computer basics by: nicole hayes. purposes of computers business – track inventory. – calculate...
TRANSCRIPT
Computer Basics
By: Nicole Hayes
Purposes of Computers
• Business– Track inventory.– Calculate payroll.– Maintain databases.
• Personal– Surf the web.– Do homework.– Correspondence
What is a computer?
• A computer is an electronic device, operating under a set of instructions in its own memory, which accepts input, processes that data, and produces results which can be stored.
Parts of the Computer System
• Define in your own words, each of the following parts:1. Hard drive or central processing unit2. CD/DVD drive3. Mouse4. External hard drive5. USB flash drive or jump drive6. Card reader/writer
Parts Continued
1. Modem2. Scanner3. Printer4. Monitor5. Screen (LCD)6. Speakers7. Keyboard8. Microphone
What Do Computers Do?
• Complete information processing cycle through these 4 steps:– Input– Process– Output– Storage
• InputRaw
Data
• Process
(Application)
• OutputInformation
• Storage
Data vs. Information
• Data is basically text, numbers, images, audio or video.– JB123– XS123
• Information is when you take this data and make it meaningful and useful.
Book ID Number
JB123
XS123
What Makes Computers So Useful?
• Fast• Reliable• Accurate• Manage and store large amounts of
information easily.• Easy to transfer information to others.
How Does A Computer Know What To Do?
• Computers follow a program or “software”.– This is basically a set of written instructions that
tells a computer what to do.– It includes a start, instructions, and a stop.
Computer Components
• Input devices• Processor• Memory• Output devices• Storage devices• Communication devices
Computer Components
Input Devices
• Any hardware component that allows you to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer.– Keyboard, mouse, digital camera, scanner,
microphone, stylus
Input Devices
System Unit
• Case which contains the electronic components of the computer used to process data.
• Also called a chassis.• Contains the
motherboard.– The main circuit board.
Parts of the System Unit
• Central Processing Unit– Interprets and carries
out the basic instructions that operate the computer.• Control Unit
– Interprets instructions.• Arithmetic/logic unit
– Performs the logical and arithmetic processes.
Memory
• Random Access Memory (RAM)– Electronic components which temporarily store
instructions, data and information.– Amount of memory is measured in bytes.• Byte holds one character (such as one letter).• Kilobyte (KB) = 1000 bytes• Megabyte (MB) = 1 million bytes• Gigabyte (GB) = 1 billion bytes
Output Devices
• Make information resulting from processing available for use.– Printers, LCDs, speakers.
Storage Devices
• Storage devices are used to store information, data and instructions when they are not being used in memory.– Disks (floppy, CDs, DVDS)– Flash drives– Hard drive
Communication Devices
• A hardware component that allows a computer to send and receive information, data, etc.– Modems, telephone
lines, satellites.