construction futures wales - boost your green performance 2016
TRANSCRIPT
Construction Futures WalesIan Widdrington and Rob Beattie
24th and 26th May 2016
Boost Your ‘Green’ PerformanceAn Introduction to the Environmental and Sustainability
issues facing the Construction Industry
Agenda
• What Construction Futures Wales Can Offer
• Construction - Effects on the Environment
• Good and Bad Site Practices
– Airtightness
• Environmental Management Systems
– ISO14000
– Green Dragon
• Physical and Non Physical Waste/SWMP
• Carbon Management
• Partnership between Welsh Government & CITB Wales
• Joint Investment Strategy £3m gross over 3 years….to
support economic ‘growth’
• Revenue only programme funding specialist
consultancy support
CFW
How can we help you?
• Company Health Check, Full Business Diagnostic, Benchmarking & Strategy Planning
• Events, networks, news and reviews
• Fully Accredited Leadership & Management Courses (Cardiff Met / CIM)
• Expert Consultancy, Supply Chain Development, Collaborative Working, Understanding Costs, Sourcing, Quality Standards, LEAN, (etc)
How do I access this?
www.constructionfutureswales.co.uk
www.dyfodoladeiladucymru.co.uk
Click ‘Apply Now’ to start the process
Twitter: @CFW_Wales
Press The ‘Apply Now’ Button!
• CFW seeks to support ‘growth’ companies
• 10 employees
• T/O exceeding £500k
• Potential for growth & development
Boost Your ‘Green’ PerformanceAn Introduction to the Environmental and Sustainability
issues facing the Construction Industry
Policy Landscape - Wales
• ‘Towards Zero Waste’ = Waste Strategy for Wales– Consultation now closed – working groups developing sector
strategies
– Milestones:
» 2025 – 75% diversion of waste away from landfill (across all sectors)
» 2050 – zero waste to landfill
– Replaces ‘Wise about waste’ – 2002
– Supports the ‘One Wales: One Planet’ agenda – based upon ecological footprinting
Construction Effects on the Environment
The Environment On Site
Phrases that you hear talked about...
• Climate change
• Global Warming
• Resource Depletion
• Loss of habitat
These are factors that are important for the way we all live and
for the future...
• Climate change
More extremes of weather – floods, drought, cold winters and so on
• Global Warming
Gradual increase in the average world temperature. Affects
agriculture and population location.
• Resource Depletion
Running out of resources – oil is one example
• Loss of habitat
Deforestation being a prime example. This means we lose the
species that live there and the stabilising effect that forests have on
the planet.
Environmental Issues
CO2 Last 1000 years
But what about before that?
What Is the UK Government Doing?
Older
• KYOTO: the UK was committed to achieving a 12.5%
reduction in its emissions of greenhouse gases by 2012.
• UK and Wales have signed up to the 2020 EU target of
20% of energy requirements (electricity, heating and
vehicle fuels) coming from renewable sources. However, it
was recently stated that the UK’s contribution to this
overall 20% EU target was most likely to be in the region
of 10 to 15%
Recent
• Climate Change Act 2008 (Updated 2015)
– 80% reduction in CO2 by 2050!
What is WG doing?
• Technical Advice Note (TAN) 8: Planning for Renewable Energy sets renewable electricity targets for Wales of 7TWhr by 2020
• The Microgeneration Action Plan for Wales targets: – 100,000 micro heating systems installed by 2020 – 200,000 micro electricity systems installed by 2020 – 50 combined heat and power and/or district heating systems in place
by 2020
• Solar Farms
• Tidal Lagoons
Resource Efficiency
Resource Efficiency
Energy Materials Water
Materials ‘In’ Materials ‘Out’
Maximise the reuse of reclaimed materials
Efficient demolition
More recycled materials
Waste reduction
Design
Procurement
Logistics
Site Management
Materials recovery
Site segregation
Efficient MRF
How does Construction affect the Environment?
In many ways for example:
• Energy to produce building materials (embedded CO2 )
• Buildings during their lives use significant energy
• The resources required to build
• By taking up land
• Creating noise and pollution
• Construction creates significant waste
Why should we care?
• Because this is everyone's problem
• Because in future failures on site will be
costly for contractors (penalty clauses,
Government funding)
• Because otherwise on-site working and skill
may be displaced
House of Commons Environmental
Audit Committee
“We recommend that the Government introduces much higher penalties for developers who fail to meet energy efficiency regulations in practice, and provides financial incentives for developers based on the number of properties that pass a post completion site inspection.”
Twelfth Report of Session
Why Does Site Work Matter?
Also in many ways:
•The building is designed to work in a
certain way – the design must be
translated into reality
•Materials use on site; minimisation of waste
There Are Many Factors When Producing Low Impact Buildings
Many Are DESIGN issues!
And you may not have much of an impact on
DESIGN issues
But
ON SITE and AS BUILT issues are vital to
translate good design into a finished building!
What is the issue?
Self Interest
• Companies that are forward thinking about the
environment will tend to prosper
• Companies that don’t will tend to get less work and
may well be financially penalised
• YOUR Jobs WILL depend on it.
Current UK Energy standards
Comparison of Energy Performance Standards
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300D
welling S
tock
OD
PM
AD
L1-
2002
AD
L1-2
002
OD
PM
AD
L1-
2006
AD
L1-2
006
ES
T "
Good"
ES
T "
Best"
AE
CB
Silv
er
ES
T
"Advanced"
AE
CB
Gold
Passiv
Haus
kW
h/m
2yr,
deliv
ere
d e
nerg
y appliances
cooking
lighting
fans/pumps
w ater heating
space heating
‘real world’ Part L 2006
PassivHaus
‘current stock average’
Which factors do we specificallyneed to be aware of?
There are several ways that site
work will be increasingly affected by
environmental issues:
• Airtightness
• Waste
• Build as Designed
• Awareness
Airtightness
• Air change is needed for ventilation, but excess air leaking into or out of the building must also be either heated or conditioned
• It has been found that in most cases it is a lack of awareness of why airtightness is needed that results in poor site practice.
Infiltration vs. Ventilation
“Build Tight – Ventilate Right”
• A dwelling cannot be too airtight
• But it can be under ventilated
Requirements
• Air permeability 5m3/m2h at test pressure 50Pa (Current Part L Wales)
• This will only get more stringent as time moves on. The previous AD Part L was double this at 10m3
What level of Airtightnessshould you achieve?
• Sweden – 3
• Germany 1.8 – 3.8
• Super E (Canada) – 2.0
• Passivhaus – 1.0
(in 1981!)
• A.D. Part L Wales – 5m3/m2hr @ 50Pa
• EST Enhanced Construction Details – 3
Benefits of Airtightness
• Heated/cooled air will be retained in the building
• Little or no cold air (draughts) being drawn in from outside
• Reduced CO2 emissions
• Reduced cost of fuel bills
• Energy efficient building
• Improving the average air permeability by 3m3/hr/m2 @ 50 Pa would typically save 90 kg of CO2 per year.
• However, if you apply this average saving across the estimated 134,000 new-builds erected in the UK over 12,000 tonnes of CO2 would be saved per annum.
Funding/Payment
• At the moment some funding depends on achieving levels
• If what was built is inadequate then expensive remedial works might well be required.
• If the building isn’t brought up to spec then it might not be saleable or mortgage, grants or awards may not be made.
• Requirement to declare the air permeability figure you have used for the calculation process
• Requirement demonstrate that the building’s air permeability is less or equal to the figure used
• If air permeability exceeds the target performance figure there is a requirement to compensate by increasing energy efficiency in other areas…
• Or carry out expensive remedial sealing work
• Air permeability seen as surrogate for build quality
In the past only the DESIGN was considered…AS BUILT is now checked!
Funding/Payment
Possible Air Leakage Paths
Airtight Membrane
Bad Details
Bad Details
Bad Details
Bad Details
Bad Details
Better Details
Windows
1.4 Part L
Junctions
Junctions
Seal Junctions/Joints
Waste - Physical and Non-Physical
Waste
Estimated total annual waste arisings by sector : 2004
29%
5%
9%
12%
13%
<1%
<1%
32%
Agriculture (inc.Fishing)
Mining and Quarrying
Sewage sludge
Dredged materials
Household
Commercial
Industrial
Construction and Demolition
Total = 335 million tonnes
Basic Waste Issues
• 420 million tonnes of resources used per year
• ~ 100 million tonnes of waste produced per year
• 10% materials wastage rates
• 26% of waste can be packaging
• Void space of 40% in skips
• More than £32 per tonne!
What is Physical Waste?Anything that ends up in a skip!
Cost of Waste- Your Thoughts?
8 cubic yard skip:Skip hire £Labour to fill skip £Cost of materials put in skip £
TOTAL TRUE COST £
BUT ALSO:
Environmental Codes REQUIRE waste management
Good Waste
Management?
Site Waste Management Plans
• Before the start of the project:
– Describe each waste type that will produced throughout the project
– Estimate the amount of each waste type
– ID waste action for each waste type including: reuse, recycling, recovery and disposal
• Recording of:
– Types and quantities of waste produced
– That have been reused, recycled, landfilled
• Afterwards:
– Comparison of estimated quantities for each waste type against actual quantities
– Estimate of cost savings
Waste Do’s and Dont’s
• DO:
• Store materials neatly and protected to avoid damage
• Keep materials in their packaging for as long as possible to avoid damage
• Try to reduce the amount of waste you create on site
• Keep off-cuts for use elsewhere
• Reuse materials until no longer fit for purpose, e.g. shuttering, fencing
• Segregate waste into different types
• Store waste in correct skip/zone
• DON’T:
• Don’t put waste materials into the
wrong container
• Don’t open new packages or pallets
until the current ones in use are
empty
• Don’t leave materials unprotected
or where they are likely to be
damaged by, e.g.
• Rain
• Mud
• Moving vehicles
• Don’t burn or bury waste – it’s
illegal!
• Don’t mix different types of waste –
it prevents recycling
Non-Physical Waste
• Waiting for things
• Moving things
• Searching for things
• Checking work
• Going to buy things already in the van
• + More
Embodied Impacts
• All materials have an embodied CO2 impact which is
the costs associated with the production and use of
the material.
• These impacts are not widely measured YET.
• Lowering waste is a good way to reduce the
embodied impact.
• Look at design too
Build As Specified
Past models have been based on the DESIGN stage only. Post construction assessment tended to be for reference purposes only. New assessment methods actually check that was has been built is what was designed and certificates are awarded on what was BUILT! This places much more emphasis on the on site activities
Design stage is the promise……
The post construction phase is the delivery
• Evidence is now required that what was
designed was built. Evidence required will
include receipts.
• It is not acceptable to swap materials –
timber for example or fittings like taps. These can form part of the Environmental Standard!
Build As Specified
Awareness
In addition to the specific issues
described there are a number of
other factors which fall into the
category of awareness of Environmental Issues
Things to be aware of
• What the design is trying to achieve? Is insulation correct? Is the cavity clear?
• Where is the airtightness barrier: Don’t perforate it!
• Why and How materials being used: Store correctly, don’t substitute, reuse, recycle
• How is my work interacting with others: Will I degrade what they have done
• Can I minimise waste in my work
• Is water from my process running off the site. Is it being contaminated?
• Is what I’m doing affect the Considerate Contractors scheme credits?
• Am I working within the Contractors requirement to monitor waste, energy, transportation and so on.
How do we build buildings
• Can traditional methods be used to produce good
environmentally sound building?
• If they can’t we will probably move to a more
“factory” off site methodology – On site jobs will change or go totally!
Volumetric
3D units produced in a factory fully fitted out
Constructed from a variety of materials (steel, timber,
concrete…)
Most suitable for flats bathroom/kitchen pods possible
Panellised
• Factory produced flat panel units which are
transported to site for assembly.
• A wide variety of materials including timber, steel, concrete and composite panels
Hybrid
• Also known as Semi – Volumetric
• Combines volumetric and panellised approaches within the
same building
– Example Bathrooms and kitchen built as pods
– Remainder of dwelling built as panels
Modern Components & Sub-Assemblies
• Pre-fabricated Foundations, ground beams and other components assembled to form foundations quickly and accurately.
• Roof Cassettes. Designed to leave loft with more space
• Light Weight Cladding Systems link well with OSM systems due to their low structural loadings and speed of installation.
• Brick slips, rain screen
On-site Manufacture
• Thin Joint Block. Thinner, faster setting mortar
• Aircrete Planks. Lightweight, insulating concrete
• Insulated formwork. Insulation poured with concrete
You Are Important!
• You do the day-to-day work
• You are most likely to see opportunities to reduce waste
• Identify and report failings in the design – detailing for example
• Identify and report where the as built is not as designed
“Designers seldom get feedback and only notice problems when asked to investigate a failure.”
A BLYTH, Crisp Commission
Old v Good Refurbishment
Old v Good Refurbishment Thermal
But ALSO the difference between good and
bad constructed!
Green Certifications:A Competitive Edge?
BSI Conference
EMS
Understand what you want to achieve
Discover the best way for you to operate
Document your processes.
Deploy proceduresCommunicate
Involve
“This is the way we do things here”
Demonstrate your capability at Audit
The Basics
Say what you do
Do what you say
Prove it
Improve it
JP Dunn Construction
Steps To Certification
Organisation
Senior Commitment
Communicate the Plan
Establish a EMS ‘Team’
Train Key Staff
Begin internal auditing
Think about certification/accreditation
Preparation
Document existing processes
–Quality, Environmental and Health and Safety procedures
–Standard Operating Procedures (SOP’s)
–Method Statements
Identify Improvement Opportunities
Adapt SOP/Method Statements
Prepare EMS Manual
If External Accreditation
• Agree on Audit body
• Submit Systems Manual
• Arrange a pre-assessment
• Respond to recommendations
• Conduct a ‘dress rehearsal’
• Submit revised Systems Manual
• Align policies and procedures
Audit
• Conduct the audit
• Respond to findings
• Submit Corrective Actions
• Award of Certification
• Communicate & Celebrate– Internally
– Market the qualification
For Next Audit
• Maintain Status
• Review
• Improve
• Use Internal Champions
• Communicate
Green Standards –A Competitive Edge?
Generally Recognised:
ISO 14001 (2015)
Green Dragon in Wales (Audited by GoundWorks)5 stage process: • Level 1 - Commitment to Environmental Management• Level 2 - Understanding Environmental Responsibilities• Level 3 - Managing Environmental Impacts• Level 4 - Environmental Management Programme• Level 5 - Continual Environmental Improvement
MCS?
A thought: If your preferred route is ISO Consider ISOTriple Standard at the same time to minimise cost (£/time) of audit
Renewables: MCS Certification
• Recognised ‘Standard’ by most RSLs, LA, etc.• Needed if you are a ‘serious’ installer• Route follows ISO 9000 process approach• Needs an install of “product” for audit• Feed-in Tariffs still mean good business
• Paybacks 7-8 years• 10% ROI typical (Pension Funds)
•Biomass, Ground/Air Source/Turbine
Carbon Management
Carbon Management
• Businesses are under pressure to reduce their carbon footprint and many have made public commitments to doing so. Carbon management services play a strategic role in helping businesses to achieve their carbon reduction targets, which now form part of many organisations’ reports to shareholders and other stakeholders.
• Research by the Carbon Trust has shown that 70% of people want businesses to disclose their carbon emissions. 56% of people are now more concerned about the actions businesses are taking to reduce their impact on the environment than they were five years ago.
Carbon Management – Why?
• Legislative Drivers
• Understand your Companys Environmental Impacts
• Cost Saving
• Reputational Benefit
• Improved Staff Satisfaction
• Improved Engagement with Stakeholders
What To Measure and Understand……
Carbon Management
ENERGY
ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (KWH)
ELECTRICITY COST
GAS CONSUMPTION (KWH)
GAS COST
OIL CONSUMPTION (KWH)
OIL COST
OTHER CONSUMPTION (KWH)
OTHER COST
OUTPUT UNITS
(E.G. STAFF NUMBER, UNITS OF PRODUCTION)
ENERGY IMPROVEMENT MEASURES PUT IN PLACE
Carbon Management
WATER
WATER CONSUMPTION (M3)
WATER COST
OUTPUT UNITS
(E.G. STAFF NUMBER, UNITS OF PRODUCTION)
WATER SAVING MEASURES PUT IN PLACE
Carbon Management
WASTE
NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE LAND FILLED (TONNES)
COST
HAZARDOUS WASTE LAND FILLED (TONNES)
COST
OUTPUT UNITS
(E.G. STAFF NUMBER, UNITS OF PRODUCTION)
WASTE MINIMISATION MEASURES PUT IN PLACE(INCLUDE REDUCTIONS WHERE POSSIBLE)
RECYCLING OPPORTUNITIES IMPLEMENTED(MATERIALS AND QUANTITIES)
Carbon Management
TRANSPORT
MILES TRAVELLED
FUEL CONSUMED (LITRES) PETROL:DIESEL:
LPG:
OUTPUT UNITS
(E.G. STAFF NUMBER, UNITS OF PRODUCTION)
TRANSPORT INITIATIVES UNDERTAKEN
Carbon Management
OTHERPREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED LEGAL NON-COMPLIANCES NOWRECTIFIED
TRAINING
POLLUTION RISKS IMPROVED OR IDENTIFIED
NEW BUSINESS SECURED OR PROTECTED THROUGH GREENDRAGON AND/OR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENTS
ANY OTHER QUALITATIVE OR QUANTITATIVE IMPROVEMENTSOVER THE PREVIOUS 12 MONTHS AS A RESULT OF ADVICE,TRAINING OR GRANT AID ETC?
IMPROVEMENTS DIRECTLY RELATED TO IMPROVEMENT PLANOR OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS WHERE NOT STATED ABOVE.
GRANTS ACCESSED AND VALUE
USE OF OTHER PROGRAMMES (E.G. CARBON TRUST, WASTEADVICE, ENVIROWISE)
Summary
• Environmental impacts affect our companies and individually
• Improving our Green credentials will help the planet
• Improving our Green credentials will save us money as contractors and home owners
• New materials and methods may be worth considering!
• Preparation for certification can be an ‘eye opener’
• CFW can help with that preparatory work
Before We Start: Some Acronyms!• EMS - Environmental Management System • BREEAM - BRE Environmental Assessment Tool• ODPM - Office Of the Deputy Prime Minister - B Regs• EST - Energy Saving Trust• AECB - Association for Environmentally Conscious Building• ECON 19 - Carbon Trust Energy Consumption Guide 19• Passivhaus - European developed standard