controlling campus energy consumption via the ip network: a feasibility study for achieving energy...
DESCRIPTION
Root Question What is the potential for network-based technologies to collect, aggregate and communicate building energy data to enable informed, coordinated management by key decision makers? Why is this important to us? We want to see resources (energy, money, time, people) used as efficiently as possible. 3TRANSCRIPT
Controlling Campus Energy Consumption via the IP Network:
A Feasibility Study for Achieving Energy
Efficiency with Cisco EnergyWise
Hunt BriggsTim Haines
Bryan HogleSarah Howie
2
Behind the Curtain
3
Root QuestionWhat is the potential for network-based technologies to collect, aggregate and communicate building energy data to enable informed, coordinated management by key decision makers?
Why is this important to us?We want to see resources (energy, money, time, people) used as efficiently as possible.
4
Overview
I. Energy ManagementII. Network-Based Energy ManagementIII. University Energy ManagementIV. University of Michigan Case StudyV. Conclusions & Recommendations
5
I. ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Conclusions & Recommendations
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
Management
6
Systematic tracking and planning of energy use
What is Energy Management?
– Metering & Monitoring consumption– Identifying & Implementing saving measures– Verifying Savings With Proper Measurements
-ACEEE
Conclusions & Recommendations
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
Management
7
Energy Matters to Industry
Johnson Controls Energy Efficiency Indicator
Global
US/Can
ada
Pan-Europe
IndiaChina
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100% Not at all_x000d_ImportantNot Very_x000d_ImportantImportantVery_x000d_ImportantExtremely_x000d_Important
Source: JCI EEI 2010
How Important Is Energy Management at your
organization?
01
2
34 5 6
7
8
910
6.5Average:
6.6
Min: 1Max: 8Std. Dev: 2.8
Conclusions & Recommendations
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
Management
8
Drivers of Commercial Energy Management
Regulatory
• Existing Regulation• Utility EERS• Building Codes
• Anticipated Regulation• ISO 50001
• GHG Management
Strategic
• Enhancing Public Image
• Attract & Retain Customers, Employees & Tenants
• Achieve Sustainability Goals
• Risk Management
Operational
• Energy Cost Savings• Improve Overall
Operational Efficiency• Demand Side
Management
Conclusions & Recommendations
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
Management
Demand Side Management & Utility Billing
9
Charge Type Amount Used Rate Charge
Total Amount Due: = $6,480
Power Demand 248 kW $10.00/ kW = $2,480
Electricity Consumption 50,000 kWh 8¢/kWh = $4,000
02/01
02/03
02/05
02/07
02/09
02/11
02/13
02/15
02/17
02/19
02/21
02/23
02/25
02/27
0
100
200
300Power Demand
kW
248 $avings Can Be Achieved by Reducing Consumption
or Limiting Demand Spikes
Conclusions & Recommendations
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
Management
10
Commercial Building Systems
*Actual Values will depend on geography, building function, etc.
AC & Central ChillersBoilers & HeatingPlumbingElectrical SecurityLightingBuilding EnvelopeBuilding AutomationAir Handling & Distribution
Source: EIA
Space Heating
36%
Cooling8%
Ventilation7%
Water Heating8%
Lighting21%
Cooking3%
Refriger-ation6%
Office Equipment
1%
Computers2%
Other9%
Conclusions & Recommendations
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
Management
11
II. NETWORK-BASED ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Conclusions & Recommendations
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
12
Cisco EnergyWise
Conclusions & Recommendations
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
13
Converging Systems- Smart Buildings
Features• Integrated Building
Controls• Remote Web-based
Management• Better Demand
Response Capabilities
Drivers• Open Control
Protocols (BACnet)• Software, Web• Analysis & Reporting• Sensor Networks
SmartBuildings
Information Technologies
Operations Technologies
Conclusions & Recommendations
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
Existing Building Control Infrastructure
ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS Facility Management
Maintenance ManagementIT Network Management
Wireless
IP Telephony
BMS
VAV
FCU
Heat Pump
Chilled Beam
Boilers
Chillers
AHU
Building Mgmt
IP Camera
Lighting Control
General LightingChannel Controllers
DSI/DALI Interface
Occupancy Detectors
VAV
FCU
Heat Pump
Chilled Beam
BMS
Building Mgmt
Lighting Control
General Lighting
DSI/DALI Interface
Occupancy Detectors
Access Control
Access Control
CCTV
DVR
*Illustration by Cisco Systems
Conclusions & Recommendations
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
A Converged
Solution
Energy & Power Metering
CCTV
DVR
Fire Alarm System
Smoke Sensor
Break Glass
Sounder
ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS
Energy ManagementBuilding ManagementFacility ManagementSecurity ManagementMaintenance ManagementIT Network Management
Door Controllers
Access Control
Reader Technology
Intruder Panels
VAV
FCU
Heat Pump
Chilled Beam
Boilers
Chillers
BMS
AHU
Lighting Control
General Lighting Channel
Controllers
DSI/DALI Interface
Occupancy Detectors
UPS Monitoring
IP Camera IP Telephony
Wireless
Mediator
Switch Router
*Illustration by Cisco Systems
Conclusions & Recommendations
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
16
Platform to Analyze Data (Trends, etc)
Data Warehouse
Operational Data
Energy-Related
Data (From EnergyWise, for example)
What Should Be Collected?Operational Data
– Occupancy– Utility Billing Data– Interval Data For All Points
Within The BAS Energy-Related Data
– Meter Data– Utility Interval Data – Weather
• Enterprise Energy Management Systems (EEMS)
Energy Data Management
Conclusions & Recommendations
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
17
III. ENERGY MANAGEMENT AT UNIVERSITIES
Conclusions & Recommendations
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
UniversityEnergy
Management
18
Key Traits of the University
• Thought leadership• Stakeholders• Diversity of missions within the university• Economics
– Non-profit (generally)– Primary revenue generation is student tuition
• Peer organizations– Competition– Trends in planning and reporting
Trends: - Importance of Personalization
- Desire to be Leaders & Best
- Need for Systemic Perspective
Conclusions & Recommendations
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
UniversityEnergy
Management
19
U of M Energy Basics
• Two sources of energy on campus– Steam– Electricity
• Points of energy use measurement– Central Power Plant can see overall campus
demand on a 15-minute scale– Building energy use is generally read only on a
monthly basis
Conclusions & Recommendations
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
UniversityEnergy
Management
20
Current Scenario: Data, Dollars and Decision Makers
Central Power Plant
• Mission: uninterrupted power
• Financial objective: cover costs of power purchasing and production
• Energy Data: total campus demand every 15 minutes
Facility Manager
• Mission: provide comfortable building environment
• Financial objective: manage overall budget, including operational costs
• Energy Data: monthly bill for building at large
External IT Group
• Mission: provide consistently excellent IT services to all user groups
• Financial objective: cover costs of labor and infrastructure
• Energy Data: at best, minimal tracking; at worst, nothing
Incentive Opportunity
Issue: Power Demand
Power Plant: Unable to see spike sources. Demand charge divided evenly.
Facility Manager:Unable to see spike and paying average charge
Opportunity:Demand side management + savings from demand stabilization
Incentive Opportunity
Issue: Device Management
Facility Manager: Unable to see energy use sources.
External IT:Not charged for energy use.
Opportunity:Data transparency +Service agreement standards
How can we use network-based energy management to take advantage of these opportunities?
Conclusions & Recommendations
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
UniversityEnergy
Management
21
ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS Facility ManagementMaintenance ManagementIT Network Management
Wireless
IP Telephony
BMS
VAV
FCU
Heat Pump
Chilled Beam
Boilers
Chillers
AHU
Building Mgmt
IP Camera
Lighting Control
General LightingChannel Controllers
DSI/DALI Interface
Occupancy Detectors
VAV
FCU
Heat Pump
Chilled Beam
BMS
Building Mgmt
Lighting Control
General Lighting
DSI/DALI Interface
Occupancy Detectors
Access Control
Access Control
CCTV
DVR
Conclusions & Recommendations
University ofMichigan
Case StudyEnergy
ManagementNetwork-Based
EnergyManagement
UniversityEnergy
Management
22
IV. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CASE STUDY
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
23
Protocol & Software• Cisco EnergyWise
– Communication & Monitoring Protocol– “Lives” on Network Switches
• Cisco Orchestrator– Control Interface – PC Client
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
24
Why EnergyWise?
• Installed Cisco Hardware
• Potential energy savings w/ existing infrastructure
• Case study of university implementation
Juniper Switches; 1.6%
Cisco Switches;
98.4%
EW Compatible53%
Not Compatible47%
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
25
Implementation Methodology1. Survey existing IT energy management
initiatives2. Identify relevant university stakeholders3. Install EnergyWise & Orchestrator4. Gather baseline energy data5. Implement policies6. Analyze Results
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
26
Existing Green IT Initiatives
• Climate Savers– Green computing initiative– Increase awareness
• Big Fix– Central Power & Patch Management (CPPM) suite– Installed on 15,000 out of 50,000 computers
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
27
Deployment ScopeNatural Resources & EnvironmentDana Building
Ross School of Business Executive Residence
•Office of Academic Programs (OAP) - 11 Computers
•Sites Computer Lab & Classroom- 49 Computers
• 214 Devices Total- 153 IP Phones- 47 Wireless Access Points
28
Stakeholder Discovery
Central ITS
Cisco Systems Ross IT
SNRE IT
ITS Sites
ITComm
Dana Dean’s Office
Climate SaversRoss Facilities
SNRE Facilities
Zone Maintenance
Building Automation Services
University CIO Office
Power Plant
What Campus Groups will we need to contact?
Graham Institute
Office of CampusSustainability
Planet Blue
Coordinating Bodies:
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
29
Baseline - Managed
Snow Day
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
30
Baseline - Unmanaged
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
31
Previous Policy New Policy0
20
40
60
80
100
20 20 60
NoSleep
Site B - Unmanaged
Monitor SleepComputer Sleep
Min
utes
Previous Policy New Policy0
20
40
60
80
100
15 1530 30
Site A - Managed
Min
utes
Implement Policies
Previous policy met site needs
Note: Business hours only
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
32
Implementation Challenges
Organizational
• Time consuming• Coordination issues• Piecemeal approach
Technical
• Lack of converged systems prevents management
• Reliability issues
User Impacts
• User experience is an IT manager’s 1st priority
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
33
IV. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CASE STUDY: RESULTS
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
34
Results of Policy Implementation
Average 30% Sleep State
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
35
0-3 3-6 6-9 9-12 12-15 15-18 18-21 21-240
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
Time On and Activity Levels for University Computers
# Computers Ave. Hours Active Ave. Hours Idle/Logged Off
Average Time On(hours/day)
Num
ber o
f Com
pute
rs
Aver
age
time
Activ
e an
d Id
le (h
ours
/day
)
36
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Number of Computers on 21-24 hours/day - Top Departments
Department
Num
ber o
f Com
pute
rs
User Experience is Critical
37
Sites Athletics College of Engineering
Ross School of Business
PlantOps SNRE0.00
4.00
8.00
12.00
16.00
20.00
24.00
Average Time in Energy States for PCs by Department
OffStandbyActiveIdle/Logged Off
Department
Tim
e (h
ours
)
Current Levels of Energy Management Differ
38
0 6 12 18 240.0%
20.0%
40.0%
60.0%
80.0%
100.0%
Engineering
Athletics
PlantOps
Business
SNRE
Sites
Opportunity for Energy Savings by Department(number of department computers below department
name)
Average time in On state (hours)
Aver
age
time
Idle
as %
of ti
me
On
Energy Saving Opportunity is Fragmented
39
How much can U of M save?
• Over one year:– 525,000 kWh saved– $42,000 reduction in energy costs (at $0.08/kWh)
• Assume: – 4000 computers – 30% of day in Sleep state
Consider 50,000 Computers + Heating + Cooling + Ventilation + Lighting + …
Conclusions & Recommendations
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case Study
40
V. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyConclusions &
Recommendations
41
ConclusionsCurrent limitations in energy data measurement are a barrier to effectively incentivizing energy efficiency
The University’s organizational complexity impedes implementation of energy management solutions
A complete energy management solution needs to consider user experience
Central PC energy management can potentially save the University several hundred thousand dollars
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyConclusions &
Recommendations
42
Root Question
What is the potential for network-based technologies to collect, aggregate and communicate building energy data to enable informed, coordinated management by key decision makers?
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyConclusions &
Recommendations
43
Recommended Future WorkAlign energy decisions and costs
– Investigate finance and accounting structure to incentivize future energy management
– Map energy decision making at U of M
Conduct study of factors affecting user experience
Implement a comprehensive Enterprise Energy Management System (EEMS)– Expand scope and granularity of data – Pilot converged building energy management
Energy Management
Network-BasedEnergy
Management
UniversityEnergy
Management
University ofMichigan
Case StudyConclusions &
Recommendations
44
Questions?