic carbons via carbon filter
• Energy conversion: four Capstone C200 Microturbines (each
rated @ 200 kW) for co-generation of electricity and heat and an
organic Rankine-cycle (ORC) engine-generator (rated @ 125 kW)
for converting waste heat from the microturbines into additional
electricity
UC Davis Biodigester
for Waste to Energy Conversion
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Renewable Energy Anaerobic Digestion
Facility – UC Davis Biodigester
Operation Since January 2014
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Digester Feedstock:
Food Waste
Animal Waste
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Public Education with UC Davis Biodigester
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Providing Bioenergy to
West Village
A Zero Net Energy Community
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• Treats 40,000 tons per year
of food waste, producing
RNG to fuel trucks and buses
• Produces 700,000 diesel
gallon equivalents per year
of renewable natural gas for
area fleets
• Produces valuable soil
amendments for area farms
Sacramento BioDigester Project Host Partner: Sacramento County
Commissioned: January 2013
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CleanWorld Biodigester System
Sacramento, California
Renewable Natural Gas Production and Fueling Station
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• Custom design soil products
according to plant needs
- Nutrients
- Microbes
- Pathogen free
Fertilizer and Soil Products from Digestate
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Testing Digestate As Organic Fertilizer Products
Testing Variables
• Digestate dilution
• Application rate
• Application schedule
Measurement
• Plant size
• Plant biomass
• Chlorophyll in leaves
• Nutrients uptake
• Soil properties
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Application of
Digestate Fertilizer Products
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