by

VICTORIANO D. DONOSO IIIMaster Teacher II

District Art Education CoordinatorDistrict of Dumangas I

Of all the elements of art, color is the easiest to notice. This is so because the impact of colors on our eyesight and nerves is so strong that it cannot escape our notice.

The impact is so strong that sometimes we do not notice the shape, size and textures of objects the color of which has struck us.

Colors derived from light. The sensation of color stimulated in the brain by the way the eyes respond to the different wavelengths of light.

The brain then clarifies these colors as separate stripes in a narrow band known as spectrum (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet).

The Color Wheel invented by Isaac Newton around 1666 makes it easy for us to recognize different colors and learn how to mix them in producing artworks.

Colors can be repeated to create movement and unity. Dark and cool colors generally recede while warm colors usually advanced.

Many different color charts have appeared recently, this is a sign that our friends in science, particularly chemistry have not yet stopped seeking new colors for our enjoyment to use. For the time being, we shall study two of the best known color charts. The Munsell and Prang Charts

The Munsell system disregards primary and secondary colors, because according to munsell, such gives an excess of orange and yellow in the chart. Instead, the system establishes five principal hues. Red, yellow, green, blue and purple.

The five intermediate hues are yellow-red, green- yellow, blue-green, blue-purple and red-purple. Regarding orange and violet as mere shades of fruits and flowers.

Munsell has ten basic hues, compared to twelve in the prang system.

Based on the Brewster-Newton theory, this system deals with primary, secondary and tertiary colors. There are twelve basic hues in the prang color system, namely: three primaries, three secondary’s and six intermediates.

On the two systems, the Prang is the easiest to conceptualize.

Primary colors – the root of all colorsa. yellow

b. bluec. red

Secondary colors – produced by the mixture of any two primary colors

a. green (yellow and blue)

b. orange (yellow and red)

c. violet (red and blue)

Intermediate colors – produced by the mixture of one primary color and one secondary color in the color chart.a. yellow-green d. red-violet

b. yellow-orange e. blue-violet

c. red-orange f. blue-green

The teacher should guard against confusing the children by not teaching them the two color charts at the same time.

The experienced teacher concentrates his teaching only on one or the other.

Most teachers found Prang chart to be the better one to teach because the colors are not only easy to remember but they are also well balanced.

PROPERTIES OF COLORS 

Colors has three properties or dimension:

1. Hue 2. Value

3. Intensity

1. HueHue is the identity or name of the

color. It is its warmth or coolness. Hue and color are not the same.

The right answer for the question, “What is the hue of this flower?” should be the name of the color as red, yellow or orange as the case may be.

But if the question is, “What is the color of this flower?” the proper reply should include the three properties, as for example, light, dull red, or dark grayed yellow.

In other words, hue, value and intensity of the flower should be given.

2. Values of ColorValue is the lightness or

darkness of color. Value is the amount of light in an object. Value of colors may be divided into tints and shades.

Tints of color may be produced by adding white pigment or water respectively.

Shades of color is produced by adding a little black pigment to the color.

3. Intensity or ChromaIntensity is the brightness or dullness of a

color, its strength or weakness, its purity and impurity.

The twelve normal colors of the Prang color chart possess the maximum intensity because they are all stand out and they are noticed with equal force.

The intensity of a color can be reduced by mixing with it an amount of its complement.

For example, a normal green can be made duller by adding a little of red to it. Doing so results in reduced intensity or brilliancy.

The more red is added to it, the duller will the green be. When the equal amount of red is mixed with green, the resulting mixture will be destroyed and the result will be neutral.

COLOR HARMONYColor harmony means the

pleasing, effective, congruent and balance combination of two or more colors or shades.

It does not only imply a random mixing of colors but a purpose selection of a number of colors to achieve a desired effect. You can achieve harmony by combining related or contrasting colors.

1. Monochromatic Harmony

It is otherwise referred to as one-mode or one-hue harmony.

It combines different intensities or values. Lightness or darkness or brightness or dullness of one color only.

Examples are blue, light blue, dark blue.

2. Analogous HarmonyIt means a combination of two or

more neighboring colors in the color chart. Examples: blue, blue-green, green green, yellow-green, yellow

red, red-orange, orange yellow, yellow-orange,

orange

3. Complementary HarmonyComplementary harmony is the

combination of two opposite colors in the color chart together with their values and intensities.Examples:

blue and orange, red and green,

yellow-orange and blue-violet

yellow and violet

What are the paints suitable for Classroom Structuring?

Use Latex Paint for Styrofoam materials preferably BOYSEN brand.

Touluidine RedThalo Blue

Hanza YellowLatex paint can also be used for painting wall made of cement.

If you are making Streamers, just use Enamel paint and must be a BOYSEN brand.

Enamel paint can also be used for painting materials made of wood and metals.