Content architecture and website design

WordPress MEETUP

January 4th 2012Ruby’s Inn & Convention Center, Missoula

Rose Lockwoodrose@roselockwood.com

Information/Content Architecture…we’re all librarians now…

Information/Content Architecture:the art and science of organizing and labeling websites, intranets, online communities, and software to support findability and usability(The IA Institute, iainstitute.org)

Hard-core semantics: Web 3.0 – where we’re goingOntology-based applicationsSemantic Web/Linked Open Data

“Crowd” semantics: Web 2.0 – where we are nowTaxonomy-based structureTagged by publishers and readers

The Future: semantically organized content using “knowledge bases”

…also known as ONTOLOGIES

A simple ontologyAn ontology captures semantic information (“meaning”) by defining relationships between concepts.

The words are symbols for the concepts; the symbols can be expressed in any human language.

This is a “triple” – commonly coded in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) language defined for the Semantic Web by W3C

Ontologies are networks of concepts; hierarchy not necessary in the network. Semantic databases are “triple stores”.

végétaleanimaux

estmange

carnivore herbivore

est est

estmange

lion antilope

Löwe antilope

ist

ist

ist

ist

Tier Pflanze

isstisst

Fleischfresser Pflanzenfresser

Why will we use ontologies?Coherent navigationFlexible entry pointsConnections (highlights related information, aids

discovery) Represents any form of information

(un-/semi-/structured)Inferencing (look for one thing, discover a related

thing)Concept matching (as opposed to term matching) Integration of external contentAids disambiguationReasoning (related to machine learning or AI, not

generally expressed in simpler, standard ontologies)

Implementing semantic applications…using the Open Semantic Framework…

SCO Ontology (Semantic Component Ontology)WSF Ontology (Web Service Framework Ontology)AGGR Ontology (Aggregation Ontology)irON Ontology (Instance Record and Object Notation Ontology)domain ontologies, to capture the concepts and relationships for the purposes of a given OSF installation, andUMBEL (optional) or other upper-level concept ontologies, used for linkages to external systems.

http://www.mkbergman.com/wp-content/themes/ai3/images/2011Posts/sco_animation.gif

LODa world of ontologies

Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/

1 billion RDF triples 385 million extracted from the English edition of Wikipedia 665 million extracted from other language editions and links

to external datasets3.64 million “things” (concepts) have labels and abstracts in up

to 97 different languages1.83 million concepts are classified in ontologies (http://

mappings.dbpedia.org/server/ontology/classes) 416,000 persons 526,000 places 106,000 music albums 60,000 films 17,500 video games 169,000 organisations 183,000 species 5,400 diseases.

DBpedia knowledge base (as-of Sept 2011)…becoming the hub of Linked Open Data…

The Present: content organized using tags and taxonomies

Taxonomies are a precursor to ontologies,a way to prepare for the future

Classic taxonomies are hierarchical;“social” taxonomies (“folksonomies”) are unstructured

Taxonomy

FolksonomyA folksonomy is a system of classification based on  collaboratively creating and managing tags to annotate and categorize content.

Also known as collaborative tagging, social classification, social indexing, and social tagging.

Folksonomies (large scale, like Flickr) produce consensus around shared vocabularies, even in the absence of a central controlled vocabulary.

WordPress taxonomiesCategoryThe 'category' taxonomy lets you group posts together by sorting them into various categories.

TagThe 'post_tag' taxonomy is similar to categories, but more freeform. Impromptu classification, generally displayed near posts or in the form of tag clouds.

WordPress version 3 allows fully hierarchical custom taxonomies.

Posting/Displaying Taxonomy Classifications in WordPress

How I use classification in “content-based marketing”

LT Compass: A European project about innovationusing language technology

InstantOn-demand Translation

(“pull”)

Professional Translation/Localisation

(“push”)

trend…Consumer/End-User

Perspective

Unified Communications & Interface

Unified Access to Information

& Services

auto-translation

SpeechProcessing

Applications

ContentProcessing

Applications

MultilingualSupport

Unified Multimodal

Multiplatform Delivery

Unified Publishing &

Service Content

localisation

trend…SME/Enterprise

Perspective

trend…Multilingual Support

My subject: Language Technology Innovation

Language Processing ToolsCategorisers, Clustering Engines, Language Aligners, Language Analysers, Language Data, NLU/Question Answering Engines,

Semantic Technologies, Speech Processors, Terminology Extractors

Language Technology Methods & Componentsalgorithms, co-reference resolution, clustering, discourse analysis,

Hidden Markov Models, meta-data tagging, morphology segmentation, named-entity recognition, parsing, part-of-speech tagging, query

expansion, relationship extraction, signal processing, speech segmentation, stemming, taxonomies/ontologies, topic

segmentation /recognition, truecasing, word segmentation, word sense disambiguation, etc.

LT-ENABLED CONSUMER, SME & ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS

Speech InteractionSpeech Input

Speech OutputVirtual Agents

RobotsID/Verification

Multilingual Support

Translator ToolsTranslation Memory

Advanced Leveraging Machine Translation

Content Processing

Text InputContent Creation

Search & NavigationText Mining & AnalyticsRich Media & Speech

Analytics

Language Technology Applications

Defining & classifying Language Technology

“LT Market News” a component of the project portallinks to my content curation site

News aggregation & curation using Hivefire’s Curata

The Curata dashboard

demo…