community led watershed management and water conservation ... pradesh presentation of... · jal...
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Community Led
Watershed Management
And
Water Conservation Campaign
In Madhya Pradesh - India
Water Crises In M.P - India : Fact File ….
• Geographical Area - 308,000 Sq. kms
• Total Population - 60 million
• Total Rural population - 44 million
• Around 19 % area is wasteland
• Predominance of rainfed agriculture
• Agricultural production affected by perpetual drought
• Ground water exploited excessively
• Agriculture based Economy
Mission For Watershed
Management
Partcipatory Watershed
Management
Programme Under
Centrally Sponsored
DPAP, EAS, IWDP
Jal Abhishek Campaign
Community Led
Campaign For Water
Conservation
Response By
Government Of Madhya Pradesh
Mission Mode For Inter-Sectoral And Collective Action
Multifaceted Institutional Arrangements at Different Level
Participatory Planning, Implementation And Maintenance
Harnessing All Available Techno-scientific Resources
Preference To Local Low Cost Methods And Materials Based On
Indigenous Technical Know-how
Regular Quality Monitoring and evaluation
Social Audit
Due Consideration For Aspirations Of Resource Poor By Ensuring
Sharing Of CPR
KEY F
EA
TU
RES O
F
GO
OD
PR
AC
TIC
ES
Mission Mode For Inter-Sectoral And Collective Action
....
• Registered as society under the aegis Panchayat
& Rural Development Department
• General Body chaired by HCM
• Executive Committee chaired by Chief Secretary
• GB and EC has representation of various line
departments to ensure inter-sectoral and
collective action
• Full time Director for mission
• Dedicated and full time team of professionals at
state level
Multifaceted Institutional Arrangements at Different
Level ....
• District Level Technical Committee chaired by
Collector
• District Watershed Cell
• NGOs and Corporate Sector as PIA
• Full time Watershed Development Teams have
been appointed by appointing various subject
matter specialist on contract through open
competition
• Community workers like jal mitra, samooh mitra
etc. have been appointed on contract at village
level
Perspective plan for watershed development projects
.....
• To select and treat an area on priority basis
• Prioritisation of watersheds has been done by
SLUSI
• Preparation of Drainage map
• Delineation of Micro-watersheds (500-1000 ha)
• Codification of micro-watersheds
• Prioritisation of microwatersheds based on
sediment yield index and landuse/land cover
Participatory Planning, Implementation And
Maintenance ....
• Premised on the philosophy of logical frame work analysis
• PRA and net planning
• Water budgeting Setting up long term vision/goal for watershed projects
• Defining the socio-economic & physical objectives/outcomes to be attained
• Assessment of the impact against set objectives & outcomes
• Village watershed committee provide assistance to Gram Panchayat. This committee has representation of UGs and SHGs
• WPF and WDF accounts are jointly operated by Village watershed committee and Gram Panchayat
• Wage Ppayment through Bank A/C
• Provision of convergence
• Provision of MoU for maintenance of assets and distribution of benefits between VWC, GP and UG
Quick Social Assessment Of The Work Through Visual Stock Taking By The Community
Validation Of The Previous Work
Identification Of The Gaps
Reworking The Plan And Future Action Accordingly
Monitoring and evaluation ....
Social Audit : Nirakh Parakh
District Quality Monitoring (DQM)
• Period: Atleast 06 months
• Done by Partner NGOs/Water
Expert Group Constituted at Distt.
level
• Based on Prescribed Eval.
Indicators
State Quality Monitoring (SQM):
• Period: Atleast 06 months
• Done by Panel of NGOs/Individuals Constituted at State
level
• Based on Prescribed Eval. Indicators
Case Study of Sohanpur Watershed, Block
Begamganj, District Raisen
• Batch - DPAP - VIth Batch
• Area selected for treatment - 5533 ha.
• Covered Villages - 15
• Total population - 6367
• SC-1396
• ST - 622
Community Organisation
• Awareness campaign, health camps etc.
• Number of watershed committee - 15
• Total member in WC - 174
• Male member in WC - 124
• Female in WC - 50
• User Groups - 69
• Self Help Groups - 41 with 508 members
• Women Thrift and Credit Groups - 50 with 608
members
Implementation Mechanism and Works Taken up
• Implementation mechanism - as per GoI guidelines
• Works taken up (Rs. in lakh)
No. Name of Work Quantity Amount
1 Field Bunds (RM) 35934 5.44
2 Contineous Bunding (RM) 17964 1.20
3 Boulder Check 849 9.58
4 Tank 68 107.28
5 Farm Pond 21 9.33
6 Stop Dam 21 23.99
7 Rock Fill Dam 2 3.17
8 Sanchi Structure 3 0.52
9 Well construction 1 1.11
10 Repair of old well 6 1.10
11 Bori Bandhan 39 0.42
12 Soak pit 229 0.13
13 Vermi Compost 73 1.73
14 Nadep Compost 5 0.03
15 Plantation 128215 3.00
16 Assistance given to SHG 14 1.80
Impact • Reduction in migration
• Ground water recharge
– Total no. of wells - 599
– Water available round the year (PrP) - 23
– Water available round the year (PtP) - 380
23 30
124
298
380
0
100
200
300
400
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Impact
• Irrigated area
– PrP irrigated area - 362 ha.
– PtP irrigated area - 1760 ha.
362 410
14501600
1760
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Impact
• Double crop area
– PrP double crop area - 362 ha.
– PtP double crop area - 1680 ha.
Impact
• Convergence
– Khamkheda village - Use of bio fertilizer
– Dewlapur village - Nirmal Gram
– Nursery development for Jatropha plantation
– 2 SHGs linked with SGSY
JAL ABHISHEK CAMPAIGN
"A PEOPLE'S MOVEMENT FOR WATER CONSERVATION"
• Chief Minister’s directive to implement a community driven water conservation
campaign
• Water conservation campaign known as
"Jal Abhishek Campaign" launched on 2nd
April 2006
• community has taken the charge and
government is facilitating.
• Extensive awareness creation programmes
have been organised
• village level institutional framework has
been established to provide leadership
• facilitating institutional mechanism of
government has been established
JAL ABHISHEK CAMPAIGN
"A PEOPLE'S MOVEMENT FOR WATER CONSERVATION"
• Following water conservation activities have been
planned and executed :
Renovation of already existing water conservation
structures/sources
Construction of irrigation tank by individual farmers
on their private lands though own investment
Construction of new water conservation structures
(like stop dams, tanks, nullah bundings and
indigenous structures such as minor dams, Bori
bunding etc on priority) as per requirement of the
rural community.
Implementation of comprehensive action plan for
river revival
JAL ABHISHEK CAMPAIGN
"A PEOPLE'S MOVEMENT FOR WATER CONSERVATION"
• Encouraging villagers to undertake water conservation
activities in their own fields by Do-It-Yourself mode
• Convergence of financial resources available under various
government departments and contribution from local people.
• Groups of stakeholders have been formed for distribution,
utilisation and management of water through created
structures.
• Coordination with individuals and non-governmental/voluntary
institutions
• Locally available indigenous/traditional knowledge and
experiences have been considered
• Coordination with banks and financial institutions
• Making inventory of water sources and
preparing the annual budget of water.
• Preparation and approval of Action Plan
for water conservation activities
• Implementing efficiently the activities
included in the Action Plan
• Mobilizing public support and utilization
of Panchayat level funds on priority for
implementation of water conservation
activities.
Peoples Campaign …
“Reva Sagar”
A People’s movement………
Of the People……. For the People….
By the People…..
B h a g i r a t h K r i s h a k A b h i y a n
Pre-Campaign realities
• 80% of Irrigation by tube wells,
• Big Farmers own 60% tube wells
• Crop intensity is 125% against the potential
of 190% +
• Two of the six Blocks are Grey
• Irrigated area is shrinking since past 10-15
years
• Water level Depleted to 300-1000 ft
Distribution of 6 CD Blocks of Dewas District
Sehore
Ujjain
Indore
West Nimar
East Nimar
Harda
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Year
Ra
infa
ll (
mm
)
Status of Rainfall (Average 897.49 mm)
Average Rainfall of Dewas District
Dewas is receiving more or less average Rainfall
Economics of Water
• Ensures double crop, provides multiple
livelihood options
• Tube-well irrigation – a costly affair, high risk,
uncertainty of water availability and its
adequacy.
• Availability of surface water reduce cost of
cultivation and electricity
• A surface water source constructed in 5-10%
area irrigates rest of the land holding
Reva Sagar Bhagirath Krishak Abhiyan
• Construction of irrigation tanks by farmers with their
own investment, on their own land, for their
Economic Development
• Irrigation tanks - ‘REVA SAGAR’
• The farmer is known as ‘BHAGIRATH KRISHAK’
A Strategic move Role Model theory was adopted
Orientation regarding water economics
Using Comparative analysis, Demonstration of the rationale of
perspective investment
‘Bagirath Master Trainers,’ a group of motivators were involved as Role Models
Various water –related Groups, APMCs, Co-operative Societies, Kisan
Clubs were Trained
Active involvement of Local NGOs were encouraged
Strategically farmers were ‘organised’ by internalizing CBA of water as a resource
Emphasis on ‘water as a critical input’
Questions Answers
How much land do you own? 5 Acres, 10 Acres, 20 Acres
What is the proportion of irrigated Land? Mainly un-irrigated
What are the sources of irrigation? Rains, Tube-well and Open Wells
How many Tube/Open well do You have? 1, 2, 4 6, & 10
What is your investment on these
sources
Rs. 40 thousand to Rs. 1 lakhs, 2
Lakhs, 4 Lakhs
What are your sources of investment Own investment, Money Lender
and Bank
Did you get any assistance from
government?
No
Reva Sagar: Situational Analysis
Questions Answers Inspite of such large investment, are you
getting enough water for irrigation?
No, water is not available round the
year.
In your opinion, What is the Present cost
of your land?
Rs.0.50-1 Lakhs for dry land and
Rs.3-4 Lakhs for irrigated land per
hectare
What is the status of availability of
fodder in summer season?
Not available
Pre-Reva Sagar: Baseline Indicators
Declaration Form
CBA of Reva Sagar
• 8-10 ft deep X 1 Ha. Reva Sagar irrigates 8-
10 Ha. (an increase of 10 times)
• Envisaged increase of crop intensity from
125% to 190%+ (from mono crop to double
crop)
• Increase in Productivity 100-300%
• Electricity consumption reduced to 10-20 %
… Contd
CBA of Reva Sagar • Ensures sustainable Fodder availability
• Incremental income though multiple livelihood
options
• Recoupment of investment within one or two
years
Contd…
Impacts ... (District Dewas)
• Construction of 4000 Irrigation tanks.
• Water table rise-up to 6- 40 feet
• Irrigation potential generated- 40,000 ha.
• Beneficiary investment :- 150-200 crores
• Checking of Soil loss.
• Bacterial life of Soil regenerated.
Glimpses of
Bhagirath Krishak
Abhiyan
Glimpses of
Bhagirath Krishak
Abhiyan
Received
“Rashtriya
Bhoojal Puruskar” in consecutive
three years
Glimpses of Bhagirath Krishak
Abhiyan
Success Stories …
• Multanpura in Mandsaur district was facing acute shortage of drinking water
• Community decided to repair and raise the height of a old stop dam on Bulalia
nullah, about two kilometer from the village
• Rs. 0.29 million was provided by village panchayat and Rs. 0.1 million contributed
by community
• Renovated stop dam recharged about 400 wells and tube wells
• The villagers were apprised of the
benefits of Bori bunds and their low cost and advised to donate labour and
money for this work.
• Each Bori bund cost about Rs. 1500 to 2000.
• Rs. 1.6 million was invested for construction of 1363 Bori bunds.
• Rs. 0.3 million was mobilized by public contribution.
• 222 hectare was irrigated by checking water in the Bori bunds, which led to
increase in farm production by 5550 quintal, the market value of which is
about Rs. 4.7 million
Success Stories … • Guna district witnessed successful
completion of different structures and Bori
bunding (Empty cement bags filled with
impervious soil)
• The people of village Barlai in Neemuch district have set a worth emulating
example by constructing private ponds under Jal Abhishek Campaign.
• 61 farm ponds having water holding capacity of 48190.81 cubic meter were
constructed at a cost of Rs. 22.04 million
• irrigation facility has increased by 20 percent after construction of farm
ponds
Success Stories …
Peedi Jal Samwad – From Raj to Samaj
• Open discussion of old generation and youth of village
community. Agenda of Gram Sabha
• Availability of water w.r.t. time line
• Change in water use
• Renovation of old structure
• Construction of new structure
• Recommendation to Gram Panchayat
• Motivating Farmers for Private Investment