comenius islam, christianity, judaism traducción: celia peis aznarte y maría sánchez carazo....
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COMENIUSISLAM, CHRISTIANITY, JUDAISM
Traducción: Celia Peis Aznarte y María Sánchez Carazo.Islam: Manuel MartosCristianismo: Marta CarazoJudaísmo: Carlos Cuadros.
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ISLAM
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History● It was born in Mecca (Arabia), in 622 (Hégira). It
was in contact with Christianity and Judaism because of trade routes.
● Its founder prophet is Muhammad● Its Holy Book is the Koran
o It is inspired in Muhammad and it was written some years after his death.
o 114 chapters or ‘suras’.o It is written in Arabian.
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Rites and Celebrations● Celebrations:
■ Friday: human creation.■ Ramadan: fasting and prayer month.■ Feast of the Lamb: in memory of Abraham sacrifice
● Rites:○ Circumcision○ Prayer rites○ Pilgrimages rites.
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Allah, their God● Pictures of him are not made, and they can’t
also imagine him● Allah for they is the only one God and Lord
of the universe.● Their God is distant, impersonal and
superior to man.
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Nowadays Islam● Believers 1600 millions.● Regions: Arab, Middle Eastern, Indonesia,
Sahel…● Branches:
o Shia (20%)o Sunni (80%)o Minority groups
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CHRISTIANITY
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History● It emerged in Palestine, first century , in a
Roman occupation atmosphere.● Its founder is Jesus.● Its Holy Book is the Bible:
- Old Testament: 46 books
- New Testament: 27 books
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How is their God?● God is defined as love and is dealt as a
father. -God is love (1 Jn 4,8)● He is a personal and close God, who relates
with everyone.
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RITES, CELEBRATIONS AND FEASTS.
Celebrations and feasts+ Sunday God Day because of Resurrection+ Christmas + Easter+ Pentecost+ Feast of the lord, the saints, and Virgin Mary. RITES+ sacraments, sunday rites and feasts.
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HOLY PLACES- Church ( place of assembly)- Holy land: Belén, Nazareth,Jerusalén,
Roma…- Sanctuaries related to Virgin Mary and the
Saints.
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NOWADAYS CHRISTIANITY
Believers 2.300 millionsBranches: Catholics, Orthodox y Protestants.
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JUDAÍSM
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● It was born in Mesopotamia and Canaan, in a nomadic pastors culture.
● Its founders are Abraham (faith father) and Moises (libertador and jewish faith lawgiver).
● Its Holy Book is the Torah and there are some comments of wise rabbis to the Torah like the Misnhá and the Talmud.
History
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How is their God?● Their God is Yahweh although he is called
“Adonai” ( the lord) as a sign of respect.● Yahweh is a creator, liberator and close God
who reveals, communicates and is present in the history of the people.
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RITES AND CELEBRATIONS
● Rites: Male Circumcision, Prayer rites and Saturday rites.
● Celebrations: Saturday (Sabat), Pesaj (Easter), New Year (Rosh Hashaná), Purification (Yom Kippur) and Pentecost.
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Holy places Jewish holy places are Jerusalem temple, synagogues, burial sites of the Patriarchs as places of pilgrimage.
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Most common prayersThe most common prayers are Shemá and psalms which are prayed several times a day.
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Nowadays JudaismJudaism has 13 millions believers scattered Israel, EEUU, Europe, Argentina, Russia and Irán.