Volume 4 of5

Co-sponsored by

The Institution of Electrical Engineers The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan IEEE Power Electronics Society

In cooperation with

European Power Electronics and Drives Association

Under the pa.trona.ge of

University of Rome "La Sapienza" University of Padova

Volume 4

Utility Interface

Techniques for Attaching a Low Per-Unit Current Harmonic Correction PWM Inverter Cell

to the Input Stage of an Industrial Drive 2045

J. Salmon, University ofAlberta, CANADA

Power Converter and SMES in Controlling Power System Dynamics 2051

Aysen Arsoy, Yilu Liu, Virginia Tech, USA; Paulo F. Riberio, BWX Technologies, Inc., USA;

Fred Wang, GE Industrial Control Systems, USA

Reactive Power and Unbalance Compensation using STATCOM with a Dissipativity-Based Control 2058

G. Escobar, A. M. Stankovic, Northeastern University, USA; P. Mattavelli, University ofPadova, ITALY

Energy Consumption Analysis for Geared Elevator Modernization:

Upgrade from DC Ward Leonard System to AC Vector Controlled Drive 2066

AshokB. Kulkarni, Thyssen Dover Elevator, USA

An Induction Motor Drive System with Improved Fault Tolerance 2071

M. B. de R. Correa, CEFET-AL UNED;

C. B. Jacobina, E. R. C. da Silva, A. M. N. Lima, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, BRAZIL

Design and Implementation of a Fast On-Load Tap Changing Regulator 2078

R. Echavarria, M. Cotorogea, A. Claudio, V. Sanchez,Centro Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico, MEXICO

Multi-Level Converters II

An Improved Modulation Strategy for a Hybrid Multilevel Inverter 2086

B. P. McGrath, D. G. Holmes, Monash University AUSTRALIA;

M. Manjrekar, T. A. Lipo, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA

Optimum Harmonic Reduction with a Wide Range of Modulation Indexes for Multilevel Converters 2094

Siriroj Sirisukprasert, Jih-Sheng Lai, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA;Tian-Hua Liu, National Taiwan University ofScience and Technology, TAIWAN

A Multilevel Soft-Switching Inverter with Inductor Coupling 2100

Byeong-Mun Song, Jun-Hyung Kim, Jih-Sheng Lai, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA;Ki-Chul Seong, Hae-Joong Kim, Korea Electrotechnology Reserch Institute (KERI), KOREA;Sun-Soon Park, Dawon Industrial Electronics Co., LTD, KOREA

Active Power Filters

A Novel Current Tracking Method for Active Filters Based on a Sinusoidal Internal Model 2108

Shoji Fukuda, Takehito Yoda, Hokkaido University, JAPAN

Improving the Operation of 3 -Phase Diode Rectifiers Using an Asymmetrical Half-BridgeDC-Link Active Filter 2115

J. Salmon, D. Koval, University ofAlberta, CANADA

The Control System of the Active Power Filter Considering Power Factor in Unbalanced Load 2123

See-Young Choi, Woo-Cheol Lee, Dong-Seok Hyun, Hanyang University, KOREA;

Taeck-Kie Lee, Hankyong National University, KOREA

Transient Analysis of a Vector Controlled Active Filter 2129

Alfredo Nava-Segura, Jesus Linares-Flores, Universidad de las Americas-Puebla, MEXICO

Operations of the Dominant Harmonic Active Filter (DHAF) under Realistic Utility Conditions 2135Po-Tai Cheng, National Tsing Hua University, TAIWAN; Subhashish Bhattacharya, Siemens, USA;Deepak Divan, Soft Switching Technologies, USA

xxix

Stationary Frame Generalized Integrators for Current Control of Active Power Filters with Zero SteadyState Error for Current Harmonics of Concern under Unbalanced and Distorted Operation Conditions 2143

Xiaoming Yuan, Jost Allmeling, Herbert Stemmler,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, SWITZERLAND;

Willi Merk, University ofApplied Sciences Bern, SWITZERLAND

Multiresonant Corrector for Active Filter 2151

X. Guillaud, J. P. Hautier, M. Wulverick, F. Crespi, L2EP Lille, ENSAM, FRANCE

Industrial Power Converter Topics

Thyristor-Assisted ZVT Inverters with Single Coupled Inductor for High Power Applications 2156

Jae-Young Choi, Dushan Boroyevich, Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA

Loss Analysis and Evaluations of Voltage Source Three-Phase Soft Switching Inverter using AuxiliaryResonant DC Link Circuit Assisted Lossless Capacitor 2164

M. Kurokawa, Y. Konishi, H. Iwamoto, M. Nakaoka, Yamaguchi University, JAPAN

Decoupled Control of PWM Active-Front Rectifiers Using Only DC Bus Sensing 2169Jose" R. Espinoza, Ernesto Araya, Luis A. Moran T., Daniel Sbarbaro, Universidad de Concepcion, CHILE;G6za Jobs, Concordia University, CANADA

An Algebraic PWM Method for Three-Level Voltage Source Inverters 2177P. F. Seixas, M. A. Severo Mendes, P. Donoso-Garcia, Federal University ofMinas Gerais, BRAZIL;A. M. N. Lima, Federal University ofParaiba, BRAZIL

An Appropriate Multi-Level Converter for Single Current Supply Applications 2185Faouzi Tourkhani, University ofMoncton, CANADA; Philippe Viarouge, Universite Laval, CANADA

Fundamental Characteristics of a Five-Level Double Converter for Induction Motor Drive 2189

Takashi Ishida, Kouki Matsuse, Meiji University, JAPAN;

Kiyoaki Sasagawa, Fuji Electric Corporate Research and Development, Ltd., JAPAN;

Lipei Huang, Tsinghua University, JAPAN

Discrete Fourier Transform Harmonic Analysis ofDigitally-Generated PWM Waveformswhich are Distorted by Switch Dead Time 2197

Tony O'Gorman, Motorola, Inc., USA

A Simulation of Earth Faults in the Power Converter System for a Study of Safety Problems 2205Z. Flisowski, Warsaw University ofTechnology, POLAND;A. Pytlak, S. Sakowicz,. H. Swiatek, Electrotechnical Institute, POLAND;C. Mazzetti, University ofRome "La Sapienza", ITALY

A Multi-Functional Parallel Active Power Filter Operating with PCC Voltage CompensationConsidering the Unbalanced Load 2210

Woo-Cheol Lee, Dong-Seok Hyun, Hanyang University, KOREA;Taeck-Kie Lee, Ahn-Sung National University, KOREA

Comparison among High-Frequency and Line-Frequency Commutated Rectifiers Complyingwith IEC 61000-3-2 Standards 2218

Jose Antenor Pomilio, University of Campinas, BRAZIL;

Giorgio Spiazzi, Simone Buso, University ofPadova, ITALY

Model for the Analysis and Control of Induction Motor Drives Fed with AC/AC Converters 2224Olorunfemi Ojo, Tennessee Technological University, USA;Innocent Davidson, University ofPretoria, SOUTH AFRICA;A. A. Jimoh, University of Westville, SOUTH AFRICA

xxx

An Adaptive Linear Quadratic Regulator with Repetitive Controller Applied to Uninterruptible Power Supplies 2231

Vimcius Foletto Montagner, Emerson Giovani Carati, Hilton Abilio Griindling,UFSM / CT/DELC /NUPEDEE, BRAZIL2237

High Voltage Switch Using Series-Connected IGBTs with Simple Auxiliary Circuit 2237

J. W. Baek, D. W. Yoo, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, SOUTH KOREA;H. G. Kim, Kyungbuk National University, SOUTH KOREA

Special Session: Power Convertersfor Alternative Energy Systems

A 1600 kW IGBT Converter with Interphase Transformer for High Speed Gas Turbine Power Plants

L. J. J. Offringa, J. L. Duarte, Eindhoven University ofTechnology, THE NETHERLANDS

Adjustable Speed Generators for Wind Turbines Based on Doubly-Fed Induction Machines

and 4-Quadrant IGBT Inverters Linked to the Rotor

S. Miiller, M. Deicke, SEG GmbH & Co. KG, GERMANY; Rik W. De Doncker, RWTH-Aachen, GERMANY

A Novel High Performance Utility Interactive Photovoltaic Inverter SystemOsamu Hashimoto, Toshihisa Shimizu, Gunji Kimura, Tokyo Metropolitan University, JAPAN

A 400 Hz, 100 kVA, Digitally Controlled UPS for Airport Installations

G. L. Basile, OCEM S.p.A., ITALY; S. Buso, S. Fasolo, P. Tenti, University ofPadova, ITALY;P. Tomasin, CREIVen—Consorzio di Ricerca in Elettronica Industrial Veneto, ITALY

Modular PM Generator/Converter Topologies, Suitable for Utility Interface of Wind/Micro Turbine

and Flywheel Type Electromechanical Energy Conversion SystemsE. Cengelci, P. Enjeti, Texas A&M University, USA

Operation Aspects of an Isolated Wind Driven Induction Generator Regulatedby a Shunt Voltage Source Inverter

Luiz A. C. Lopes, Rogerio G. de Almeida, Universidade Federal do Para, BRAZIL

Power Converters: Reduced Harmonics and Improved Performance

Study and Design Considerations of a Voltage-Source Single-Stage PFC Converter 2283Alexander Uan-Zo-li, Jindong Zhang, Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA;James P. Noon, Texas Instruments, USA

A New Topology of 3-Phase PWM AC/DC Interleaved Converter for Telecommunication Supply Systems 2290B. N. Singh, Tulane University, USA; Geza Joos, Praveen Jain, Concordia University, CANADA

Unity Power Factor Single Phase AC Line Current Conditioner 2297Kamalesh Chatterjee, Montana State University, USA;

Giri Venkataramanan, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA;Manuel Cabrera, John F. Kennedy Space Center, USA; David Loftus, MSE Technology Applications, Inc., USA

Elimination of Low-Frequency Harmonics Caused by PWM in a Three-Phase Soft-Switched Boost Rectifier 2305Jia Wu, Fred C. Lee, Dushan Boroyevich, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA

Interleaving to Reduce Reverse Recovery Loss in Power Factor Correction Circuits 2311

Pit-Leong Wong, Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA

An Electronic Ballast for Suppression of the Input Harmonic Currents 2317N. Takahashi, Matsue National College ofTechnology, JAPAN;Y. Kato, M. Ohkita, Tottori University, JAPAN; K. Okutu, M. Matsuyama, Nippo Denki Co., Ltd., JAPAN;

M. Nakaoka, Yamaguchi University, JAPAN

High Dynamic Quasi-Direct Converter with Very Low DC-Link Capacity 2323H. Raffel, B. Orlik, University of Bremen, GERMANY

xxxi

2243

2249

2255

2261

2269

2277

Control and Modeling ofPower Converters

Predictive Compensation ofDead Time Effects in VSI Feeding Induction Motors 2331

C. Attaianese, G. Tomasso, University ofCassino, ITALY

Sharing of Nonlinear Load in Parallel Connected Three-Phase Converters 2238

Uffe Borup Jensen, AXA PowerA/S, DENMARK;

Frede Blaabjerg, Aalborg University, DENMARK; Prasad N. Enjeti, Texas A&M University USA

Small Signal Stability for Parallel Connected Inverters in Stand-Alone AC Supply Systems 2345

Ernane Antonio Alves Coelho, Federal University of Uberldndia, BRAZIL;Porffrio Cabaleiro Cortizo, Pedro Francisco Donoso Garcia, Federal University ofMinas Gerais, BRAZIL

Improved Voltage Regulation for Current Source Inverters 2353

D. N. Zmood, D. G. Holmes, Monash University, AUSTRALIA

A Primary-Switched Line-Side Converter using Zero Voltage Switching 2361

Philip C. Kjaer, Staffan Norrga, ABB Corporate Research, SWEDEN;

Stefan Ostlund, Royal Institute of Technology, SWEDEN

Virtual Flux Based Direct Power Control of Three-Phase PWM Rectifiers 2369

M. Malinowski, M. P. Kazmierkowski, Warsaw University of Technology, POLAND;

S. Hansen, Danfoss Drives A/S, DENMARK; F. Blaabjerg, Aalborg University, DENMARK;

G. Marques, Technical University ofLisbon, PORTUGAL

A "Power Mapping" Variable-Speed Control Technique for a Constant-Frequency Conversion SystemPowered by an IC Engine and PM Generator 2376

Michael J. Ryan, GE Corp. Research & Development, USA;Robert D. Lorenz, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA

High Frequency Power Conversion

Isolated Interleaved-Phase-Shift-PWM dc-dc ZVS Converters 2383

J. R. Pinheiro, J. E. Baggio, UFSM/CT/DELC/NUPEDEE, BRAZIL

A New Single Stage Three-Phase Step-Up/Down Rectifier with Low Effects on the Mains 2389

V. Fernao Pires, J. Fernando Silva, Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa, PORTUGAL

An Auxiliary Quasi-Resonant Tank Soft-Switching Inverter 2397

Fang Z. Peng, Donald J. Adams, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA

A Novel Zero-Voltage-Switching Converter using a Coupled Inductor 2404

Hiromitsu Shigemoto, Tomonori Kunimitsu, Kazurou Harada, Yoshiyuki Ishihara, Toshiyuki Todaka,Doshisha University, JAPAN;

Kiyoshi Ueda, Japan Storage Battery Co., Ltd., JAPAN

Discussions on Control Loop Design in Average Current Mode Control 2411

Chunxiao Sun, Pacific Scientific/Danaher Corporation, USA; Brad Lehman, Northeastern University, USA

Analysis, Design, and Practical Consideration of a 500W Power Factor Corrector with Soft Switching Feature 2418

T.-F. Wu, C.-C. Chen, C.-H. Lee, C.-L. Shen, Y.-C. Wu, National Chung Cheng University, R.O.C.

DC Converters

DC-DC Flyback Converters in the Critical Conduction Mode: A Re-examination 2426G. Spiazzi, University ofPadova, ITALY; D. Tagliavia, S. Spampinato, ST Microelectronics, ITALY

Paralleling Non-Isolated Multi-Phase PWM Converters 2433

Zhihong Ye, Dushan Boroyevich, Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA

A Novel Ride-Through System for Adjustable Speed Drives Using Common-Mode Voltage 2440

Yong-Seok Kim, Seung-Ki Sul, Seoul National University, KOREA

xxxii

A Novel Voltage Step-Down/Up ZCS-PWM Zeta Converter 2448Marcelo J. Bonato, Fabio T. Wakabayashi, Carlos Alberto Canesin, Paulista State University, BRAZIL

Fault Detection in DC Distributed Power Systems based on Impedance Characteristics of Modules 2455

Xiaogang Feng, Zhihong Ye, Changrong Liu, Richard Zhang, Fred C. Lee, Dushan Boroyevich,

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA

Investigation of the Topological Configuration of Magnetic Current Limiter for the Protectionof Power Semiconductor Devices 2463

S. C. Mukhopadhyay, M. Iwahara, S. Yamada, Kanazawa University, JAPAN;F. P. Dawson, University ofToronto, CANADA

DC-DC Power Converter for Monolithic Implementation 2471

S. Abedinpour, M. Trivedi, K. Shenai, University ofIllinois at Chicago, USA

Power Converters: Technologies and Trade-offsA Series-Connected Voltage Source Converter for Voltage Sag Mitigation Using Vector Controland a Filter Compensation Algorithm 2476

Ambra Sannino, University of Palermo, ITALY; Jan Svensson, Chalmers University of Technology, SWEDEN

Sine-Triangle vs. Space Vector Modulation for Three-Level PWM Voltage Source Inverters 2482

F. Wang, GE Industrial Systems, USA

A Power Electronic Transformer (PET) -Fed Nine-Level H-Bridge Inverter for Large Induction Motor Drives 2489

Rick Kieferndorf, Giri Venkataramanan, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA;

Madhav D. Manjrekar, ABB Automation Inc., USA

Power Electronic Transformers for Utility Applications 2496Madhav D. Manjrekar, ABB Automation Inc., USA;

Rick Kieferndorf, Giri Venkataramanan, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA

Four-Branches-Inverter-Based-Active-Filter for Unbalanced 3-Phase 4-Wires Electrical Distribution Systems 2503

Alfredo Nava-Segura, Gerardo Mino-Aguilar, Universidad de las Americas-Puebla, MEXICO

A Comparative Study of Harmonic Filtering Strategies for a Shunt Active Filter 2509P. S. Sensarma, K. R. Padiyar, V. Ramanarayanan, Indian Institute ofScience, INDIA

Impact of Key Technologies on Future Road and Light Rail Traction Converters 2517

Christian B. Keller, Yehia R. Tadros, DaimlerChryslerAG, GERMANY

Converters, Rectifiers, and Power Supplies

Systematic Design of EMI-Filters for Power Converters 2523

A. Nagel, ABB Corporate Research, GERMANY; R. W. De Doncker, RWTH Aachen, ISEA, GERMANY

A Family of Low-Voltage High-Current Rectifiers 2526

Pekik Argo Dahono, Bandung Institute of Technology, INDONESIA

Comparison of Discrete Control Techniques for UPS Applications 2531

Cassiano Rech, Hilton Abflio Griindling, Jose Renes Pinheiro, UFSM/CT/DELC/NUPEDEE, BRAZIL

Improved Performance Resonant Rectifier: Prospective Topology and Control Schemes 2538

Chandan Chakraborty, Muneaki Ishida, Mie University, JAPAN

A Front-End Distributed Power System for High-Power Applications 2546Peter Barbosa, Francisco Canales, Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, USA

An Isolated High-Voltage DC-to-DC Converter with Fast Turn-off Capability for X-Ray Tube Gridding 2552

Laszlo Laskai, Milan Ilic, Joseph Reynolds, General Electric Corporate R&D, USA;Robert Encallaz, GE Medical Systems S.A., FRANCE

xxxiii

Metals Industry Committee

Primary and Casting Metals Processes

Thermal Model for Operation of Arc Furnace Transformer in Steel Making Plant in a Climate of High Humidity 2559Y. Saboohi, SharifEnergy Research Institute, IRAN

Belt Shape Stabilization in Continuous Twin-Belt Casting Machines 2566

Valery G. Kagan, Hazelett Strip-Casting Corporation, USA

Twin-Roll Casting with an Electromagnetic Edge Dam 2572

Howard Gerber, Purdue University Calumet, USA;Kenneth Blazek, Yeou-Hsin Wang, Ispat Inland Inc., USA

Model-Based Estimation of Decarburization Rate and Carbon Content in the Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Process 2578

Andreas Johansson, Alexander Medvedev, Lulea University of Technology, SWEDEN;Daniel Widlund, SSAB OxelosundAB, SWEDEN

Physical Modelling and Control of Dynamic Foaming in an LD-Converter Process 2584

Wolfgang Birk, Alexander Medvedev, Lulea University ofTechnology, SWEDEN;Ioannis Arvanitidis, Par Jonsson, Royal Institute ofTechnology, SWEDEN

In-Mold Electromagnetic Stirring in Continuous Casting 2591

Keisuke Fujisaki, Nippon Steel Corp., JAPAN

Rolling Metals Process

Width Control System of the Hot Strip Mill using Learning Control Technique 2599

K. Yamahashi, K. Sekiguchi, M. Tsugeno, S. Mukumoto, Toshiba Corporation, JAPAN;K. C. Chen, J. K. Chen, China Steel Corporation, TAIWAN

Advanced Automation Concept of Runout Table Strip Cooling for Hot Strip and Plate Mills 2604

Siegfried Latzel, SMS Demag, GERMANY

Nonlinear Control in Rolling Mills: A New Perspective 2613A. Kugi, R. Novak, K. Schlacher, University ofLinz, AUSTRIA

Application of Electromagnetic Force to Run Out Table 2621Keisuke Fujisaki, Nippon Steel Corp., JAPAN

Advance Plant and Process Monitoring System (PPMS) for Steel Making Industry 2626

Siegfried Latzel, SMS Demag, GERMANY

General Metals Fabricating Processes

High Current DC Choppers in the Metals Industry 2629Vince Scaini, Inverpower Controls Ltd., CANADA; Tom Ma, Hatch & Associates, CANADA

Continuous Measurement of Zinc Coating on Steel Wires 2637

Juan M. Lopera, Francisco F. Linera, Juan Diaz, Miguel J. Prieto, Alberto M. Pernia,Universidad de Oviedo, SPAIN

Highly Concentrated Radiation from Torch Plasma for Plasma Treatment 2643

Toru Iwao, Hirokazu Miyazaki, Hideyuki Yoshida, Yafang Liu, Tsuginori Inaba, Chuo University, JAPAN

Dynamics and Control of Accumulators in Continuous Strip Processing Lines 2647P. R. Pagilla, Oklahoma State University, USA; S. S. Garimella, E. O. King, ALCOA Technical Center, USA;L. H. Dreinhoefer, ALCOA FRP Engineering, USA

Optimized Trajectory Tracking Control of Multistage Dynamic Processes 2654Nicholas S. Samaras, Danieli Automation, USA; Marwan A. Simaan, University of Pittsburgh, USA

On-Line Compensation of Friction Loss for Continuous Strip Processing Line 2662

Jeong-Uk Lee, Chang-Ho Choi, POSCON Corporation, KOREA;

Seung-Ho Song, Seung-Ki Sul, Seoul National University, KOREA;

Dong-Seuk Hyun, HanYang University, KOREA

xxxiv

Mining Industry Committee

General Applications

Performance Calculation for Tunnel Boring Machine Motors 2668

Peter E. Sutherland, GE Power Systems, USA

Lightning Propagation Through the Earth and Its Potential for Methane Ignitions in Abandoned Areasof Underground Coal Mines 2674

Thomas Novak, The University ofAlabama, USA;Thomas J. Fisher, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, USA

Experimental Investigation of On-Line Methods for Incipient Fault Detection 2682

Joseph Sottile, Frederick C. Trutt, University ofKentucky, USA; Jeffrey L. Kohler, NIOSH, USA

The Effect of Altitude on the Operation Performance of Low Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Components 2688

G. Erich Heberlein Jr., Chester Malkowski Jr., Michael J. Cibulka, Rockwell Automation, USA

Distinguishing Motor Starts from Short Circuits through Phase-Angle Measurements 2695

Michael R. Yenchek, James C. Cawley, Albert L. Brautigam, Jeffrey Shawn Peterson,National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA

Drive Systems

Variable Speed AC-Motors in Compact Size for Mining 2703

Hugo Helbing, Breuer-Motoren GmbH & Co., GERMANY

Regenerative Drives in the Megawatt Range for High Performance Downhill Belt Conveyors 2707

J. Rodriguez, J. Pontt, A. Weinstein, Technical University Federico Santa Maria, CHILE;N. Becker, Siemens A.G., GERMANY

Long Mine Conveying Systems with Adjustable Frequency Drives (AFD) 2713

Greg Barfoot, Fluor Daniel, USA; J. J. Ostrzenski, Fluor Daniel, CANADA;

KenGebhardt, Process Analysts Inc., USA

The Application of a Medium Voltage (4160 VAC) Variable Frequency Drive

on an Underground Mine Belt Conveyor System 2721

Victor L. Kitts, Pemco Corporation, USA; William K. Stees, Consol Pennsylvania Coal Company, USA

Cold-Shrink Branch Splice System for XLPE Medium-Voltage Power Cables of Rated Voltagefrom 6/10 kV up to 12/20 kV 2726

Peter Kitzer, Raymond Krabs, Burkhard Miinchow, 3M Laboratories (Europe), GERMANY

Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee

Advancements in Controls & Drives in the Petroleum and Chemical Industry

The Use of Electronic Controls for Electric Heat Tracing to Enhance Performance and Safety 2731

Ben C. Johnson, Thermon Industries, USA; J. L. Maurin, Mobil, FRANCE

Ecology and Economy Decide for 50,000 HP Turbocompressor Drivers 2738

Fritz Kleiner, Siemens AG, GERMANY;

Bas de Wit, Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij, THE NETHERLANDS;

Bernd Ponick, Siemens AG, GERMANY

The Use of Variable Frequency Drives as a Final Control Element in the Petroleum Industry 2749

Geoff Irvine, Rockwell Automation, AUSTRALIA; Ian H. Gibson, Fluor Australia Pty Ltd., AUSTRALIA

The Acceptance, within N. America of IEC 79/0-19 (Cenelec 50 014 to 039) and the Potential Global Impactin Hazardous Area Electrical Engineering 2759

Allen Bennett, AB Controls & Technology, UK

xxxv

Safety Issues and Trends in the Petroleum and Chemical Industry

Key Learnings from IAS Electrical Safety Workshops 2767Steve Bonner, Thermon Ltd., UK; Kim Eastwood, Thermon Manufacturing Co., USA;H. Landis Floyd II, Danny P. Liggett, DuPont Co., USA;Shahid Jamil, ExxonMobil Chemical, SINGAPORE; David A. Pace, Olin Corp., USA; Chaparala Satish, INDIA

How Do the NEC and IEC 60364 Help Provide Electrical Safety? 2774

George D. Gregory, Square D Company, USA; Joseph H. Kusca, Killark Electric Mfg. Co., USA;Giuseppe Parise, University ofRome "La Sapienza", ITALY; Melvin K. Sanders, TECo., Inc., USA;Craig M. Wellman, DuPont Co., USA

Electric Arc Hazard Assessment and Personnel Protection 2782

Richard L. Doughty, E. I. DuPont deNemours & Co., USA; Thomas E. Neal, Neal Associates Ltd., USA;

Genevieve M. Laverty, DuPont deNemours International S.A., SWITZERLAND;

Hugh Hoagland, NASCO Industries, Inc., USA

Evaluating Aging Electrical Systems and Equipment 2790J. E. Propst, Equilon Enterprises, LLC, USA;P. T. Griffin, Shell Global Solution B.V., THE NETHERLANDS

Choosing Medium-Voltage Circuit-Breakers Based on IEC909 Short-Circuit Calculations 2798

Roy E. Cosse Jr., Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc., USA;Terence G. Hazel, Schneider Electric, FRANCE; Rida Youssef, IPSA Power Engr. CAD Ltd., UK

Finite Element Analysis—An Advanced Calculation of Temperature Profiles for Difficult Shapes and Conditions 2806

Gisbert Schmahl, BARTEC Barlian Holding AG, GERMANY

Preventing Disasters in the Petroleum and Chemical Industry

Advantages of Combining Explosion Protection Techniques for Petro-Chemical Projects 2811Anton Heinskill, Crouse-Hinds, USA

Disaster Recovery Project Management 2814

Phillip E. Hayes, Rockwell Automation, USA; Aubrey Hammons, Chevron Products Company, USA

Shaft Current in AC Induction Machine—An On Line Monitoring System and Prediction Rules 2822

Raymond Ong, J. H. Dymond, GE Industrial Systems, CANADA;R. D. Findlay, S. Szabados, McMaster University, CANADA

Standards, Power Distribution, Monitoring and Control of Electrical Heat Tracing, a Global View 2830Chet Sandberg, Raychem HTS USA; Bob Rafferty, DuPont, USA;Marcus Kleinehanding, Raychem HTS BELGIUM; Juan Jose Hernandez, DuPont, SPAIN

The Impact of the IECEx Scheme on the Global Availability of Explosion Protected Apparatus—Update 2000 (Parts I-III).. 2836

C. Aguis, Quality Assurance Services, AUSTRALIA; M. Brenon, Laboratoire Central des Industries, FRANCE;W. G. Dill, DMT-Gesellschaftfur Forschung und Prufung mbH, GERMANY;P. Kelly, K. McManama, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., USA;U. Klausmeyer, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, GERMANY; A. Pogorelsky, TCCExEE, UKRAINE;A. S. Zalogine, Certification Centerfor Explosion Proofand Mine Electrical Equipment CC VEIGD, RUSSIA

The Impact of the IECEx Scheme on the Global Availability of Explosion Protected Apparatus—Update 2000 (Parts IV-VII) 2844

C. Aguis, Quality Assurance Services, AUSTRALIA; M. Brenon, Laboratoire Central des Industries, FRANCE;W. G. Dill, DMT-Gesellschaftfur Forschung und Prufung mbH, GERMANY;P. Kelly, K. McManama, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., USA;U. Klausmeyer, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, GERMANY; A. Pogorelsky, TCCExEE, UKRAINE;A. S. Zalogine, Certification Centerfor Explosion Proofand Mine Electrical Equipment CC VE IGD, RUSSIA

Author Index

xxxvi