community hospital of lancaster no embed · •local amish •horse stable area •“buggy only”...

April 19, 2004April 19, 2004

Community HospitalCommunity Hospitalof Lancasterof Lancaster

Robert J. EganRobert J. EganMechanical EmphasisMechanical Emphasis

Spring 2004Spring 2004Robert J. EganRobert J. Egan

Penn State UniversityPenn State University

Community Hospital of LancasterCommunity Hospital of Lancaster

Warwick, PAWarwick, PA

April 19, 2004April 19, 2004

Mechanical OptionMechanical Option

Robert J. EganRobert J. Egan




April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


ContentsContents

•• Project InformationProject Information•• Project TeamProject Team•• Existing Conditions Existing Conditions

as Designedas Designed•• Thesis GoalsThesis Goals•• Mechanical DepthMechanical Depth•• BreadthBreadth

•• ElectricalElectrical•• StructuralStructural





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


ContentsContents

•• Additional Additional ConsiderationsConsiderations

•• ConclusionsConclusions•• AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments•• Questions?Questions?





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


Project InformationProject Information

•• Campus Healthcare Campus Healthcare FacilityFacility•• 114,000 Sq. Ft114,000 Sq. Ft•• 3 Story, multi3 Story, multi--tier tier •• 43 Acre parcel of land43 Acre parcel of land•• Warwick Township, Warwick Township,

PAPA•• Plans for future Plans for future

expansionexpansion•• Two (2) 20,000 sq. ft Two (2) 20,000 sq. ft

Medical Office Medical Office BuildingsBuildings





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• Purpose for Purpose for ConstructionConstruction•• Replacement FacilityReplacement Facility

•• Aging CHOL in Aging CHOL in Lancaster CityLancaster City





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• Construction Construction EnvironmentEnvironment•• Land was used for Land was used for

farming and farming and agricultureagriculture

•• In line with landing In line with landing strip of Lancaster strip of Lancaster Regional AirportRegional Airport





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• FunctionFunction•• MRIMRI•• RadiologyRadiology•• PharmacyPharmacy•• CardiologyCardiology•• Neonatal CareNeonatal Care

•• Woman’s CentreWoman’s Centre•• Emergency DepartmentEmergency Department•• Intensive CareIntensive Care•• OperationOperation•• IsolationIsolation•• LongLong--term interm in--PatientPatient

•• Private, SemiPrivate, Semi--PrivatePrivate





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


ProjectProjectProject InformationProject Information

•• Additional FunctionAdditional Function•• AdministrativeAdministrative•• ConferenceConference•• Class RoomsClass Rooms•• FinancialFinancial





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• Owner: Owner: •• Health Management Health Management

AssociatesAssociates•• Architect: Architect:

•• HelmenHelmen Hurley Hurley CharvatCharvatPeacock (HHCP)Peacock (HHCP)

•• EngineersEngineers•• MEPFP MEPFP -- GRG Consulting GRG Consulting

EngineersEngineers•• Structural Structural -- Stanley D. Stanley D.

Lindsey & AssociatesLindsey & Associates•• Primary Contractor Primary Contractor --Turner Turner

Construction CompanyConstruction Company

ProjectProjectProject TeamProject Team





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


Project TeamProject Team

•• Landscape Architect:Landscape Architect:•• ECOS Environmental ECOS Environmental

Design, Inc.Design, Inc.•• Civil Engineer:Civil Engineer:

•• RettewRettew Associates, IncAssociates, Inc





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


Existing ConditionsExisting Conditions

•• ArchitecturalArchitectural•• FacadeFacade

•• Red brickRed brick•• Reflective glass glazingReflective glass glazing

•• Woman’s CentreWoman’s Centre•• Attached structureAttached structure

•• Special FeaturesSpecial Features•• HelipadHelipad•• Local AmishLocal Amish

•• Horse stable areaHorse stable area•• “Buggy Only” parking“Buggy Only” parking





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• ElectricalElectrical•• Two Main PanelsTwo Main Panels

•• HospitalHospital•• 4000A 480Y/277 34000A 480Y/277 3øø

•• Central Energy PlantCentral Energy Plant•• 3000A 480Y/277 33000A 480Y/277 3øø

•• Emergency PowerEmergency Power•• Diesel GeneratorDiesel Generator

•• 1250kW/1562kVA1250kW/1562kVA





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• StructuralStructural•• Rigid Frame ConstructionRigid Frame Construction•• FoundationFoundation

•• 8 inch slab on grade8 inch slab on grade•• Steel structural columns Steel structural columns

with concrete footingswith concrete footings•• Wide flange beams, Wide flange beams,

girdersgirders•• FloorsFloors

•• 5 ¼ in. lightweight 5 ¼ in. lightweight concrete slab on concrete slab on composite metal deckcomposite metal deck

•• FenestrationFenestration•• Curtain wall tied into steel Curtain wall tied into steel

framingframing





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• MechanicalMechanical•• Central Energy PlantCentral Energy Plant

•• Two (2) 450 Ton Two (2) 450 Ton centrifugal chillerscentrifugal chillers

•• Two (2) 450 Ton open Two (2) 450 Ton open cell cooling towerscell cooling towers

•• 300 Ton plate frame 300 Ton plate frame heat exchangerheat exchanger

•• WaterWater--side side economizereconomizer

•• Two (2) 300 HP gas / Two (2) 300 HP gas / oil fired boilersoil fired boilers





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• Twelve (12) chilled Twelve (12) chilled water cooled water cooled RTUsRTUs

•• Six (6) chilled water Six (6) chilled water cooled cooled AHUsAHUs

•• AHU 5 100% O.A.AHU 5 100% O.A.•• No energy recoveryNo energy recovery•• 22ndnd & 3& 3rdrd floor patient floor patient

roomsrooms•• 44--pipe fan coil units in pipe fan coil units in

roomsrooms•• Toilet air ducted to roof Toilet air ducted to roof

exhaust fanexhaust fan





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• Mechanical Systems Mechanical Systems Design ConditionsDesign Conditions•• Summer Summer

•• 92°F DB 92°F DB –– 74°F WB74°F WB•• ASHRAE HandbookASHRAE Handbook

•• WinterWinter•• 2929°F°F

•• Room Set PointRoom Set Point•• Cooling Cooling –– 7575•• Heating Heating –– 7070•• 3°F range3°F range

Design ConditionsDesign Conditions





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


Redesign ScopeRedesign Scope

•• MechanicalMechanical•• AHU 5, 100% O.A.AHU 5, 100% O.A.•• SW wing, 2SW wing, 2ndnd & 3& 3rdrd

•• Patient RoomsPatient Rooms•• 60 Rooms (20,000 ft60 Rooms (20,000 ft22))•• Fan coil unitsFan coil units

•• Not including Not including isolation roomsisolation rooms

•• No ducted returnNo ducted return





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


RedesignRedesign

•• ElectricalElectrical•• Panel load analysis Panel load analysis

before and after before and after Mechanical RedesignMechanical Redesign

•• StructuralStructural•• Beam Analysis for new Beam Analysis for new

WSHPWSHP•• Typical floor bay, Typical floor bay,

composite redesigncomposite redesign

Redesign ScopeRedesign Scope





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


RedesignRedesign

•• MechanicalMechanical•• Utilize TER and GCHP Utilize TER and GCHP

to:to:•• Reduce energy Reduce energy

consumptionconsumption•• Reduce operational Reduce operational

costscosts•• Compare first costsCompare first costs

•• Determine paybackDetermine payback

Redesign GoalsRedesign Goals





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• ElectricalElectrical•• Determine difference Determine difference

in panel loadsin panel loads•• Before and after Before and after

mechanical redesignmechanical redesign•• Resize panel, Resize panel,

conductors & breakers conductors & breakers if appropriateif appropriate





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• StructuralStructural•• Lower beam depthLower beam depth

•• More space for More space for mechanical equipmentmechanical equipment





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• WSHP on ground WSHP on ground coupled loopcoupled loop

•• Ground loop heat Ground loop heat exchanger under exchanger under adjacent parking lotadjacent parking lot•• 150 150 –– 250 ft/Ton250 ft/Ton•• 5 5 –– 35 $/ft bore35 $/ft bore•• Used 200 ft/Ton & Used 200 ft/Ton &

$15/ft bore$15/ft bore•• 60 Tons60 Tons

Mechanical Depth AnalysisMechanical Depth Analysis





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• 60 Rooms total 60 Rooms total 19380 sq. ft19380 sq. ft

•• 1 Ton WSHP in each 1 Ton WSHP in each room. room.

•• Remove Half of 4Remove Half of 4--pipe pipe hydronicshydronics for for spacespace






April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• Three StepsThree Steps•• Simulate Original Simulate Original

Design for selected Design for selected spacesspaces

•• Simulate the addition Simulate the addition of a TER (enthalpy) of a TER (enthalpy) wheelwheel

•• Simulate the WSHP Simulate the WSHP in place of the in place of the FCUsFCUswith the TER wheelwith the TER wheel

CompareCompare






April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• Building LoadsBuilding Loads•• Peak cooling in JulyPeak cooling in July•• Peak heating in Peak heating in

JanuaryJanuary


Building Loads

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

Janu

aryFeb

ruary

March

April

MayJu

ne July

Augus

tSep

tembe

rOcto

ber

Novembe

rDece

mber

Time

kBTU Cooling

Heating





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• To Determine Loop TemperatureTo Determine Loop Temperature

Ground Loop Conditions

-250000

-200000

-150000

-100000

-50000

0

50000

100000

Janu

aryFeb

ruary

March

April

May

June July

Augus

tSep

tembe

rOcto

ber

Novembe

rDece

mber

Months

kBTU

0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0100.0

Deg

rees

Fah

renh

eit

57.957.9DecemberDecember

74.074.0NovemberNovember

83.983.9OctoberOctober

88.788.7SeptemberSeptember

95.095.0AugustAugust

88.088.0JulyJuly

83.383.3JuneJune

70.570.5MayMay

57.957.9AprilApril

48.648.6MarchMarch

45.045.0FebruaryFebruary

49.249.2JanuaryJanuary

Loop Temp Loop Temp ((°°F)F)





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• Energy Consumption ResultsEnergy Consumption ResultsMechanical Systems Energy Consumption

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

kWh

Original DesignOD w/ Energy WheelWSHP w/ Energy Wheel

583916

463557

326554

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

kWh

Annual Total

Mechanical Systems Energy Consumption


30.13 kWh/ft30.13 kWh/ft2216.85 kWh/ft16.85 kWh/ft22





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004



•• Operating Costs ResultsOperating Costs ResultsMechanical Systems Operating Cost

0500

1,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,0004,5005,000

Janu

aryFeb

ruary

March

April

MayJu

ne July

Augus

tSep

tembe

rOcto

ber

Novembe

rDece

mber

$ US

D Original DesignOD w/ Energy WheelWSHP w/ Energy Wheel

$32,145

$20,975

$12422

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

$ USD

Yearly Totals

Annual Costs


$1.66/ft$1.66/ft22$0.64/ft$0.64/ft22





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


50 Ton 100% O.A.unit 140,600$ 30 Ton 100% O.A. unit 126,600$ Enthalpy 10,200

60 Fan Coil Units 91,578 60 WSHP 138,00030 HP ground loop pump 18,600

Stainless Steel Piping 113,380 Estimated ground loop field 180,000

Total 345,558$ 473,400$

Original Des ign WSHP with Energy Wheel


10$69,388 19,723

9$49,665 19,723

8$29,942 19,723

7$10,219 19,723

6($9,504)19,723

5($29,227)19,723

4($48,950)19,723

3($68,673)19,723

2($88,396)19,72337%

1($108,119)19,723$127,842

Year BalanceAnnual SavingsIncurred Extra Cost

Break Even

($150)

($100)

($50)

$0

$50

$100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Years

USD

(Tho

usan

ds)





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• Two (2) Sub panels affectedTwo (2) Sub panels affected•• 2Q/A & 3/QA2Q/A & 3/QA•• Each serves 30 WSHPEach serves 30 WSHP

•• 2Q/A2Q/A•• 79 Adjusted Amps79 Adjusted Amps•• 159 Adjusted Amps159 Adjusted Amps

•• 3Q/A3Q/A•• 64 Adjusted Amps64 Adjusted Amps•• 151 Adjusted Amps151 Adjusted Amps

Electrical Breadth AnalysisElectrical Breadth Analysis

•• WSHPWSHP•• Voltage Voltage –– 115/60/1115/60/1•• HP HP –– 1/6 1/6 •• FLC 12.2FLC 12.2•• VA VA –– 1753.751753.75•• 125% 125% -- 1515•• 175% 175% -- 21.3521.35•• Circuit Breaker Circuit Breaker –– 20 20 •• Conductor Conductor -- #14 THW#14 THW•• Conduit Size Conduit Size –– 16 (½”)16 (½”)





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


Structural Breadth AnalysisStructural Breadth Analysis

•• Typical Composite BayTypical Composite Bay•• Independent from Independent from

Mechanical DepthMechanical Depth•• OriginalOriginal

•• W16x26 (29)W16x26 (29)•• 8’8’--8” O.C.8” O.C.

•• Add single beam, equal Add single beam, equal spacingspacing•• 6’6’--5” O.C.5” O.C.•• Live Load Live Load –– 60 60 psfpsf•• Dead Load Dead Load –– 90 90 psfpsf

•• W14x30 (14)W14x30 (14)•• Selection governed by Selection governed by

deflectiondeflection





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• Tried to be Tried to be conservative in conservative in analysisanalysis

•• Results are a best Results are a best approximationapproximation

•• Ground loop is crude Ground loop is crude approximationapproximation

Additional ConsiderationsAdditional Considerations





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• Ground Coupled heat Ground Coupled heat pump systems are pump systems are incredibly efficientincredibly efficient•• They can be applied in They can be applied in

many waysmany ways•• It’s difficult to predict It’s difficult to predict

how a ground loop how a ground loop exchanger will performexchanger will perform

•• Heat pumps and ground Heat pumps and ground loops will become even loops will become even more important as more important as energy prices continue energy prices continue to rise quickly.to rise quickly.

ConclusionsConclusions





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


•• Thanks to my family, who will Thanks to my family, who will never let me forget I took six never let me forget I took six years to graduate from years to graduate from College.College.

•• Thanks to my friends, who Thanks to my friends, who encourage me to go to encourage me to go to College for even longer.College for even longer.

•• AE Faculty and StaffAE Faculty and Staff•• Dr. LingDr. Ling•• Dr. Dr. BahnflethBahnfleth•• Dr. Dr. MummaMumma

•• GRG kidsGRG kids•• For ALL the good times!For ALL the good times!

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

Community Hospital Community Hospital of Lancasterof Lancaster

Questions?Questions?





April 19, 2004April 19, 2004


community hospital of lancaster no embed · •local amish •horse stable area •“buggy only”...

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