Cloud Computing

Part #1

Zigmunds Buliņš, Mg. sc. ing

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2http://www.digitaltrends.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Cloud-Computing.jpg

Computing history (1)

Abacus2700–2300 BC

3http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Boulier1.JPGhttp://retrocalculators.com/abacus_files/Wooden_Abacus_Russian_Wood_Schoty.jpg

Computing history (2)

Babbage computer1834 - Charles Babbage

4http://members.peak.org/~jeremy/superlative/pix/babbageMachine.jpg

Computing history (3)

Z1 computerKonrad Zuse, 193622-bit floating pointZ2, Z3, … Z5Plankalkul  (ALGOL)

5http://www.yorku.ca/lbianchi/sts3700b/z1-vb2.jpg

Computing history (4) Bell 1

19409000 relays, 90 m2, 10 t

Mark 11944Equations

ENIAC194618000 lamps, 90 × 15 m2, 30t, 150 kW100 kHz, + for 0.2 ms, * for 2.8 ms

6http://mathsci.ucd.ie/~plynch/eniac/ENIAC.jpg

Computing history (5)

Philco-2000195556000 transistors, 1200 diodes, (450 lamps)+ for 1,7 microseconds, * for 40,3

CDC 66001960169000 transistors100 MHz

7http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/CDC_6600.jc.jpg/800px-CDC_6600.jc.jpg

Computing history (6)

System-3601964, First integralDOS, OS/360

Intel 800819728 bit

Intel 8088 PC XT -> PC AT (80286)

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Performance progress (1) 2010: 2.57 petaflops 2005: 280.6 teraflops 2000: 4.94 teraflops 1995: 170 gigaflops

15,100 times faster 1,650 times faster 19 times faster The baseline

9http://royal.pingdom.com/2010/12/02/incredible-growth-supercomputing-performance-1995-2010/

Performance progress (2) In 2010, we measure the performance of

the fastest supercomputers in petaflops (quadrillions of operations per second). In 1995, we used gigaflops (billions of operations per second). We are now using the scale a million times larger than we did 15 years ago.

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Tasks and computers

Need for performanceAmount of the dataResolution / quality / complexity

Growing demandMore online usersMore applications running

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Scaling thing (1)

Personal computerSimple, personal computing tasks

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Scaling thing (2)

NetworkCommon tasks, resources

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Scaling thing (3)

ClusterProcessing power, large IO

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Scaling thing (4)

CloudThe topic we will speak about…

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Cloud computing (1)

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Cloud computing (2)

Grid computing SOA Client-server

distributed application that distinguishes between service providers (servers) and service requesters (clients)

Peer-to-peerdistributed architecture without the need for

central coordination

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5 essential characteristics On-demand self-service Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service

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Service models

Infrastructure (IaaS) Platform (PaaS) Software (SaaS) Network (NaaS) Database (DBaaS)

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Deployment models

Public cloud Community cloud Hybrid cloud Private cloud

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Comparison for SaaS

Criteria Public cloud Private cloud

Initial cost Typically zero Typically high

Running cost Predictable Unpredictable

Customization Impossible Possible

PrivacyNo (Host has access

to the data)Yes

Single sign-on Impossible Possible

Scaling upEasy while within

defined limitsLaborious but no limits

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Virtualization (1)

VM technology allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine

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Virtualization (2)

Advantages of virtual machines: Run operating systems where the physical hardware is

unavailable; Easier to create new machines, backup machines, etc.; Software testing using “clean” installs of operating

systems and software; Emulate more machines than are physically available; Timeshare lightly loaded systems on one host, Debug problems (suspend and resume the problem

machine); Easy migration of virtual machines (shutdown needed or

not); Run legacy systems!

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Advantages of Cloud Computing (1) Lower computer costs Improved performance Reduced software costs Instant software updates Improved document format compatibility

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Advantages of Cloud Computing (2) Unlimited storage capacity Increased data reliability Universal document access Latest version availability Easier group collaboration Device independence

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Disadvantages of Cloud Computing (1) Requires a constant Internet

connection Does not work well with low-speed

connections Features might be limited

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Disadvantages of Cloud Computing (2) Can be slow Stored data might not be secure Stored data can be lost Compatibility for clouds/DB/etc.

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