connected mine ecosystem · high efficiency 4x capacity iot scale • cellular like determinism for...

Hosts: Roland Plett (Cisco) & Neal Pinto (Westburne)Guests: Ian Procyk (Cisco) & Grenn Holden (3D-P)April 7 & 9, 2020

Week 1 – Outdoor Industrial WirelessConnected Mine Ecosystem

© 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Welcome!


The Series…

Week 1The Connected Mine Site Outdoor Industrial WirelessPresenters: Ian Procyk (Cisco), Grenn Holden (3D-P)Tuesday, April 7th – 12:00PM EDT (9:00AM PDT)Thursday, April 9th – 4:00PM EDT (1:00PM PDT)

Week 2The Connected Mine SiteMine Network OperationPresenters: Ian Procyk (Cisco), Indy Kar (FTP Solutions)Tuesday, April 14th – 12:00PM EDT (9:00AM PDT)Thursday, April 16th – 4:00PM EDT (1:00PM PDT)


The Series…

Week 3The Connected Plant for the Mining IndustryIndustrial NetworkingPresenters: Jeff Brown (Westburne), Kevin Turek (Cisco)Tuesday April 21st – 12:00PM EDT (9:00AM PDT)Thursday, April 23rd – 4:00PM EDT (1:00PM PDT)

Week 4The Connected Plant for the Mining IndustryIndustrial SecurityPresenters: Jeff Brown (Westburne), Mike Wooten (Cisco)Tuesday April 28th – 12:00PM EDT (9:00AM PDT)Thursday, April 30th – 4:00PM EDT (1:00PM PDT)


Housekeeping…WebEx Function Overview

Questions & Answers

WebEx Teams Room

© 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Outdoor WirelessLessons & Stories

Ian ProcykWireless Guy


Agenda

April 7th & 9th

• Lessons learned from AHS deployments on 802.11

• Wi-Fi 6

• What’s happing around (6E)

April 14th & 16th

• Other tech: LTE / LoRA / Location

• 802.11 Optimizing & Troubleshooting Tips


Wireless LAN

Controller

Prime / DNA Center

Location Services

CAPWAPtunnels

802.11acAccess Points

Core Infrastructure

Clients

Typical Deployment Architecture


If the network is down, so is production

Lessons Learned From 802.11 AHS Deployments


• Redundancy at every layer needs to be considered

• Endpoint -> DLF / PRP

• Access Point -> Redundant coverage from more than one angle

• Backhaul -> RF links, fiber rings, routed designs with tight timers

• Distribution / Core / Controller / Firewall -> HSRP, VSS, HA…



Learn from your issues: build a “flight data recorder”Root cause outages / vehicle stops

1. WLC Syslog, WLC SNMP traps, streaming telemetry

2. Vehicle position relative to AP(s)

3. MESH and or backhaul radio RSSI, SNR vs time

4. Switch interface monitoring: looking for port errors

5. Fiber optic links – monitor link budget

6. 802.11 channel utilization

7. Over the air packet capture facility



Consider Mapping Your Physical Network


Setup a “test” truck

• Test new radio firmware

• Drive testing / validation

• Test tools



• Your mine has fulltime support for most every trade – how about IT?

• Field installation best practices

• Antennas – do’s / don’ts

• Enforcement / location of rogues• Troubleshooting at “CCNA” level



Understand antenna patterns and limitations• To the right is the elevation polar pattern for

the ANT2547VG, which is the default, gray dual-band antenna included with a 1532e.

• Notice the 25-35dB null that occurs at a 14 degree incline. These nulls play havoc if you are counting on this antenna to link to a mountain top or “bench” repeater site located above the radio.

•

AIR-ANT2547VG-N


Understanding Antenna Patterns• In typical pit scenarios the challenge is

getting a signal down into the pit. This is often accomplished by placing APs on poles/towers/trailers up high around the pit edge with patch or sector style antennas facing down into the pit.

• While this method results in good TX coverage down into the pit from the AP – the challenge is that clients with moderate gain Omni antennas aren’t getting their signals back to the AP due to the elevation issues and the null that’s typically present in most higher gain Omni antennas.

AP on Ridge

Client


AP atop pit wall

-65dBm @ 750+m


• Flat Layer 2 networks:• Easy to understand• Don’t scale well - manual intervention for link unblocking etc.• Problems aren’t “containable”• Inherently challenging due to spanning tree induced outages

• Routed network designs:• More skill required to setup / troubleshoot• Resolves issues around containment of problems, manual intervention for redundancy• Requires re-thinking static IPs

Software Defined Access (decoupling policy from IP) will likely become more widely accepted as we try to address the challenges above while increasing

security / segmentation.

Opportunities For Improvement 1/2:


• Unreliable reception of Broadcast / Multicast traffic:• Encapsulation in a tunnel (VXLAN for example)• Conversion to unicast by 3rd party software • 8.10MR2 -CSCvs36078- Reliable WGB downstream multicast and broadcast for multiple VLANs

Opportunities For Improvement 2/2:


What is Wi-Fi 6 (or 11ax)?

19992003

2004

2009

2013

2019

11B11G

11A/G

11N

11AC

11AX

High Efficiency4x CapacityIoT Scale• Cellular like Determinism

for high quality services• Higher power efficiency to

accelerate IoT adoption• Extended outdoor range• Better app. performance

in high density deployments

• 802.11ax and Wi-Fi 6 are interchangeable engineering and marketing terms that have the same meaning

• Wi-Fi Alliance certification status: Most AP’s will be Wi-Fi 6 certified by end 2019

• NOTE: All Combinations of controllers/APs expected to be fully certified by MID 2020

Wi-Fi 1Wi-Fi 2

Wi-Fi 3

Wi-Fi 4

Wi-Fi 5

Wi-Fi 6

Note: WPA3 security is part of the Wi-Fi 6 certification after that is complete, we plan to submit for WPA-3 for Wi-Fi 5 certification


Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) vs. IMT-2020

“Evidently, the divergences between 3GPP and IEEE 802.11 MAC designs are set to diminish with the introduction of 802.11ax”


May 2013: The High Efficiency Wi-Fi Study Group Forms May 2014: TGax kicks off

http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/tgax_update.htm

http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/tgax_update.htm


Regulatory Trends Update


Feedback to ISED promoting alignment with FCC

Cisco commends ISED for taking this critical step towards releasing new spectrum. As Cisco has long advised, the demands on radio spectrum in the digital age are unprecedented.

A confluence of four factors – faster network speeds (wired and wireless), proliferation of devices and device types, device capability, and the rising tide of video as the preferred application of consumers and business – has created a strong need for regulators to proactively tee up new spectrum bands for allocation, and, if applicable, assignment.


5GHz Landscape Today

5170MHz

* Roadmap Item


WiFi 6E 1200MHz of Spectrum

1SSData Rate

20MHz @ 1600ns GI 40MHz @ 1600ns GI

MCS 0 472 Mbps 944 Mbps



Channel capacity with no reuse


News: Intent to Acquire Fluid MESH

https://newsroom.cisco.com/press-release-content?type=webcontent&articleId=2066015

https://im-mining.com/2020/04/06/cisco-set-acquire-mining-automation-iot-wireless-networks-major-fluidmesh/

https://newsroom.cisco.com/press-release-content%3Ftype=webcontent&articleId=2066015

https://im-mining.com/2020/04/06/cisco-set-acquire-mining-automation-iot-wireless-networks-major-fluidmesh/


Intermission…Questions & Answers

Prizes!


Heavy Vehicle Endpoints &Outdoor Wireless Deployment

Grenn HoldenTechnology Solution Advisor


HISTORY

WIRELESS NETWORK

DATA ACCESS

PARTNER APPLICATION

EXPERTISE


Heavy Equipment Endpoint - Rugged



Integrated Datalogger: Open Architecture



Maintenance Use Case – Fuel Injector Failure


Issue & Risk

ResolutionResults

• High Exhaust Gas Temp (EGT) alarm received• Investigation task initiated (large difference between

right and left EGT).Truck put into “real-time” mode to watch EGT in real-time.

• Potential for catastrophic engine damage

• No indication available to truck operator• Truck downed and broken injector spring found and

injector repaired• Injector repaired without

significant secondary damage• Downtime minimized.• Estimate savings of $400,000 USD

L & R EGT Differential


Operations Use Case – Body Up Alarm


Issue & Risk

ResolutionResults

• Operators driving with dump body in up position• Historical analysis led to a one to one correlation

found between high body-up alarm incidents and frame cracks in 3 trucks in a 3 week period

• User-defined alarm created for driving with body up at over 3mph

• Reports provided to operations and training revised to address the issue

• Immediate reduction in alarms reported

• Reduced stress on frame, bearings, lift cylinders.


Solution Foundation (Technology & Work Process + People)


• Sensor, alarm & other• Robust & reliable• Quality data/sensors• All the data all the time• Compressed & optimized• Buffered• Secure

2MB – 2GB / Asset / Day

Intelligent Data Collection

• Data in context - asset model• Data cleansing & pre-processing• OEM alarm handling• User defined calculations • User defined fault models/rules

~10K readings / second on large implementations

Streaming Analytics Surveillance Workflow & Action

T1 T2 T3

• Trends and Reports• Visual Analytics• Incident Investigations• Second / millisecond Resolution• Data propagation to cloud historian / data lake

Historization & Reporting

Overviews Notifications

Detect• Fleet Overview• Alarm / Event Notifications

Decide• Event Investigation• Recommendations• Collaboration

Act• Close-out• Documentation of ‘Saves’

Investigations

Sensor Data& Events


The Wireless Network

The Three Legs of Stable Network Design• Understand the challenges of the domain;• Understand the applications;• Then, design the integrated solution.


Congestion Source #1: Interference

What is interference?• However, fire up a jackhammer outside, and the

conversation is over.• You can try to scream over the noise, but some of the conversation may still be lost, and your

screaming simply increases the interference elsewhere.

• You can reduce the noise floor by moving away from the source• Buildings, terrain, trees, and other items can help attenuate the interference• Reflecting, or focusing the noise in a different direction can also greatly reduce the

interferenceA one on one conversation can be easily understood by both parties


Putting it Together: Small Contention Domains


Backhaul Basics


• Laser Beam vs Light Bulb

• Spectrum Management

• Adaptable for the dynamic nature of the mine

• QoS – Quality of Service


Why ‘Adaptable’ is important!



Importance of Communication



Site Selection



Thank you!!Questions & Answers

Prizes

Thank you!

connected mine ecosystem · high efficiency 4x capacity iot scale • cellular like determinism for...

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