confidential coe, scientific advisory board meeting, 9th september, heikki seppä applied quantum...

CoE, Scientific Advisory Board Meeting, 9th September, Heikki Seppä

CONFIDENTIAL

Applied Quantum ElectronicsApplied Quantum ElectronicsHeikki Seppä and Panu Helistö

Technical Research Centre of Finland, Sensors/Quantronics

TEA (ThermoElectric Avalance)


CONFIDENTIAL

BasicResearch

Future Needs andCustomers

AppliedResearch

Development Needs andCustomers

EnterprisesUniveristiesResearch Centres

Innovations

Proactive Innovations

Motivation - Proactive Inventions and InnovationsMotivation - Proactive Inventions and Innovations

Facts Real needs Future real needsVisions and imagination

Virtual needs


CONFIDENTIAL

Research Examples (2006)

• Towards quantum computer

• Teraherts imaging

• Invisible printable electric codes, carbon nanotubes

• Thermoelectric avalance in metalic nano arrays

Recent projects and submitted project applications

Patent applications (2006)

Other results

Future plans

Contents


CONFIDENTIAL

Towards quantum computing with superconducting solid state qubits

• Main problem: decoherence due to thermal noise and fluctuators in junctions and their neighborhood

• RSFQubit results 2006

• high quality JJ junctions => reduced JJ noise

• e-ph coupling 'cooling fins' to achieve record low base temperature of shunt resistors

• RC shunts to isolate qubit from RSFQ dissipations

• Decoherence times ~5 us achieved

Maria Gabriella Castellano, Leif Grönberg, Pasquale Carelli, Fabio Chiarello, Carlo Cosmelli, Roberto Leoni, Stefano Poletto, Guido Torrioli, Juha Hassel, Panu Helistö, Superconducting Science and Technology 19, 860864 (2006).

J. Hassel, H. Seppä, P. Helistö, J. Kunert, L. Fritzsch and H.G. Meyer, Appl. Phys. Lett., accepted (2006)


CONFIDENTIAL

Passive imaging with superconducting bolometers

NIST - VTT collaboration

• 1-pixel Nb bolometer 0.1 - 1 THz

• RT readout

• Linear scanning

• (2005)

Background (reflected by concealed objects) at room temperature

Skin at body temperature


CONFIDENTIAL

NbN bolometer arrays fabricated at VTT

• NbN - higher normal state resistance=> lower thermal conductance than Nb (lower noise), easier matching to antenna

• Tc can be tailored to optimize performance 0 - 13 K

• 8-pixel subarrays developed => goal 128-pixel linear array

3 mm

10 mAl

Si

NbN

6 8 10 12 14 160

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Re

sist

anc

e [

]

Lakeshore temperature [K]

Transition during natural warmup

P. Helistö, A. Luukanen, L. Grönberg, J.S. Penttilä, H. Seppä, H. Sipola, C.R. Dietlein and E.N. Grossman, Antenna-coupled microbolometers for passive THz direct detection imaging arrays, 36th European Microwave Conference 2006, Manchester 1015 September 2006 .


CONFIDENTIAL

The VTT room-temperature readout

• A novel readout method developed by VTT utilizes ETF

• Simple low noise JFET amplifier reads out the voltage across the bolometer

• With feedback through Zfb, voltage across bolometer is set to V

• At high frequencies, Zx maintains stability

• Bias point set at the bottom of the IV curve large Rd allows for easy noise matching

• H Seppä and P Helistö, pat. pend. Zd

-+

A()vout

Zx

V

V'

Zfb

4 K 300 K

(a)


CONFIDENTIAL

Electrical noise of a NbN microbolometer + RT readout

• First run of NbN test detectors

• Smooth IV curve - good quality bolometer wire

• Electrical NEP ~ 9 fW/sqHz (lowest measured at 4 K)

100 1000 10000 100000

1

10

i n(pA

/rtH

z)

f(Hz)

10

100

Pn(f

W/r

tHz)

(b)

NE

P (

fW/r

tHz)

V [mV]

2 4 6 8 10

J.S. Penttilä, A. Luukanen, L. Grönberg, P. Helistö, H. Sipola, and H. Seppä, Seventh International Workshop on Low Temperature Electronics, WOLTE 7, WPP264, 2123 June 2006, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 203207 (2006).


CONFIDENTIAL

Printable nanotube based invisible electric code

• Utilizes proberties of single walled proberties nanotubes• Near completely invisible• Sufficient condactivity to electric detection (100 MHz) • Applications:

• Invisible electric codes• Printable active components

210306NC2

24 nm

103,4 k Ω/□

32,7 k Ω/□

210306NC

35 nm

18,1 k Ω/□ 3,79 kΩ/□

020306Ag

500 nm

4,93 Ω/□695 Ω/□

230306NC

2,93 μm

630 Ω/□

354 Ω/□

Sheet resistance at 10 kHz

103 104 105 106 107 108103

104

105

106

VEXC

= 100 mV

immediately after ethanol droplet before ethanol droplet 30 min aftr ethanol droplet parasitic capacitance

Impe

danc

e (O

hm)

f (Hz)

0,9 pF parasitic capacitanse

24 nm Thick SWCNT Mat


CONFIDENTIAL

Nanoparticle TEM visualization

thin polymer shell

~ 5 Å

time


CONFIDENTIAL

SEM before electrical sintering

SEM after electrical sintering

Electric Sintering

Condactivity via tunneling (inelastic or elastic cotunneling ?), strong temperature dependence

Room temperature sintering process

Metallic coductivity


CONFIDENTIAL

Thermoelectric Avalance

100 m

100 m

self-organized creation ofsintered or melted metallic wire - uniform width, - large aspect ratio

not sintered nanoparticle array

melted wire

SEM

AFM

Click Video


CONFIDENTIAL

ProjectsQuantronix (Panu Helistö)

• Submm Scanner, Tekes, Companies, (NIST), 2005 - 2007• Printag, Tekes/FinNano, Companies, 2005 - 2007 • RSFQubit, EU FP6, 2005 - 2007• Low-temperature Spectrometer Array, ESA GSTP G204-06M (SRON, 2007-2008)• Superconducting Read Out for Microcalorimeters, ESA TRP SCI-X10.a (SRON, 2007-2008)• Quantum Metrology Rriangle, Technology Industries of Finland, (MIKES, TKK, 2007-2010).• TeraEye, EU FP6, THz imaging based on quantum dot detectors, in negotiation, 2007 - 2009• ITI, Thermoplexer, submitted (ESA)

Printable Sensors (Ari Alastalo)• Printable Electronics …, VTT, 2005 - • Printed RFID Sensor Solutions, Nordite/Tekes, 2006 - 2007• Printable Functional Nano Structures, submitted to Teknologiateollisuuden säätiölle, 2007 - 2009• Metallic and semiconducting nanoparticles for printable electronics, planning phase, EU-7

Biosensors (Kirsti Tappura)• Biosystems, VTT, 2005 -• MEMS Based Later Bulk Acoustic Waves for Biosensors, Tekes, Companies, (2005 -• MEMS based Biosensors, planning phase, EU7, 2007 -2010 • Terahertz Biospectrometer, planning phase, EU7, 2007 - 2010


CONFIDENTIAL

Recent Patent Applications

Directly linked to CeO

• Bolometer Amplifier based on the Thermoelectric Feedback, 2006

• Multiplexing Scheme based on Thermoelectric Power Amplification and SIN-Junctions, 2006

• Invisible Ink for Electric Coding based on Carbon Nanotubes, 2006

• Sintering of Nanoparticles using Thermoelectric Avalance, 2006

Indirectly linked to CeO

• Several patent applications (2006, about 15) related to sensors, materials, telecommunication,

• 5 - 6 patents are lisenced or sold during 2006


CONFIDENTIAL

Other Results

1. New Research Team (Dr. Ari Alastalo)

2. Two Doctoral Thesis: Ari Alastalo and Anu Kärkkäinen

3. Two Spin-off Companies and one Join Company

Directly Related to CeO

• Aivon Ltd, 2006, cryogenic detectors, dc and hg SQUIDs for Electa- Neuromag, Dr. Jari Penttilä (Shares: three Finns and VTT)

Indirectly Related to CeO

• FennoID Ltd, 2006, RFID sollutions, Heikki Mamia (Shares: two Finns, German, Chinese, Indonesian and VTT)

• ReadTeck (Chína), 2006, Joint Company between FennoID (Finland) and TeckTop (China/Wuhan), RFID for China Markets (Traffic Customs) and Electric Codes


CONFIDENTIAL

Future Plans

Directly Related to CeO

• Teraherts Imiging Systems

• Teraherts Spectroscopy

• New Realisation for Quantum Triangle

•Sluice, BOT, unSQUID / Calorimetric detection of electrons

• Detectors and Electronics for Quantum Computing

• RFSQ

• Modified un SQUID (Quantum Limited Amplifier)

• Prediction: 12 times lower energy resolution than dc SQUID

Indirectly Related to CeO

• Electric conductivity in 3D nano arrays

• Inorganic nanoparticles (metalic, semiconductive and ferroelectric) for printable electronics

• Terahertz spectroscopy for biotechnolgy

confidential coe, scientific advisory board meeting, 9th september, heikki seppä applied quantum...

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