Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org For more information see www.proqol.org

Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue

Or What the $%#& was I thinking Marynne Aaronson

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Vocabulary

Compassion Satisfaction Positive aspects of working as a helper

Compassion Fatigue Negative aspects of working as a helper

Burnout Inefficacy and feeling overwhelmed

Work-related traumatic stress Primary traumatic stress direct target of event Secondary traumatic exposure to event due to a

relationship with the primary person

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Professional Quality of Life

Compassion Satisfaction The positive aspects

of helping The good stuff

Compassion Fatigue The negative aspects of

helping The bad stuff

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

CS-CF Model

Professional Quality of Life

Compassion Satisfaction

Compassion Fatigue

Burnout Secondary Trauma

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Compassion Satisfaction

The positive aspects of helping Pleasure and satisfaction derived from working in

helping, care giving systems May e related to

Providing care To the system Work with colleagues Beliefs about self Altruism

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Compassion Fatigue

The negative aspects of helping The negative aspects of working in helping

systems may be related to Providing care To the system Work with colleagues Beliefs about self

Burnout Work-related trauma

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Burnout and STS: Co Travelers

Burnout Work-related hopelessness and feelings of

inefficacy STS

Work-related secondary exposure to extremely or traumatically stressful events

Both share negative affect Burnout is about being worn out STS is about being afraid

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL). www.proqol.org. This test may be freely copied as long as (a) author is credited, (b) no changes are made without author authorization, and (c) it is not sold.

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Relationships Are Complex

Multiple spheres Work environment People helped environment Personal environment

Positive (CS) & negative (CF) Altruism CS can override CF Compassion Fatigue two parts

Worn out (BO) common Frightened, traumatized (STS) rarer but powerful

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Complex Relationships

Professional Quality of Life

Compassion Fatigue

Compassion Satisfaction (ProQOL CS)

Work Environment

Client Environment

Personal Environment

Traumatized by work

Secondary Exposure

(ProQOL STS)

Primary Exposure

Frustration Anger

Exhaustion Depressed by Work

Environment (ProQOL Burnout)

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

People Bring Themselves

Suicide Prevention workers include people with all types of education, training and income

Some workers bring with them histories of difficult lives that may include trauma

Some people have difficult family, economic, or other personal situations

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

People Bring Themselves

People bring a past and a present to anything they do Their schemas and beliefs Their stigma beliefs Their social support systems

Positive support Negative support

Their history of trauma and illness Their families and close others Their economic situation

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Interpreting Scores

Scores on individual scales tell us about a persons responses on each of the constructs

Viewing the combination of scores helps us paint a picture of what the person is telling us

Can be used to track an individuals CS and CF

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Little Switch

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

What is Resilience

Resilience is the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, threats or significant stress.

It is ordinary, not extraordinary Does not mean that you do not experience emotional distress Developing resilience is likely to involve considerable emotional distress

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

What is Resilience

Resilience is not something you do or do not have.

It involves behaviors, thoughts and actions that can be learned and developed by anyone.

(APA Help Center)

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Characteristics of Resilient People

Understand that set backs are a part of life Have an internal locus of control Strong problem solving skills Strong social connections See themselves as survivors not victim Able to ask for help

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Factors in Resilience

A combination of factors contributes to resilience. Many studies show that the primary factor in resilience is having caring and supportive relationships within and outside the family. Relationships that create love and trust, provide role models and offer encouragement and reassurance help bolster a person's resilience.

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Several additional factors are

The capacity to make realistic plans and take steps to carry them out.

A positive view of yourself and confidence in your strengths and abilities.

Skills in communication and problem solving. The capacity to manage strong feelings and impulses. All of these are factors that people can develop in

themselves.

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Strategies

Make Connections Avoid seeing crises as insurmountable

problems Accept that change is a part of living Move toward your goals Take Decisive action Look for opportunities for Self Discovery

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Strategies

Build positive beliefs about yourself and abilities

Keep things in perspective Maintain a hopeful outlook Take care of yourself Make everyday meaningful Learn from experience Find a sense of purpose in your life

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Staying Flexible

Letting yourself experience strong emotions, and also realizing when you may need to avoid experiencing them at times in order to continue functioning.

Stepping forward and taking action to deal with your problems and meet the demands of daily living, and also stepping back to rest and reenergize yourself.

Spending time with loved ones to gain support and encouragement, and also nurturing yourself.

Relying on others, and also relying on yourself.

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Resiliency Planning

Individual, personally The ProQOL can help you plan where to put your

energy to increase our resilience Organizational planning

Can help organizations find ways to maximize the positive aspects and reduce the negative aspects of helping

Supportive Supervision The ProQOL can be used as information for

discussions

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

WWW.PROQOL.ORG For More Information:

Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org Beth Hudnall Stamm, 2009. www.ProQOL.org

Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion FatigueVocabularyProfessional Quality of LifeCS-CF ModelCompassion SatisfactionCompassion FatigueBurnout and STS: Co TravelersRelationships Are ComplexComplex RelationshipsPeople Bring ThemselvesPeople Bring ThemselvesInterpreting ScoresLittle SwitchWhat is ResilienceWhat is ResilienceCharacteristics of Resilient PeopleFactors in ResilienceSeveral additional factors areStrategiesStrategiesStaying FlexibleResiliency Planningwww.proqol.orgSlide Number 24