computers and business. retail kiosks kiosks point-of-sale terminals point-of-sale terminals upc upc...
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RetailRetail
KiosksKiosks Point-of-sale terminalsPoint-of-sale terminals UPCUPC Debit cardsDebit cards Social computingSocial computing Electronic data interchangeElectronic data interchange
Banking and FinanceBanking and Finance
Cashless societyCashless society Phone transfersPhone transfers ATMATM Debit cardDebit card
Stock MarketStock Market
Share trackingShare tracking Wireless transactions on trading Wireless transactions on trading
floorfloor Online tradingOnline trading
ManufacturingManufacturing
RoboticsRobotics MultimediaMultimedia Computer aided Computer aided
design/manufacturingdesign/manufacturing Just-in-time manufacturingJust-in-time manufacturing Virtual realityVirtual reality
Advertising and MarketingAdvertising and Marketing
TelevisionTelevision RadioRadio PrintPrint InternetInternet
Goals of TechnologyGoals of Technology
Increase productivityIncrease productivity Reduce resources needed to Reduce resources needed to
complete taskscomplete tasks Improve standard of livingImprove standard of living Improve efficiencyImprove efficiency Increase reliabilityIncrease reliability
Usual Result of Usual Result of Technological AdvancesTechnological Advances
Cost of product goes downCost of product goes down Market expandsMarket expands Jobs are createdJobs are created
new typesnew types more workers of each typemore workers of each type
Society and Changing Society and Changing TechnologyTechnology
Higher standard of livingHigher standard of living Better servicesBetter services Better goodsBetter goods Potential for higher incomesPotential for higher incomes Production of goods is more Production of goods is more
knowledge basedknowledge based
Changing Nature of WorkChanging Nature of Work
Elimination of jobsElimination of jobs Creation of jobsCreation of jobs Reduced work hoursReduced work hours More leisureMore leisure Increased need for trainingIncreased need for training
Computer vs. Other Computer vs. Other TechnologiesTechnologies
Eliminate wider variety of jobsEliminate wider variety of jobs Eliminate more high skilled jobsEliminate more high skilled jobs Pace of improvement in speed and Pace of improvement in speed and
capacity is much fastercapacity is much faster Continual retrainingContinual retraining
Job CreationJob Creation
ATM machine ATM machine buildersbuilders
ProgrammersProgrammers DesignersDesigners MarketersMarketers ManufacturersManufacturers Computer repair Computer repair
peoplepeople TrainersTrainers
Network Network technicianstechnicians
Cable techniciansCable technicians Help desk supportHelp desk support TelemarketersTelemarketers Customer serviceCustomer service Web page Web page
designersdesigners
Job DestructionJob Destruction
Gas/meter readerGas/meter reader Sales clerksSales clerks Bank tellersBank tellers RailroadRailroad Travel agentsTravel agents Police officersPolice officers LibrariansLibrarians MechanicsMechanics
Toll booth Toll booth operatorsoperators
Gas station Gas station attendantsattendants
SecretariesSecretaries ReceptionistsReceptionists DraftersDrafters Film processorsFilm processors
Income and ProductivityIncome and Productivity
Hourly wages droppedHourly wages dropped Work less to do same thingWork less to do same thing Productivity increasesProductivity increases Efficiency increasesEfficiency increases
Lower wages? Increase business? Lower wages? Increase business? Lower costs?Lower costs?
Jobs of the FutureJobs of the Future
Some knowledge of computer Some knowledge of computer technologytechnology
Fewer jobs for people with lower Fewer jobs for people with lower skills and educationskills and education
Pay levelPay level high - highly skilledhigh - highly skilled low - no skilllow - no skill
Computers and Job HuntingComputers and Job Hunting
Fastest growing occupations Fastest growing occupations through 2006through 2006 computer scientistscomputer scientists computer engineerscomputer engineers systems analystssystems analysts network specialistsnetwork specialists
Growth in EmploymentGrowth in Employment
Data entry personnelData entry personnel Computer operatorsComputer operators Computer techniciansComputer technicians Systems analystsSystems analysts ProgrammersProgrammers Database administratorsDatabase administrators
Finding that JobFinding that Job
Job-search service on InternetJob-search service on Internet Regional infoRegional info AdviseAdvise Interview helpInterview help Resume helpResume help
Emergence of TeleworkEmergence of Telework
Work away from normal officeWork away from normal office At home (programmers)At home (programmers) From home (salespeople)From home (salespeople) At Work Centers (telecottages or At Work Centers (telecottages or
satellite offices)satellite offices)
Telework IssuesTelework Issues
Worker anonymityWorker anonymity Employers can better monitorEmployers can better monitor
Employees, work, communications, Employees, work, communications, movementsmovements
Affects productivity, privacy, morale of Affects productivity, privacy, morale of employeesemployees
Emergence of health issuesEmergence of health issues
Benefits to CompanyBenefits to Company
Reduced overhead - creates office Reduced overhead - creates office spacespace
Skill retentionSkill retention Increased productivityIncreased productivity Reduces rush hour trafficReduces rush hour traffic Expanded geographic rangeExpanded geographic range Reduced absenteeismReduced absenteeism Improved moraleImproved morale
Benefits to EmployeesBenefits to Employees
No commute time/costsNo commute time/costs Reduced clothing costsReduced clothing costs Reduced child care costsReduced child care costs Greater autonomy and freedomGreater autonomy and freedom Decreased distractionsDecreased distractions Flexible locationFlexible location
Benefits to EveryoneBenefits to Everyone
Reduction of trafficReduction of traffic Reduction of costs of transportation Reduction of costs of transportation
infrastructureinfrastructure Reduction of environmental Reduction of environmental
damagedamage
Equipment NeededEquipment Needed
ComputerComputer ModemModem PrinterPrinter Internet serviceInternet service Telephone line(s)Telephone line(s) FaxFax E-mailE-mail Answering machineAnswering machine File transfer capabilitiesFile transfer capabilities
Safety IssuesSafety Issues
Ergonomic equipment (covered Ergonomic equipment (covered later)later)
SecuritySecurity
Telework Job Telework Job CharacteristicsCharacteristics
Large degree of autonomyLarge degree of autonomy Intrinsically satisfyingIntrinsically satisfying Routine communicationsRoutine communications Agreed job specs and time tablesAgreed job specs and time tables Involve travelInvolve travel Require quiet time to thinkRequire quiet time to think
ProblemsProblems
IsolationIsolation No direction from supervisorNo direction from supervisor Low moraleLow morale Work too little or too muchWork too little or too much Reduction in important inter-office Reduction in important inter-office
communicationcommunication Reduced opportunities for Reduced opportunities for
advancementadvancement
Employee MonitoringEmployee Monitoring
Creation of new ways to monitorCreation of new ways to monitor Old ways are more efficientOld ways are more efficient
Employee Monitoring Employee Monitoring MethodsMethods
Electronic - details of performance Electronic - details of performance (keystrokes, time spent)(keystrokes, time spent)
Physical surveillancePhysical surveillance CamerasCameras Car locationCar location Electronic ID badgesElectronic ID badges
Customer service telephone workCustomer service telephone work Access to info (i.e. files, email)Access to info (i.e. files, email)
Health IssuesHealth Issues
RadiationRadiation Wrist problemsWrist problems Repetitive Strain InjuryRepetitive Strain Injury Blurred visionBlurred vision