ASM Brescia S.p.a. Utility services : Data 1999

ELECTRIC POWER1.175 GWh

DRINKING WATER46 Mm3

DISTRICT HEATING 1.030 GWh

NATURAL GAS332 Mm3

SEWAGE WATER34,0 Mm3

STREET LIGHTING31.101 point

PUBLIC TRANSPORT30,2 M passengers

WASTE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL (t)

landfill 387.027waste to energy 371.703separate collect. 53.544

total 758.730

DISTRICT HEATING NETWORK

414 km of double pipe

120.000 inhabit.supplied

31,5 Mm3 heated vol.

9800 clients

650 MWth200 MWe

1 km

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

To keep a positive rate of development

without compromising the availability of

resources and the quality of environment for

future generations

1

BRESCIA INTEGRATED SYSTEM

· Waste prevention

· Separate collection (for material recycling)

· Composting of organic waste

· Energy from remaining waste

· Safe landfilling of residues

4

WASTE MANAGEMENT

11

15,719,3

2426,4

29,6 31,3

37,3

6,3

05

10152025303540

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

SEPARATE WASTE COLLECTION IN BRESCIA

(percentage on waste produced )

CENTRALIZED SELECTION PLANT

(1988)

SEPARATION IN ORIGIN WITH

PEOPLE INVOLVEMENT

(1991)

6

PROJECT EVOLUTION

BRESCIA WTE PLANT

1. ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

2. HIGH EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY RECOVERY

3. RELIABILITY, SAFETY, AVAILABILITY

DESIGN GOALS:

THE EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY PRODUCTION IS AN IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FACTOR, AS IT ALLOWS BOTH

THE SAVING OF NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES AND THE

AVOIDANCE OF EMISSIONS FROM POWER PLANTS FIRED WITH TRADITIONAL FOSSIL FUELS.

COMPARISON BETWEEN THE EMISSIONS FROM WTE PLANTS

AND TRADITIONAL FUEL PLANTS

10

AVOIDED EMISSION PER TON OF TREATED WASTE

(compared with landfill disposal of waste, electricity production with heavy oil ,heat production with natural gas)

% kg/twaste t/100.000 t waste

Dust - 94 0,11 11

SO2 - 93 3,64 364

NOx - 47 0,64 63

CO2 - 43 760 76.000

TERMOUTILIZZATORE

DUSTSO2NOxHClHFCO

Pb+Cr+Cu+Mn

Ni+AsCd)HgPACDioxine (ng/Nm3)

COMPONENTSEUROPEAN

UNION

ITALY EXISITING

PLANTS

AUTOR.

REGION.

ITALY

NEW

PLANTS

ASM DESIGN

ACTUAL VALUES

30 10 30 10 5 <1300 150 300 100 100 <30

200 200 <100 <10050 30 50 20 20 5-202 1 2 1 1 <0,1

100 100 100 50 50 <20

51

0,20,10,1

2

0,050,1

5

1

0,2

0,5

0,050,050,010,1

0,050,05

0,5

0,010,1 <0,01

<0,01

<0,002<0,002

<0,001

STACK EMISSION COMPARISON

DIR 89/369 40001/93 DM 503/97 DM 503/97

-

--

600

--

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

1. CLOSED BUILDINGS, AT NEGATIVE PRESSURE 2. ADVANCED COMBUSTION

. Fully automatic waste feeding, grate movement and combustion control

. “expert system” with infrared camera control

. 30 compartments under grate, with automatic indipendent primary air flow control

. Flue gas recirculation3. DRY GAS CLEANING SYSTEM

(LIME+ACTIVE CARBON)4. FABRIC FILTER WITH 6 INDEPENDENT

SECTIONS5. REAGENT SILOS AND DOSING EQUIPMENT FULLY

REDUNDANT6. MINIMUM WATER CONSUMPTION. NO LIQUID

EFFLUENTS7. LOW NOISE COMPONENTS AND DESIGN

13

NET ENERGY EFFICIENCY

1. LOW COMBUSTION ECCESS AIR 2. HIGH HEAT RECOVERY FROM COMBUSTION GASES (FROM 1100 TO 130°C TO HIGH PRESSURE STEAM)3. COMBUSTION AIR PRE-HEATING (WITH LOW

PRESSURE STEAM)4. LOW POWER SELF CONSUMPTION5. HIGH STEAM DATA 60 BAR-450°C6. HIGH EFFICIENCY TURBINE AND THERMAL CYCLE 7. POWER AND HEAT COGENERATION

OPERATION RELIABILITY AND SAFETY1 PROVEN AND RELIABLE TECHNOLOGIES

2. WIDE TOLERANCE TO WASTE COMPOSITION

(6,3 - 13,8 Mj/kg)

3. REDUNDANCY FOR CRITICAL SYSTEM

4. HIGH LEVEL OF AUTOMATION

(15.000 PROCESS PARAMETERS REPORTED TO

CONTROL ROOM)

4. DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM

5. REDUNDANCY IN MEASURES AND PROCESS

DATA 16

WASTE IS A RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE, AS IT IS MAINLY MADE BY

VEGETABLE-CELLULOSIC SUBSTANCES; THE NON

RENEWABLE COMPONENTS WHICH ARE PRESENT, FOR INSTANCE

PLASTIC, WOULD OTHERWISE BE DISPOSED OF BY LANDFILL, WHICH

PERMITS ONLY VERY LITTLE ENERGY RECOVERY

WTE BRESCIAWASTE CAPACITY 2 X 23 t/h

2 x 88,3 MWwaste

ENERGY RECOVERED (NET)ELECTRICITYHEAT TO DISTRICT HEATING

200 Gwhe/a350 GWhth/a

ENERGY NET EFFICIENCYELECTRICITYHEAT TO DISTRICT HEATING

TOTAL

25%57%------82%>

PRIMARY ENERGY SAVING 80,000 Tons oil eq./a

AVOIDED CO2 EMISSIONS 200,000 T/a

CO-COMBUSTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE

• Closed system: no odours emissions; employees have no contact with the sludge.

• 20 - 50 % dry substance.• Solid pumps feed the sludge from 2 x 255 m3 silos to the

spreaders in closed pipelines over a distance of 150 m.• Two spreaders with bilateral feed into each furnace.• Uniform distribution of the sewage sludge is effected by

varing the rotor speed and the discharge angle.• Sewage sludge particles do not clump together: good burnout.

Sewage sludge - MSW co-combustionOperating Results

Boiler load % 70 80

Sludge flow m3/h 0 3

Steam production t/h 70 83

Furnace temp. C 951 971

CO mg/Nm3 7.5 11.9

NOx mg/Nm3 78.5 70.5

O2 mg/Nm3 8.3 7.0

Unit 1 Unit 2

BIOMASS CO-COMBUSTIONIN BRESCIA WTE PLANT

• 218.000 t of municipal solid waste• 40.000 t of biomass

WASTE DATA 1999:

• 370.000 t of municipal solid waste• 16.000 t of biomass

WASTE DATA 2000 (FIRST SIX MONTH):

BRESCIA WTE PLANT

• Pulper from paper recycling processes• Wood chips• Sewage sludge• Marc (residues from wine production)

BIOMASS RECOVERED:

SCHEMA CICLO TERMICO

212 t/h 60 bar 450 °C

5 MW

45 MW

55 °C

70 °C

102 MW115 °C

SCHEMA IMPIANTO TRATTAMENTO FUMI

Waste-to-Energyunit cost & revenues(without incentives)

ECU/ton waste Total (MECU/a)

COSTSInvestment pay off (k=0,1) 50,00 17,50Personnel (80 pers. - 42.500 ECU/p x a) 9,50 3,30Maintenance (4% of plant investm.) 17,00 6,00Bottom ash (50 ECU/t - 25% of waste) 12,50 4,40Gas cleaning residue (200 ECU/t - 5%) 10,00 3,50Chemicals 3,00 1,00Others 2,50 0,90

104,50 36,60

REVENUES (from energy)electricity (0,045 ECU/kWh) 25,50 8,90heat (0,012 ECU/kWh) 12,00 4,20

37,50 13,10

WASTE DISPOSAL COST 67,00