Name: __________________________

Student Objectives & Assignments Unit 1 (Chapter 1)

1.1 Key Concepts

· Science begins with curiosity and often ends with discovery.

· Science and technology are interdependent. Advances in one lead to advances in another.

· Natural science is generally divided into three branches: physical science, Earth and space science and life science

1.2 Key Concepts

· The goal of a scientific method is to solve a problem or to better understand an observed event.

· A scientific law describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it. The explanation of such a pattern is provided by a scientific theory.

· Scientific models make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to observe directly.

1.3 Key Concepts • Scientific notation makes very large or very small numbers easier to work with.

· Scientists use a set of measuring units called Sl.

· The precision of a calculation is limited by the least precise measurement used in the calculation.

1.4 Key Concepts

· Scientists can organize their data by using data tables and graphs.

· Scientists can communicate results by writing in journals or speaking at conferences.

Words to Define- Science, technology, chemistry, physics, geology, astronomy, biology, scientific method, observation, hypothesis, manipulated variable, responding variable, controlled experiment, scientific theory, scientific law, model, scientific notation, length, mass, volume, density, conversion factor, precision, significant figures, accuracy, thermometer, slope, direct proportion, inverse proportion

Conversion Challenge

2) Meter

5) Millimeter

8) Centimeter

3) Gram ___

6) Liter _____

9) Milligram _____

10) decagram____

Write the correct abbreviation for each metric unit,

DENSITY CALCULATIONS WORKSHEET

1) A student measures the mass of an 8 cm3 block of brown sugar to be 12.9 g. What is the density of the brown sugar?

2) A chef fills a 50 mL container with 43.5 g of cooking oil. What is the density of the oil?

3) Calculate the mass of a liquid with a density of 2.5 g/mL and a volume of 15 mL.

4) Calculate the volume of a liquid with a density of 5.45 g/mL and a mass of 65 g.

5) A machine shop worker records the mass of an aluminum cube as 176 g. If one side of the cube measures 4 cm, what is the density of the aluminum?

6) A teacher performing a demonstration finds that a piece of cork displaces 23.5 mL of water. The piece of cork has a mass of 5.7 g. What is the density of the cork?

7) A carver begins work on the following block of granite that weighs 2700 g. What is the density of the granite?

20

cm

10

cm

5 cm

8) A piece of PVC plumbing pipe displaces 60 mL when placed into a container of water. If the pipe has a mass of 78 g, what is the density of PVC?

9) A solid magnesium flare has a mass of 1300 g and a volume of 743 cm3. What is the density of the magnesium?

10) A graduated cylinder has a mass of 50 g when empty. When 30 mL of water is added, the graduated cylinder has a mass of 120 g. If a rock is added to the graduated cylinder, the water level rises to 75 mL and the total mass is now 250 g. What is the density of the rock?

11) A student performs an experiment with three unknown fluids and obtains the following measurements:

Fluid A: m = 2060 g, V = 2000 mL

Fluid B: m = 672 g, V = 850 mL

Fluid C: m = 990 g, V = 1100 mL

Draw how the fluids would be layered if they were combined in a beaker.

12) Use your density skills to find the identity of the following mystery objects.

Table of Densities

Solids

Density g/cm3

Solids

Density g/cm3

Marble

2.56

Copper

8.92

Quartz

2.64

Gold

19.32

Diamond

3.52

Platinum

21.4

PRACTICE WITH

GRAPHING DATA

1. You collected data on the amount of rain that fell over a. period of time. Your data is recorded in the table below.

a. Graph the data on the graph paper below. Be sure to utilize as much of the graph as possible.

b. Provide a title for your graph.

c. Label the x and y axis.

Time (days)

Depth of rainwater gauge(cm)

0.00

10

2

20

4

30

8

40

12

50

15

d. Using a ruler draw a best fit line.

1. In the above graphs which is the independent variable? ________________

2. Which is the dependent variable? _________________

3. What information does this graph represent?

4. Determine the slope of the graph. What are the units of the slope?

5. Extrapolate: What would the depth of rainwater in the gauge be at 52 days?

6. Interpotate: How many days does it take the rainwater depth in the gauge to reach 11 cm?

7. How many days does it take the depth of the rainwater in the gauge to go from 8 to 12 cm?

8. How many days does it take the depth of the rainwater in the gauge to go from zero to 10 cm?

9. How many INCHES of rainwater were coflected in the gauge after 50 days? (t in = 2.54 cm)

10. How could this data and graph be useful?

Graphing Data

In the United States, we use the Fahrenheit scale to describe temperature, while the rest of the world uses the Celsius scale. The chart below shows temperatures in both units that are equivalent. Plot the data points on the graph provided using the rules for graphing received in class. Then use the graph generated to answer the following questions.

Tem erature

-58

-40

-22

-4

14

23

32

41

50

68

86

104

122

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

-5

5

10

20

30

40

50

1. Zero degrees Fahrenheit is equal todegrees Celsius.

2. At what temperature are both Fahrenheit and Celsius readings the same?

3. If the temperature rose from 250C to 450C, how many degrees Fahrenheit would this be?

4. What would the Fahrenheit temperature be at 12.00C ?

5. What is the Celsius temperature when a Fahrenheit thermometer reads body temperature 98.60?

6. What is the Celsius temperature at room temperature 750F ?

Questions for Review:

1. Which of the following would best suit data that describe how a part relates to the whole?

a. line graphb. bar graphc. circle graphd. scientific notation

2. Give an example of a case where the branches of natural science appear to overlap.

3. What is the goat of a scientific method?

4. How are controlled experiments useful?

5 Suppose you perform an experiment and the resulting data does NOT support your hypothesis. What is the next step you might take?

6 What are some safety precautions that you should follow when working in the laboratory?

7 What is scientific notation?

8 What are the Sl base units for length and temperature?

9 How can you convert a temperature in Celsius to Kelvins?

10 Why is it important for scientists to communicate their results?

11 How many significant figures are there in the following numbers:

a. 0.010200b. 10,000c. 10,000.00d. 0.1250

12. I have a block of metal with a mass of 12 grams and a volume of 3 ml.. What is the density of the block? SHOW YOUR WORK!

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