comprehensive_stuttering_therapy cap pt copii engl romana

8/10/2019 Comprehensive_stuttering_therapy Cap Pt COPII Engl Romana

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Therapy for Children

Chapter 1Your Child StuttersYour child sometimes repeats words or syllablesand you are concerned that he might become alifetime stutterer.You shouldn’t be overly worried: About !" ofyoung children stutterat one point or another and most of themspontaneously outgrow stuttering. #t is thereforevery li$ely that your child is simply going througha normal period of disfluency and will gradually

become normally fluent.%owever& some of these stuttering children'appro(imately one out of twenty) don’ t outgrowstuttering spontaneously and need the help of their

parents and in some cases the additional help of a

Speech *anguage Therapist in order to becomefluent spea$ers.+hat Should # ,o-The first thing to do is to avoid overreacting. Ase(plained above& most children naturally outgrowstuttering and it is statistically very li$ely thatyour child will also do so. You should at all costavoid showing to your child that you areconcerned about his disfluencies. #f you showconcern& your child will become aware of hisstuttering and will try hard to be fluent. y trying

hard to spea$ fluently& he will tend to tighten his/alsalva mechanism 'see chapter 0Tighteningthe +rong uscles for details regarding the/alsalva mechanism) and this will increase hisstuttering.#f your child’s stuttering is mild& it is not necessaryto immediately see$ the advice of a Speech*anguage 2athologist. You can probably improveyour child’s fluency through indirect therapy:children tend to imitate their parents and you caninfluence the way your child spea$s by changing

the way you behave and spea$ with him. 3ore(ample& you can have your child slow down hisspeech by slowing down your own speech. Thene(t chapter '#ndirect Therapy) e(plains in detailshow this can be done.#f you don’t notice any improvement within onemonth or if your child’s stuttering is severe& youshould see$ the help of a Speech *anguage2athologist. ,on’t wait: the longer you wait& thelonger it will ta$e to eliminate stuttering.

Terapie pentru copii

Capitolul 1Copilul dumneavoastr4 se poticnesteCopilul tau se repeta& uneori& cuvinte sau silabe 5iv4 sunt 6ngri7orat de faptul c4 el ar putea deveni un

b8lb8it via94.Tu nu trebuie s4 fie prea 6ngri7orat: Apro(imativ!" din tineri stutter copiila un moment sau altul 5i de cele mai multe dintreele depasesc spontan stuttering. 2rin urmare& estefoarte probabil ca copilul dumneavoastr4 este pur5i simplu trece printr0o perioad4 normal4 dedisfluency si va deveni treptat& 6n mod normal&fluent.Cu toate acestea& unele dintre aceste copiisacadarea 'apro(imativ unul din douaeci) nu ;nudepasesc stuttering spontan 5i au nevoie de

a7utorul p4rin9ilor lor 5i& 6n unele cauri& a7utorulsuplimentar de un terapeut *imba vorbire& 6nscopul de a deveni vorbitori fluenti.Ce trebuie s4 fac-2rimul lucru de f4cut este s4 se evite e(agerei.A5a cum sa e(plicat mai sus& ma7oritatea copiilordepasesc natural stuttering 5i este statistic foarte

probabil ca copilul tau va face& de asemenea& a5a.Tu ar trebui s4 de la toate costurile evita afi5area

pentru copilul dumneavoastr4 c4 sunte9i preocupatde disfluencies sale. ,ac4 v4 arat4 6ngri7orarea&

copilul tau va deveni con5tient de balbaiala lui 5iva 6ncerca din greu pentru a fi fluent. 2rin6ncercarea de greu s4 vorbeasc4 fluent& el va tindes4 consolidee mecanismul lui /alsalva 'a sevedea capitolul 06n4sprirea muschii gre5it pentrudetalii cu privire la mecanismul de /alsalva)& 5iacest lucru va spori balbaiala lui.<n caul 6n care copilul dumneavoastr4 Stutteringeste u5oar4& nu este necesar s4 se solicite imediatsfatul de un patolog *imba vorbire. 2ute9i6mbun4t49i& probabil& fluenta copilului

dumneavoastr4 prin terapie indirect: copiii autendin9a de a imita p4rin9ii lor 5i v4 pot influen9amodul 6n care copilul dumneavoastr4 vorbe5te deschimbarea modului 6n care se comport4 5ivorbesc cu el. ,e e(emplu& pute9i avea copilul tau6ncetini discursul s4u de 6ncetinirea discursuldumneavoastr4. =rm4torul capitol 'Terapiaindirect4) e(plic4 6n detaliu modul 6n care acestlucru poate fi f4cut.,ac4 nu observa9i nici o 6mbun4t49ire 6n termen deo lun4 sau 6n caul 6n care copilul dumneavoastr4Stuttering este sever4& trebuie s4 solicite a7utorulde un patolog *imba vorbire. >u asteptati: v4 maia5tepta9i& va dura mai mult pentru a eliminastuttering.



Speech *anguage 2athologist#t is e(tremely important that you avoid increasingthe child’s awarenessabout his speech impediments. 3or this reason&you should first meet the Speech *anguage2athologist without the child. ,uring this firstvisit& ma$e sure the therapist is comfortable ande(perimented in wor$ing with children and that hewill be able to help your child without increasinghis awareness about his stuttering. #f you are notsure& try to meet another S*2.,uring a subse?uent visit to the S*2& you will

bring the child with you and the therapist willassess his disfluencies. #f the S*2 is s$illed& heshould be able to assess the disfluencies withoutma$ing your child aware of what is going on.+hatever therapeutical approach the therapistrecommends& $eep in

mind that you will play a central role in thetherapy. Your child spends several hours a daywith you and you have a ma7or influence on yourchild. You should therefore $eep on following therecommendations given in the following chapter.Should # Tal$ about his Stuttering with my Child-As long as your child is not aware that he stutters&you should avoid mentioning stuttering with him.#f your child shows obvious signs that he is awareof his stuttering or if he as$s you ?uestions such as@+hy can’t # tal$- or @+hat’s wrong with me-&

then you should try to tal$ openly with him abouthis problem. You can then gradually implement adirect therapeutical approach 'see chapter B

,irect Therapy for details).#s it my 3ault if he Stutters-

>o it’s not your fault if your child stutters. >obody $nows for sure what triggers stuttering but studies indicate that stuttering is not caused bythe way the child is reared by his parents.This of course doesn’t mean that you cannot doanything about your child’s stuttering. As

previously mentioned you can positively influenceyour child and help him develop fluent speech.

,iscursul *imba patologDste e(trem de important s4 se evite cre5tereagradului de con5tientiare a copilului,espre impedimentele sale de vorbire. ,in acestmotiv& ar trebui s4 6ndeplineasc4 mai 6nt8i patolog*imba vorbire f4r4 copil. <n timpul acestei viite6n primul r8nd& asigura9i0v4 c4 terapeutul esteconfortabil 5i e(perimentat 6n lucrul cu copiii 5i c4el va fi capabil de a a7uta copilul dumneavoastr4&f4r4 cre5terea gradului de con5tientiare cu privirela balbaiala lui lui. ,ac4 nu sunte9i sigur& 6ncerca9is4 6ndeplineasc4 un alt S*2.<n timpul unei viite ulterioare la 2S*& v4 vaaduce copilul cu tine 5i terapeutul va evaluadisfluencies sale. ,ac4 2S* este calificat& el artrebui s4 fie 6n m4sur4 s4 evaluee disfluencies&f4r4 a face copilul dumneavoastr4 con5tien9i deceea ce se 6nt8mpl4.

#ndiferent de abordarea terapeutic4 terapeutulrecomand4& p4stra9i 6ncont de faptul c4 va 7uca un rol central 6n terapie.Copilul tau petrece mai multe ore pe i cu tine 5ivoi avea o influen94 ma7or4 asupra copilului tau.Tu ar trebui s4 9in4& prin urmare& 6n urmarecomand4rilor date 6n urm4torul capitol.Ar trebui s4 vorbesc despre balbaiala lui cu copilulmeu-At8ta timp c8t copilul nu este con5tient de faptulc4 el se poticneste& ar trebui s4 evite men9ionarea

balbaiala cu el.,aca copilul tau preinta semne evidente c4 eleste con5tient de balbaiala lui sau dac4 el puneintrebari& cum ar fi ;,e ce nu pot vorbi-; Sau ;Cee 6n neregul4 cu mine-;& Atunci ar trebui s46ncerca9i s4 vorbesc deschis cu el despre lui

problem4. 2ute9i apoi pune 6n aplicare treptat oabordare terapeutic4 direct4 'a se vedea capitolul B0 Terapia ,irect pentru detalii).Dste vina mea& dac4 el se poticneste-

>u& nu e vina ta& dac4 se poticneste copilului tau.

>imeni nu stie sigur ce declanseaa balbaiala& darstudiile indic4 faptul c4 Stuttering nu este cauat4de modul 6n care copilul este crescu9i de p4rin9iis4i.Aceasta& desigur& nu 6nseamn4 c4 nu pute9i facenimic despre balbaiala copilului dumneavoastr4.,up4 cum sa men9ionat anterior& se poate influen9a

poitiv copilul t4u 5i0l a7ute s4 devolte discursfluent.



EeferencesC%D*A& Fristin A.& EDAE,G>& >ina& TheSchool0Age Child +ho Stutters: +or$ingeffectively with Attitudes and Dmotions&Stuttering 3oundation of America& !!1,D**& Carl +.& Treating the school0age child whostutters: a guide for clinicians& Stuttering3oundation& !!!FD%GD& Thomas ,avid& Gvercoming Stutteringin H months& A multifactoral Iuide To SpeechTherapy& Casa 3utura Technologies& !!=EEAY& 3rederic$ 2.& A stutterer’s story&Stuttering 3oundation of America& !!1Stuttering 3oundation& #f your child stutters& aguide for parents& !!Stuttering 3oundation& Stuttering and your child&?uestions and answers& !!Stuttering 3oundation& The child who stutters: to

the pediatrician& 1JJ1Chapter #ndirect TherapyTal$ SlowlyChildren who stutter have a tendency to spea$faster tha n other children and you might thin$ thisis the reason why they stutter. #n fact& it might bethe other way round: it’s more li$ely that stutterersspea$ faster in an attempt to finish their sentence

before stuttering catches up with their speech.,oing

so& they tend to stress themselves and this ma$esstuttering more li$ely to happen. KSpea$ing fast’ is probably not the initial cause that originallytriggered stuttering but Kspea$ing fast’ andstuttering definitely wor$ hand in hand to

perpetuate one another.You should therefore find a way to have yourchild slow down his speech. #t is very tempting totell your child to slow down but it should beavoided:1) #t’s virtually impossible for a child to

voluntarily and consciously slow down his speech.) y telling him to slow down his speech&you will ma$e him more self conscious about theway he spea$s and this is li$ely to ma$e hisstuttering worse.You should instead lead by e(ample and spea$slowly to him. Children have a tendency to imitatetheir parents and your child will tend to also slowdown his speech.

EeferinteC%D*A& Fristin A.& Eeardon& >ina& pentru copiide v8rst4 5colar4: Cine se poticneste de lucrueficient& cu atitudinile 5i emo9iile& balbism3undatia ale Americii& !!1,D**& Carl +.& tratarea copiilor de v8rst4 5colar4&care se poticneste: un ghid pentru clinicieni&stuttering 3unda9ia& !!!Fehoe& Thomas ,avid& Stuttering ,ep45irea 6n Hluni& un ghid multipli 2entru a *ogopedie& Casa3utura Technologies& !!Fehoe& Thomas ,avid& Stuttering ,ep45irea 6n Hluni& un ghid multipli 2entru a *ogopedie& Casa3utura Technologies& !!urray& 3rederic$ 2.& povestea lui b8lb8it&3undatia stuttering ale Americii& !!13unda9ia stuttering& ,ac4 poticneste copilului& unghid pentru p4rin9i& !!

3unda9ia sacadarea& murmura 5i copiluldumneavoastr4& 6ntreb4ri 5i r4spunsuri& !!Stuttering 3oundation& copilul care se poticneste:la pediatru& 1JJ1Capitolul #ndirecte Terapie/orbe5te 6ncet&Copiii care stutter au tendin9a de a vorbi copiilormai repede n tha altele 5i0ar putea ca acesta estemotivul pentru care b8lb8i. ,e fapt& ar putea fiinvers: este mai probabil ca stutterers vorbesc mai

repede 6ntr0o 6ncercare de a termina tea lor6nainte de a murmura capturile cu vorbirea lor.34c8nd,eci& ele tind s4 se accentuee 5i acest lucru face

balbism mult mai probabil s4 se 6nt8mple.;/orbind de rapid;& nu este& probabil& cauaini9ial4 care a declan5at ini9ial balbism& dar;vorbind rapid;& 5i balbism lucra cu sigurantam8n4 6n m8n4 pentru a perpetua un altul.2rin urmare& ar trebui s4 g4si9i o modalitate de aavea copilul tau 6ncetini discursul s4u. Dste foarte

tentant sa spui copilului tau pentru a 6ncetini& darar trebui s4 fie evitate:1) Dste practic imposibil pentru un copil 6n modvoluntar 5i con5tient de a 6ncetini discursul s4u.) 2rin spun8ndu0i s4 6ncetineasc4 discursul s4u&v4 va face mai con5tient de sine despre modul 6ncare el vorbe5te 5i acest lucru este de natur4 s4fac4 mai r4u balbaiala lui.Tu ar trebui s4 conduc4 6n schimb de e(emplu& 5is4 vorbeasc4 6ncet cu el. Copiii au tendin9a de aimita p4rin9ii lor& 5i copilul va avea tendin9a de a6ncetini& de asemenea& 6n 7os discursul s4u.



2auses+hen your child as$s you a ?uestion& ta$e thehabit to pause one second before answering. Ta$eyour time and pause one second between eachsentence.Again& your child will tend to imitate you and thiswill lead him to spea$ slowly and to ta$e his timewhen he spea$s.ad ,ays and Iood ,aysYou probably noticed that stuttering comes andgoes: one day your child is fluent or nearly fluentand the ne(t day he might stutter severely. Youshouldn’t worry about these fluctuationsL they are

perfectly normal. The intermittent aspect ofstuttering is rather puling and nobody $nows for sure why it fluctuates from one day to the ne(t.You should be attentive to these fluctuations and

plan your daily activities accordingly. #f your child

is having a good day 'ie he is fluent or nearlyfluent)& try to have him spea$ as much as possible.*et him en7oy the pleasure of fluent speech.3luency breeds fluency and this pleasurablee(perience will have a long term carryover effect.Gn the other hand& if you notice that your child ishaving a bad day& try to plan some activities thatre?uire little speech such as a bi$e ride orswimming.,on’t As$ Too any Muestions to Your Childost children don’t li$e being as$ed too many

?uestions and children who stutter are nodifferent. #f you child stutters and you pressurehim with ?uestions& he won’t feel at ease and thismight reinforce his stuttering.#deally& you shouldn’t force your child to tal$. Youshould let him spea$ when he feels li$e it and lethim decide the topic. #f you want to as$ him a?uestion& give him ample time to answer.*et Your Child Spea$ as *oudly as he +ishes#f you are li$e me and don’t li$e having $idsscreaming li$e cray around the house& you will

probably find this piece of advice a bit tough tofollow. # find it fascinating that a tiny child can

produce more noise than half a doen adults alltal$ing at the same time. Children spea$ with amuch higher pitch than grownups and caneffortlessly fill up the entire room with their littlehigh fre?uency voices. After a hard day in thewor$place& you will probably find it difficult toresist as$ing your child to spea$ with a lowervolume.

<ntrerupeC8nd copilul t4u 69i pune o 6ntrebare& s4 ia obiceiulde a 6ntrerupe o secund4 6nainte de a r4spunde.*uati0va timp si o secund4 pau4 6ntre fiecare

propoi9ie.,in nou& copilul va avea tendin9a s4 v4 imite 5iacest lucru va duce s4 vorbeasc4 6ncet 5i s4 ia timpsa atunci c8nd vorbe5te.Nilele proaste 5i ile bune2robabil a9i observat c4 Stuttering vine 5i pleac4: oi copilul t4u este fluent sau aproape fluent 5i adoua i s0ar putea b8lb8i el grav. Tu nu ar trebui s4v4 face9i gri7i cu privire la aceste fluctua9ii& elesunt perfect normale. Aspectul intermitent4 de

balbism este destul de 6ncurcat 5i nimeni nu 5tiesigur ce varia4 de la o i la alta.Tu ar trebui s4 fie aten9i la aceste fluctua9ii 5i s4

planifice activit49ile de i cu i 6n consecin94. <n

caul 6n care copilul dumneavoastr4 are o i buna'de e(emplu& el este fluent sau aproape fluent)&6ncerca9i s40l vorbeasc4 c8t mai mult posibil. *as40l s4 se bucure de pl4cerea de a vorbirii fluent. Easede fluenta fluen94 5i aceast4 e(perien94 pl4cut4 vaavea un efect pe termen lung reportare.2e de alt4 parte& dac4 observa9i c4 copilul tau are oi proasta& 6ncerca9i s4 planifice anumite activit49icare necesit4 mic discurs& cum ar fi o plimbare cu

bicicleta sau inot. >u cere prea multe 6ntreb4ri pentru a copilului

dvs.a7oritatea copiilor nu le place se cere prea multe6ntreb4ri 5i copii& care se b8lb8ie nu sunt diferite.,ac4 v4 poticneste copilului 5i s40l sub presiunecu 6ntreb4ri& el nu se va sim9i 6n largul s4u 5i acestlucru ar putea consolida balbaiala lui.<n mod ideal& nu ar trebui s4 oblige copilul savorbeasca. Ar trebui s40l s4 vorbeasc4 atunci c8ndel se simte ca0l 5i l4sa9i0l s4 decid4 subiect. ,ac4dori9i s40l 6ntrebi o 6ntrebare& da0i timp suficient

pentru a r4spunde.

*asa copilul sa vorbe5ti la fel de tare ca el ,orin9e,ac4 e5ti ca mine 5i nu0mi place ce copiii 9ip4 caun nebun 6n 7urul casei& ve9i g4si& probabil& acestsfat& un pic mai greu de urmat. i se parefascinant ca un copil mic poate produce gomotmai mult de o 7um4tate de duin4 de adul9i& to9ivorbesc 6n acela5i timp. Copiii vorbesc cu un pasmult mai mare dec8t cei mari 5i pot umple f4r4efort p8n4 intreaga camera& cu vocile lor mici deinalta frecventa. ,up4 o i grea la locul de munc4&ve9i g4si& probabil& este dificil de a reista cerecopilului dumneavoastr4 pentru a vorbi cu unvolum mai mic.



#t is nevertheless essential that you let your childspea$ as loudly as he wishes. As e(plained in 2art##& 'D(ercise & Spea$ =pO) spea$ing with a loudvoice has two beneficial effects: it buildsconfidence and it has a rela(ing effect on the vocalcords. #t’s easier to be fluent when you spea$loudly than when you spea$ with a low voice andyou should therefore refrain from as$ing yourstuttering child to spea$ with a lower volume.#n fact& you should even encourage your child tospea$ with a higher volume. You can easily do so

by pretending to be deaf: #f your child sayssomething& curl your hand around your ear and as$ him to repeat more loudly.+hile doing so& you should be careful not toincrease your child’s awareness about hisstuttering. You should start playing deaf whenyour child says something fluently else he might

thin$ that you are as$ing him to repeat because ofhis stuttering. You can also tell him you are gettingoldand that your hearing is not as good as it used to

be. Children are usually amused by ourwea$nesses and your child will probably li$e thee(planation.You should also be careful not to overdo it. Try to

play deaf in a playfulmanner and ma$e sure your child is not annoyed

by your repetitive re?uests to repeat more loudly.

#f he seems annoyed& you can postpone thee(ercise to another day.You can probably also find a way to turn this intoa 7oyful game and as$ your child to repeat severaltimes louder and louder. Children li$e to spea$loudly and your child will probably en7oy thegame. #f you don’t en7oy the game as much as hedoes& you might consider buying some earplugsODncourage Your Child to SingStutterers usually don’t stutter when they sing andyou can help your child develop his spea$ing

s$ills by singing nursery rhymes. This willincrease his confidence in his spea$ing abilities.3luency breeds fluency and the natural fluency heen7o ys while singing will probably have somecarryover effect when he spea$s.Gf course& you can encourage him to sing in aloud voice. This way& you will $ill two birds withone stoneO

Dste totu5i esen9ial ca ai lasa copilul sa vorbeascala fel de tare ca el dore5te. A5a cum sa e(plicat 6n

partea a ##& 'O D(ercitarea & Spea$ =p)& vorbindcu o voce tare are dou4 efecte benefice: seconstruie5te 6ncrederea 5i are un efect rela(antasupra corilor vocale. Dste mai u5or s4 fie fluent&atunci c8nd vorbesc cu voce tare dec8t atunci c8ndvorbesc cu o voce sc4ut4 5i ar trebui s4 se ab9in4de la a cere& prin urmare& copilul dumneavoastr4Stuttering pentru a vorbi cu un volum mai mic.,e fapt& tu chiar ar trebui s4 6ncura7ee copilul s4vorbeasc4 cu un volum mai mare. 2ute9i face cuu5urin94 astfel de pretin8nd a fi surd: ,acacopilul tau spune ceva& se 6ndoaie m8na 6n 7urulvalorii de ureche 5i 6i cer s4 repete mai tare.<n timp ce face acest lucru& ar trebui s4 fie atent s4nu cre5te gradul de con5tientiare copiluluidumneavoastr4 despre balbaiala lui. Ar trebui s4

6ncepi s4 7oci surd c8nd copilul v4 spune cevafluent altceva s0ar putea crede c4 v4 sunt 6l cer s4repete din caua balbaiala lui. 2ute9i spune& deasemenea& l primi9i vechi5i c4 auul nu este la fel de bun ca acesta s4 fieutiliat. Copiii sunt& de obicei& amuat desl4biciunile noastre 5i copilul dumneavoastr4 vadori& probabil& e(plica9ia.Tu ar trebui s4 fie& de asemenea& gri74 s4 nue(agera9i. <ncerca9i s4 7oace 6ntr0un surd 7uc4u5mod 5i asigura9i0v4 c4 copilul dvs. nu este deran7at

de solicit4rile dumneavoastr4 repetate de a repetamai tare. ,ac4 el pare suparat& pute9i am8nae(ercitarea de alt4 i.2ute9i g4si& probabil& de asemenea& o modalitate dea transforma acest lucru 6ntr0un 7oc plin de bucurie5i de a pune copilul s4 repete de mai multe ori maitare 5i mai tare. Copiilor le place s4 vorbeasc4 tare5i copilul dumneavoastr4 se vor bucura& probabil&de 7oc. ,ac4 nu se bucur4 de 7oc la fel de mult casi el& s0ar putea lua 6n considerare cump4rareaunor dopuri de urechiO

<ncura7a9i0v4 copilul s4 c8nteStutterers& de obicei& nu se b8lb8ie atunci c8ndc8nt4 5i v4 pot a7uta copilul sa0si devolteaptitudinile sale de vorbitori de c8nt8nd rime

pepinier4. Acest lucru va spori 6ncrederea 6nabilit49ile sale de limb4. Ease de fluenta fluenta sifluenta fiic4& acesta en7o ys in timp ce canta&

probabil& va avea un efect de report atunci c8ndvorbe5te.,esigur& pute9i s40l 6ncura7ee s4 c8nte 6ntr0un glastare. <n acest fel& v4 va ucide doua pasari cu o

piatraO



aintain Dye ContactTry to maintain natural eye contact with your childwhen you spea$ with him. y maintaining eyecontact& you will show to your child that you arelistening to him and you will help him developnon verbal communication s$ills. ,on’t loo$ awaywhen he bloc$s on a word.

Avoid Iiving Advices to Your Child,on’t tell your child to @slow down or @to ta$e adeep breath and start over again. These advicesare simply useless and can only ma$e him moreself0conscious about his speech.Ienerally spea$ing& you should avoid interferingdirectly with your child’s speech. ,on’t as$ him torepeat fluently a sentence on which he bloc$ed.%e already had a hard time saying the sentenceonce and he would be really annoyed if you as$ed

him to repeat it a second time.,on’t #nterrupt Your Child,on’t interrupt your child while he spea$s. *istento him and let him finish saying what he has to say

before you start tal$ing. y doing so& your childwill understand that he has ample time and thatthere is no need to hurry his speech.You should also educate your other children tota$e turns spea$ing and to listen when someoneelse spea$s. Dvery family member should tal$ oneat a time without being interrupted. This way the

pace of the family conversation will be unhurriedand rela(edL the young stutterer will feel more atease and will find it easier to tal$.Eemember that your child who stutters shouldn’t

be given a special treatment. Stuttering is not ane(cuse to monopolie the conversation and allyour children whether fluent or not should ta$eturns spea$ing in the same way.Teach Your Children to *istenYou should teach your children 'including thosewho don’t stutter) to listen when someone spea$s.

This way your child who stutters will feel morerela(ed because he will be sure that the otherfamily members are listening to him. %e will alsolearn that spea$ing is not merely the act ofe(pelling words out of his body but rather aninteraction with other people.,on’t 3ill #n the lan$s#f your child bloc$s on a word& patiently wait thathe finishes saying the word. ,on’t say the wordfor him. ost stutterers hate it when their listenerstry to finish their sentences for them.

entine contactul viual<ncerca9i s4 men9in4 contactul viual natural cucopilul dumneavoastr4& atunci c8nd vorbesc cu el.2rin mentinerea contactului viual& va ar4tacopilului dumneavoastr4 c4 sunt asculta9i la el 5i teva a7uta sa devolte abilit49ile non0verbale decomunicare. >u uita departe atunci c8nd

blochea4 pe un cuv8nt.Sfaturi pentru a evita acordarea copilului tau

>u0i spune copilul dvs. pentru a ;6ncetini; sau ;s4ia o respira9ie profund4 5i 6ncepe din nou;. Acestesfaturi sunt pur 5i simplu inutil4 5i poate face doarel mai mult de auto0con5tient despre discursul s4u.<n general vorbind& ar trebui s4 evite interferea4direct cu discursul copilului. >u0l cere s4 repetefluent o propoi9ie pe care el blocat. Dl a avut de7aun timp de greu de spus sentin9a dat4 5i el ar fi6ntr0adev4r deran7at dac4 l0ai cerut s4 repete a

doua oar4. >u intrerupe copilului tau >u 6ntrerupe9i copilul 6n timp ce el vorbe5te.Asculta9i0l 5i las40l s4 termine ceea ce spune el arede spus 6nainte de a 6ncepe s4 vorbeasc4. 34c8ndastfel& copilul va 6n9elege c4 el are timp suficient 5ic4 nu este nevoie s4 se gr4beasc4 discursul s4u.2ute9i& de asemenea& ar trebui s4 educe copiii t4ialte lua transform4 vorbind 5i s4 asculte atuncic8nd cineva vorbe5te. 3iecare membru al familieiar trebui s4 vorbim o la un moment dat& f4r4 a fi

6ntrerupt. Acest mod de ritmul de conversa9iefamiliei va fi calm 5i rela(atL b8lb8it tineri se vorsim9i mai 6n largul lor 5i vor g4si mai u5or s4vorbeasc4.Aminti9i0v4 c4 copilul dumneavoastr4& care se

poticneste& nu ar trebui s4 se acorde un tratamentspecial. albism nu este o scu4 pentru amonopolia conversa9ia 5i tuturor copiilorindiferent dac4 fluent sau nu ar trebui s4 iatransform4 vorbind 6n acela5i mod.<nv49a9i0v4 copiii pentru a asculta

Tu ar trebui s4 6nve9e copiii 'inclusiv cei care nufac stutter)& s4 asculte atunci c8nd cineva vorbe5te.<n acest fel copilul tau se poticneste& care se vasimti mult mai rela(at& deoarece el va fi sigur c4ceilal9i membri ai familiei sunt asculta9i0l. Dl va6nv49a& de asemenea& c4 limba nu este doar actulde e(pulare cuvinte din trupul s4u& ci maidegrab4 o interac9iune cu alte persoane.

>u completati spatiile goale,ac4 copilul dumneavoastr4 blocuri pe un cuv8nt&a5teapt4 cu r4bdare c4 va termina spune cuv8ntul.

>u spune cuv8ntul pentru el. Cele mai multestutterers place c8nd ascult4torii lor 6ncearc4 s4termine D(emple lor pentru ei.



#f you ta$e the habit to fill in the blan$s for him&he will tend to spea$ faster in order to be able tofinish his sentence before you interfere with hisspeech. %e will feel stressed and this is li$ely toinduce /alsalva maneuvers and ma$e hisstuttering worse.,on’t Tell Your Child to Thin$ +hat %e +ants toSay efore %e Starts Spea$ing

>on0stutterers often have the impression thatstutterers don’t have a clear idea of what theywant to say or that they thin$ faster than theirspeech. >on0stutterers sometimes assume thatstutterers wouldn’t stutter if only they could ta$etheir time& sort out their thoughts& thin$ of howthey should e(press their ideas before starting tospea$.These assumptions are false. Stutterers usuallyclearly $now what they want to say and they

usually clearly $now what words they should useto e(press their idea. Stuttering can ma$e astutterer feel confused but stuttering is not caused

by mental confusion.#t is therefore useless to as$ your child to thin$what he wants to say before he starts spea$ing.+hat is more& if you do so& you will increase hisself0consciousness and this could in turn increasehis stuttering.Switch Gff the Eadio and Television during ealsA child who stutters will find it more difficult to

spea$ if he fears your attention will be distracted by the radio or the television. eals are probablyone of the best times for $ids to tal$ with their

parents and you should ma$e sure your attention isfully focused on what your child is saying.*ifestyleAs mentioned earlier& stutterers have Kbad days’and Kgood days’. Although nobody precisely$nows why some days are better than othersL itseems that it is more difficult to be fluent whenyou are sic$& tired andPor under pressure.

Stutterers are less li$ely to stutter if they gotenough sleep& are physically fit and rela(ed. Youcan therefore help your child have more Kgooddays’ by changing the lifestyle of the family:1) A fast0paced lifestyle could be detrimentalto your child’s speech and you might considerslowing down the family’s pace. This will helpyour child to rela( his /alsalva mechanism and tota$e his time when he spea$s.

,ac4 lua9i obiceiul de a umple spa9iile libere pentru el& el va tinde s4 vorbeasc4 mai repede& pentru a putea s4 termine tea lui 6nainte de ainterfera cu discursul s4u. Dl va simti stresat 5iacest lucru este posibil de a induce manevre/alsalva 5i face balbaiala lui mai r4u.

>u ii spuneti copilului de a g8ndi Ce Dl vrea s4spun4 6nainte de a 6ncepe /orbind

>on0stutterers au deseori impresia c4 stutterers nuau o idee clar4 a ceea ce vor s4 spun4 sau c4 eicred ca mai repede dec8t vorbirea lor. >on0stutterers& uneori& s4 presupunem c4 stutterers nuar b8lb8i numai dac4 acestea ar putea lua timpullor& 6n ordine g8ndurile lor& cred c4 de modul 6ncare acestea ar trebui s405i e(prime ideile 6naintede a 6ncepe s4 vorbeasc4.Aceste ipotee sunt false. Stutterers& de obicei& 5tiuclar ce vor s4 spun4 5i ei& de obicei& 5tiu 6n mod

clar ceea ce ei ar trebui s4 foloseasc4 cuvinte pentru a e(prima ideea lor. albism poate face un b8lb8it simti confu& dar balbism nu este cauat4de confuie mental4.2rin urmare& este inutil a cere copiluluidumneavoastr4 s4 cred c4 ceea ce vrea s4 spun46nainte de a 6ncepe s4 vorbeasc4. Ce este mai mult&dac4 face acest lucru& va cre5te lui con5tiin9a desine 5i acest lucru ar putea transforma in crestere

balbaiala lui.Gpri9i de radio 5i televiiune 6n timpul meselor

=n copil care se poticneste vor g4si mai greu s4vorbeasc4& dac4 se teme c4 aten9ia va fi distras deradio sau de televiiune. esele sunt& probabil&una dintre cele mai bune perioade pentru copii&

pentru a vorbi cu p4rin9ii lor 5i trebuie s4 v4asigura9i0v4 c4 aten9ia dumneavoastr4 este completconcentrat asupra a ceea ce copilul tau se spune.Stil de via94A5a cum am men9ionat mai devreme& stutterers au;ile rele Q5iQ ile bune;. ,esi nimeni nu stie de cetocmai cu c8teva ile sunt mai bune dec8t altele&

se pare c4 este mult mai dificil de a fi fluent&atunci c8nd sunt bolnav& obosit 5i P sau sub

presiune. Stutterers sunt mai pu9in probabil s4 se b8lb8ie 6n caul 6n care s0au dormit suficient& suntapt fiic 5i rela(at. /4 pute9i a7uta& prin urmare&copilul dumneavoastr4 ave9i mai multe de ile

bune de prin schimbarea stilului de via94 alfamiliei:1) =n stil de viata rapid0paced ar putea fi 6ndetrimentul discursul copilului si s0ar putea lua 6nconsiderare 6ncetinirea ritmului de familie. Acestlucru va a7uta copilul sa se rela(ee mecanism lui/alsalva 5i s4 ia timp sa atunci c8nd vorbe5te.



) a$e sure your child is not involved in toomany activities. Dlse he might not have enoughtime to rela( and to rest.B) You should also ma$e sure that your childgets enough sleep and goes to bed more or less atthe same time every night. Stutterers usually tendto stutter more when they are tired. #n fact& evennon0stutterers occasionally e(perience minordisfluencies when they are e(hausted. Are yousure you can intelligibly name your destinationto the ta(i driver after flying halfway around theworld-R) A healthy balanced diet might also helpyour child to be more fluent. Try to maintainconsistent times for brea$fast& lunch and dinner.,on’t let him eat 7un$ food between meals.) Gutdoor activities such as playing sports&swimming& cycling etc are also important. #t will

help him feel more rela(ed and this will improvehis fluency.H) a$e sure he drin$s enough fluid. Thehuman brain doesn’t wor$ too well whendehydrated.2raise your child2raise your child each time he does somethingwell. #t will increase his self confidence and this inturn will ma$e it easier for him to spea$ fluently.e careful not to praise your child when he isfluent as this would imply that stuttering is wrong.

%e would then try hard to avoid stuttering at allcost in order to please you and this might trigger a/alsalva maneuver.Teasing#f your child stutters& he will probably be teased

because of the unusual way he spea$s. Youshouldn’t worry too much about that: all childrenare teased for one reason or another. eing teasedis part of the process of growing up and learningsocial interactions. You were probably also teasedwhen you were a child and # bet you weren’t

durably traumatied by this unpleasante(perienceO

) Asigura9i0v4 c4 copilul dvs. nu este implicat 6n prea multe activit49i. Altfel el nu ar putea aveasuficient timp s4 se rela(ee 5i s4 se odihneasc4.B)& trebuie s4 v4 asigura9i c4& de asemenea& copiluldevine suficient de somn 5i se duce la culcare maimult sau mai pu9in acela5i timp& 6n fiecare noapte.Stutterers& de obicei& tind s4 se b8lb8ie mai multatunci c8nd sunt obosit. ,e fapt& chiar 5i non0stutterers ocaional disfluencies minore& atuncic8nd sunt epuiate. D5ti sigur c4 ave9i posibilitateas4 denumi9i comprehensibil destina9iela 5oferul de ta(i& dup4 care boar4 6n 7urul valoriide 7um4tate lumii-R) G dieta sanatoasa echilibrata s0ar putea a7uta& deasemenea& copilul dumneavoastr4 s4 fie maifluent. <ncerca9i s4 men9in4 ori mai consistente

pentru micul de7un& pr8n 5i cin4. >u0l l4sa s4m4n8nce 7un$ food intre mese.

) activit49i 6n aer liber& cum ar fi redarea de sport&inot& bicicleta etc sunt de asemenea importante.Aceasta va a7uta sa se simta mai rela(at si acestlucru va imbunatati fluenta lui.H) Asigura9i0v4 c4 el bea destul de lichid. Creieruluman nu functioneaa prea bine atunci c8nddeshidratat.*audati copilul tau*audati copilul de fiecare data cand face ceva

bine. Aceasta va spori 6ncrederea de sine 5i acestlucru r8ndul s4u& 6n va face mai u5or pentru el s4

vorbeasc4 fluent.Ave9i gri74 s4 nu laude copilul dvs. atunci c8nd eleste fluent& deoarece aceasta ar implica faptul c4Stuttering este gre5it. Dl va 6ncerca apoi din greu

pentru a evita balbism& la orice pre9& 6n scopul de av4 v4 rog& 5i acest lucru ar putea declan5a omanevr4 /alsalva.Tachinare<n caul 6n care copilul dumneavoastr4 se

poticneste& el va fi& probabil& tachinat din cauamod neobi5nuit el vorbe5te. >u trebuie s4 v4 face9i

gri7i prea mult despre faptul c4: to9i copiii sunttachinat pentru un motiv sau altul. 3iind tachinateste parte a procesului de cre5tere 5i de 6nv49areinterac9iuni sociale. Ai fost& probabil& deasemenea& atunci c8nd s0au tachinat un copil 5i2un pariu ca nu au fost durabil traumatiat deaceasta e(perienta neplacutaO



This said& if your child who stutters is teased byhis siblings& you should tal$ to them and gentlye(plain that they shouldn’t tease their brother orsister for the way he or she spea$s. D(plain tothem that he or she is a bit slow in learningspea$ing s$ills 7ust li$e other $ids are a bit slow tolearn other s$ills such as holding a spoon. +e allhave our wea$ areas.+ould they li$e to be teased because they are slowto learn to ride a bicycle or to properly hold a

baseball bat-#f your child tells you that he is being teased forhis stuttering by his school mates& you should tal$with him. D(plain to him that teasing is no bigdeal and is bound to happen anyway. Childrenwho don’t stutter are also teased for variousreasons: for being too fat or too thin& too short ortoo tall& for having a funny family name or for

being clumsy etcIive Your 3ull Attention to Your Child At *eastGnce a ,ayAt least once a day& you should try to ta$e sometime and tal$ with your child. You should find a

place where you $now you won’t be disturbed.a$e sure the radio& stereo and television areswitched off.aintain natural eye contact while you spea$ withhim. *et your child lead the conversation andma$e sure the conversation is unhurried and

rela(ed. 3ocus on what he says not how he says itand let him $now that he got the message across by commenting what he said or by using faciale(pressions. *et your child understand that youaccept him the way he is and that his stutteringwon’t prevent you from loving him.,on’t Show Your DmbarrassmentAvoid showing your embarrassment when yourchild bloc$s on a word. aintain natural eyecontact with him and try to remain rela(ed. 3ocuson what your child is saying not on how he says it.

2erhaps& you find your child’s stuttering terriblyembarrassing and might therefore find it difficultnot too show your embarrassment and concern. #fthis is the case& you should first try to change the

perception you have of your child’s stuttering.

Acestea fiind spuse& daca copilul tau se poticneste&care este tachinat de c4tre fra9ii s4i& trebuie s4discuta9i cu ei 5i u5or e(plic4 faptul c4 acestea nuar trebui s4 tachinee fratele sau sora lor& pentrumodul 6n care el sau ea vorbe5te. D(plica9i0le c4 elsau ea este un pic cam lent de 6nv49are 6n vorbirela fel ca 5i al9i copii sunt un pic cam lent pentru aafla alte aptitudini& cum ar fi care de9ine o lingura.Avem toate domeniile noastre slabe.*e0ar place sa fie tachinat& deoarece acestea suntlente s4 6nve9e la o plimbare cu bicicleta sau s4de9in4 6n mod corespun4tor o b8t4 de baseball-<n caul 6n care copilul dumneavoastr4 v4 spunec4 el este tachinat pentru stuttering sa de colegii de5coal4& ar trebui s4 vorbesc cu el. D(plica9i0i c4tachinarea nu este mare 5i este obligat4 s4 se6nt8mple oricum. Copiii care nu sunt& deasemenea& stutter tachinat din diverse motive:

pentru a fi prea gras sau prea slab& prea scurt sau prea 6nalt& pentru a avea un nume de familieamuant sau pentru a fi greoi& etc ...Acorda9i 6ntreaga aten9ie a Copilului cu cel pu9in odat4 pe iCel pu9in o dat4 pe i& ar trebui s4 6ncerca9i s4 iaceva timp 5i vorbesc cu copilul dumneavoastr4. Tuar trebui s4 g4seasc4 un loc unde stii ca nu va fideran7at. Asigura9i0v4 c4 de radio& stereo 5iteleviiune sunt oprite.entine contactul viual naturale 6n timp ce

vorbesc cu el. *4sa9i copilul s4 conduc4conversa9ia 5i asigura9i0v4 c4 conversa9ie estecalm 5i rela(at. Concentreaa0te pe ceea ce el nuspune cum el spune c4 5i las40l s4 5tie c4 el a

primit mesa7ul de coment8nd ceea ce a spus sau prin utiliarea de e(presii faciale. *asa copilul sainteleaga ca0l va accepta modul 6n care el este 5ifaptul c4 balbaiala lui& nu v4 va 6mpiedica s40liubesc.

>u Arat4 Uena dvs.Dvita9i arat4 7en4 atunci c8nd blocuri de copilul

dumneavoastr4 pe un cuv8nt. entine contactulviual cu el natural4 5i s4 6ncerce s4 r4m8n4rela(at. Concentreaa0te pe ceea ce copilul tau sespune& nu pe modul 6n care el spune.2oate& ve9i g4si copilul dumneavoastr4 este foarte

7enant stuttering0ar putea g4si 5i& prin urmare& estedificil& nu arata prea 7ena si preocupare. ,ac4acesta este caul& ar trebui s4 6ncerca9i mai 6nt8i

pentru a schimba percep9ia pe care o aveti balbaiala copilului dumneavoastr4.



*isten to other children and you will notice thatvirtually none of them are really fluent. *earningto spea$ is never easy and most childrene(perience some $ind of disfluencies. #n fact& mostadults also e(perience disfluencies once in awhile. As e(plained in e(ercise 1 0*isten toGthers& nobody on Darth is 1!!" fluent 1!!" ofthe time. Gnce you realie this fact& your

perception of your child’s difficulties will changeand it will be easier for you to remain calm andrela(ed when he happens to stutter.EeferencesC%D*A& Fristin A.& EDAE,G>& >ina& TheSchool0Age Child +ho Stutters: +or$ingeffectively with Attitudes and Dmotions&Stuttering 3oundation& !!1,D**& Carl +.& Treating the school0age child whostutters: a guide for clinicians& Stuttering

3oundation& !!!FD%GD& Thomas ,avid& Gvercoming Stutteringin H months& A multifactoral Iuide To SpeechTherapy& Casa 3utura Technologies& !!=EEAY& 3rederic$ 2.& A stutterer’s story&Stuttering 3oundation of America& !!1Stuttering 3oundation& #f your child stutters& aguide for parents& !!Stuttering 3oundation& Stuttering and your child&?uestions and answers& !!Stuttering 3oundation: Counseling those who

stutter& !!!Chapter B,irect Therapy#f your child is obviously not aware that hestutters& then it’s better not to mention stutteringwith him as it might ma$e him self consciousabout his speech impediments. You should try toindirectly alter the way he spea$s by following theadvices given in the previous chapter '#ndirectTherapy) and see$ the advice of a Speech*anguage 2athologist if you don’t notice any

improvements within a few wee$s time.Gn the other hand& if your child shows signs thathe is aware and concerned by his speechdifficulties& then #ndirect Therapy will not beenough. You should also find a way to openlyspea$ about his stuttering with him and implementa direct therapeutical approach. #t is also importantto openly tal$ about stuttering if your childaccidentally overheard a discussion about hisdisfluencies.

Asculta la al9i copii 5i ve9i observa c4 nici unuldintre ei practic sunt foarte fluent. <nv49area de avorbi nu este niciodata usor& iar ma7oritateacopiilor e(perimenta un fel de disfluencies. ,efapt& ma7oritatea adul9ilor de asemenea& e(perien94disfluencies o dat4 6ntr0un timp. A5a cum sae(plicat 6n e(erci9iu 10asculte pe ceilal9i& nimenide pe 2amant este de 1!!" fluent 1!!" din timp.Gdat4 ce a9i realia acest fapt& percep9ia dvs. dedificult49ile copilului dumneavoastr4 se vaschimba 5i va fi mai u5or pentru tine de a r4m8necalm 5i rela(at atunci c8nd se 6nt8mpl4 s4 se

b8lb8ie.EeferinteC%D*A& Fristin A.& Eeardon& >ina& pentru copiide v8rst4 5colar4: Cine se poticneste de lucrueficient& cu atitudinile 5i emo9iile& stuttering3unda9ia& !!1

,D**& Carl +.& tratarea copiilor de v8rst4 5colar4&care se poticneste: un ghid pentru clinicieni&stuttering 3unda9ia& !!!Fehoe& Thomas ,avid& Stuttering ,ep45irea 6n Hluni& un ghid multipli 2entru a *ogopedie& Casa3utura Technologies& !!urray& 3rederic$ 2.& povestea lui b8lb8it&3undatia stuttering ale Americii& !!13unda9ia stuttering& ,ac4 poticneste copilului& unghid pentru p4rin9i& !!3unda9ia sacadarea& murmura 5i copilul

dumneavoastr4& 6ntreb4ri 5i r4spunsuri& !!Stuttering 3undatia: Consiliere cei care stutter&!!!Capitolul B,irect Terapie<n caul 6n care copilul dumneavoastr4 nu este 6nmod evident con5tient de faptul c4 el se poticneste&atunci e mai bine s4 nu vorbim cu el& murmura cas0ar putea s40l fac4 con5tient de sine desprevorbire sale. Trebuie s4 6ncerca9i s4 modifice 6nmod indirect modul 6n care el vorbe5te& urm8nd

sfaturile date 6n capitolul precedent 'Terapieindirect4) 5i s4 solicite sfatul unui patolog *imbavorbire dac4 nu observa9i orice6mbun4t49iri 6ntr0un timp c8teva s4pt4m8ni.2e de alt4 parte& 6n caul 6n care copilul preintasemne c4 el este con5tient 5i interesat de dificult49ide vorbire sale& atunci indirect Terapia nu va fisuficient. 2ute9i& de asemenea& ar trebui s4g4seasc4 o modalitate de a vorbi deschis despre

balbaiala lui cu el 5i pune 6n aplicare o abordareterapeutic4 direct4. ,e asemenea& este importants4 se vorbeasc4 deschis despre balbism dac4copilul dumneavoastr4 auit accidental o discu9iedespre disfluencies sale.



#n many families& stuttering is a $ind of taboo thatnobody mentions. 2arents are often afraid tomention stuttering with their child because theyfear they might hurt his feelings and ma$e hisstuttering worse.Sure& it’s not easy to tal$ about stuttering with achild who stutters. ut it’s important that you finda way to do so& else your child will ?uic$ly havethe feeling that he is left alone desperately fightingwith stuttering. This chapter provides a few tipsthat will help you mention stuttering with yourchild.Stuttering #s *i$e a$ing ista$esD(plain to your child that it is perfectly normal toma$e mista$es when learning something new li$elearning to tal$& to hold a spoon or to ride a

bicycle. Speech is a complicated process involvinghundreds of muscles in various areas of the body

and it ta$es some time to learn to coordinate themall.D(plain to your child that it’s perfectly GF if heneeds a bit more time and efforts than otherchildren to learn to spea$. +e all have our wea$

points. You can point out to him that he was fasterthan other children to learn other s$ills such asriding a bicycle& swimming& reading& counting etc.a$e it plain to your child that it is perfectly GFto ma$e mista$es when he spea$s. #t will help himfeel more at ease with his stuttering and his

/alsalva mechanism will be less li$ely to tighten.Your Child is not Alone#f your child is aware of his stuttering& he probablythin$s he is the only child in the world who suffersfrom this condition. This wrong perception canma$e him feel desperate and it is important thatyou point out to him that many other childrenstutter.#t is widely estimated that 1" of the populationstutters. About one child out of twenty stutters atone time or another. Gf course& your child is

probably too young to understand statistics and percentages and you shoulde(plain that too him in words that he understands.#t can help to mention some other children he$nows and also have some disfluencies even ifthese disfluencies cannot be labeled as stuttering.

<n multe familii& balbaiala este un fel de tabu& pecare nimeni nu se men9ionea4. 2arintii suntadesea team4 s4 men9ione stuttering cu copilullor& deoarece ei se tem c4 ar putea r4nisentimentele sale 5i s4 balbaiala lui mai r4u.Sigur& nu este u5or s4 vorbesc despre balbism& cuun copil care se poticneste. ,ar este important s4g4si9i o modalitate de a face acest lucru& altfelcopilul va avea repede sentimentul c4 el este l4satsingur cu disperare lupta cu balbaiala. Acestcapitol ofer4 c8teva sfaturi care v4 vor a7uta s4men9ionei murmura cu copilul dumneavoastr4.Stuttering Dste ca face gre5eliD(plicati copilului dumneavoastr4 c4 este perfectnormal sa faca greseli atunci cand invata ceva nouca de 6nv49are pentru a vorbi& de a de9ine o lingur4sau la o plimbare cu bicicleta. ,iscursul este un

proces complicat care implica sute de mu5chi& 6n

diferite one ale corpului 5i este nevoie de cevatimp s4 6nve9e s4 le coordonee toate.D(plicati copilului dumneavoastr4 c4 este perfect6n regul4 dac4 el are nevoie de timp un pic maimult 5i eforturi dec8t al9i copii pentru a 6nv49a s4vorbeasc4. Avem toate punctele noastre slabe.2ute9i s4 atrag4 aten9ia c4 el a fost mai rapid dec8tal9i copii s4 6nve9e alte aptitudini& cum ar fi mersul

pe bicicleta& inot& citind& de num4rare& etc340l simplu pentru copilul dumneavoastr4 c4 este

perfect GF pentru a face gre5eli atunci c8nd

vorbe5te. Aceasta va a7uta s4 se simt4 mai 6n larguls4u 5i cu balbaiala lui /alsalva mecanism va fi mai pu9in probabil pentru a str8nge.Copilul dumneavoastr4 nu este singur <n caul 6n care copilul dumneavoastr4 estecon5tient de balbaiala lui& probabil crede c4 estesingurul copil din lume care sufer4 de aceast4condi9ie. Aceast4 percep9ie gre5it4 poate face sa sesimta disperat 5i este important ca tu s40lsubliniee faptul c4 multe alte copii b8lb8i.Dste unanim estimea4 c4 1" din popula9ie se

poticneste. ,espre un copil din dou4eci poticneste la un moment sau altul. ,esigur& copiluldumneavoastr4 este& probabil& prea tanar pentru aintelege statistici 5i procente 5i ar trebuie(plic4 faptul c4 prea0l 6n cuvintele pe care el o6n9elege. Aceasta poate a7uta s4 men9ion4m c8tevacopii de alte 5tie 5i s4 aib4& de asemenea& uneledisfluencies& chiar dac4 aceste disfluencies nu potfi etichetate ca stuttering.



Avoid Those Scary +ords+hen tal$ing with your child& you should avoidscary words such as Kstuttering’ or KSpeech*anguage Therapist’. You should instead usechildish terms such as Kbumpy speech’ and youcan refer to the S*2 by his first name.Ac$nowledge Your Child’s Stuttering#f you repeatedly pretend that nothing ishappening when your child severely bloc$s on aword& he might end up with the impression that hisstuttering is something to shameful to mention.You should once in a while ac$nowledge yourchild’s difficulties by saying something li$e:@IeeO This word is not easy to sayO # also haddifficulties saying this $ind of word when # wasyour age. You can comment further and e(plainto him that saying this type of word will get a loteasier as he grows up.

You can also point out to him that even adultshave problem saying words once in a while.2lay with StutteringYour child who stutters probably perceivesstuttering as something scary and shameful.ecause of these negative perceptions& he feelsworried whenever he opens his mouth and spea$s.%e tends to tense his /alsalva mechanism and thisma$es stuttering more li$ely to occur.You can change his perceptions by turningstuttering into a game. This will desensitie him

and he won’t fear stuttering anymore. #f he doesn’tfear stuttering& his /alsalva mechanism will bemore rela(ed and he will hence be less li$ely tostutter.Turning stuttering into a game might not seemeasy at first. You should of course proceed verycautiously and ma$e sure your child is ready to

play with stuttering. #f you notice that he isreluctant& ta$e your time and postpone the attemptif necessary.

The first step is to ac$nowledge your child’sstuttering as e(plained inthe previous section. Gnce you are sure& your childis comfortable with the way you ac$nowledge hisstuttering& wait for the ne(t time he bloc$s on aword and as$ him to teach you how to stutter onthat word.

Dvita9i aceste cuvinte ScaryC8nd vorbesc cu copilul dumneavoastr4& ar trebuis4 evite cuvinte infricosatoare& cum ar fi;balbaiala; sau ;*imba logoped;. Ar trebui s4folosi9i 6n schimb termeni copil4re5ti& cum ar fi;discursul accidentat;& si se poate referi la 2S* denumele lui.Cunoasteti Stuttering copilului tau,ac4 pretinde 6n mod repetat& c4 nimic nu seintampla atunci cand copilul tau grav blocuri peun cuv8nt& el s0ar putea termina cu impresia c4

balbaiala lui este ceva ru5inos s4 men9ione.Tu ar trebui s4 o dat4 6ntr0un timp confirmadificult49ile copilului tau spunand ceva de genul:;IeeO Acest cuv8nt nu este u5or de spusO Am avut&de asemeneadificult49i spun acest tip de cuv8nt atunci c8nderam de v8rsta ta ;. 2ute9i comenta 6n continuare 5i

s40l e(plice c4 spune acest tip de cuv8nt va ob9ineo mult mai u5or ca el creste.2ute9i de asemenea s4 subliniee c4 pentru el chiar 5i adul9ii au probleme cuvinte spun o dat4 6ntr0untimp.Uoaca0te cu stutteringCopilul tau se poticneste& care& probabil& balbism

percepe ca pe ceva 6nfrico54tor 5i ru5inos. ,incaua acestor percep9ii negative& el se simte6ngri7orat ori de c8te ori deschide gura 5i vorbe5te.Dl tinde s4 tensionate mecanism lui /alsalva 5i

acest lucru face balbism mult mai probabil s4apar4.2ute9i schimba percep9iile sale de c4tretransformarea 6ntr0un 7oc de balbism. Acest lucru6l va desensibilia 5i el nu se va teme maistuttering. ,ac4 el nu se teme de balbism&mecanismul lui /alsalva va fi mult mai rela(at 5iel va fi& prin urmare& mai pu9in probabil s4 se

b8lb8ie.Transformarea Stuttering 6ntr0un 7oc care nu s0ar

putea p4rea u5or la 6nceput. Tu ar trebui s4

procedee& desigur& cu foarte mare precau9ie 5iasigura9i0v4 c4 copilul dumneavoastr4 este gata s4se 7oace cu balbaiala. ,ac4 observa9i c4 el estereticent& ia0ti timp si am8na 6ncercarea& dac4 estenecesar.2rimul pas este s4 recunoasc4 copiluldumneavoastr4 stuttering cum sa e(plicat 6nsec9iunea precedent4. Gdat4 ce sunte9i sigur&copilul dumneavoastra este confortabil cu modul6n care recunosc balbaiala lui& a5tepta9i pentru dataviitoare c8nd blocuri de la un cuv8nt 5i s40l 6ntrebide a v4 6nv49a cum s4 nedeslu5it& pe acest cuv8nt.



3or e(ample& you can say something such as:@%eyO # li$e the way you bumped on that word.*et me try to bump the same way you did.3a$ing stuttering is not that easy and maybe yourchild will laugh at you because you didn’t bumpas well as he did. Anyway& ma$e sure he en7oysthe game. The goal is to turn stuttering intosomething funny and en7oyable.You can also have your child have fun stutteringon purpose or e(periment new funny ways ofstuttering. This will help him get in control of hisspeech.+hat to D(pect-y practicing the direct therapy described in thischapter& your child will feel more rela(ed and lessself conscious and his fluency should graduallyimprove. #f& however you don’t notice substantialimprovements within a few wee$s& you should

immediately meet with a Speech *anguageTherapist. ,on’t waitL the longer you wait& themore difficult it will be to eliminate stuttering.EeferencesC%D*A& Fristin A.& EDAE,G>& >ina& TheSchool0Age Child +ho Stutters: +or$ingeffectively with Attitudes and Dmotions&Stuttering 3oundation& !!1,D**& Carl +.& Treating the school0age child whostutters: a guide for clinicians& Stuttering3oundation& !!!

FD%GD& Thomas ,avid& Gvercoming Stutteringin H months& A multifactoral Iuide To SpeechTherapy& Casa 3utura Technologies& !!Stuttering 3oundation& #f your child stutters& aguide for parents& !!Stuttering 3oundation& Stuttering and your child&?uestions and answers& !!Stuttering 3oundation& The child who stutters: tothe pediatrician& 1JJ1Stuttering 3oundation& The child who stutters: tothe family physician& 1JJ

,e e(emplu& v4 pot spune ceva& cum ar fi:;%eiO <mi place felul 6n care sa lovit pe acelcuv8nt. *as40m4 s4 6ncerc s4 scapam de acela5i felai facut .... ;2reface c4 nu este balbaiala. =5or 5i poate copilultau va rade de tine& deoarece tu nu scapam&

precum 5i a f4cut Gricum& asigura9i0v4 c4 el se bucur4 de 7oc. Scopul este de a transforma 6n cevaamuant stuttering 5i pl4cut4.2ute9i avea& de asemenea& copilul s0au distractivstuttering pe scopul sau e(perimenta noi metodeamuante de balbism. Acest lucru va a7uta0l sa 6ncontrolul de discursul s4u.Ce sa va asteptati-2rin practicarea terapiei direct4 descris4 6n acestcapitol& copilul tau va simti mult mai rela(at 5imai pu9in con5tient de sine si fluenta lui ar trebuis4 6mbun4t49easc4 treptat. ,ac4& totu5i nu se

observa 6mbun4t49iri substan9iale 6n c8tevas4pt4m8ni& ar trebui s4 6ndeplineasc4 imediat cuun terapeut *imba vorbire. >u a5tepta9i& v4 maia5tepta9i& mai dificil va fi pentru a eliminastuttering.EeferinteC%D*A& Fristin A.& Eeardon& >ina& pentru copiide v8rst4 5colar4: Cine se poticneste de lucrueficient& cu atitudinile 5i emo9iile& stuttering3unda9ia& !!1,D**& Carl +.& tratarea copiilor de v8rst4 5colar4&

care se poticneste: un ghid pentru clinicieni&stuttering 3unda9ia& !!!Fehoe& Thomas ,avid& Stuttering ,ep45irea 6n Hluni& un ghid multipli 2entru a *ogopedie& Casa3utura Technologies& !!3unda9ia stuttering& ,ac4 poticneste copilului& unghid pentru p4rin9i& !!3unda9ia sacadarea& murmura 5i copiluldumneavoastr4& 6ntreb4ri 5i r4spunsuri& !!Stuttering 3oundation& copilul care se poticneste:la pediatru& 1JJ1

Stuttering 3oundation& copilul care se poticneste:la medicul de familie& 1JJ

comprehensive_stuttering_therapy cap pt copii engl romana

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