clinical waste management by: nadiratul noziana abd majid executive engineer
TRANSCRIPT
CLINICAL WASTE CLINICAL WASTE MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
By: NADIRATUL NOZIANA ABD MAJIDEXECUTIVE ENGINEER
AIMS & OBJECTIVE
Provide information on the correct method of clinical waste management & handling.
To develop awareness so as to appreciate health , safety and environmental
protection issues relating to clinical waste.
PMSB VISSION
PMSB WILL PROVIDE QUALITY SERVICE IN THE
HEALTHCARE AND RELATED SERVICE
INDUSTRIES WITH UNSURPASSED DEDICATION
TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION THROUGH
INNOVATION AND A MOTIVATED, COMMITTED
AND EFFICIENT WORKFORCE WHO TAKE
PRIDE IN THEIR WORK.
PMSB CUSTOMERS
GH
Private Hosp/Clinics
BIOHAZARD SIGN
LEVEL OF BIOHAZARD
Level 1 - Varicella, Canine hepatitis
Level 2 - Hepatitis A, B and C,
Influenza A
Level 3 - SARS, Yellow fever
Level 4 - Ebola, Dengue fever
HOSPITAL WASTE CATEGORY
Clinical waste- scheduled waste
Radioactive waste- scheduled waste
Chemical waste- scheduled waste
Pressurized containers
General waste
COMPOSITION OF CLINICAL WASTE
5% Pathological 3% PVC 30% Plastic other than PVC 32% Paper including wax Paper 10% Hospital dressing 10% Miscellany-flowers, rags etc. 10% Non combustible-glass, sharps,
metal
DEFINITION OF CLINICAL WASTE
Clinical waste - Any waste which consists wholly or partly of human or animal tissue, blood or other body fluids, excretions, drugs or other pharmaceutical products, swabs or dressings, syringes, needles or other sharp instruments, being waste which unless rendered safe may prove hazardous to any person coming into contact with it.
DEFINITION OF CLINICAL WASTE
Clinical Waste -Any other waste arising from medical, nursing, dental, veterinary, pharmaceutical or similar practice, investigation, treatment, care, teaching or research, or the collection of blood for transfusion, being which may cause infection to any person coming into contact with it.
CATEGORY OF CLINICAL WASTE
Category A
Blood Body fluids excretions Soiled surgical dressings Swabs Material from
infectious diseases
Category B
Discarded syringes, needles, broken glass, and other contaminated disposable sharp instruments
Category C
Lab or post mortem room waste
Category D
Pharmaceutical and cytotoxic waste
Category E
Used disposal bed pan liners, urine containers, incontinence and stoma pads
User Training
Pottering Service
Store Management & Consumable Supply
Transport Service
Incineration
PMSB: CRADLE TO GRAVE SERVICE
Yellow Plastic Bags
Blue Plastic BagsCable TiesCW Label
Bag HolderPaddle Bin
Sharp ContainerTrocar Container
CONSUMABLES
PMSB CONSUMABLES
Consumables are supplied to all hospital site. They must be used correctly and not
misused.
Nursing and clinical staff responsibilities:
• Segregation at SOURCE: Clinical Waste correctly segregated from General Waste.• ONLY CW is deposited in yellow bags.• ONLY SHARPS in sharps container.• Seal bags when 3/4 FULL using cable ties. Never seal bags by stapling.
WASTE SEGREGATION: DOS & DON’TS
Waste Cat. A, C, D, & E throw into yellow bags.
Infectious waste, do prior treatment by autoclave & throw into blue bags.
Waste Cat. B throw into Sharp containers. Sharp containers are firmly pressed prior to
disposal. Don’t force needle/syringes into the sharp
container.
WASTE SEGREGATION: DOS & DON’TS
Oops!! I terr..throw clinical waste into the black bag….
What should I do?
WASTE SEGREGATION
If clinical waste and domestic
waste are mixed, it should be treated as schedule waste…
Clinical Waste + Domestic Waste Clinical Waste
CLINICAL WASTE GUIDELINE…
WASTE SEGREGATION
• Place contaminated waste bag into another bag of the correct color
(yellow bag).• Under no circumstances should
incorrectly segregated waste be taken out of a waste bag or container once
deposited.
CLINICAL WASTE GUIDELINE…
MANUAL HANDLING OF CLINICAL WASTE BAG
Check if it is properly sealed. Check label and ensure it shows the source of
waste. Pick the bag up by the neck only. Bags should not be clasped against the body. Do not attempt to carry too many bags at one
time. Do not throw or drop the bags. Do not support the bag from the bottom. Do not leave the waste unattended. Conduct spillage clean-up when the need arise.
MANUAL HANDLING OF SHARP CONTAINERS
No darting needles into the bin. Sealed when 3/4 full. Syringes with attached needles shall be discarded together. Do not shed needle. Do not press down the bin lids when closing. Shake the container gently before closing. Check if bin is labeled with date and site of origin. Keep out of reach of children. Intravascular guidewires, cannulae, blood taking sets, glass slides, glass dry vials & ampoules shall be discarded into the correct size containers.
Syringes/needles in yellow bag - Big Mistake…
Result in deadly consequences!!!
LABELLING
All bag and sharp containers shall be labeled for identification purpose.
WHY??
Should any problem arise, the waste can be easily traced.
LABELLINGLabels should have:
• Date waste first generated
• Name, Add & Contact no. of waste generator
• Marked with biohazard symbol and code SW404
Designated area for storage. Locked & attended at all time. Separated from general waste store. Minimum 2 days storage capacity. Accessible only by authorized person. Facilities for washing hands made available. Connected to sewerage system. PPE made available. Refrigerated storage required if stored for >24
hours. Free from vermin, droppings, etc. Odour control. Good housekeeping.
STORAGE OF CLINICAL WASTE
“Old mortuary house turn domestic waste store…. Temporarily utilised as
CW storage in 1996”
STORAGE OF CW- THEN
STORAGE OF CW-NOW
Landfill Autoclave (Steam
treatment) Irradiation Microwave Treatment Chemical Disinfection
• Incineration
CLINICAL WASTE DISPOSAL
Combustion of waste at high temperature with O2 to produce
inert ash, CO2, H2O and trace levels of pollutants.
WHAT IS INCINERATION
Because generation of waste increases daily. Scarcity of landfill sites. Sustain clean environment. Reduces pollution due to open burning. Ensures total destruction of pathogen & organic
material. Complies with DOE emission control standard.
NEED FOR INCINERATION
CW DISPOSAL-THEN
CW DISPOSAL - NOW
Malaysia’s 1st Clinical Waste Incinerator
Located at Bukit Rambai, Melaka Operation since October 1996 Stepped hearth technology,
capacity 2 x 250 kg/hr ISO 9001:2000 (Nov 1997) ISO 14001:1996 (Dec 2001) OHSAS 18001:1999 (May 2003)
PMSB INCINERATOR PLANT
Waste Receive Cold Room Burning Process Control
Bin WashingPreparing
Clean Bins Ash Handling Ash Removalfor Disposal
PLANT PROCESS
PMSB INCINERATOR PLANT
CLINICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IS A JOINT EFFORT - TO
SUSTAIN GOOD HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT….
WRONG PRACTICE
REVISE BACK….
YELLOW BAG
CLINICAL WASTE CATEGORY….
A?.. B?.. C?.. D?.. E?..
REVISE BACK….
SHARP CONTAINER
CLINICAL WASTE CATEGORY…
A? ..B?.. C?.. D?.. E?..
SEGREGATION (PENGASINGAN) Clinical Waste Groups
Group A Wool Cotton Gloves, Swabs Plasters and bandaging Soiled surgical dressing Materials used to clean spillage.
Human biopsy materials
Human tissues Blood, Urine,
Stools Organ, Limbs Body parts Placenta
Yellow Bag (Beg Kuning)
Group B Sharps instruments and objects
Syringes
Needles Cartridges Scalpel blades
Sharp
Container (Bekas Tajam)
Group C Clinical Waste arising from laboratories /
infectious wastes Pathology Haematology
Blood transfusion
Microbiology Post-mortem
room wastes
Light Blue Bag (Beg Biru
Muda)
SEGREGATION (PENGASINGAN)
Clinical Waste Groups
Group D Pharmaceutical wastes Expired drugs Sera
Low level radioactive waste X-ray dept.
Cytotoxic waste Treatment of cancer
patient Vaccines
Sharp Container (Bekas Tajam)
Group E Disposable pads Disposable bed -pan liners Disposable diapers
Incontinence pads Urine containers Stoma bags
Yellow Bag
(Beg Kuning)