CLIMATOLOGY

TROPICAL, EQUATORIAL and TEMPERATE CLIMATIC ZONES

Presented By: Anant Nautiyal, Dhir Dhwaj Singh, Gaurav Soni, Priyvarth Arya, Rishabh Dev Sharma

B.Arch 2nd Year

•Climate is the description of the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area. •Scientists define climate as the average weather for a particular region and time period, usually taken over 30-years.

What is Weather???•Weather is basically the way the atmosphere is behaving, mainly with respect to its effects upon life and human activities. •Weather is visualized in terms of temperature, humidity, precipitation, cloudiness, brightness, visibility, wind, and atmospheric pressure, as in high and low pressure.

What is Climate???

WHAT ARE CLIMATIC ZONES???

Climatic Zones are divisions of the Earth's climates into general climate zones according to average temperatures and average rainfall. The four major climate zones on the Earth are the polar, equatorial, temperate, and tropical zones.

Tropical zone from 0°–23,5°

Characterstics:-•In the regions between the equator and the tropics (Equatorial region) the Solar radiation reaches the ground nearly vertically at noontime during almost the entire year. •Thereby, it is very warm in these regions. •Through the high temperatures, more water evaporates, so that the air is often moist.•The resulting frequent and dense cloud cover reduces the effect of solar radiation on ground temperature .

•Subtropics from 23,5°–40°

Characterstics:-•The subtropics receive the highest radiation in the summer, since the sun's angle at noon is almost vertical to the earth, whilst the cloud cover is relatively thin. •These regions receive less moisture, and that increases the effect of radiation. •Therefore, most of the deserts in the world are situated in this zone. •In the winter, the radiation in these regions decreases significantly, and it can be temporarily very cool and moist .

Temperate Zone from 40°–60°

Characterstics:-•In the temperate zone, the solar radiation arrives at a smaller angle, and the average temperatures here are much cooler than in the subtropics. •The seasons and daylength differ significantly in the course of a year. •The climate is characterised by less frequent extremes, a more regular distribution of the precipitation over the year and a longer Vegetation period - therefore the tame "temperate".

The tropics is a region of the Earth surrounding the Equator. It is limited in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at 23° 26′ 16″ N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere at 23° 26′ 16″ S; these latitudes correspond to the axial tilt of the Earth. The tropics include all the areas on the Earth where the Sun reaches a subsolar point, a point directly overhead at least once during the solar year.

TROPICAL RAINFOREST OR EQUITORIAL

TROPICAL MONSOON CLIMATE

DRY-WET TROPICAL CLIMATES

Temperate Climate

Temperate Climate

Climate map of India.

The green color in the map is showing the temperate

climate.

•Experienced in areas located between 100 N and S around the Equator.

•Examples:1.Amazon Basin2.South East Asia3.Congo Basin